Ghrelin plasma concentration does not covary with energy demand in adult laying hens
The peptide hormone ghrelin is suggested to be involved in food intake regulation in young growing chicken. Whether ghrelin is involved in the regulation of energetic balance associated with laying performance in adult laying hens was studied by use of 4 chicken lines that differ in laying performance and phylogeny (4 lines; 16 hens per line). As housing conditions are also known to affect energy demand, half of the hens per line were housed in single cages and the other half of hens were maintained in a floor housing system. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 29, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A. H öhne, L. Schrader, S. Weigend, S. Petow Source Type: research

An exploratory study of competition scores and salivary cortisol concentrations in Warmblood horses
The main objective of this explorative study was to describe the relationship between competition scores and salivary cortisol concentrations in young horses during dressage and showjumping competitions. The study also investigated whether the diurnal rhythm of salivary cortisol concentrations was affected by competition over consecutive days compared to the home environment. Saliva samples were collected from 126 dressage horses and showjumpers in their home environment and at three different events. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 28, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: R. Munk, R.B. Jensen, R. Palme, L. Munksgaard, J.W. Christensen Source Type: research

Ovarian steroids, oxytocin and tumor necrosis factor modulate equine oviduct function
The oviduct plays important roles in the early reproductive process. The aim of this study was to evaluate gene transcription and protein expression of progesterone receptor (PGR), estrogen receptors 1 (ESR1) and 2 (ESR2); oxytocin receptor (OXTR); prostaglandin F2 α synthase (AKR1C3) and prostaglandin E2 synthase (PTGES) in mare oviduct in different estrous cycle stages. Estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), oxytocin (OXT) and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF) effect on in vitro PGE2 and PGF2α secretion by equine oviduct explants or by oviduct epithelial cells (O EC) were also assessed. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 24, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: P. Pinto-Bravo, A. Galv ão, M.R. Rebordão, A. Amaral, D. Ramilo, E. Silva, A. Szóstek-Mioduchowska, G. Alexandre-Pires, R. Roberto da Costa, D.J. Skarzynski, G. Ferreira-Dias Source Type: research

Puberty Arises with Testicular Alterations and Defective AMH Expression in Rams Prenatally Exposed to Testosterone
The male gonadal tissue can be a sensitive target to the reprogramming effects of testosterone (T) during prenatal development. We have demonstrated that male lambs born to dams receiving T during pregnancy – a model system to the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)- show a decreased number of germ cells early in life, and when adult, a reduced amount of sperm and ejaculate volume. These findings are key to put attention to the male offspring of women bearing PCOS, as they are exposed to increased level s of androgen during pregnancy which can reprogram their reproductive outcome. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 22, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: S.E. Recabarren, M. Recabarren, D. Sandoval, A. Carrasco, V. Padmanabhan, R. Rey, H.G. Richter, C.C. Perez-Marin, T. Sir-Petermann, P.P. Rojas-Garcia Source Type: research

Effects of short-term fasting on the Akt-mediated pathway involved in protein metabolism in chicken skeletal muscle
In the present study, we show that short-term (4 h) fasting significantly decreased the levels of protein synthesis-related factors such as the plasma insulin concentration, skeletal muscle pAkt and pS6 levels in 2-week-old chickens (P (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 21, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: T. Saneyasu, N. Tsuchii, Y. Nakano, A. Kitashiro, T. Tsuchihashi, H. Shindo, K. Honda, H. Kamisoyama Source Type: research

Comparison of surrogate indices for insulin sensitivity with parameters of the intravenous glucose tolerance test in early lactation dairy cattle
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between different surrogate indices and parameters of the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in dairy cows at the start of their lactation. Ten dairy cows underwent IVGTT on days 3 to 7 after calving. Areas under the curve during the 90 min following infusion, peak and nadir concentrations, elimination rates, and times to reach half-maximal and basal concentrations for glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids, and β-hydroxybutyrate were calculated. (Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 14, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: V. Alves-Nores, C. Castillo, J. Hernandez, A. Abuelo Source Type: research

Growth hormone-specific induction of the nuclear localization of porcine growth hormone receptor in the porcine hepatocytes
The phenomenon of nuclear translocation of growth hormone receptor (GHR) in human, rat, and fish has been reported. To date, this phenomenon has not been described in a domestic animal (such as pig). In addition, the molecular mechanisms of GHR nuclear translocation have not been thoroughly elucidated. To this end, porcine hepatocytes were isolated and used as a cell model. We observed that porcine growth hormone (pGH) can induce porcine GHR's nuclear localization in porcine hepatocytes. Subsequently, the dynamics of pGH-induced pGHR's nuclear localization were analyzed and demonstrated that pGHR's nuclear localization occ...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 7, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: H.N. Lan, P. Hong, R.N. Li, A.S. Shan, X. Zheng Source Type: research

Adipose triglyceride lipase protein abundance and translocation to the lipid droplet increase during leptin induced lipolysis in bovine adipocytes
Proper regulation of lipid metabolism is critical for preventing the development of metabolic diseases. It is clear that leptin plays a critical role in the regulation of energy homeostasis by regulating energy intake. However, leptin can also regulate energy homeostasis by inducing lipolysis in adipocytes, but it ’s unclear how the major lipases are involved in leptin-stimulated lipolysis. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine if 1) leptin acts directly to induce lipolysis in bovine adipocytes 2) the potential lipases involved in leptin induced lipolysis in bovine adipocytes and 3) incr eases translo...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 7, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: D.A. Koltes, M.E. Spurlock, D.M. Spurlock Source Type: research

Growth hormone (GH)-specific induction of the nuclear localization of porcine growth hormone receptor (pGHR) in the porcine hepatocytes
The phenomenon of nuclear translocation of growth hormone receptor (GHR) in human, rat and fish has been reported. To date, this phenomenon has not been described in a domestic animal (such as pig). In addition, the molecular mechanisms of GHR nuclear translocation have not been thoroughly elucidated. To this end, porcine hepatocytes were isolated and used as a cell model. We observed that porcine growth hormone (pGH) can induce porcine GHR ’s nuclear localization in porcine hepatocytes. Subsequently, the dynamics of pGH-induced pGHR’s nuclear localization were analysed and demonstrated that pGHR’s nuclear localizati...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 7, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: H.N. Lan, P. Hong, R.N. Li, A.S. Shan, X. Zheng Source Type: research

Table of Contents
(Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology)
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - June 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Insulin signaling in various equine tissues under basal conditions and acute stimulation by intravenously-injected insulin
The aim of the study was to analyze key proteins of the equine insulin signaling cascade and their extent of phosphorylation in biopsies from muscle tissue (MT), liver tissue (LT), and nuchal (NUAT), subcutaneous (SCAT) and retroperitoneal adipose tissues (RPAT). This was investigated under unstimulated (B1) and intravenously insulin stimulated (B2) conditions, which were achieved by injection of insulin (0.1 IU/kg bodyweight (BW)) and glucose (150 mg/kg BW). Twelve warmblood horses aged 15 ± 6.8 years (yr), weighing 559 ± 79 kg and with a mean body condition score of 4.7 ± 1.5 were included in the study. (Source: Domes...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - May 12, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: T. Warnken, R. Brehm, K. Feige, K. Huber Source Type: research

Effects of nonglycosylated and glycosylated prolactin on basal and gonadotropin-stimulated steroidogenesis in chicken ovarian follicles
In galliformes, the circulating isoform of prolactin (PRL) significantly changes during different reproductive states. However, the role of the major isoform (glycosylated PRL [G-PRL]) in ovarian steroidogenesis is unknown. The present study aimed to compare the effects of nonglycosylated (NG-) and G-PRL on basal and gonadotropin-stimulated estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) production in granulosa cells or follicular walls of chicken of different size class follicles. In the initial experiment, granulosa cells of preovulatory F3-F1 and prehierarchical 6- to 8-mm follicles were incubated for 24 h with different concentra...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - May 10, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: S.Q. Hu, D. Zadworny Source Type: research

Effects of non-glycosylated and glycosylated prolactin on basal and gonadotropin-stimulated steroidogenesis in chicken ovarian follicles
In galliformes, the circulating isoform of prolactin (PRL) significantly changes during different reproductive states. However, the role of the major isoform (glycosylated PRL, G-PRL) in ovarian steroidogenesis is unknown. The present study aimed to compare the effects of non-glycosylated (NG-) and G-PRL on basal and gonadotropin-stimulated estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) production in granulosa cells or follicular walls of chicken different size class follicles. In the initial experiment, granulosa cells of preovulatory F3-F1 and prehierarchical 6-8 mm follicles were incubated for 24 with different concentrations of ...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - May 10, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: S.Q. Hu, D. Zadworny Source Type: research

Glucocorticoid receptor number and affinity differ between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and granulocytes in domestic pigs
The aim of the present study was to characterize the number and affinity of glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and granulocytes of domestic pigs because glucocorticoid signaling is considered important for animal health and welfare. To investigate GR binding characteristics in intact porcine immune cells, blood samples of six castrated male pigs were collected via indwelling vein catheters. Porcine PBMC and granulocytes were isolated using two-layer density gradients, followed by radioligand binding assays to determine the number of GR sites per cell and the dissociation constant Kd ...
Source: Domestic Animal Endocrinology - May 8, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: L.C. Engert, U. Weiler, V. Stefanski, S.S. Schmucker Source Type: research