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Action on Addiction takes action to disarm addiction to see that people are free from addiction and its effects. Their approach to this mission is multi-dimensional and covers everything from prevention to recovery.

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What women in France say about alcohol abstinence during pregnancyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy already constitutes a real taboo for the heath care professionals in France. It is extremely urgent and imperative that they recommend total abstinence during pregnancy, in order to avoid any irreversible consequences for the unborn babies.[Toutain S. What women in France say about alcohol abstinence during pregnancy. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - November 19, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: STÉPHANIE TOUTAIN Source Type: journals

An overview of systematic reviews on cannabis and psychosis: Discussing apparently conflicting resultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. We conclude that there is insufficient knowledge to determine the level of risk associated with cannabis use in relation to psychotic symptoms and that more information is needed on both the risks of cannabis use and the benefits of preventive interventions to support evidence-based approaches in this area.[Minozzi S, Davoli M, Bargagli AM, Amato L, Vecchi S, Perucci CA. An overview of systematic reviews on cannabis and psychosis: Discussing apparently conflicting results. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - November 18, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: SILVIA MINOZZI, MARINA DAVOLI, ANNA M. BARGAGLI, LAURA AMATO, SIMONA VECCHI, CARLO A. PERUCCI Source Type: journals

The Psychostimulant Check-Up: A pilot study of a brief intervention to reduce illicit stimulant useEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The intervention was well accepted and the majority of those who received it subsequently made meaningful reductions in psychostimulant use and related harm. The intervention offers sufficient promise to warrant a randomised trial to establish whether improvements were specific to the intervention.[Smout MF, Longo M, Harrison S, Minniti R, Cahill S, Wickes W, White JM. The Psychostimulant Check-Up: A pilot study of a brief intervention to reduce illicit stimulant use. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - November 18, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: MATTHEW F. SMOUT, MARIE LONGO, SONIA HARRISON, RINALDO MINNITI, SHARON CAHILL, WENDY WICKES, JASON M. WHITE Source Type: journals

A case of poppy tea dependence in an octogenarian ladyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the case of an 82-year-old client with dependent use of poppy for 55 years. She was brought for treatment as access to poppy became difficult following legal restrictions. She was successfully maintained on buprenorphine maintainence.[Subodh BN, Murthy P, Chand PK, Arun K, Bala SN, Benegal V, Madhusudhan S. A case of poppy tea dependence in an octogenarian lady. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - November 18, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: SUBODH BHAGYALAKSHMI NANJAYYA, PRATIMA MURTHY, PRABHAT KUMAR CHAND, ARUN KANDASWAMY, BALA SHANTI NIKKETHA, VIVEK BENEGAL, MADHUSUDHAN SHIVAPPA Source Type: journals

Interaction of life quality with alexithymia, temperament and character in male alcohol-dependent inpatientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Among alcohol-dependent men, DIF factor of alexithymia and personality dimensions, particularly HA and NS are associated with impairment of QoL. Direction of this relationship and factors that may mediate this relationship is unclear. [Evren C, Dalbudak E, Durkaya M, Cetin R, Evren B. Interaction of life quality with alexithymia, temperament and character in male alcohol-dependent inpatients. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - November 18, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: CUNEYT EVREN, ERCAN DALBUDAK, MINE DURKAYA, RABIA CETIN, BILGE EVREN Source Type: journals

Ten things the alcohol industry won't tell you about alcoholEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - October 5, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: DOUG SELLMAN Source Type: journals

Differences in self and independent ratings on an organisational dual diagnosis capacity measureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The results suggest that services may not accurately assess their own capacity. For organisations trying to make improvements in their services, independent assessment may be more helpful than self-assessment in accurately determining service gaps. Overestimation of capacity may lead to failure to address important service needs.[Lee N, Cameron J. Differences in self and independent ratings on an organisational dual diagnosis capacity measure. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - October 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: NICOLE LEE, JACQUI CAMERON Source Type: journals

The impact of drinking pattern on alcohol-related violence among adolescents: An international comparative analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The findings of this study suggest that challenges for prevention of acute alcohol-related harms in young people may be larger in countries where adolescents to a larger extent drink to intoxication. From a prevention point of view it also seems warranted to direct more future studies into the area of potential for preventing intoxication and drunkenness, not in the least among young people.[Bye EK, Rossow I. The impact of drinking pattern on alcohol-related violence among adolescents: An international comparative analysis. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - October 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: ELIN K. BYE, INGEBORG ROSSOW Source Type: journals

The acceptability of combined methadone-naloxone treatment: Consumer and provider views on the potential utility of methadone-naloxoneEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. For both groups, the acceptability of methadone-naloxone depended upon an informed assessment of risks and benefits best addressed by further research into the efficacy, tolerability and safety of methadone-naloxone.[Shearer J, Mammen K, Bell J. The acceptability of combined methadone-naloxone treatment: Consumer and provider views on the potential utility of methadone-naloxone. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - October 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: JAMES SHEARER, KRISTIE MAMMEN, JAMES BELL Source Type: journals

Could a United Nations organisation lead to a worsening of drug-related harms?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - October 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: EVAN WOOD, THOMAS KERR Source Type: journals

Process evaluation of the implementation of a screening and brief intervention program for alcohol risk in primary health care: An experience in BrazilEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The barriers and facilitators were related to two main factors: organisational culture and personal attitudes. The action research provided the opportunity to bridge the gap between research and practice, but it also showed that SBI faces significant challenges before it can be implemented as a routine procedure in PHC settings in Brazil. [Amaral MB, Ronzani TM, Souza-Formigoni MLO. Process evaluation of the implementation of a screening and brief intervention program for alcohol risk in primary health care: An experience in Brazil. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - October 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: MICHAELA B. AMARAL, TELMO M. RONZANI, MARIA LUCIA O. SOUZA-FORMIGONI Source Type: journals

The toxicology of homicide offenders and victims: A reviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions and Implications. Psychoactive substances are strongly associated with homicide. One of the major societal benefits that can be derived from active attempts to reduce alcohol and other drug use are reductions in homicide rates.[Darke S. The toxicology of homicide offenders and victims: A review. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - August 5, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: SHANE DARKE Source Type: journals

The Andalusian trial on heroin-assisted treatment: A 2 year follow-upEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Patients who received HAT showed better outcomes compared with those not on HAT. The results of this study strengthen the evidence showing that HAT can improve and stabilise the health of long-term heroin users with severe comorbidities and high mortality.[Oviedo-Joekes E, March JC, Romero M, Perea-Milla E. The Andalusian trial on heroin assisted treatment: A 2 year follow-up. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - August 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: EUGENIA OVIEDO-JOEKES, JOAN C. MARCH, MANUEL ROMERO, EMILIO PEREA-MILLA Source Type: journals

Benzodiazepine use among heroin users: Baseline use, current use and clinical outcomeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Clinicians should be aware that reductions in benzodiazepine use are associated with reductions in harm, and that baseline benzodiazepine status does not equate to poor long-term outcome. [Darke S, Ross J, Mills K, Teesson M, Williamson A, Havard A. Benzodiazepine use among heroin users: Baseline use, current use and clinical outcome. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - August 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: SHANE DARKE, JOANNE ROSS, KATHERINE MILLS, MAREE TEESSON, ANNA WILLIAMSON, ALYS HAVARD Source Type: journals

Phytocannabinoids, CNS cells and development: A dead issue?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. The neonatal and immature CNS is more susceptible to phytocannabinoid damage. In the adult CNS the data are conflicting and the continued development of methods to assess whether marijuana consumption results in brain atrophy or morphometric changes will determine if structural changes are occurring. [Downer EJ, Campbell VA. Phytocannabinoids, CNS cells and development: A dead issue? Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - August 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: ERIC J. DOWNER, VERONICA A. CAMPBELL Source Type: journals

Ineligibility and refusal to participate in randomised trials of treatments for drug dependenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. Unrepresentative sample selection is a serious problem for randomised trials in the drug dependence field.[Melberg HO, Humphreys K. Ineligibility and refusal to participate in randomised trials of treatments for drug dependence. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - August 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: HANS O. MELBERG, KEITH HUMPHREYS Source Type: journals

The comorbidity of tobacco smoking and gambling: A review of the literatureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. More studies that examine the impact of this comorbidity on rates of tobacco dependence and problem gambling, as well as implications for treatment outcomes, are needed.[McGrath DS, Barrett SP. The comorbidity of tobacco smoking and gambling: A review of the literature. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - August 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: DANIEL S. MCGRATH, SEAN P. BARRETT Source Type: journals

Smoking cessation during pregnancy: A systematic literature reviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. The risk groups that can be defined based on our results are a key target population for preventive measures.[Schneider S, Huy C, Schütz J, Diehl K. Smoking cessation during pregnancy: A systematic literature review. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - August 4, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: SVEN SCHNEIDER, CHRISTINA HUY, JESSICA SCHÜTZ, KATHARINA DIEHL Source Type: journals

Alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems among Vietnamese medical studentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Intervention programs focusing on male students and their social environment are warranted. As Vietnamese society rapidly modernises prevention programs for female students may also be needed. [Pham DB, Clough AR, Nguyen HV, Kim GB, Buettner PG. Alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems among Vietnamese medical students. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: DIEP B. PHAM, ALAN R. CLOUGH, HIEN V. NGUYEN, GIANG B. KIM, PETRA G. BUETTNER Source Type: journals

Surveillance of drug use among young people attending a music festival in Australia, 2005–2008Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Illicit drug use was much more common in this sample than in the National Drug Strategy Household survey, but the direction of trends in drug use were similar; drug use prevalences were much lower than in the Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System, the Illicit Drug Reporting System or National Needle and Syringe Program Survey. Music festival attendees are a potentially useful group for monitoring trends in illicit drug use. [Lim MSC, Hellard ME, Hocking JS, Spelman TD, Aitken CK. Surveillance of drug use among young people attending a music festival in Australia, 2005[ndash]2008. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (S...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - July 7, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: MEGAN S. C. LIM, MARGARET E. HELLARD, JANE S. HOCKING, TIM D. SPELMAN, CAMPBELL K. AITKEN Source Type: journals

Risk factors for suicide attempts in patients with alcohol dependence or abuse and a history of depressive symptoms: A subgroup analysis from the WHO/ISBRA studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. This prognostic model derived from data of the WHO/ISBRA collaborative study shows important risk factors for SA in patients with history of alcohol abuse or dependence and depressive symptoms. [ Yaldizli Ö, Kuhl HC, Graf M, Wiesbeck GA, Wurst FM. Risk factors for suicide attempts in patients with alcohol dependence or abuse and a history of depressive symptoms: A subgroup analysis from the WHO/ISBRA study. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - July 7, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: ÖZGÜR YALDIZLI, HANS CHRISTIAN KUHL, MARC GRAF, GERHARD A. WIESBECK, FRIEDRICH M. WURST Source Type: journals

Offer of financial incentives for unprotected sex in the context of sex workEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Findings highlight the role clients play in contributing to unprotected sex through economic influence and exploitation of CSW drug use. HIV serostatus has no bearing on whether more money is offered for sex without a condom. Novel interventions should target both CSW and clients. [Johnston CL, Callon C, Li K, Wood E, Kerr T. Offer of financial incentives for unprotected sex in the context of sex work. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - July 7, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: CAITLIN L. JOHNSTON, CODY CALLON, KATHY LI, EVAN WOOD, THOMAS KERR Source Type: journals

Anxiolytic and hypnotic drug misuse in Thailand: Findings from a national household surveyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The prevalence of anxiolytic/hypnotic misuse/abuse appears to be lower than that reported from more developed countries, but a small increase in problems resulting from the use of these substances has a disproportionately large effect on the overstretched resources of a developing country. [Assanangkornchai S, Sam-Angsri N, Rerngpongpan S, Edwards JG. Anxiolytic and hypnotic drug misuse in Thailand: Findings from a national household survey. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - July 7, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: SAWITRI ASSANANGKORNCHAI, NISAN SAM-ANGSRI, SIRINPORN RERNGPONGPAN, J. GUY EDWARDS Source Type: journals

Difficulty accessing syringes and syringe borrowing among injection drug users in Bangkok, ThailandEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. We observed an alarmingly high rate of syringe borrowing among a community-recruited sample of Thai IDU. Various lines of evidence indicate that poor access to sterile syringes is driving the high rate of syringe borrowing observed in this study. Immediate action should be taken to increase access to sterile syringes among Thai IDU. [Kerr T, Fairbairn N, Hayashi K, Suwannawong P, Kaplan K, Zhang R, Wood E. Difficulty accessing syringes and syringe borrowing among injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - July 7, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: THOMAS KERR, NADIA FAIRBAIRN, KANNA HAYASHI, PAISAN SUWANNAWONG, KARYN KAPLAN, RUTH ZHANG, EVAN WOOD Source Type: journals

The characteristics of acute non-fatal medication-related events attended by ambulance services in the Melbourne Metropolitan Area 1998–2002Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The majority of non-fatal medication events attended by ambulance paramedics involve one of six substances. Benzodiazepines were most commonly implicated and, as management may require only simple supportive treatment, significant numbers are not transported to hospital. The unique clinical population is identified in this study and the ongoing medical and psychiatric treatment of these patients not transported to hospital in the study period needs to be considered. [Hutton J, Dent A, Buykx P, Burgess S, Flander L, Dietze P. The characteristics of acute non-fatal medication-related events attended by ambulance...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - June 24, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: JENNIE HUTTON, ANDREW DENT, PENNY BUYKX, STEPHEN BURGESS, LOUISA FLANDER, PAUL DIETZE Source Type: journals

Drug injecting in patients in New Zealand Methadone Maintenance Treatment programs: An anonymous surveyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Many individuals on MMT continue to inject their methadone. In this sample, the frequency of injection of methadone did not correlate with prescribed dose or takeaway arrangements. The beneficial impact of time on the programme emphasises the importance of retention in treatment. It is suggested that these results also indicate a need for routine education concerning safe injecting.[Judson G, Bird R, O'Connor P, Bevin T, Loan R, Schroder M, McGrath R, Weatherall M, Moriarty H, Robinson G. Drug injecting in patients in New Zealand Methadone Maintenance Treatment programs: An anonymous survey. Drug Alcohol Rev 2...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - June 21, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: GRAEME JUDSON, RUPERT BIRD, PATRICK O'CONNOR, TIM BEVIN, RICHARD LOAN, MARTIN SCHRODER, RICHARD MCGRATH, MARK WEATHERALL, HELEN MORIARTY, GEOFF ROBINSON Source Type: journals

Psychopathology in methamphetamine-dependent adults 3 years after treatmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. This initial investigation of psychiatric diagnoses in MA users after treatment indicates elevated rates of Axis I and II disorders in this population and underscores the need for integrated psychiatric assessment and intervention in drug abuse treatment settings.[Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ, Marinelli-Casey P, Hillhouse M, Ang A, Rawson RA, The Methamphetamine Treatment Project Corporate Authors. Psychopathology in methamphetamine-dependent adults 3 years after treatment. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - June 21, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: SUZETTE GLASNER-EDWARDS, LARISSA J. MOONEY, PATRICIA MARINELLI-CASEY, MAUREEN HILLHOUSE, ALFONSO ANG, RICHARD A. RAWSON Source Type: journals

Rates of alcohol consumption and risk status among Australian university students vary by assessment questionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The m-DDQ method identified higher rates of drinking and categorised almost twice as many individuals into risky categories of drinking compared with QF. Such variations have major implications for identification of risk groups in health promotion or prevention programs.[Utpala-Kumar R, Deane FP. Rates of alcohol consumption and risk status among Australian university students vary by assessment questions. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - June 21, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: RANJANI UTPALA-KUMAR, FRANK P. DEANE Source Type: journals

An evaluation of a heroin overdose prevention and education campaignEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. While IDU are generally responsive to health promotion campaigns, future initiatives in this domain should be designed and implemented rapidly and in ways that are sufficiently flexible to cope with shifts in drug markets which could influence the reception of key messages.[Horyniak D, Higgs P, Lewis J, Winter R, Dietze P, Aitken C. An evaluation of a heroin overdose prevention and education campaign. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - June 21, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: DANIELLE HORYNIAK, PETER HIGGS, JENNIFER LEWIS, REBECCA WINTER, PAUL DIETZE, CAMPBELL AITKEN Source Type: journals

Issues for sustainability of non-government organisations in the alcohol and other drugs sectorEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Issues identified by the AODS were mostly similar to those identified by the broader non-government organisations sector. There is much to learn from outside the AODS. Strategies to improve sustainability will include workforce development, improving governance and developing relationships within the sector and with government. These require a commitment to innovation and will entail movement of resources from service provision in the short term to organisational development for the long term.[Spooner C, Dadich A. Issues for sustainability of non-government organisations in the alcohol and other drugs sector. ...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - June 21, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: CATHERINE SPOONER, ANN DADICH Source Type: journals

Alcohol use and the Traveller community in the west of IrelandEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Services must aim to take into consideration the cultural needs of Travellers and provide appropriate educational materials, peer education programs and flexible treatment approaches for those Travellers experiencing problematic alcohol use. [Van Hout MC. Alcohol use and the Traveller community in the west of Ireland. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - June 21, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: MARIE CLAIRE VAN HOUT Source Type: journals

Barriers to methamphetamine withdrawal treatment in Australia: Findings from a survey of AOD service providersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that alcohol and other drug service providers are not clear about the best way to respond to clients seeking methamphetamine withdrawal treatment. Furthermore, the study showed a general pessimism about withdrawal treatment for this group. Treatment services should consider improving withdrawal protocols, educating clinicians and reconsidering entry criteria to better respond to methamphetamine users who have made the important first step into withdrawal treatment.[Pennay AE, Lee NK. Barriers to methamphetamine withdrawal treatment in Australia: Findings from a survey of AOD s...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - May 17, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: AMY E. PENNAY, NICOLE K. LEE Source Type: journals

Mortality and cause of death among 1705 illicit drug users: A 37 year follow upEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Accidents and suicide, especially at a young age, are two common causes of death that might be prevented by increased awareness in medical personnel, along with better treatment and supportive measures.[Stenbacka M, Leifman A, Romelsjö A. Mortality and cause of death among 1705 illicit drug users: A 37 year follow up. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - May 17, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: MARLENE STENBACKA, ANDERS LEIFMAN, ANDERS ROMELSJÖ Source Type: journals

Youth retention: Factors associated with treatment drop-out from youth alcohol and other drug treatmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The findings of this study support previous research indicating that fixed client characteristics are not sufficient to explain youth retention in AOD treatment. Of more use are dynamic client characteristics and program variables. These findings stress the potential for improving treatment retention by creating more youth appropriate services.[Schroder R, Sellman D, Frampton C, Deering D. Youth retention: Factors associated with treatment drop-out from youth alcohol and other drug treatment. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - May 17, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: RIA SCHRODER, DOUG SELLMAN, CHRIS FRAMPTON, DARYLE DEERING Source Type: journals

Non–response bias in alcohol and drug population surveysEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. It is concluded that non-response bias is a significant problem in substance use surveys with low response rates but that some adjustments can be made to compensate.[Zhao J, Stockwell T, Macdonald S. Non-response bias in alcohol and drug population surveys. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - May 17, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: JINHUI ZHAO, TIM STOCKWELL, SCOTT MACDONALD Source Type: journals

Assessing the accuracy of self-reported smoking status and impact of passive smoke exposure among pregnant Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women using cotinine biochemical validationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The level of potential error in smoking assessment among this group was substantial. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke might explain part of this error, but the reasons for misreport can only be speculated. This rate of misclassification should be taken into consideration in routine screening of antenatal women in primary health care.[Gilligan C, Sanson-Fisher R, Eades S, Wenitong M, Panaretto K, D'Este C. Assessing the accuracy of self-reported smoking status and impact of passive smoke exposure among pregnant Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women using cotinine biochemical validation. Drug Alcoho...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - May 17, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: CONOR GILLIGAN, ROBERT SANSON-FISHER, SANDRA EADES, MARK WENITONG, KATHRYN PANARETTO, CATHERINE D'ESTE Source Type: journals

Persistence of heroin use despite methadone treatment: Poor coping self-efficacy predicts continued heroin useEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. While heroin use during methadone treatment can partly be explained by inadequate dosing, our data suggest a more complex picture with significant contribution from poor coping self-efficacy. Efforts aimed at enhancing and maintaining the patients' self-efficacy and social skills are likely to improve heroin and other drug use outcomes with added benefits for treatment completion rates and the throughput of methadone programs.[Senbanjo R, Wolff K, Marshall EJ, Strang J. Persistence of heroin use despite methadone treatment: Poor coping self-efficacy predicts continued heroin use. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - April 26, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: RICHARD SENBANJO, KIM WOLFF, E. JANE MARSHALL, JOHN STRANG Source Type: journals

The use of drug detection dogs in Sydney, AustraliaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The present study suggests that regular ecstasy users do not see detection dogs as an obstacle to their drug use. Future research is necessary to explore in greater depth the experiences that drug users have with detection dogs; the effect detection dogs may have on deterring drug consumption; whether encounters with detection dogs contribute to drug-related harm; and the cost[ndash]benefit analysis of this law enforcement exercise. [Dunn M, Degenhardt L. The use of drug detection dogs in Sydney, Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: MATTHEW DUNN, LOUISA DEGENHARDT Source Type: journals

An investigation into whether clients and/or their respective clinicians are aware of pending service exit in the first two months of treatment admissionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. These findings suggest that service exit that occurs within the first 2 months of treatment admission may be largely unpredictable and that, as a result of this unpredictability, the opportunities for a targeted response may be limited.[Pulford J, Adams P, Sheridan J. An investigation into whether clients and/or their respective clinicians are aware of pending service exit in the first two months of treatment admission. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: JUSTIN PULFORD, PETER ADAMS, JANIE SHERIDAN Source Type: journals

Five-year longitudinal study of cannabis users in three remote Aboriginal communities in Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, AustraliaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Introduction and Aims. To examine predictors of cannabis use at 5 year follow up in an Australian Aboriginal cohort. Design and Methods. A longitudinal study consisting of two waves of data collection 5 years apart was conducted. Of the 100 Aboriginal residents (aged 13[ndash]36 years) interviewed about cannabis use in 2001, 83 were re-interviewed in 2005[ndash]2006 from three remote communities in Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia. Self-reported cannabis use was categorised at each time point (none; former use, quit[ge]3 months; lighter use, (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: K. S. KYLIE LEE, KATHERINE M. CONIGRAVE, ALAN R. CLOUGH, TIMOTHY A. DOBBINS, MURIEL J. JARAGBA, GEORGE C. PATTON Source Type: journals

Preventing relapse in incarcerated drug users in Yunnan Province, ChinaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. While a combination of these measures could help in some way to reduce rates of relapse following detention, given the failure of the detoxification/detention regimes to reduce drug use, consideration must be given to other approaches.[Zhu WX, Dong JQ, Hesketh T. Preventing relapse in incarcerated drug users in Yunnan Province, China. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: WEI XING ZHU, JIA QIANG DONG, THERESE HESKETH Source Type: journals

Fluctuations in male ischaemic heart disease mortality in Russia 1959–1998: Assessing the importance of alcoholEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The results provide additional empirical evidence supporting alcohol's conceivable negative effects on IHD in Russia and the idea that binge drinking could be the mechanism through which this effect is mediated. There were no signs of any protective effects from alcohol among Russian men.[Ramstedt M. Fluctuations in male ischaemic heart disease mortality in Russia 1959[ndash]1998: Assessing the importance of alcohol. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 25, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: MATS RAMSTEDT Source Type: journals

Poor criterion validity of self-reported hepatitis B infection and vaccination status among injecting drug users: A reviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. Self-reported histories should not be used in lieu of serological testing when assessing infection history or immunisation status. Poor criterion validity also indicates that self-reports of HBV infection status should not be used to estimate the prevalence and incidence of this infection. Due to their low sensitivity, self-reports of HBV infection should at best be considered only as a lower bound prevalence estimate.[Topp L, Day C, Dore GJ, Maher L. Poor criterion validity of self-reported hepatitis B infection and vaccination status among injecting drug users: A review. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 25, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: LIBBY TOPP, CAROLYN DAY, GREGORY J. DORE, LISA MAHER Source Type: journals

Antwerp Drugs and Alcohol Monitor: A Belgian local drug scene in the pictureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Provided that repeated measurements are made, a local drug monitor can inform policymakers, treatment experts, etc. on developments and phenomena concerning drug use. However, the ADAM is a qualitative drug-monitoring system, and it must be emphasised that a combined monitor is more efficient. Indeed, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods enhances the reliability of the results.[Tieberghien J, Decorte T. Antwerp Drugs and Alcohol Monitor: A Belgian local drug scene in the picture. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 25, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: JULIE TIEBERGHIEN, TOM DECORTE Source Type: journals

Patterns of substance use in male incarcerated drug users in Sri LankaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. The pattern of drug use was similar to those reported in nearby countries. However, the increasing prevalence of injecting drug use and risk-taking sexual behaviour is a concern. There is an urgent need to develop effective treatment strategies and to prevent the spread of HIV and hepatitis in Sri Lanka.[Dissabandara LO, Dias SR, Dodd PR, Stadlin A. Patterns of substance use in male incarcerated drug users in Sri Lanka. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 25, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: LAKAL O. DISSABANDARA, SHAVINDRA R. DIAS, PETER R. DODD, ALFREDA STADLIN Source Type: journals

Drugs and Psychosis Project: A multi-centre European study on comorbidityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Cross-cultural differences in the sociodemographic characteristics of the comorbid patient population give us a better insight into this heterogenous group.[Baldacchino A, Blair H, Scherbaum N, Grosse-Vehne E, Riglietta M, Tidone L, Criaco C, Marelli MC, Sommer B, Tan L, Little H, Ghodse H. Drugs and Psychosis Project: A multi-centre European study on comorbidity. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 25, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: ALEX BALDACCHINO, HANNAH BLAIR, NORBERT SCHERBAUM, EVA GROSSE-VEHNE, MARCO RIGLIETTA, LAURA TIDONE, CATERINA CRIACO, MARIA C. MARELLI, BORGE SOMMER, LIZ TAN, HILARY LITTLE, HAMID GHODSE Source Type: journals

From the brain to bad behaviour and back again: Neurocognitive and psychobiological mechanisms of driving while impaired by alcoholEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. Multidimensional research in DWI and recidivism offers novel avenues for increasing road safety.[Brown TG, Ouimet MC, Nadeau L, Gianoulakis C, Lepage M, Tremblay J, Dongier M. From the brain to bad behaviour and back again: Neurocognitive and psychobiological mechanisms of driving while impaired by alcohol. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - February 26, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: THOMAS G. BROWN, MARIE CLAUDE OUIMET, LOUISE NADEAU, CHRISTINA GIANOULAKIS, MARTIN LEPAGE, JACQUES TREMBLAY, MAURICE DONGIER Source Type: journals

Warnings on alcohol containers and advertisements: International experience and evidence on effectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. Alcohol warning labels are an increasingly popular alcohol policy initiative. It is clear that warning labels can be ineffective, but the tobacco experience suggests that effective warning labels are possible. Any introduction of alcohol warning labels should be evaluated in terms of effects on attitudes and behaviour.[Wilkinson C, Room R. Warnings on alcohol containers and advertisements: International experience and evidence on effects. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - February 26, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: CLAIRE WILKINSON, ROBIN ROOM Source Type: journals

Evaluation of a training program to improve clinicians' assessment of patient stabilityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. This evaluation demonstrates that it is possible to implement a targeted clinical training package to staff that translates into positive changes in clinical practice.[Winstock AR, Lea T. Evaluation of a training program to improve clinicians' assessment of patient stability. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - February 25, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: ADAM R. WINSTOCK, TOBY LEA Source Type: journals

Predictors of 3-month retention in a drug treatment therapeutic communityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The retention rate is consistent with other studies. Few variables predict those who discontinue treatment supporting a non-discriminatory approach to new residents by clinicians.[Mulder RT, Frampton CMA, Peka H, Hampton G, Marsters T. Predictors of 3-month retention in a drug treatment therapeutic community. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] (Source: Drug and Alcohol Review)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - February 25, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: ROGER T. MULDER, CHRISTOPHER M. A. FRAMPTON, HATAREI PEKA, GAVIN HAMPTON, TAU MARSTERS Source Type: journals