Ecotoxicology and Environmental SafetyThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the latest items in this publication.

620 records returned

Ecotoxicological effects of aluminum and zinc on growth and antioxidants in Lemna minor L.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study aimed at investigating effects of zinc and aluminum (0.15 and 0.3mM) in duckweed (Lemna minor L.) over a 15-day period. High bioaccumulation of both metals was accompanied by an increase in dry weight under higher metal treatments. Antioxidant response was observed under both metal stresses, with large increases in superoxide dismutase and peroxidases. Catalase activity declined only in duckweed exposed to Zn while lipid peroxidation as well as H(2)O(2), proline and ascorbate levels increased. The results suggest induction of oxidative stress under both aluminum and zinc toxicity, and also demonstrate...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Radić S, Babić M, Skobić D, Roje V, Pevalek-Kozlina B Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Implementing Lecane quadridentata acute toxicity tests to assess the toxic effects of selected metals (Al, Fe and Zn)(,).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An environmental study revealed that three metals (Al, Fe and Zn) are common in the San Pedro River (SPR) (Aguascalientes, Mexico). Regrettably, in many samples the concentrations of these metals exceeded the maximum allowed toxicant concentrations levels as defined in by Mexican legislation. The highest concentrations of the three metals were found during the 2005 dry season, with elevated Al concentrations present along the entire river. Not surprisingly, the highest concentrations for all three metals came from locations adjacent to industrial areas. Estimates of the contribution of these metals to total toxicity re...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Torres Guzmán F, González FJ, Rico Martínez R Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Toxicity of selected pesticides to freshwater shrimp, Paratya australiensis (Decapoda: Atyidae): Use of time series acute toxicity data to predict chronic lethality.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Toxicity of six pesticides (carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, dimethoate, diuron and fenarimol) to the freshwater shrimp, Paratya australiensis was assessed after 96h exposures. Of the six pesticides tested, alpha cypermethrin was the most toxic to the shrimp followed by chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, dimethoate, fenarimol and diuron. Regression methods for predicting chronic toxicity (lethality) from acute lethality data with shrimp were developed and compared, and it was found that the log-log model gives the most reliable predictions of the probability of death as a function of extended exposure times. Based on this mo...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Kumar A, Correll R, Grocke S, Bajet C Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Determining cadmium critical concentrations in natural soils by assessing Collembola mortality, reproduction and growth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The toxicity of cadmium for the Collembola Folsomia candida was studied by determining the effects of increasing Cd concentrations on growth, survival and reproduction in three cultivated and forested soils with different pH (4.5-8.2) and organic matter content (1.6-16.5%). The Cd concentration in soil CaCl(2) exchangeable fraction, in soil solution and in Collembola body was determined. At similar total soil concentrations, the Cd concentration in soil solutions strongly decreased with increasing pH. Reproduction was the most sensitive parameter. Low organic matter content was a limiting factor for reproduction. Effec...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Bur T, Probst A, Bianco A, Gandois L, Crouau Y Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Comparative toxicity of cadmium in the commercial fish species Sparus aurata and Solea senegalensis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The induction of metallothionein-like proteins (MTLPs) as well as cadmium levels (Cd) was studied in tissues of gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata and flatfish Solea senegalensis after an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cadmium (2.5mgkg(-1) body weight). The liver, gills, intestine and blood of S. aurata as well as the liver and intestine of S. senegalensis were collected for analysis at 0, 3 and 6 days after the injection. Cd levels significantly increased in all tissues of the treated animals, and the highest accumulation was found in the liver in both species (p<0.05). Cadmium administration provoked significan...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Kalman J, Riba I, Angel Delvalls T, Blasco J Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Biomarkers and heavy metal bioaccumulation in mussels transplanted to coastal waters of the Beagle Channel.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to assess the quality of coastal waters of Ushuaia Bay by measuring catalase activity, lipid peroxidation, total lipid content, bioaccumulation of heavy metals and condition index in transplanted mussel Mytilus edulis chilensis. Biomarkers except condition index showed significant differences among exposure times as well as among tissues. Digestive gland presented the highest catalase activity, malondialdehyde level and total lipid content. Digestive gland also was the main target tissue of accumulation of iron and copper, while gill accumulated the highest levels of zinc. A principal compon...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Giarratano E, Duarte CA, Amin OA Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Melatonin administration ameliorates cadmium-induced oxidative stress and morphological changes in the liver of rat.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The oxidative status and the morphological changes of liver of rats exposed to cadmium (5mgCd/kg body weight subcutaneously) for 22 days and the protective role of melatonin (10mg/kg b.w.) against the toxicity of cadmium was studied. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as the concentration of glutathione (GSH) was measured in the liver. The morphological changes were investigated using both light and electron microscopes. The exposure to Cd led to an increase of MDA levels and a decrease of both the acti...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: El-Sokkary GH, Nafady AA, Shabash EH Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Protective effects of Selenium (Se) on Chromium (VI) induced nephrotoxicity in adult rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was focused on investigating the possible protective effect of Se against K(2)Cr(2)O(7). Female Wistar rats, used in this study, were divided into four groups of six animals each: group I served as control which received standard diet; group II received orally only K(2)Cr(2)O(7) (700ppm equivalent to 67mg/kgbw); group III received both K(2)Cr(2)O(7) and Se (0.5mg/kg of diet); group IV received Se (0.5mg Na(2)SeO(3)/kg of diet). The exposure of rats to K(2)Cr(2)O(7) for 21 days provoked renal damages with a significant increase in kidney malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, plasma creatinine, and uric acid leve...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Soudani N, Sefi M, Ben Amara I, Boudawara T, Zeghal N Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Genotoxicity assessment in aquatic environment impacted by the presence of heavy metals.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to access the genotoxic potential of Extremoz Lake waters in Northeastern Brazilian coast, using the Allium cepa system, piscine micronucleus test and comet assay. In addition, heavy metal levels were quantified by atomic absorption flame spectrometry. The results of the A. cepa system showed significant changes in the frequency of chromosome aberrations and in the mitotic index compared to negative control. No significant changes were observed in micronuclei frequency in the erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus. The comet assay showed a statistically significant alteration in the level of DN...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 10, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Barbosa JS, Cabral TM, Ferreira DN, Agnez-Lima LF, Batistuzzo de Medeiros SR Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Effects of sub-chronic exposure to terbutryn in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The sub-chronic effects of terbutryn at concentrations 0.02 (reported concentration in Czech rivers), 4, 20, and 40mugL(-1) were assessed in one-year-old common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) exposed for 28 days and compared to a non-treated control group. Its influence on biometric parameters, hematology, blood biochemistry, and histology was investigated. Exposure to terbutryn at 0.02mugL(-1) showed no observable effect, whereas exposure to 4, 20, and 40mugL(-1) showed significantly higher erythrocyte counts, ammonia levels, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and lactate, but significantly...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Velisek J, Sudova E, Machova J, Svobodova Z Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Cytosolic distribution of Cd, Cu and Zn, and metallothionein levels in relation to physiological changes in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) from metal-impacted habitats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study the impact of environmental metal contamination in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) was investigated coupling disturbances in subcellular metal distribution to effect biomarkers. Gibel carp were caught at six different sampling sites in Flanders (Belgium), characterized by different degrees in environmental metal contamination. Tissue Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations and total metallothioneon (MT) levels were determined in gills, liver and kidney. Cytosolic metal distribution was measured in the main accumulating organs, liver and kidney, revealing tissue- and metal-dependent profiles. The MT poo...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 7, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Van Campenhout K, Goenaga Infante H, Hoff PT, Moens L, Goemans G, Belpaire C, Adams F, Blust R, Bervoets L Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

II: Effects of a dopamine receptor antagonist on fathead minnow dominance behavior and ovarian gene expression in the fathead minnow and zebrafish.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study considered haloperidol's potential effects on behavior and ovarian gene expression. Male fathead minnows exposed to 50mug haloperidol/L for 96h were found to be significantly more dominant than control males. In terms of molecular signaling, investigated using oligonucleotide microarrays, there was little similarity in the identity and functions of genes differentially expressed in the ovaries of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) versus zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed under the same conditions. Results suggest that non-lethal concentrations of haloperidol do not induce ovarian molecular responses that could ...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 5, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Villeneuve DL, Garcia-Reyero N, Martinović D, Mueller ND, Cavallin JE, Durhan EJ, Makynen EA, Jensen KM, Kahl MD, Blake LS, Perkins EJ, Ankley GT Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Short-term exposure to sublethal tebuconazole induces physiological impairment in male zebrafish (Danio rerio).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of the present study was to assess the physiological response of male zebrafish Danio rerio to the fungicide tebuconazole and recovery in fungicide-free water. Acute toxicity tests were carried out and the median lethal concentration (LC(50)) from 24 to 96h was calculated. The fish were exposed to a sublethal fungicide concentration of 230mug/L for 7 or 14 days and allowed to recover for 7 or 14 more days, respectively. Whole-body levels of vitellogenins, triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, lactate and proteins as well as the activities gamma-glutamil transpeptidase (gamma-GT), alanin aminotransferase (AlAT), ...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 5, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Sancho E, Villarroel MJ, Fernández C, Andreu E, Ferrando MD Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Responses of phytoplankton upon exposure to a mixture of acid mine drainage and high levels of nutrient pollution in Lake Loskop, South Africa.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The relationships between water quality and the phytoplankton community within Lake Loskop were studied during the late summer and autumn of 2008 to evaluate the impacts of acid mine drainage and high nutrient concentrations. The higher concentrations of metal ions and sulphate had adverse effects on certain phytoplankton species in the inflowing riverine zone of Lake Loskop, in comparison to the reference site in the lacustrine zone of the lake, which was dominated by the larger and slower growing late summer species of Coelastrum reticulum Nägeli, Straurastrum anatinum Meyen ex Ralfs and Ceratium hirundinella M&...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 5, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Oberholster PJ, Myburgh JG, Ashton PJ, Botha AM Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Acute toxicity and effects of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquids on green algae.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study, the acute toxicity of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C(n)mim]Br) on the green algal Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella ellipsoidea was determined. The length of alkyl side chain of these imidazolium ionic liquids were C(4), C(6), C(8), C(10) and C(12). The primary production of S. obliquus was also assessed after they were exposed to 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50 and 1.00mg/L of [C(10)mim]Br for 96h. The results showed that the acute toxicity of these ionic liquids was positively correlated with the alkyl chain length. Meanwhile, the concentration of the ionic liquid strongly influenced the primar...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 5, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ma JM, Cai LL, Zhang BJ, Hu LW, Li XY, Wang JJ Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

The effects of pollution on the vitamins A, E, C, beta-carotene contents and oxidative stress of the freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we determined the effects of pollution on levels of antioxidant vitamins (A, E, C), beta-carotene and malondialdehyde (MDA), in the hepatopancreas and muscle tissues of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus). The crayfish samples were collected from Aydincik (unpolluted control site) and Ağin (polluted site) in the Keban Dam Lake (Elazig-Turkey) in August 2007. The results showed that the concentrations of vitamins E, C and beta-carotene in both tissues were significantly lower, and MDA levels were higher than in controls. There were no significant alterations in vitamin A levels. In comparison am...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 22, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Barim O, Karatepe M Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

The species sensitivity distribution approach compared to a microcosm study: A case study with the fungicide fluazinam.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We assessed the sensitivity of freshwater organisms (invertebrates and algae) to the fungicide Shirlan((R)) (active ingredient fluazinam) in single-species laboratory tests and in microcosms. Species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curves were constructed by means of acute toxicity data for 14 invertebrate species, since algae were much less sensitive. The EC(10)-based SSD gave a median HC(5) value of 0.6mugL(-1) and a 90% confidence interval of 0.1-1.9mugL(-1). The EC(50)-based SSD gave a median HC(5) value of 3.9mugL(-1) (90% confidence interval: 0.9-9.9mugL(-1)). The microcosms were treated four times with Shirlan((R...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 15, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: van Wijngaarden RP, Arts GH, Belgers JD, Boonstra H, Roessink I, Schroer AF, Brock TC Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Tungsten speciation and toxicity: Acute toxicity of mono- and poly-tungstates to fish.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this work is a comparative assessment of the acute toxicity of monotungstates (sodium tungstate, Na(2)WO(4)) and polytungstates (sodium metatungstate, 3Na(2)WO(4).9WO(3)) to Poecilia reticulate. The experiments have been performed according to the OEDC protocols 203 and 204. LD50 values for 1-14 days show that sodium metatungstate is significantly more toxic to fish than sodium tungstate. Based on LD50 (0.86-3.88gL(-1) or 4.67-21.1x10(-3)molNa(2)WO(4)L(-1)), sodium tungstate may be classified as a chemical of low toxicity to fish. Sodium metatungstate caused similar fish mortality to sodium tungstate when ...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 14, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Strigul N, Koutsospyros A, Christodoulatos C Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Famoxadone residue and dissipation in watermelon and soil.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The residue levels and dissipation rate of famoxadone in watermelon and soil were determined by HPLC-UVD. The LODs for famoxadone in watermelon, peel, flesh and soil were 0.002mg/kg (0.004mg/kg in leaf). The fortified recoveries ranged from 84.91% to 99.41% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.06-4.50%. The dissipation of famoxadone residue over the time in watermelon leaf and soil fitted to the equation C(T)=19.695e(-0.078T) and C(T)=1.369e(-0.129T). The half-lives (T(1/2)) of famoxadone in watermelon leaf and soil were 9.7 and 5.5 days, respectively. The final residue in watermelon was lower than 0.1mg/kg at...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Liu C, Qin D, Zhao Y, Pan C, Jiang S, Liu F Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

A Bayesian approach for determining the no effect concentration and hazardous concentration in ecotoxicology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper describes a Bayesian modeling approach to the estimation of the no effect concentration (NEC) and the hazardous concentration (HC(x)) as an alternative to conventional methods based on NOECs - the no observed effect concentration. The advantage of the proposed method is that it combines a plausible model for dose-response data with prior information or belief about the model's parameters to generate posterior distributions for the parameters - one of those being the NEC. The posterior distribution can be used to derive point and interval estimates for the NEC as well as providing uncertainty bounds when used...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Fox DR Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Mixture effects of the nonylphenyl polyethoxylate, R-11 and the insecticide, imidacloprid on population growth rate and other parameters of the crustacean, Ceriodaphnia dubia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The toxicity of the nonylphenol polyethoxylate, R-11 and the neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid were evaluated on the crustacean, Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard. These compounds were evaluated separately and as a mixture because they are applied for pest control and may exist as a binary mixture in surface water. Acute mortality estimates (48h) were developed followed by population-level studies after chronic exposure. LC50s and 95% CL for R-11 and imidacloprid were 9241 (8521-9842)mug/l and 2.1 (1.1-3.4)mug/l, respectively. In the population study, C. dubia were exposed to concentrations equivalent to the acute LC25 ...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chen XD, Culbert E, Hebert V, Stark JD Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Cerium caused life span shortening and oxidative stress resistance in Drosophila melanogaster.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To investigate the effects of the rare earth element cerium (Ce) on the life span and biomarkers of oxidative stress in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). Fruit flies were fed on media with different dose of ceric sulfate (1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 1024mg/L, corresponding to cerium concentrations of 0.45, 1.65, 6.91, 26.3, 104, and 429mug/g culture medium). Mean life span, maximum life span, and fertility were calculated. There was a significant decrease in mean life span and maximum life span with increasing doses of cerium. At some concentrations, there was a decrease in reproductive output, especially concentrations ...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Huang SF, Li ZY, Wang XQ, Wang QX, Hu FF Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Toxicity of haloacetic acids to freshwater algae.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present a range of algal toxicity studies conducted on five different algal species and two HAAs and observed no toxicity of TCA to C. pyrenoidosa at 115mgL(-1). The most sensitive species to TCA (NOEC, 3mgL(-1)) were Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Scenedesmus subspicatus, demonstrating that the toxicity of TCA to algae is over two orders of magnitude less sensitive than previously reported. PMID: 19828197 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety)
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Roberts JF, van Egmond R, Price OR Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Leaching and transformability of transgenic DNA in unsaturated soil columns.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Unsaturated soil columns were used to examine the transport of the plasmid pLEPO1 and plant DNA (transplastomic tobacco DNA), both carrying an antibiotic resistance gene (aadA gene), and the capacity of bacteria to incorporate the gene in their genome after its passage through the soil. Soil columns containing a top leaf layer had sterile water percolated through them at a rate of 0.5mLh(-1). DNA from column leachate water was extracted and analyzed. Quantitative measurements included total DNA concentrations in the water and the transformation frequencies of Acinetobacter sp. BD413 by DNA in the column effluent. Quali...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Poté J, Teresa Ceccherini M, Rosselli W, Wildi W, Simonet P, Vogel TM Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Bioaccumulation markers and biochemical responses in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) raised under different environmental conditions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Site- and season-specific biochemical responses and bioaccumulations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analysed in tissues from sea bass raised under four different environmental conditions and sampled in April and July. Samples were analysed for condition factor (CF), liver somatic index (LSI), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, and glycogen and lactate contents. Results showed the presence of PCBs and DDTs, with site- and season-specific variations in its concentrations. CFs did not differ significantly, while LSIs in samples from two of the four sites decreased betw...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 8, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Greco L, Serrano R, Blanes MA, Serrano E, Capri E Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Mercury and heavy metal profiles of maternal and umbilical cord RBCs in Japanese population.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mercury (Hg) and other heavy metal profiles, namely, lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and selenium (Se) were investigated in maternal and umbilical cord (cord) red blood cells (RBCs) at parturition in Japanese population. Correlation coefficients of Hg, Pb, As, Cd, and Se between maternal and cord RBCs were 0.91, 0.79, 0.89, 0.31, and 0.76, respectively, and the respective means of cord/maternal RBCs ratios were 1.63, 0.52, 0.62, 0.12, and 1.18. These results indicate that fetal exposure to these metals (excluding Cd) strongly reflected each maternal exposure level. Among these metals, the placental transfer of m...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 8, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Sakamoto M, Murata K, Kubota M, Nakai K, Satoh H Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Heavy metals in Macoma balthica and extractable metals in sediments from the southern Baltic Sea.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Co and Cd in soft tissues of Macoma balthica and their extractable forms in the adjacent sediments from 15 sampling sites in the southern Baltic Sea were determined by AAS. The samples were collected during cruises of M/S Hestia and R/V Baltica in July-August 2006. In order to estimate the degree of element bioaccumulation in the molluscs with respect to their extractable forms of the associated sediments, the bioaccumulation factor (BF) was calculated. ANOVA clearly indicates spatial differences between the concentrations of the metals, and factor analysis (FA) confirms that spati...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 8, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Hendożko E, Szefer P, Warzocha J Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Tolerance of arsenate-induced stress in Aspergillus niger, a possible candidate for bioremediation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The arsenate tolerance limit in wild-type Aspergillus niger was determined. Because of its high tolerance, toxic effects of arsenate concentrations ranging from 25 to 100mg/L were investigated in regard to growth, intracellular thiols, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of wild-type A. niger. Cellular arsenate uptake was analyzed. Activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were assayed. Growth of A. niger increased at 25mg/L arsenate, and it survived up to 100mg/L. MDA, intracellular thiol and proline contents increased up to a certain ...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mukherjee A, Das D, Kumar Mondal S, Biswas R, Kumar Das T, Boujedaini N, R A Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Genotoxicity of two pathogenic strains of zoosporic fungi (Achlya klebsiana and Aphanomyces laevis) on erythrocytes of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present work we have described the genotoxic potential of two pathogenic strains of zoosporic fungi (Achlya klebsiana and Aphanomyces laevis) on erythrocytes of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus for the first time by three complementary tests: micronucleus test (MN), nuclear lesions (NL) and comet assay (CA). The groups exposed to the zoosporic fungi subjected to the MN and NL test showed statistically significant differences in MN and NL frequencies with respect to the control one. Also, a significant increase (p<0.001) in micronuclei and nuclear lesions frequencies were recorded with the increase...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Osman A, Ali E, Hashem M, Mostafa M, Mekkawy I Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Effects of ammonium on the antioxidative response in Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle plants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To investigate ammonium toxicity, the submerged plant Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle was treated with 0.1-3.0mM ammonium for 12h and 4d. After exposure to ammonium for 4d, content of O(2)(-) and H(2)O(2) increased in leaves of H. verticillata exposed to 3mM ammonium compared with control (0mM NH(4)Cl), while the malondialdehyde content decreased. The chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoid concentrations decreased in H. verticillata plants exposed to 1.5-3mM ammonium for 12h and 4d. Compared with controls, the activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathi...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Wang C, Zhang SH, Wang PF, Li W, Lu J Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Relationships between organohalogen contaminants and blood plasma clinical-chemical parameters in chicks of three raptor species from Northern Norway.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) may affect various physiological parameters in birds including blood chemistry. We therefore examined blood plasma clinical-chemical parameters and OHCs in golden eagle, white-tailed eagle and goshawk chicks from Northern Norway. Correlation analyses on pooled data showed that alkaline phosphatase (ALKP), glucose and creatinine were significantly negatively correlated to various OHCs (all: p<0.05; r: -0.43 to -0.55; n=23), while alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), total protein, cholesterol, uric acid, total bilirubin, ratios protein:creatinine and uric acid:creatinine were significant...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - October 1, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Sonne C, Bustnes JO, Herzke D, Jaspers VL, Covaci A, Halley DJ, Moum T, Eulaers I, Eens M, Ims RA, Hanssen SA, Einar Erikstad K, Johnsen T, Schnug L, Rigét FF, Jensen AL Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

The interaction of methyl-parathion with serum and albumin of the neo-tropical fish Piaractus mesopotamicus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The interaction of methyl-parathion with serum and albumin of pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, was studied, using the fluorescence quenching technique. Pacu is a neo-tropical fish specie inhabitant of rivers from western regions of Brazil. Methyl-parathion (O,O-dimethyl O-p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) is an organophosphorous pesticide still used in agriculture and fish farming in many countries. The quenching of fluorescence can be mathematically expressed by the Stern-Volmer equation to calculate quenching constants. Stern-Volmer curves analysis is able to give important information about the pesticide-albumin interac...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Silva D, Cortez-Moreira M, Cunha Bastos VL, Cunha Bastos J, Martins Cortez C Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Tissue trace and major element levels in organophosphate insecticide fenthion (Lebaycid((R))) toxicity in rats: Prophylactic and therapeutic effect of exogenous melatonin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, according to the results of the present study the major findings are that the fenthion-treated rat's tissue element levels were effected and the melatonin may normalize the altered levels of some trace and major elements of the tissues in organophosphate toxicity. PMID: 19800688 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety)
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Cemek M, Emin Büyükokuroğlu M, Yürümez Y, Yavuz Y, Aslan A, Büyükben A, Aymelek F Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Is the polychaete, Perinereis rullieri (Pilato 1974), a reliable indicator of PCB and PAH contaminants in coastal sediments?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A field survey in a transitional environment (lagoon of Venice, Italy) and a laboratory exposure experiment were carried out to validate the use of polychaetes, Perinereis rullieri, as indicators of PCB and PAH contaminants in the sediments. Results from the field study showed that PCBs, predominantly the hexa- and hepta-chlorinated biphenyls, were promptly bioaccumulated in the tissues of P. rullieri, whereas PAH levels were generally low and fluctuating among seasons. Organisms experimentally exposed to natural polluted sediments bioaccumulated all the examined PCB congeners, whereas those exposed to the reference se...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 29, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Nesto N, Cassin D, Da Ros L Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Photosynthetic and fluorescence responses of Solanum melangena L. to field application of dimethoate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The organophosphorus insecticide dimethoate, at field concentration (1.419+/-0.086mga.i.g(-1)fr.wt. of leaf tissue) did not cause any significant degradation of chlorophylls and carotenoids in Solanum melangena L. On the other hand, there was significant reduction of photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance during 6h after spray application of the insecticide. Distinct change of OJIP fluorescence transient with increase of J and I rise and corresponding decrease in P rise was observed during 6h after insecticide application. The fluorescence parameters, viz., relative variable fluorescence at J level (V(j...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mohapatra PK, Khillar R, Hansdah B, Mohanty RC Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Incorporation of 28-d Leptocheirus plumulosus toxicity data in a sediment weight-of-evidence framework.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A series of side-by-side trials were conducted to evaluate the variability of 28-d Leptocheirus plumulosus amphipod toxicity test data using existing and modified test protocols. One modification included examination of the influence of press-sieving on the sediment chemistry and the toxicity data. Press-sieving sediment did not reduce the variability in the toxicity data and also contributed uncertainty to the chemistry data. The second modification involved determining the sex of surviving adult amphipods so that the reproduction data could be measured as offspring/surviving female instead of only as offspring/surviv...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: McDonald BG, McPherson CA, Dewynter R, Kickham P, Brown C Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Toxicity of hexachloronaphthalene (HxCN) and induction of CYP 1A in rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, LOAEL is 1mg HxCN/kgb.w. PMID: 19783048 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety)
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 24, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Kilanowicz A, Skrzypinska-Gawrysiak M Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

I. Effects of a dopamine receptor antagonist on fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, reproduction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study is the first to apply the fathead minnow 21d reproduction assay developed for the US Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of a model neuroendocrine active chemical, the dopamine 2 receptor antagonist, haloperidol. Continuous exposure to up to 20mughaloperidol/L had no significant effects on fathead minnow fecundity, secondary sex characteristics, gonad histology, or plasma steroid and vitellogenin concentrations. The only significant effect observed was an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (cGnRH) transcripts in the male brain. Results suggest that non-lethal conce...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 24, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Villeneuve DL, Garcia-Reyero N, Martinović D, Mueller ND, Cavallin JE, Durhan EJ, Makynen EA, Jensen KM, Kahl MD, Blake LS, Perkins EJ, Ankley GT Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Toxicodynamics of subacute co-exposure to groundwater contaminant arsenic and analgesic-antipyretic drug acetaminophen in rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Arsenic is an environmental contaminant, while acetaminophen is an extensively used nonsteroidal analgesic-antipyretic drug. We evaluated whether subacute co-exposure to arsenic and acetaminophen would produce more toxicity than that caused by exposure to either of the xenobiotics in rats. Toxicity was evaluated through changes in body weight, feed consumption, liver weight and microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in liver. Arsenic had no effect on body weight and feed consumption. Acetaminophen-mediated decrease in body weight was attenuated in the co-exposed rats. Acetaminophen al...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 23, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Manimaran A, Nath Sarkar S, Sankar P Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Toxic effects of heavy metals and their accumulation in vegetables grown in a saline soil.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of heavy metals on biomass, chlorophyll, and antioxidative enzyme activities of eight vegetables grown in a saline soil. The heavy metal accumulation in vegetables was also investigated. Results show that biomass and chlorophyll content of crops decreased with the increase of heavy metal concentration while peroxidase activity increased at low concentration and decreased at high concentration. The total translocation factor values in the eight vegetables are in order: water spinach>Chinese kale>pakchoi>edible amaranth>leaf mustard>Chinese flowering...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 22, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Li Q, Cai S, Mo C, Chu B, Peng L, Yang F Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

The association between osteocalcin gene polymorphism and dental fluorosis among children exposed to fluoride in People's Republic of China.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, OC HindIII polymorphisms may not be a useful genetic marker for differential risk of dental fluorosis among children in PR China. PMID: 19767102 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety)
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 17, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ba Y, Huang H, Yang Y, Cui L, Zhu J, Zhu C, Liu J, Zhang Y Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Toxicity of acid mine pit lake water remediated with limestone and phosphorus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pit lakes are increasingly common worldwide and have potential to provide many benefits. However, lake water toxicity may require remediation before beneficial end uses can be realised. Three treatments to remediate AMD (pH approximately 4.8) pit lake water containing elevated concentrations of Al and Zn from Collie, Western Australia were tested in mesocosms. Treatments were: (a) limestone neutralisation (L), (b) phosphorus amendment (P), and (c) combined limestone neutralisation and phosphorus amendment (L+P). Laboratory bioassays with Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia, Chlorella protothecoides and Tetrahymena thermophila asses...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 17, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Neil LL, McCullough CD, Lund MA, Evans LH, Tsvetnenko Y Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Condition and pyloric caeca as indicators of food web effects in fish living in metal-contaminated lakes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Variations in fish condition, pyloric caeca (PC) mass and tissue metal concentrations were examined in two consecutive summers in yellow perch collected along two polymetallic gradients in Canada, Sudbury (ON) and Rouyn-Noranda (QC). The potential of PC mass variations to help interpret food web-mediated changes in condition was also evaluated. The lack of relationships between PC weight and condition, even in reference lakes, indicated that factors other than feeding rate influenced fish condition. Inter-annual variations in fish condition (12-58%), PC weight (14-20%) and tissue metal concentrations (30-550%) were oft...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Gauthier C, Campbell PG, Couture P Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

The impact of an additional ecotoxicity test on ecological quality standards.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study aims to support decisions on whether or not to perform an extra toxicity test in order to improve environmental quality standards (EQSs). The impact of an additional ecotoxicity test was analyzed by predicting new ecotoxicity values with three different estimation methods and adding them to existing species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) on which the EQSs are based. The results show that EQSs are likely to increase due to increasing sample size, but the change also depends on the number of toxicity values available, the estimation method used and the representativeness of the species tested. The man...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Henning-de Jong I, Ragas AM, Hendriks HW, Huijbregts MA, Posthuma L, Wintersen A, Jan Hendriks A Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Toxicological responses in wheat Triticum aestivum under joint stress of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It was observed in this work that joint effects of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper on chlorophyll content, the peroxidases (POD) activity, superoxide dismutases (SOD) activity and soluble protein content in leaves and roots of wheat were markedly significant. The chlorophyll content and the SOD activity in wheat under joint stress of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper were obviously higher than that under single stress of chlorimuron-ethyl. However, joint effect of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper on the decrease of soluble protein content in roots was more serious than that under single stress of chlorimuron-ethyl. The effect of c...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Wang M, Zhou Q, Ren L Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Mutagenicity assessment in a river basin influenced by agricultural, urban and industrial sources.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The genotoxic potential of samples from a river basin under impact of agricultural, urban and industrial activities was studied, to investigate the influence of climatic variations on the mutagenicity. Three sites were analyzed, a reference-SI121-and two with strong anthropic influence-SI028 and SI008. The Salmonella/microsome assay was performed in the presence/absence of hepatic metabolic system in samples of water and organic extracts. Different strains were used to identify frameshift mutagens, base-pair substitutions and oxidative damage. Indicative mutagens were detected especially with metabolization. The toxic ...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 7, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lemos AT, Rosa DP, Rocha JA, Vargas VM Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Expression of metallothionein and alpha-tubulin in heavy metal-tolerant Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we explored the possibility of using Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto as bio-reporters for environmental heavy metal pollution through expressions of their metal-responsive metallothionein and alpha-tubulin genes. The study was undertaken with third instar larvae after selection by cadmium, copper, or lead at LC(30) through five successive generations. Expression levels were determined in the 5th generation by semi-quantitative RT-PCR on the experimental and control populations. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The highest metallothionein (F(3,11)=4.574, P=0.038) and alpha-tubulin (F(3,11)=12.961, P...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mireji PO, Keating J, Hassanali A, Impoinvil DE, Mbogo CM, Muturi MN, Nyambaka H, Kenya EU, Githure JI, Beier JC Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Factors influencing dissipation of avermectins in sheep faeces.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Factors influencing fate of avermectins (abamectin, doramectin) in faeces of treated sheep were investigated under different experimental conditions. In the laboratory, concentrations of both avermectins were declined in homogenised faeces of treated animals until day 14 of exposure, regardless of experimental conditions. After that day, no significant decrease in concentrations was observed till the end of the experiment. Established DT(50) did not exceed 9 days. In the karst pasture, an average DT(50) of 27 days was established for abamectin and 23 days for doramectin in natural faeces of treated sheep. In the compos...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Virant Celestina T, Kolar L, Gobec I, Kužner J, Flajs VC, Pogačnik M, Eržen NK Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Phytoremediation of fungicides by aquatic macrophytes: Toxicity and removal rate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The rate of removal of two fungicides (dimethomorph and pyrimethanil) from water by five macrophyte species (L. minor, S. polyrhiza, C. aquatica, C. palustris and E. canadensis) was assessed in laboratory tests. In order to assure that these studies were performed with healthy plants the effects of the fungicides on chlorophyll fluorescence were studied as well. At exposure concentrations of 600mugL(-1) the effects of the fungicides on chlorophyll fluorescence were minor, so that this initial concentration level was selected for the fungicide removal rate tests. The removal yields during the 4-d test periods varied fro...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 1, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Dosnon-Olette R, Couderchet M, Eullaffroy P Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Monitoring the sensitivity of the oligochaete Tubifex tubifex in laboratory cultures using three toxicants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Acute toxicity tests were conducted to assess the sensitivity of laboratory cultured Tubifex tubifex (Annelida, Clitellata), as an intralaboratory quality assurance requirement for the test organisms used in sediment chronic bioassays. Worms were exposed to cadmium, copper, and chromium in water-only 96-h tests, in single metal exposure, over a three-year period. The lethal concentration for the x% of the exposed population (LC(x)), the No-Observable-Effect Concentration (NOEC) and the Lowest-Observable-Effect Concentration (LOEC) were estimated. Based on LC(50) values, the rank of toxicity was Cu(+2)>Cd(+2)>Cr(+...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - August 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Maestre Z, Martinez-Madrid M, Rodriguez P Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals