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Occupational and environmental hazard assessments for the isolation, purification and toxicity testing of cyanobacterial toxinsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cyanobacteria can produce groups of structurally and functionally unrelated but highly potent toxins. Cyanotoxins are used in multiple research endeavours, either for direct investigation of their toxicologic properties, or as functional analogues for various biochemical and physiological processes. This paper presents occupational safety guidelines and recommendations for personnel working in field, laboratory or industrial settings to produce and use purified cyanotoxins and toxic cyanobacteria, from bulk harvesting of bloom material, mass culture of laboratory isolates, through routine extraction, isolation and purifica...
Source: Environmental Health - November 19, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ian StewartWayne CarmichaelRoss SadlerGlenn McGregorKaren ReardonGeoff EagleshamWasantha WickramasingheAlan SeawrightGlen Shaw Source Type: journals

Sources of variation for indoor nitrogen dioxide in rural residences of EthiopiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Agro-ecology, season, purpose of fire events, frequency of fire activities, frequency of cooking and physical conditions of housing are predictors of NO2 concentration. Improved kitchen conditions and ventilation are highly recommended. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - November 18, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Abera KumieAnders EmmelinSonny WahelbergYemane BerhanAhmed AliEyassu MekonenAlemayehu WorkuDoris Karlson Source Type: journals

Susceptibility to heat wave-related mortality: a follow-up study of a cohort of elderly in RomeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated socio-demographic characteristics and pre-existing medical conditions as effect modifiers of the risk of dying during heat waves in a cohort of elderly residents in Rome. Methods: A cohort of 651,195 residents aged 65 yrs or older was followed from 2005 to 2007. During summer, heat wave days were defined according to month-specific thresholds of maximum apparent temperature. The adjusted relative risk of dying during heat waves was estimated using a Poisson regression model including all the considered covariates. Risk differences were also calculated. All analyses were run separately for the 65-74 ...
Source: Environmental Health - November 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Patrizia SchifanoGiovanna CappaiManuela De SarioPaola MichelozziClaudia MarinoAnna Maria BargagliCarlo Perucci Source Type: journals

Comparative study of enteric viruses, coliphages and indicator bacteria for evaluating water quality in a tropical high-altitude systemEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Coliphages proved to be adequate faecal pollution indicators for the irrigation water studied. Viral presence in this tropical high-altitude system showed a similar trend to data previously reported for temperate zones. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - October 27, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ana EspinosaCarlos AriasSalvador Sanchez-ColonMarisa Mazari-Hiriart Source Type: journals

Minute ventilation of cyclists, car and bus passengers: an experimental studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The comparability of the gender-specific overall regression equations linking heart rate and minute ventilation with one previous American study, supports that for studies on the group level overall equations can be used. For estimating individual doses, the use of individual regression coefficients provides more precise data. Minute ventilation levels of cyclists are on average two times higher than of bus and car passengers, consistent with the ratio found in one small previous study of young adults. The study illustrates the importance of inclusion of minute ventilation data in comparing air pollution doses...
Source: Environmental Health - October 27, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Moniek ZuurbierGerard HoekPeter Van den HazelBert Brunekreef Source Type: journals

The impact of transportation infrastructure on bicycling injuries and crashes: a review of the literatureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Evidence is beginning to accumulate that purpose-built bicycle-specific facilities reduce crashes and injuries among cyclists, providing the basis for initial transportation engineering guidelines for cyclist safety. Street lighting, paved surfaces, and low-angled grades are additional factors that appear to improve cyclist safety. Future research examining a greater variety of infrastructure would allow development of more detailed guidelines. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - October 20, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Conor ReynoldsM Anne HarrisKay TeschkePeter CriptonMeghan Winters Source Type: journals

Meteorologically estimated exposure but not distance predicts asthma symptoms in schoolchildren in the environs of a petrochemical refinery: a cross-sectional studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The results support the hypothesis of an increased prevalence of asthma symptoms among children in the area as a result of refinery emissions and provide a substantive basis for community concern. The methodology also provides a low cost means of testing hypotheses about point source pollutant effects on surrounding populations of children. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - September 24, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Neil WhiteJim teWaterNaudeAnita van der WaltGrant RavenscroftWesley RobertsRodney Ehrlich Source Type: journals

Prenatal exposure to tetrachloroethylene-contaminated drinking water and the risk of congenital anomalies: a retrospective cohort studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the risk of certain congenital anomalies is increased among the offspring of women who were exposed to PCE-contaminated drinking water around the time of conception. Because these results are limited by the small number of children with congenital anomalies that were based on maternal reports, a follow-up investigation should be conducted with a larger number of affected children who identified by independent records. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - September 23, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ann AschengrauJanice WeinbergPatricia JanulewiczLisa GallagherMichael WinterVeronica VieiraThomas WebsterDavid Ozonoff Source Type: journals

Commentary: Childhood cancer near nuclear power stationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reports on the findings of the KiKK study; discusses past and more recent epidemiological studies of leukemias near nuclear installations around the world, and outlines a possible biological mechanism to explain the increased cancers. This suggests that the observed high rates of infant leukemias may be a teratogenic effect from incorporated radionuclides. Doses from environmental emissions from nuclear reactors to embryos/fetuses in pregnant women near nuclear power stations may be larger than suspected and hematopoietic tissues may be considerably more radiosensitive in embryos/fetuses than in newborn babies...
Source: Environmental Health - September 22, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ian Fairlie Source Type: journals

High ambient temperature and mortality: a review of epidemiological studies from 2001 to 2008Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Many of these outcomes and vulnerable subgroups have only been identified in recent studies and varied by location and study population. Thus, region-specific policies, especially in urban areas, are vital to the mitigation of heat-related deaths. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - September 15, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Rupa Basu Source Type: journals

Cancer incidence in the population exposed to dioxin after the "Seveso accident": twenty years of follow-upEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The extension of the Seveso cancer incidence study confirmed an excess risk of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue neoplasms in the most exposed zones. No clear pattern by time since the accident and zones was evident partly because of the low number of cases. The elevated risk of breast cancer in zone A females after 15 years since the accident deserves further and thorough investigation. The follow-up is continuing in order to cover the long time period (even decades) usually elapsing from exposure to carcinogenic chemicals and disease occurrence. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - September 14, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Angela Cecilia PesatoriDario ConsonniMaurizia RubagottiPaolo GrilloPier Alberto Bertazzi Source Type: journals

Road traffic noise and hypertension: results from a cross-sectional public health survey in southern SwedenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The study supports an association between road traffic noise at high average levels and self-reported hypertension in middle-aged. Future studies should use age group -specific relative effect models to account for differences in prevalence. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - September 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Theo BodinMaria AlbinJonas ArdoEmilie StrohPer-Olof OstergrenJonas Bjork Source Type: journals

Urogenital abnormalities in men exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero: a cohort studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: These results indicate that prenatal exposure to DES increases risk of male urogenital abnormalities and that the association is strongest for exposure that occurs early in gestation. The findings support the hypothesis that endocrine disrupting chemicals may be a cause of the increased prevalence of cryptorchidism that has been seen in recent years. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - August 17, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Julie PalmerArthur HerbstKenneth NollerDeborah BoggsRebecca TroisiLinda Titus-ErnstoffElizabeth HatchLauren WiseWilliam StrohsnitterRobert Hoover Source Type: journals

Respiratory and skin health among glass microfiber production workers: a cross-sectional studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: This study provides evidence that exposure to glass microfibers increases the risk of respiratory and skin symptoms, and has an exposure-response relation with breathlessness and skin symptoms. Exposure to sensitizing chemicals increased the risk of cough and nasal symptoms. The results suggest that occupational exposure to glass microfibers is related to non-malignant adverse health effects, and that implementing exposure control measures in these industries could protect the health of employees. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - August 17, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Penpatra SripaiboonkijNintita SripaiboonkijWantanee PhanprasitMaritta Jaakkola Source Type: journals

Urogenital abnormalities in men exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero: a cohort studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: These results indicate that prenatal exposure to DES increases risk of male urogenital abnormalities and that the association is strongest for exposure that occurs early in gestation. The findings support the hypothesis that endocrine disrupting chemicals may be a cause of the increased prevalence of cryptorchidism that has been seen in recent years. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - August 17, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Julie PalmerArthur HerbstKenneth NollerDeborah BoggsRebecca TroisiLinda Titus-ErnstoffElizabeth HatchLauren WiseWilliam StrohsnitterRobert Hoover Source Type: journals

Serum and follicular fluid organochlorine concentrations among women undergoing assisted reproduction technologiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Our results support the use of a single serum sample to adequately represent a more biologically relevant dose (concentrations in follicular fluid), as well as exposure levels over time, in epidemiological studies of ART outcomes in relation to organochlorine exposure. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - July 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: John MeekerStacey MissmerLarisa AltshulAllison VitonisLouise RyanDaniel CramerRuss Hauser Source Type: journals

Development of risk maps to minimize uranium exposures in the Navajo Churchrock mining districtEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to develop GIS-based thematic maps as communication tools to clearly identify high risk exposure areas and offer alternatives to minimize public and ecological health impacts. Methods: Thematic maps were produced that incorporated data derived from environmental sampling and public health surveys. The maps show the location and quality of unregulated water resources and identify regulated water sources that could be used as alternatives. In addition, the maps show the location of contaminated soil and sediment areas in which disturbance of surface deposits should be avoided. Preliminary feed...
Source: Environmental Health - July 8, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Jamie deLemosDoug BruggeMiranda CajeroMallery DownsJohn DurantChristine GeorgeSarah Henio-AdekyTeddy NezThomas ManningTommy RockBess SeschillieChris ShueyJohnnye Lewis Source Type: journals

The potential monetary benefits of reclaiming hazardous waste sites in the Campania region: an economic evaluation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions This study suggests that there is a strong economic argument for both reclaiming the land contaminated with hazardous waste in the two provinces of Naples and Caserta and increasing the control of the territory in order to avoid the creation of new illegal dump sites. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - June 23, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Carla GuerrieroJohn Cairns Source Type: journals

Respiratory symptoms in children living near busy roads and their relationship to vehicular traffic: results of an Italian multicenter study (SIDRIA 2)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Children living in zones with intense traffic are at higher risk for respiratory effects. Since population characteristics are specific, the results of validation of studies on self-reported traffic exposure can not be generalized. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - June 17, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Enrica MiglioreGiovanna BertiClaudia GalassiNeil PearceFrancesco ForastiereRoberto CalabreseLucio ArmenioAnnibale BiggeriLuigi BisantiMassimiliano BugianiEnnio CadumElisabetta ChelliniValerio Dell'OrcoGabriele GiannellaPiersante SestiniGiuseppe CorboRicca Source Type: journals

Particulate air pollution and chronic ischemic heart disease in the eastern United States: a county level ecological study using satellite aerosol dataEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Aerosol particle pollution has adverse effect on CIHD mortality risk in the eastern US. High risk of CIHD mortality was found in areas with elevated levels of outdoor aerosol air pollution as indicated by satellite derived AOD. The evidence of the association would support targeting of policy interventions on such areas to reduce air pollution levels. Remote sensing AOD data could be used as an alternative health-related indictor of air quality. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - June 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Zhiyong HuK Rao Source Type: journals

Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: In this large multicenter analysis, daily average concentrations of CO and NO2 exhibited the most consistent associations with ED visits for cardiac conditions, while ozone exhibited the most consistent associations with visits for respiratory conditions. PM10 and PM2.5 were strongly associated with asthma visits during the warm season. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - June 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: David StiebMieczyslaw SzyszkowiczBrian RoweJudith Leech Source Type: journals

Effect of dioxins on regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression by aryl hydrocarbon receptor: a neurotoxicology studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our results suggest TCDD directly regulate the dopamine system by TH gene transactivation via an AhR- AHRE--mediated pathway. The AhR- mediated pathway could have a particular AhR-mediated genomic control pathway transmitting the effects of TCDD action to target cells in the development of dopaminergic disabilities. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - June 6, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Eiichi AkahoshiSeiko YoshimuraSaeko UrunoMitsuko Ishihara-Sugano Source Type: journals

Feasibility of a cohort study on health risks caused by occupational exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fieldsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The majority of occupational groups exposed to RF-EMF are not practicable for setting up an occupational cohort study due to the small numbers of exposed subjects or due to exposure levels being only marginally higher than those of the general public. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - May 29, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Jurgen BreckenkampGabriele Berg-BeckhoffEva MunsterJoachim SchuzBrigitte SchlehoferJurgen WahrendorfMaria Blettner Source Type: journals

Between-airport heterogeneity in air toxics emissions associated with individual cancer risk thresholds and population risksEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that site characteristics can be used to accurately predict maximum individual risk and total population risk at a given level of emissions, but that optimizing on one endpoint will be non-optimal for the other. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - May 8, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ying Zhou and Jonathan I Levy Source Type: journals

Placental biomarkers of phthalate effects on mRNA transcription: application in epidemiologic researchEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report on methodologic challenges to be considered in study design. Methods: We anonymously collected 10 full-term placentas and, for each, sampled placental villi at 12 sites in the chorionic plate representing the inner (closer to the cord insertion site) and outer regions. Each sample was analyzed for the expression of two candidate genes, aromatase (CYP19) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor protein gamma (PPARgamma) and three potential internal controls: cyclophilin (CYC), 18S rRNA (18S), and total RNA. Between and within placenta variability was estimated using variance component analysis. Associations ...
Source: Environmental Health - April 23, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Jennifer J Adibi, Russ Hauser, Paige L Williams, Robin M Whyatt, Harshwardhan M Thaker, Heather Nelson, Robert Herrick and Hari K Bhat Source Type: journals

Mobile and cordless telephones, serum transthyretin and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier: a cross-sectional studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: In this hypothesis-generating descriptive study time since first use of mobile telephones and DECT combined was significantly associated with higher TTR levels regardless of how much each telephone type had been used. Regarding short-term use, significantly higher TTR concentrations were seen in women the sooner blood was withdrawn after the most recent telephone call on that day. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - April 21, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Fredrik Soderqvist, Michael Carlberg and Lennart Hardell Source Type: journals

Longitudinal trends in organophosphate incidents reported to the National Pesticide Information Center, 1995-2007Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Regulatory decisions to phase-out the availability and use of common organophosphate pesticides among the general public were announced in 2000 and continued through 2004. Based on revised risk assessments, chlorpyrifos and diazinon were determined to pose unacceptable risks. To determine the impact of these decisions, organophosphate (OP) exposure incidents reported to the National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC) were analyzed for longitudinal trends. Methods: Non-occupational human exposure incidents reported to NPIC were grouped into pre- (1995-2000) and post-announcement periods (2001-2007). The number ...
Source: Environmental Health - April 20, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: David L Stone, Daniel L Sudakin and Jeffrey J Jenkins Source Type: journals

Assessing the distribution of volatile organic compounds using land use regression in Sarnia, "Chemical Valley", Ontario, CanadaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Yielding potentially different health effects than nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, modelling other air pollutants is essential for a better understanding of the link between air pollution and health. The LUR models developed in these analyses will be used for estimating outdoor exposure to BTEX for a larger community health study aimed at examining the determinants of health in Sarnia. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - April 16, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Dominic ODWA Atari and Isaac N Luginaah Source Type: journals

Does traffic exhaust contribute to the development of asthma and allergic sensitization in children: findings from recent cohort studiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this review was to assess the evidence from recent prospective studies that long-term traffic pollution could contribute to the development of asthma-like symptoms and allergic sensitization in children. We have reviewed cohort studies published since 2002 and found in PubMed in Oct 2008. In all, 13 papers based on data from 9 cohorts have evaluated the relationship between traffic exposure and respiratory health. All surveys reported associations with at least some of the studied respiratory symptoms. The outcome varied, however, according to the age of the child. Nevertheless, the consistency in the results in...
Source: Environmental Health - April 16, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lennart Braback and Bertil Forsberg Source Type: journals

Association of blood lead concentrations with mortality in older women: a prospective cohort studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Women with blood lead concentrations of ≥ 8 μg/dL (0.384 μmol/L), experienced increased mortality, in particular from CHD as compared to those with lower blood lead concentrations. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - April 3, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Naila Khalil, John W Wilson, Evelyn O Talbott, Lisa A Morrow, Marc C Hochberg, Teresa A Hillier, Susan B Muldoon, Steven R Cummings and Jane A Cauley Source Type: journals

Association of blood lead concentrations with mortality in older women: a prospective cohort studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Blood lead concentrations have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular, cancer, and all-cause mortality in adults in general population and occupational cohorts. We aimed to determine the association between blood lead, all cause and cause specific mortality in elderly, community residing women. Methods: Prospective cohort study of 533 women aged 65-87 years enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures at 2 US research centers (Baltimore, MD; Monongahela Valley, PA) from 1986-1988. Blood lead concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Using blood lead concentration catego...
Source: Environmental Health - April 3, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Naila Khalil, John W Wilson, Evelyn O Talbott, Lisa A Morrow, Marc C Hochberg, Teresa A Hillier, Susan B Muldoon, Steven R Cummings and Jane A Cauley Source Type: journals

Spatial analysis of air pollution and childhood asthma in Hamilton, Canada: comparing exposure methods in sensitive subgroupsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that traffic-related pollutants, such as NO2, are associated with asthma without overt evidence of other atopic disorders among female children living in a medium-sized Canadian city. The effects were sensitive to the method of exposure estimation. More refined exposure models produced the most robust associations. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - April 1, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Talar Sahsuvaroglu, Michael Jerrett, Malcolm R Sears, Rob McConnell, Norm Finkelstein, Altaf Arain, Bruce Newbold and Rick Burnett Source Type: journals

Prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure alters motor behavior and ultrasonic vocalization in cd-1 mouse pupsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Overall our results are consistent with previous epidemiological data on OP neuro-behavioral toxicity, and also indicate ultrasonic vocalization as an early marker of CPF exposure during development in rodent studies, with potential translational value to human infants. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - March 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Aldina Venerosi, Laura Ricceri, Maria Luisa Scattoni and Gemma Calamandrei Source Type: journals

Investigation into pedestrian exposure to near-vehicle exhaust emissionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Diesel particulate matter concentrations during drive-by incidents easily reach or exceed the low concentrations that can cause acute health effects for brief periods of time. For the case of a particularly well-tuned late-model year vehicle, the mass of particulate matter inhaled during a drive-by incident is small compared to the mass inhaled daily at ambient conditions. On a per breath basis, however, the mass of particulate matter inhaled is large compared to the mass inhaled at ambient conditions. Finally, it was determined that children, infants, or people breathing at heights similar to that of a passin...
Source: Environmental Health - March 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Neil A Buzzard, Nigel N Clark and Steven E Guffey Source Type: journals

Characterization of occupational exposures to cleaning products used for common cleaning tasks-a pilot study of hospital cleanersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Cleaning products are mixtures of many chemical ingredients that may impact workers' health through air and dermal exposures. Because cleaning exposures are a function of product formulations and product application procedures, a combination of product evaluation with workplace exposure assessment is critical in developing strategies for protecting workers from cleaning hazards. Our task based assessment methods allowed classification of tasks in different exposure categories, a strategy that can be employed by epidemiological investigations related to cleaning. The methods presented here can be used by occupa...
Source: Environmental Health - March 27, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Anila Bello, Margaret M. Quinn, Melissa J. Perry and Donald K. Milton Source Type: journals

A systematic review of us state environmental legislation and regulation with regards to the prevention of neurodevelopmental disabilities and asthmaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
DiscussionDifferences in state environmental regulation and legislation are likely to lead to differences in exposure, and thus to impacts on children's health. The need for further study should not inhibit other states and the federal government from pursuing the model regulation and legislation we identified to prevent diseases of environmental origin in children. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - March 26, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lauren Zajac, Eli Sprecher, Philip J Landrigan and Leonardo Trasande Source Type: journals

A hazardous substance exposure prevention rating method for intervention needs assessment and effectiveness evaluation: the Small Business Exposure IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The SBEI exposure prevention rating method is suitable for use in small/medium enterprises, has good discriminatory power and reliability, offers an inexpensive method for intervention needs assessment and effectiveness evaluation, and complements quantitative exposure assessment with an upstream prevention focus. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - March 26, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Anthony D LaMontagne, Anne M Stoddard, Cora Roelofs, Grace Sembajwe, Amy L Sapp and Glorian Sorensen Source Type: journals

Applicability of non-invasively collected matrices for human biomonitoringEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
With its inclusion under Action 3 in the Environment and Health Action Plan 2004-2010 of the European Commission, human biomonitoring is currently receiving an increasing amount of attention from the scientific community as a tool to better quantify human exposure to, and health effects of, environmental stressors. Despite the policy support, however, there are still several issues that restrict the routine application of human biomonitoring data in environmental health impact assessment. One of the main issues is the obvious need to routinely collect human samples for large-scale surveys. Particularly the collection of in...
Source: Environmental Health - March 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Roel Smolders, Karl-Werner Schramm, Marc Nickmilder and Greet Schoeters Source Type: journals

Health impact assessment of particulate pollution in Tallinn using fine spatial resolution and modelling techniquesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Sectioning the city for analysis and using GIS systems can help to improve the accuracy of air pollution health impact estimations, especially in study areas with poor air pollution monitoring data but available dispersion models. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - March 3, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Hans Orru, Erik Teinemaa, Taavi Lai, Tanel Tamm, Marko Kaasik, Veljo Kimmel, Kati Kangur, Eda Merisalu and Bertil Forsberg Source Type: journals

Toxic ignorance and right-to-know in biomonitoring results communication: a survey of scientists and study participantsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Public deliberation about communication in personal exposure assessment research suggests that new forms of community-based research ethics and participatory scientific practice are emerging. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - February 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Rachel Morello-Frosch, Julia G Brody, Phil Brown, Rebecca G Altman, Ruthann A Rudel and Carla Perez Source Type: journals

Determination of no-observed effect level (NOEL)-biomarker equivalents to interpret biomonitoring data for organophosphorus pesticides in childrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: This study is a first step towards the development of biological guidelines for organophophorus pesticides using a toxicokinetic modeling approach, which can be used to provide a health-based interpretation of biomonitoring data in the general population. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - February 19, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mathieu Valcke and Michele Bouchard Source Type: journals

Participant experiences in a breastmilk biomonitoring study: A qualitative assessmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Biomonitoring study design, including clear communication about the benefits of breastfeeding and the manner in which individual results are distributed, can prevent negative impacts of biomonitoring on breastfeeding. Adoption of more specific standards for biomonitoring studies and continued study of risk communication issues related to biomonitoring will help support participant protection. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - February 18, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Nerissa Wu, Michael D. McClean, Phil Brown, Ann Aschengrau and Thomas F. Webster Source Type: journals

Spatial analysis of bladder, kidney, and pancreatic cancer on upper Cape Cod: an application of generalized additive models to case-control dataEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Spatial epidemiology using individual level data from population-based studies addresses many methodological criticisms of cluster studies and generates new exposure hypotheses. Our results provide evidence for spatial clustering of bladder cancer near MMR plumes that suggest further investigation using detailed exposure modeling. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - February 10, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Veronica Vieira, Thomas Webster, Janice Weinberg and Ann Aschengrau Source Type: journals

Mercury from chlor-alkali plants: measured concentrations in food product sugarEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mercury cell chlor-alkali products are used to produce thousands of other products including food ingredients such as citric acid, sodium benzoate, and high fructose corn syrup. High fructose corn syrup is used in food products to enhance shelf life. A pilot study was conducted to determine if high fructose corn syrup contains mercury, a toxic metal historically used as an anti-microbial. High fructose corn syrup samples were collected from three different manufacturers and analyzed for total mercury. The samples were found to contain levels of mercury ranging from below a detection limit of 0.005 to 0.570 micrograms mercu...
Source: Environmental Health - January 26, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Renee Dufault, Blaise LeBlanc, Roseanne Schnoll, Charles Cornett, Laura Schweitzer, Lyn Patrick, Jane Hightower, David Wallinga and Walter Lukiw Source Type: journals

Gender and respiratory findings in workers occupationally exposed to organic aerosols: A meta analysis of 12 cross-sectional studiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that in industries processing organic compounds there are gender differences in respiratory symptoms and lung function in exposed workers. Whether these findings represent true physiologic gender differences, gender specific workplace exposures or other undefined gender variables not defined in this study cannot be determined. This data does not suggest that special limitations for women are warranted for respiratory health reasons in these industries, but the issue of upper respiratory irritation and disease warrants further study. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - January 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: E. NEIL Schachter, Eugenija Zuskin, Erin L. Moshier, James Godbold, Jadranka Mustajbegovic, Jasna Pucarin-Cvetkovic and Angelo Chiarelli Source Type: journals

Immune cell counts and risks of respiratory infections among infants exposed pre- and post-natally to organochlorine compounds: a prospective studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: This hypothesis generating study suggests that background exposure to PCBs and p,p'-DDE early in life modulate immune system development. Strong correlations between mono- and di-ortho PCBs, and p,p'-DDE exposures make it difficult to identify the most important contributor to the suggested immunomodulation, and to separate effects due to pre- and postnatal exposure. The suggested PCB and p,p'-DDE modulation of infection risks may have consequences for the health development during childhood, since respiratory infections early in life may be risk factors for asthma and middle ear infections. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - December 4, 2008 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Anders Glynn, Ann Thuvander, Marie Aune, Anders Johannisson, Per Ola Darnerud, Gunnar Ronquist and Sven Cnattingius Source Type: journals

A framework for integrated environmental health impact assessment of systemic risksEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Traditional methods of risk assessment have provided good service in support of policy, mainly in relation to standard setting and regulation of hazardous chemicals or practices. In recent years, however, it has become apparent that many of the risks facing society are systemic in nature - complex risks, set within wider social, economic and environmental contexts. Reflecting, this, policy-making too has become more wide-ranging in scope, more collaborative and more precautionary in approach. In order to inform such policies, more integrated methods of assessment are needed. Based on work undertaken in two large EU-funded ...
Source: Environmental Health - November 27, 2008 Category: Environmental Health Authors: David J Briggs Source Type: journals

The effects of socioeconomic status and indices of physical environment on reduced birth weight and preterm births in Eastern MassachusettsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Overall, the findings of the study suggested greater likelihood of reduced birth weight and preterm births among the more socially disadvantaged, and a greater risk of reduced birth weight associated with traffic exposures. Results revealed the importance of controlling simultaneously for SEM and environmental exposures as the way to better understand determinants of health. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - November 25, 2008 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ariana Zeka, Steve J Melly and Joel Schwartz Source Type: journals

Facing the Challenge of Data Transfer from Animal Models to Humans: the Case of Persistent OrganohalogensEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A well-documented fact for a group of persistent, bioaccumulating organohalogens contaminants, namely polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), is that appropriate regulation was delayed, on average, up to 50 years. Some of the delay may be attributed to the fact that the science of toxicology was in its infancy when PCBs were introduced in 1920's. Nevertheless, even following the development of modern toxicology this story repeats itself 45 years later with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) another compound of concern for public health. The question is why? One possible explanation may be the low coherence between experiment...
Source: Environmental Health - November 13, 2008 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Alexander Suvorov and Larissa Takser Source Type: journals

Systematic review of worldwide variations of the prevalence of wheezing symptoms in childrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The UK has the highest recorded prevalence of wheezing and Ethiopia the lowest. Prevalence of wheezing in Australia and the UK has increased from the 1970s up to the early 1990s, but decreased since then and ISAAC studies report significantly higher prevalences than non-ISAAC studies. (Source: Environmental Health)
Source: Environmental Health - November 10, 2008 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Swatee P Patel, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin and Mark P Little Source Type: journals