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346 records returned

Localized accumulation of lead within and among bones from lead-dosed goats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The principal aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of where lead (Pb) accumulates and how it is distributed, within the bones of dosed goats. Adult goats were periodically dosed with Pb over a number of years for the primary purpose of producing blood pools containing endogenously bound Pb, for the New York State Blood Lead Proficiency Testing Program. Bone samples (e.g., primarily tibia, femur, humerus, and radius) were collected post-mortem from 11 animals and were analyzed for Pb content by acid digestion and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS or GFAAS). Average tibia Pb levels were...
Source: Environmental Research - November 6, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Cretacci Y, Parsons PJ Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Arsenic in public water supplies and cardiovascular mortality in Spain.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: In this ecological study, elevated low-to-moderate arsenic concentrations in drinking water were associated with increased cardiovascular mortality at the municipal level. Prospective cohort studies with individual measures of arsenic exposure, standardized cardiovascular outcomes, and adequate adjustment for confounders are needed to confirm these ecological findings. Our study, however, reinforces the need to implement arsenic remediation treatments in water supply systems above the World Health Organization safety standard of 10mug/L. PMID: 19880104 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - October 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Medrano MA, Boix R, Pastor-Barriuso R, Palau M, Damián J, Ramis R, Del Barrio JL, Navas-Acien A Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Hair mercury concentration and fish consumption: Risk and perceptions of risk among women of childbearing age.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purposes of this study were to assess the hair mercury concentration of women of childbearing age in Taiwan, and to calculate a hazard quotient (HQ) to evaluate the risk of fish consumption for these women. We also examined perceptions of risk associated with fish consumption and whether women in our study changed their habits in response to such risks. The average concentration of mercury was 1.73+/-2.12mugg(-1) (range: 0.02-16.34mugg(-1)), exceeding the US EPA reference dose of 1mugg(-1) in 52.9% of study subjects. The WHO tolerance limit of 10mugg(-1) was exceeded in 1.5% of study subjects. Hair mercury concentr...
Source: Environmental Research - October 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chien LC, Gao CS, Lin HH Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Does area level socioeconomic status modify the effects of PM(10) on preterm delivery?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Mothers exposed to higher PM(10) in Seoul, Korea, had a higher probability of PTD. Individual-level characteristics had different effects on the probability of PTD depending on the area-level SES. Area-level SES modified the effect of PM(10) concentration on PTD. PMID: 19878932 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - October 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Yi O, Kim H, Ha E Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Cadmium, follicle-stimulating hormone, and effects on bone in women age 42-60 years, NHANES III.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Long-term cadmium exposure at environmental levels is associated with increased serum FSH, and both FSH and UCd are associated with bone loss, in US women aged 42-60 years. PMID: 19875111 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - October 27, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Gallagher CM, Moonga BS, Kovach JS Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

No association between ambient particulate matter exposure during pregnancy and stillbirth risk in the north of England, 1962-1992.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: While black smoke in pregnancy is likely to be related to other pregnancy outcomes, our findings do not suggest that black smoke air pollution exposure during pregnancy increases the risk of stillbirth. PMID: 19863953 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - October 26, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Pearce MS, Glinianaia SV, Rankin J, Rushton S, Charlton M, Parker L, Pless-Mulloli T Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Residential proximity to industrial facilities and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study does not provide strong evidence that living near manufacturing industries increases NHL risk. However, future studies designed to include greater numbers of persons living near specific types of industries, along with fate-transport modeling of chemical releases, would be informative. PMID: 19840879 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - October 16, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: De Roos AJ, Davis S, Colt JS, Blair A, Airola M, Severson RK, Cozen W, Cerhan JR, Hartge P, Nuckols JR, Ward MH Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Arsenic contamination in New Orleans soil: Temporal changes associated with flooding.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, archived soil samples collected in 1998-1999 were location-matched with 70 residential sites in New Orleans where post-flood arsenic concentrations were elevated. Those same locations were sampled again during the recovery period 18 months later. During the recovery period, sampling for arsenic was also done for the first time at school sites and playgrounds within the flooded zone. Every sample of sediment taken 1-10 months after the flood exceeded the arsenic concentration found in the matched pre-flood soils. The average difference between the two sampling periods was 19.67mg/kg (95% CI 16.63-22.71) with ...
Source: Environmental Research - October 15, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Rotkin-Ellman M, Solomon G, Gonzales CR, Agwaramgbo L, Mielke HW Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Association of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and serum C-reactive protein.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The association of 9 urinary monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was investigated using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. The unweighted number of participants included was 999, which represented 139,362,776 persons in the non-institutionalized US population. In adjusted logistic regressions, two OH-PAHs, 2-hydroxyphenanthrene and 9-hydroxyfluorene, were associated with elevated CRP (>3mg/l). Logistic regressions were adjusted for age, gender, race, exercise, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes, and hypertension. 2-Hy...
Source: Environmental Research - October 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Everett CJ, King DE, Player MS, Matheson EM, Post RE, Mainous AG Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Seasonal effect of PM(10) concentrations on mortality and morbidity in Seoul, Korea: A temperature-matched case-crossover analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that the effect of PM(10) on mortality and morbidity varies with season and increases during the summer season. PMID: 19819431 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Yi O, Hong YC, Kim H Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Heavy metals exposures among Mexican farmworkers in eastern North Carolina.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: This first study to examine indicators of worker body burdens of metals shows that workers have body burdens related to exposures other than work in the US. Further research should address their risk for adverse health outcomes due to combined exposures to neurotoxins in pesticides. PMID: 19818439 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - October 6, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Quandt SA, Jones BT, Talton JW, Whalley LE, Galván L, Vallejos QM, Grzywacz JG, Chen H, Pharr KE, Isom S, Arcury TA Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Mortality among frequent consumers of Great Lakes sport fish.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Commercial and sport-caught fish provide a healthy source of dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and other micronutrients. Regular fish consumption has been associated with decreased risk of heart disease and health professionals encourage adults to include fish in their weekly diets. However, fish harvested from contaminated waters can contain higher levels of persistent, bioaccumulative chemicals such as methylmercury, PCBs, dieldrin, and DDT. To assess the beneficial effects of fish intake and the adverse effects of contaminant exposure, underlying and contributing causes of death were obtained from the National D...
Source: Environmental Research - October 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Tomasallo C, Anderson H, Haughwout M, Imm P, Knobeloch L Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Contaminant profiles in Southeast Asian immigrants consuming fish from polluted waters in northeastern Wisconsin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, Hmong immigrants in northeastern Wisconsin are at risk of elevated PCB exposure from consumption of locally caught fish. The pattern of exposure is somewhat different than patterns in other fish-eating populations, possibly due to use of Aroclor 1242 by the paper industry in this region. PMID: 19811781 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - October 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Schantz SL, Gardiner JC, Aguiar A, Tang X, Gasior DM, Sweeney AM, Peck JD, Gillard D, Kostyniak PJ Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Direct speciation analysis of arsenic in sub-cellular compartments using micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Identification of arsenic chemical species at a sub-cellular level is a key to understanding the mechanisms involved in arsenic toxicology and antitumor pharmacology. When performed with a microbeam, X-ray absorption near-edge structure (mu-XANES) enables the direct speciation analysis of arsenic in sub-cellular compartments avoiding cell fractionation and other preparation steps that might modify the chemical species. This methodology couples tracking of cellular organelles in a single cell by confocal or epifluorescence microscopy with local analysis of chemical species by mu-XANES. Here we report the results obtaine...
Source: Environmental Research - September 29, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Bacquart T, Devès G, Ortega R Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Leukaemia incidence in people living close to an oil refinery.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Using risk estimates extrapolated from high-level exposure, we would not expect an increase of leukaemia at low exposure to VOC emissions. Nevertheless, the clear elevation of leukaemia in the priori selected, exposed parishes was remarkable. Our finding may reflect a causal association due to emissions, but it could also be due to unknown confounding, or chance. PMID: 19781695 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - September 22, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Barregard L, Holmberg E, Sallsten G Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Increased micronuclei and bulky DNA adducts in cord blood after maternal exposures to traffic-related air pollution.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Exposure to traffic-related air pollution in urban environment is common and has been associated with adverse human health effects. In utero exposures that result in DNA damage may affect health later in life. Early effects of maternal and in utero exposures to traffic-related air pollution were assessed through the use of validated biomarkers in blood cells from mother-newborn pairs. A cross-sectional biomonitoring study with healthy pregnant women living in the Greater Copenhagen area, Denmark, was conducted. Bulky DNA adducts and micronuclei (MN) were measured in blood from 75 women and 69 umbilical cords, concurren...
Source: Environmental Research - September 21, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Pedersen M, Wichmann J, Autrup H, Dang DA, Decordier I, Hvidberg M, Bossi R, Jakobsen J, Loft S, Knudsen LE Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Determination of ten perfluorinated compounds in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) fillets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A rigorous solid phase extraction/liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the measurement of 10 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in fish fillets is described and applied to fillets of bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) collected from selected areas of Minnesota and North Carolina. The 4 PFC analytes routinely detected in bluegill fillets were perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorodecanoic acid (C10), perfluoroundecanoic acid (C11), and perflurododecanoic acid (C12). Measures of method accuracy and precision for these compounds showed that calculated concentrations of PFCs in spiked samples dif...
Source: Environmental Research - September 20, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Delinsky AD, Strynar MJ, Nakayama SF, Varns JL, Ye X, McCann PJ, Lindstrom AB Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Complexities of holistic community-based participatory research for a low income, multi-ethnic population exposed to multiple built-environment stressors in Worcester, Massachusetts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Low income, multi-ethnic communities in Main South/Piedmont neighborhoods of Worcester, Massachusetts are exposed to cumulative, chronic built-environment stressors, and have limited capacity to respond, magnifying their vulnerability to adverse health outcomes. "Neighborhood STRENGTH", our community-based participatory research (CBPR) project, comprised four partners: a youth center; an environmental non-profit; a community-based health center; and a university. Unlike most CBPR projects that are single topic-focused, our 'holistic', systems-based project targeted five priorities. The three research-focused/action-ori...
Source: Environmental Research - September 14, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Downs TJ, Ross L, Patton S, Rulnick S, Sinha D, Mucciarone D, Calvache M, Parmenter S, Subedi R, Wysokenski D, Anderson E, Dezan R, Lowe K, Bowen J, Tejani A, Piersanti K, Taylor O, Goble R Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Influence of litter size on the postnatal growth of rat pups. Is there a rationale for litter-size standardization in toxicity studies?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was undertaken to provide data useful for a discussion on the need for culling in reproductive toxicity testing. Along this line, we investigated the effects of rat litter size on maternal body weight gain during pregnancy and lactation as well as on pup growth, somatic maturation and survival to weaning (PND 21). Two-hundred-forty-one untreated pregnant rats (Wistar, Bor:spf, TOR) delivered litters with 1-13 pups, being 10 the most frequent (24%) litter size. Pup mortality was 5.4%, 3.0% and 0.4% in the first, second and third postnatal weeks, respectively. Maternal and pup body weight gains, and the day of app...
Source: Environmental Research - September 14, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chahoud I, Paumgartten FJ Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Cellular uptake, subcellular distribution and toxicity of arsenic compounds in methylating and non-methylating cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Arsenic is a known human carcinogen, inducing tumors of the skin, urinary bladder, liver and lung. Inorganic arsenic, existing in highly toxic trivalent and significantly less toxic pentavalent forms, is methylated to mono- and di-methylated species mainly in the liver. Due to the low toxicity of pentavalent methylated species, methylation has been regarded as a detoxification process for many years; however, recent findings of a high toxicity of trivalent methylated species have indicated the contrary. In order to elucidate the role of speciation and methylation for the toxicity and carcinogenicity of arsenic, systema...
Source: Environmental Research - September 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Dopp E, von Recklinghausen U, Diaz-Bone R, Hirner AV, Rettenmeier AW Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Bioaccumulation of metals and effects of a landfill in small mammals. Part III. Structural alterations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The leachates from the Garraf landfill located in a protected site (NE Spain) contain several potentially toxic substances such as heavy metals. Here we report the histopathological alterations produced by this pollution in wild specimens of an omnivorous species, the wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus, and an insectivorous species, the greater white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russula. Hepatic tissue presented the most severe alterations in both the species, namely cell cycle arrest (apoptosis and necrosis), inflammation, preneoplasic nodules, vacuolation and microsteatosis. The kidneys were altered more in the mice (presen...
Source: Environmental Research - September 13, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Sánchez-Chardi A, Peñarroja-Matutano C, Borrás M, Nadal J Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Hunting with lead: Association between blood lead levels and wild game consumption.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Participants who consumed wild game had higher PbB than those who did not consume wild game. Careful review of butchering practices and monitoring of meat-packing processes may decrease lead exposure from wild game consumption. PMID: 19747676 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - September 8, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Iqbal S, Blumenthal W, Kennedy C, Yip FY, Pickard S, Flanders WD, Loringer K, Kruger K, Caldwell KL, Jean Brown M Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

A cross-sectional analysis of type II diabetes in a community with exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not demonstrate an association between PFOA and either type II diabetes or fasting glucose level. Our data are limited by their cross-sectional nature, and do not preclude the possibility of a causal relationship. PMID: 19740462 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - September 6, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Macneil J, Steenland NK, Shankar A, Ducatman A Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Ingested arsenic, characteristics of well water consumption and risk of different histological types of lung cancer in northeastern Taiwan.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study provides additional evidence linking arsenic to lung cancer, and the indications that arsenic may play a more important role in certain histological type may help with further research in carcinogenic effect of inorganic arsenic on lung cancer. PMID: 19735913 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - September 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chen CL, Chiou HY, Hsu LI, Hsueh YM, Wu MM, Chen CJ Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Arsenite induces aquaglyceroporin 9 expression in murine livers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mice exposed to sodium arsenite show a dose-related accumulation of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and its methylated metabolites in the liver. While the accumulation of iAs forms increased linearly with dose in liver cells, a different pattern was observed in other tissues such as the brain and lung, as well as in the peripheral nerves of the rat. As such, trivalent iAs enters the cells, using aquaglyceroporin transporters to modulate cell arsenic accumulation and cytotoxicity. We investigated here if the dose-related accumulation of arsenic in the liver was related to the expression of aquaglyceroporin 9 (AQP9) in the same ...
Source: Environmental Research - September 3, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Torres-Avila M, Leal-Galicia P, Sánchez-Peña LC, Del Razo LM, Gonsebatt ME Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Post-Hurricane Katrina passive sampling of ambient volatile organic compounds in the greater New Orleans area.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall near New Orleans, Louisiana, a major metroplex with petroleum industries. In response to the potential impact of the storm on air quality and to assess the exposures to toxic air pollutants of public health concern, the United States Environmental Protection Agency conducted passive monitoring of air toxics for three months, starting in late October 2005 through early February 2006, at up to 18 sites in the New Orleans area affected by Hurricane Katrina. The overall results of the passive ambient monitoring are summarized with the concentrations for the twenty-nine ob...
Source: Environmental Research - September 3, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chung KC, Stock TH, Smith LA, Afshar M, Liao XL, Stallings C Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Exposure to cadmium and persistent organochlorine pollutants and its association with bone mineral density and markers of bone metabolism on postmenopausal women.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, no convincing associations were observed between cadmium and POPs, on one hand, and bone metabolism markers and BMD, on the other. PMID: 19733845 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - September 3, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Rignell-Hydbom A, Skerfving S, Lundh T, Lindh CH, Elmståhl S, Bjellerup P, Jünsson BA, Strümberg U, Akesson A Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Long-term exposure to traffic-related particulate matter impairs cognitive function in the elderly.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Animal studies have suggested that fine particulate matter (PM) can translocate from the upper respiratory tract to the brain and cause brain inflammation. Brain inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Hypothesizing therefore that long-term exposure to fine PM might contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the objective of this study was to investigate the association between exposure to fine PM and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) which is associated with a high risk of progression to AD. A study group of 399 women aged 68-79 years who lived for more than 20 years a...
Source: Environmental Research - September 2, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ranft U, Schikowski T, Sugiri D, Krutmann J, Krämer U Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Antioxidative system and oxidative stress markers in wild populations of Erica australis L. differentially exposed to pyrite mining activities.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we have analysed metal contents in the leaves of E. australis from three wild populations growing in soils affected by metals in different ways (mine wastes, the terrace of a river affected by acid mine drainage and soils not affected by mining activities but enriched in metals due the geology of the area) and, taking into account that metals may generate reactive oxygen species, we also assayed the oxidative damages and the antioxidative defences. All plants contained high levels of Fe and Mn in the leaves, but plants exposed to mining activities also accumulate different levels of As, Ni, Mo, Pb, and Zn de...
Source: Environmental Research - August 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Márquez-García B, Córdoba F Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ambient exposure from residential proximity to applications of agricultural pesticides may contribute to the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Using residential histories collected from the families of 213 ALL cases and 268 matched controls enrolled in the Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study, the authors assessed residential proximity within a half-mile (804.5m) of pesticide applications by linking address histories with reports of agricultural pesticide use. Proximity was ascertained during different time windows of exposure, including the first year of life and the child's lifetime throug...
Source: Environmental Research - August 20, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Rull RP, Gunier R, Von Behren J, Hertz A, Crouse V, Buffler PA, Reynolds P Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Particulate PAHs in two urban areas of Southern Italy: Impact of the sources, meteorological and background conditions on air quality.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present work studied how much the meteorological parameters and the emission sources can influence the particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Invalid Journal Information PAHs) concentrations in two areas located in Southern Italy (Bari and Taranto). It was found that when the vehicular traffic is the main source of PAHs, there is a negative correlation between ambient temperature, wind speed and PAHs concentration (Bari). This is because these parameters are generally correlated with the dispersion capacity of the atmosphere. In the presence of a large industrial area, the wind direction becomes an important...
Source: Environmental Research - August 20, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Martino A, Caselli M, de Gennaro G, Tutino M Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Interactions between parasitism and biological responses in zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha): Importance in ecotoxicological studies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Given that virtually all organisms are hosts for parasites, the investigation of the combined effects of contamination and parasitism is important in the framework of aquatic bioindication procedures. To assess the impact of such multistresses at the host cellular level, we sampled parasitized zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) populations from two sites in northeast France that presented different levels of contamination. Experimental groups were formed based on parasite species and host gender and tested by histochemistry and automated image analysis for biological responses, such as structural changes of the lysoso...
Source: Environmental Research - August 16, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Minguez L, Meyer A, Molloy DP, Giambérini L Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Prenatal exposure to PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in relation to birth weight.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several human studies have shown that low-level exposure to environmental contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides, negatively influences birth outcomes. However, the effects of low-level exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs) on birth outcomes have not been clarified in human studies. A prospective cohort study was established to investigate the possible adverse effects of PCDDs/PCDFs and DL-PCBs on fetal growth and neurodevelopment. We recruited 514 pregnant women between July 2002 and Oct...
Source: Environmental Research - August 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Konishi K, Sasaki S, Kato S, Ban S, Washino N, Kajiwara J, Todaka T, Hirakawa H, Hori T, Yasutake D, Kishi R Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Dose-response relationships of rat fetal skeleton variations: Relevance for risk assessment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In developmental toxicity studies, skeleton abnormalities found in fetuses at term are classified as variations or malformations. The relevance of skeleton variations for human risk assessment, however, is a controversial issue. This paper is a contribution to the discussion on the interpretation of fetal skeleton variations in the context of risk assessment. Dose-response relationships of skeleton variations and malformations induced by three antineoplastic drugs (FUDR: 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, HU: hydroxyurea and 6-MPr: 6-mercaptopurine-riboside) were evaluated. FUDR (0, 3, 14, 25, 35, 45, 55 and 65mg/kg body wt sc)...
Source: Environmental Research - August 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chahoud I, Paumgartten FJ Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine pesticide contamination signatures in deep-sea fish from the Mediterranean Sea.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and OCP concentrations were determined in the livers of two deep-sea fish species, roughsnout grenadier and hollowsnout grenadier, from the Adriatic Sea. In both species, contaminant concentrations were in the following order: PCBs>DDTs>>HCB. Contaminant load was higher in roughsnout grenadier (PCB: 12,327ngg(-1); DDTs: 5357ngg(-1); HCB: 13.1ngg(-1)) than in hollowsnout grenadier (PCB: 1234ngg(-1); DDTs: 763ngg(-1); HCB 6.3ngg(-1)). PCB patterns were dominated by higher chlorinated congeners (hexa-CBs: 50.3-52.1%, hepta-CBs: 29.6-35.5%, penta-CBs: 8.0-11.1% and octa-CBs :5.2-5.4%...
Source: Environmental Research - August 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Storelli MM, Losada S, Marcotrigiano GO, Roosens L, Barone G, Neels H, Covaci A Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Assessment of long-term subacute exposure to dimethoate by hair analysis of dialkyl phosphates DMP and DMTP in exposed rabbits: The effects of dose, dose duration and hair colour.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hair analysis for dialkyl phosphates' (DAPs) residues could provide a measure of chronic exposure to organophosphate pesticides (OPs). The aim of this study was to determine whether these metabolites can be internally incorporated into the hair of rabbits exposed to dimethoate and also to investigate the influence of dose and dose duration of this OP, as well as the effect of hair colour on the concentrations of its DAPs in hair. Two-coloured rabbits were daily exposed to dimethoate (0, 12 or 24mgkg(-1) body weight) via their drinking water. Hair samples of both colours were obtained 4 and 6 months after the beginning ...
Source: Environmental Research - August 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Margariti MG, Tsatsakis AM Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

A multispecies-monitoring study about bioaccumulation of mercury in Iranian birds (Khuzestan to Persian Gulf): Effect of taxonomic affiliation and trophic level.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study, the first baseline concentration of mercury (Hg) in different species of Iranian birds was investigated. From April to October 2005, the tail feathers of 100 birds belonging to 27 species (14 families) from different places in southwest Iran (Khuzestan to Persian Gulf) were collected. The Hg levels were evaluated in relation to taxonomic affiliation and trophic level (type of food). The results showed that the Hg levels in the feathers were between 0.07 and 4.71mg/kg dry weight (dw), and there was a significant effect of taxonomic groups in relation to Hg concentration (p<0.001). The highest me...
Source: Environmental Research - August 6, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Zolfaghari G, Esmaili-Sari A, Ghasempouri SM, Baydokhti RR, Hassanzade Kiabi B Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Molecular detection of Giardia contamination in water bodies in a zoo.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We used a combined microscopy-molecular approach to determine the occurrence and identities of waterborne Giardia sp. cysts isolated from 18 separate, 10l grab samples collected from a Malaysian zoo. Microscopy revealed that 17 of 18 samples were Giardia cyst positive with concentrations ranging from 1 to 120 cysts/l. Nine (52.9%) of the 17 cyst positive samples produced amplicons of which 7 (77.8%) could be sequenced. Giardia duodenalis assemblage A (6 of 7) and assemblage B (1 of 7), both infectious to humans, were identified at all sampling sites at the zoo. The presence of human infectious cysts raises public healt...
Source: Environmental Research - August 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lim YA, Lai MM, Mahdy MA, Mat Naim HR, Smith HV Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Lead levels in new enamel household paints from Asia, Africa and South America.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In 2006 a report on the analysis for lead in 80 new residential paints from four countries in Asia revealed high levels in three of the countries (China, India and Malaysia) and low levels in a fourth country (Singapore) where a lead in paint regulation was enforced. The authors warned of the possible export of lead-painted consumer products to the United States and other countries and the dangers the lead paint represented to children in the countries where it was available for purchase. The need for a worldwide ban on the use of lead in paints was emphasized to prevent an increase in exposure and disease from this ve...
Source: Environmental Research - August 2, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Clark CS, Rampal KG, Thuppil V, Roda SM, Succop P, Menrath W, Chen CK, Adebamowo EO, Agbede OA, Sridhar MK, Adebamowo CA, Zakaria Y, El-Safty A, Shinde RM, Yu J Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Factors influencing intestinal cadmium uptake in pregnant Bangladeshi women-A prospective cohort study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, intestinal uptake of Cd appears to be influenced either directly or indirectly by several micronutrients, in particular Fe, Mn and Zn. The negative association with Ca may suggest that Cd inhibits the transport of Ca to blood. PMID: 19646688 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - July 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Kippler M, Goessler W, Nermell B, Ekström EC, Lönnerdal B, El Arifeen S, Vahter M Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Risk to consumers from mercury in bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) from New Jersey: Size, season and geographical effects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, 41% of the fish had mercury levels above 0.3ppm, 20% had levels above 0.5ppm, and 4% had levels above 1ppm. Size was highly correlated with mercury levels, but not with selenium. While selenium levels did not vary at all with season, mercury levels decreased significantly. This relationship was not due to differences in the size of fish, since the fish collected in the summer were the smallest, but had intermediate mercury levels. Mercury levels declined from early June until November, particularly for the smaller-sized fish. While there were significant locational differences in mercury levels (but not sele...
Source: Environmental Research - July 27, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Burger J Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

The mink is not a reliable sentinel species.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a recent review paper, Basu et al. [Basu, N., Scheuhammer, A.M., Bursian, S.J., Elliott, J., Rouvinen-Watt, K., Chan, H.M., 2007. Mink as a sentinel species in environmental health. Environ. Res. 103, 130-144] suggested that the American mink (formerly Mustela vison, now Neovison vison) should be used as a sentinel species for studies of the effects of pollution on environmental health. They based this assertion in large part on their conclusion that mink meet a set of criteria required by a sentinel species. In this commentary, we suggest that Basu et al. overlooked an important criterion for sentinel species - tha...
Source: Environmental Research - July 26, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Bowman J, Schulte-Hostedde AI Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Homocysteine and cysteine concentrations are modified by recent exposure to environmental air pollution in São Paulo, Brazil.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Homocysteine and cysteine concentrations are modified by recent exposure to environmental air pollution in São Paulo, Brazil. Environ Res. 2009 Jul 24; Authors: Camasmie Abe K, de Campos Brandão L, Aguilar Calegare BF, Tufik S, do Nascimento Saldiva PH, D'Almeida V Millions of people worldwide are affected by anthropogenic air pollution derived from the combustion of fossil fuels. In this work, we tested the effects of fetal, lactation and post-weaning ambient air pollution exposure on total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations and on a downstream pathway element, the plasma cysteine (Cys) concentration...
Source: Environmental Research - July 23, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Camasmie Abe K, de Campos Brandão L, Aguilar Calegare BF, Tufik S, do Nascimento Saldiva PH, D'Almeida V Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

The mink is still a reliable sentinel species in environmental health.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19631935 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - July 22, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Basu N, Head J, Scheuhammer AM, Bursian SJ, Rouvinen-Watt K, Chan HM Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Changes in bone mineral density 10 years after marked reduction of cadmium exposure in a Chinese population.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The main focus of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of Cd on forearm bone mineral density after the cessation of the ingestion of Cd-polluted rice. A total of 458 persons (294 women, 164 men) from three Cd exposure areas (low, moderately, and heavy) participated in this study. Those living in the moderate and heavy exposure areas ceased ingesting Cd-polluted rice (0.51 and 3.7mg/kg, respectively) in 1996 (10 years prior to present analysis). The participants completed a questionnaire and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the proximal radius and ulna. The...
Source: Environmental Research - July 15, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chen X, Zhu G, Jin T, Akesson A, Bergdahl IA, Lei L, Weng S, Liang Y Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to butylate in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined butylate use and cancer risk more broadly in the AHS, a cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina. Pesticide use information was collected using self-administered questionnaires. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Two exposure metrics were used: lifetime exposure days (LD) and intensity-weighted lifetime exposure days (IWLD). We used two referent groups: unexposed to butylate and the lowest butylate usage category. This analysis included 19,655 applicators with complete butylate use information; 5297 applicators were exposed to ...
Source: Environmental Research - July 14, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lynch SM, Mahajan R, Beane Freeman LE, Hoppin JA, Alavanja MC Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

High bone matrix turnover predicts blood levels of lead among perimenopausal women.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Skeletal bone is the primary endogenous source of lead in circulating blood, particularly under conditions of accelerated bone turnover and mineral loss, such as pregnancy and postmenopausal osteoporosis. We studied the influence of bone turnover rate on the release of lead from bone in 1225 female farmers from 5 districts in Japan. We collected peripheral blood and urine samples and medical nutritional information, and measured forearm bone mineral density (BMD). We found that blood lead levels in perimenopausal women were highest among all groups studied. Analysis of data for subjects grouped by level of markers of b...
Source: Environmental Research - July 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Machida M, Sun SJ, Oguma E, Kayama F Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Multiple metals predict prolactin and thyrotropin (TSH) levels in men.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Exposure to a number of metals can affect neuroendocrine and thyroid signaling, which can result in adverse effects on development, behavior, metabolism, reproduction, and other functions. The present study assessed the relationship between metal concentrations in blood and serum prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) levels, markers of dopaminergic, and thyroid function, respectively, among men participating in a study of environmental influences on male reproductive health. Blood samples from 219 men were analyzed for concentrations of 11 metals and serum levels of PRL and TSH. In multiple linear regression models adj...
Source: Environmental Research - July 9, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Meeker JD, Rossano MG, Protas B, Diamond MP, Puscheck E, Daly D, Paneth N, Wirth JJ Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Exposure to ambient levels of particles emitted by traffic worsens emphysema in mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that exposure to urban levels of PM worsens protease-induced emphysema and increases pulmonary remodeling. We suggest that an increase in oxidative stress induced by PM exposure influences this response. These pulmonary effects of PM were observed only in mice with emphysema. PMID: 19362299 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - June 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lopes FD, Pinto TS, Arantes-Costa FM, Moriya HT, Biselli PJ, Ferraz LF, Lichtenfels AJ, Saldiva PH, Mauad T, Martins MA Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals

Determinants of regional differences in the incidence of impetigo.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The regional differences in the incidence of impetigo in children cannot be explained by the variation in the presence of farm animals or differences in temperature. PMID: 19368906 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Environmental Research)
Source: Environmental Research - June 28, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Razmjou RG, Willemsen SP, Koning S, Oranje AP, Schellevis F, van der Wouden JC Tags: Environ Res Source Type: journals