Continued decline in the incidence of myocardial infarction beyond the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study of the Swedish population aged 60 and older during 2015 –2022
This study aims to shed light on the seemingly paradoxical relationship between COVID-19 and myocardial infarction occurrence on the population level by exploring long-term trends in incidence rates, case fatality, and proportion of patients dying before reaching a hospital. Our work is based on a linkage of administrative registers covering the entire population aged 60 + in Sweden. Considering both long-term trends since 2015 and seasonal variability, we compared observed incidence, case fatality, and proportions of patients hospitalized to expected values during 2020–2022. Despite more than 200 laboratory-confirm...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 23, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
The underestimated preventive effects of flexible sigmoidoscopy screening: re-analysis and meta-analysis of randomized trials
AbstractFlexible sigmoidoscopy (FS), which is less invasive, resource intensive and costly than colonoscopy, is among the recommended screening options for colorectal cancer (CRC). Four large randomized trials consistently reported statistically significant, albeit modest effects of screening by FS on CRC incidence. However, their effect estimates included cancers that were already prevalent at recruitment and could not have been prevented by screening. We performed a re-analysis and meta-analysis of two of the trials (including the largest one) to estimate reduction of truly incident cases by a single FS offered between 5...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 20, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Correction: Agricultural activities and risk of Alzheimer ’s disease: the TRACTOR project, a nationwide retrospective cohort study
(Source: European Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Design, cohort profile and comparison of the KTD-Innov study: a prospective multidimensional biomarker validation study in kidney allograft rejection
AbstractThere is an unmet need for robust and clinically validated biomarkers of kidney allograft rejection. Here we present the KTD-Innov study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03582436), an unselected deeply phenotyped cohort of kidney transplant recipients with a holistic approach to validate the clinical utility of precision diagnostic biomarkers. In 2018–2019, we prospectively enrolled consecutive adult patients who received a kidney allogr aft at seven French centers and followed them for a year. We performed multimodal phenotyping at follow-up visits, by collecting clinical, biological, immunological, and histological p...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Congenital anomalies during Covid-19: artifact of surveillance or a real TORCH?
We examined whether SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy or exposure to pandemic conditions were associated with the risk of congenital anomalies. We carried out a retrospective study of 420,222 neonates born in Quebec, Canada in two time periods: prepandemic (January 1, 2017 to March 12, 2020) vs. pandemic (March 13, 2020 to March 31, 2022). We classified pandemic births as early (first trimester completed before the pandemic) or late (first trimester during the pandemic), and identified patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections during pregnancy. We applied (1) adjusted log-binomial regression models to assess the association ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 9, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
A population-based cohort of drug exposures and adverse pregnancy outcomes in China (DEEP): rationale, design, and baseline characteristics
AbstractThe DEEP cohort is the first population-based cohort of pregnant population in China that longitudinally documented drug uses throughout the pregnancy life course and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The main goal of the study aims to monitor and evaluate the safety of drug use through the pregnancy life course in the Chinese setting. The DEEP cohort is developed primarily based on the population-based data platforms in Xiamen, a municipal city of 5 million population in southeast China. Based on these data platforms, we developed a pregnancy database that documented health care services and outcomes in the maternal a...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 9, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
The AccelerAge framework: a new statistical approach to predict biological age based on time-to-event data
AbstractAging is a multifaceted and intricate physiological process characterized by a gradual decline in functional capacity, leading to increased susceptibility to diseases and mortality. While chronological age serves as a strong risk factor for age-related health conditions, considerable heterogeneity exists in the aging trajectories of individuals, suggesting that biological age may provide a more nuanced understanding of the aging process. However, the concept of biological age lacks a clear operationalization, leading to the development of various biological age predictors without a solid statistical foundation. Thi...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 6, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Metabolic profiling of smoking, associations with type 2 diabetes and interaction with genetic susceptibility
AbstractBackgroundSmokers are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We investigated if the smoking-T2D association is mediated by alterations in the metabolome and assessed potential interaction with genetic susceptibility to diabetes or insulin resistance.MethodsIn UK Biobank (n = 93,722), cross-sectional analyses identified 208 metabolites associated with smoking, of which 131 were confirmed in Mendelian Randomization analyses, including glycoprotein acetyls, fatty acids, and lipids. Elastic net regression was applied to create a smoking-related metabolic signature. W ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - March 31, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
A prospective study of smoking-related white blood cell DNA methylation markers and risk of bladder cancer
AbstractBladder cancer, a common neoplasm, is primarily caused by tobacco smoking. Epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation have the potential to be used as prospective markers of increased risk, particularly in at-risk populations such as smokers. We aimed to investigate the potential of smoking-related white blood cell (WBC) methylation markers to contribute to an increase in bladder cancer risk prediction over classical questionnaire-based smoking metrics (i.e., duration, intensity, packyears) in a nested case –control study within the prospective prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - March 30, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Prevalence of functional disorders across Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AbstractFunctional Disorders (FD) refer to persistent somatic symptoms caused by changes in the functioning of bodily processes. Previous findings suggest that FD are highly prevalent, but overall prevalence rates for FD in European countries are scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to estimate the point prevalence of FD in adult general populations. PubMed and Web of Science were searched from inception to June 2022. A generalized linear mixed-effects model for statistical aggregation was used for statistical analyses. A standardized quality assessment was performed, and PRISMA guidelines were followed. A to...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - March 29, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
The public-health mindset
(Source: European Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - March 20, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
