Experimental GerontologyThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the latest items in this publication.

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6

275 records returned

Skeletal muscle autophagy and apoptosis during aging: effects of calorie restriction and life-long exercise.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sarcopenia, loss of muscle mass and function, is a common feature of aging. Oxidative damage and apoptosis are likely underlying factors. Autophagy, a process for the degradation of cellular constituents, may be a mechanism to combat cell damage and death. We investigated the effect of age on autophagy and apoptosis in plantaris muscle of male Fischer344 rats that were either fed ad libitum, or mild, life-long calorie restricted (CR) alone or combined with life-long voluntary exercise. Upstream autophagy regulatory proteins were either upregulated with age (Beclin-1) or unchanged (Atg7 and 9). LC3 gene and protein expr...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - November 7, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Wohlgemuth SE, Seo AY, Marzetti E, Lees HA, Leeuwenburgh C Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Comparison of urodynamic effects of phytoestrogens equol, puerarin and genistein with these of estradiol 17beta in ovariectomized rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Whether urinary incontinence in the postmenopause can be prevented or delayed by estrogens is currently controversially debated. Ovariectomized (ovx) rats have been successfully used as models in the past years but plant derived substances with estrogenic effects in the lower urinary tract have not been studied so far. Therefore we compared the effects of a 3 months lasting oral administration of estradiol 17ss (E2) with those of the phytoestrogens equol, genistein and puerarin. They were then anaesthetized and catheterized with a biluminal catheter having one outlet in the bladder and another in the urethra at the lev...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - November 7, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Thielemann A, Wuttke W, Wuttke M, Seidlova-Wuttke D Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Editorial.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19897024 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - November 5, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Humpel C Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Protein kinase C as a peripheral biomarker for Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Numerous studies have been performed, which assess an important role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the physiopathology of Alzheimer disease (AD). The alteration of PKC activity stimulates amyloid-beta peptides production and protein tau hyperphosphorylation. This recently led to consider PKC as a potential therapeutic target for disease modifying drugs. Moreover PKC alterations were also observed in peripheral cells including blood cells. This short review recalls the main findings on the role of PKC in the disease process and focuses on its use as an AD biomarker in blood cells. Using fluorescent probes specific for PK...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - November 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: de Barry J, Liégeois CM, Janoshazi A Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Hypercholesterolemia and 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase regulation in aged female rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Coronary heart disease is less prevalent in pre-menopausal women than in men, but increases at the onset of menopause. This delay is due to estrogen protective effects. The rise of cholesterolemia is one of the main risk factors for coronary disease. Since 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, it plays a pivotal role in cholesterol homeostasis maintenance. Aim of this study is to investigate whether HMGR is involved in the cholesterolemia increase that occurs during aging, and to consider its potential role as a target for estrogen protecti...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - November 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Trapani L, Violo F, Pallottini V Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Food presentation modifies longevity and the beneficial action of dietary restriction in Drosophila.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study shows that flies fed on liquid diets, sense sucrose and yeast nutrients and adapt to changes in the quantity and presentation of the two nutrients. They have a marked preference for sucrose and regulate their sucrose intake more tightly than their yeast intake. These preferences are not modified as fly age from 1 day to 30 days. Compensatory feeding suppresses the beneficial action of dietary restriction on longevity when flies are fed on liquid diets supplemented with yeast extracts. Flies which are given the choice to feed on separate yeast and sucrose food sources were longer lived than flies fed on nutrient ...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - November 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Vigne P, Frelin C Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Aging and the Force-Velocity Relationship of Muscles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Aging in humans is associated with a loss in neuromuscular function and performance. This is related, in part, to the reduction in muscular strength and power caused by a loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) and changes in muscle architecture. Due to these changes, the force-velocity (f-v) relationship of human muscles alters with age. This change has functional implications such as slower walking speeds. Different methods to reverse these changes have been investigated, including traditional resistance training, power training and eccentric (or eccentrically-biased) resistance training. This review will summarise...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 30, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Raj IS, Bird SR, Shield AJ Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Serum and Muscle Interleukin-15 Levels Decrease in Aging Mice; Correlation with Declines in Soluble Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Expression.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a skeletal muscle-derived cytokine with favorable effects on muscle mass and body composition. Modulation of IL-15 levels has been suggested as a treatment for sarcopenia and age-associated increases in adiposity. However, it is unclear whether IL-15 levels change during aging, as measurement of IL-15 at physiological concentrations in mice has been technically difficult, and translational regulation of IL-15 is complex. Moreover, the IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ralpha) can comprise part of a membrane-associated receptor complex, or appear as a soluble form which stabilizes IL-15 and facilitate...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 22, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Quinn LS, Anderson BG, Strait-Bodey L, Wolden-Hanson T Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Growth factors and cytokines/chemokines as surrogate biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid and blood for diagnosing Alzheimer s disease and mild cognitive impairment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe chronic neurodegenerative disorder of the brain. A probable diagnosis of AD can be obtained by cerebrospinal fluid levels of 3 biomarkers: beta-amyloid (1-42), total tau and phospho-tau-181. Researchers are interested in finding additional biomarkers in CSF to improve the specificity and sensitivity of diagnosis, including also other forms of dementia, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, less invasive diagnostic methods using blood or blood-derived cells are being investigated. This mini-review (in concert with the other reviews of this special issue) summarizes th...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 21, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Olson L, Humpel C Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Total and Phosphorylated Tau Protein as Biological Markers of Alzheimer's Disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Discussions with regulatory authorities gain momentum defining the role of tau biomarkers for trial designs and how they may be further qualified for surrogate marker status. PMID: 19853650 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 21, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hampel H, Blennow K, Shaw LM, Hoessler YC, Zetterberg H, Trojanowski JQ Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Drosophila foxo acts in males to cause sexual-dimorphism in tissue-specific p53 life span effects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sex-specific selective pressures are hypothesized to lead to sexually antagonistic gene functions that contribute to phenotypes such as aging and cancer. However, relatively little is known about the identity of such genes and possible mechanisms. Here we report that nervous system-specific over-expression of wild-type p53 in Drosophila caused decreased life span in males and increased life span in females. In contrast, tissue-general over-expression produced the opposite pattern: increased life span in males and decreased life span in females. In a foxo null background, p53 life span effects in males were reversed, be...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 15, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Shen J, Tower J Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Soluble cell adhesion molecules in monocytes of Alzheimer s disease and mild cognitive impairment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, our data show that monocytic cell adhesion moleculs are decreased in AD and MCI patients. Further larger longitudinal studies should then clarify whether any of these parameters may be useful as a diagnostic biomarker. PMID: 19836440 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 13, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hochstrasser T, Weiss E, Marksteiner J, Humpel C Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Zinc, copper and antioxidant enzyme activities in healthy elderly Tunisian subjects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the present study was to investigate age-related variations of zinc, copper and antioxidant enzyme activities (Superoxide dismutase: SOD, Glutathione peroxidise: GPx and Catalase: CAT) taking into account gender differences in a Tunisian elderly population. A group of 100 healthy elderly subjects (55 to 85 years old) were then separated in three sub-groups according to age intervals. A control group of 100 adults aged between 30 and 45 years was considered. The obtained results confirmed the decrease of plasma zinc level with age increase in both men and women. Moreover, prevalence of zinc deficiency incre...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 13, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sfar S, Jawed A, Braham H, Amor S, Laporte F, Kerkeni A Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Disentangling environmental effects on adult life span in a butterfly across the metamorphic boundary.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Life span is a central life history trait often showing tremendous variation within populations. A lot of this variation can be attributed to environmental factors. As in holometabolous insects life stages differ strikingly in physiology and energetic demands, environmental variation before and after metamorphosis may not necessarily yield identical responses. Therefore, we here adopted a full-factorial experimental design with two larval and two adult temperatures as well as two larval and three adult feeding treatments (n(total)= 1151). Identical temperatures yielded qualitatively different results depending on the d...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 13, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Bauerfeind SS, Perlick JE, Fischer K Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Modulating expression of brain heat shock proteins by estrogen in ovariectomized mice model of aging.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the relationship between estrogen and heat stress-induced brain HSPs expression in young and aged ovariectomized (OVX) mice was investigated. Our results show that heat stress-induced levels of HSP70 proteins and mRNA transcripts was significantly lower in brain of aged (12 month) OVX mice, compared with young (2 month) OVX mice group. Estrogen supplementation (17beta-estradiol 0.5 mg/kg for 7 days) restored heat stress-induced brain HSP70 expression and attenuated heat stress-induced brain DNA fragmentation, caspase3 activation and mitochondrial leakage of cytochrome C and AIF in OVX mice. These results sug...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 13, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hou Y, Wei H, Luo Y, Liu G Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Aged mice display an altered pulmonary host response to Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) infections.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study both young (8-12 week old) and aged (20-24 month old) mice were infected intranasally with LVS. Lung tissues from young and aged mice were used to assess pathology, recruitment of immune cell types and cytokine expression levels at various times post infection. Bacterial burdens were also assessed. Interestingly, the lungs of aged animals harbored fewer organisms at early time points of infection (day 1, day 3) compared with their younger counterparts. In addition, only aged animals displayed small perivascular aggregates at these early time points that appeared mostly mononuclear in nature. However, the kine...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 9, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Mares CA, Ojeda SS, Li Q, Morris EG, Coalson JJ, Teale JM Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Physical functioning related to C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels in mid-life women.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated whether subclinical inflammatory markers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen are related to measures of physical functioning in midlife women. Our sample included 543 participants in the Michigan site of Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Predictors included CRP from serum and fibrinogen from plasma. Performance-based outcomes included measures of gait, hand grip strength, flexibility, stair climb, 40-foot walk, and chair rise. Perception of physical functioning was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 questionnaire. Regression analyses adjusted for ...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 7, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Tomey K, Sowers M, Zheng H, Jackson EA Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Dissociated Amyloid-beta Antibody Levels as a Serum Biomarker for the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease: A Population-Based Study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we applied a recently described antibody-antigen dissociation technique to samples obtained as part of a population-based analysis of the prevalence of AD. Stratified sampling and random selection strategies were combined to obtain a representative population for screening of individuals older than 55 years. Serum antibodies to amyloid-beta (Abeta)(1-42) were measured before and after antigen dissociation. The difference between the two measurements was indicated as the dissociation delta (Delta). Our analyses showed that the levels of dissociated antibody in AD patients were always significantly different f...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 7, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Gustaw-Rothenberg KA, Siedlak SL, Bonda DJ, Lerner A, Tabaton M, Perry G, Smith MA Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Role of HDAC1 in senescence, aging, and cancer.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
HDAC1 is a member of the class I of histone deacetylases that also includes HDAC2, -3 and -8. Although HDAC1 has been mostly studied in the context of cancer, recent evidence strongly suggests that it plays critical roles in cellular senescence, aging of the liver, myelination, and adult neurogenesis. Here we review such roles and discuss the entangled relationships between HDAC1 with histone acetyltransferases and other HDACs including SIRT1. PMID: 19818845 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 6, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Willis-Martinez D, Timchenko NA, Medrano EE Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Site-specific bone loss in senescence-accelerated mouse (SAMP6): a murine model for senile osteoporosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we therefore investigated site (vertebra, femur and tibia) dependence of bone microstructure and bone mineral density (BMD) in SAMP6 and the normal control mouse (SAMR1) at 5 and 12 months of age using quantitative micro computed tomography (micro-CT) and image analysis software. As compared with SAMR1, the most prominent change in SAMP6 was the reduction of vertebral trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and trabecular BMD. Moderate decrease of trabecular bone mass was observed in the proximal tibia and distal femur. Increased marrow area and periosteal perimeter were investigated, though the cortical are...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 4, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Chen H, Zhou X, Emura S, Shoumura S Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Decline in oxygen consumption correlates with lifespan in long-lived and short-lived mutants ofC. elegans.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, furthermore, we used various lifespan-mutant strains to determine whether the previous conclusion is more likely to be true. We can indirectly estimate the metabolic energy by conveniently measuring the oxygen consumption rates of C. elegans using an optical apparatus. From the profile of respiratory rates as a function of age, we can quantitatively isolate the physiological decline rate, lambda, that exponentially represents the decay rate of respiratory activity with age. In addition, quantitative analysis indicates that the respiratory activity of worms has a finite value in advanced age. We also show tha...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - October 2, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Shoyama T, Shimizu Y, Suda H Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Predicting Death in Female Drosophila.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have previously described a phenomenon called the death spiral that is characterized by a rapid decline in female fecundity 6-15 days prior to death in Drosophila. To carry out destructive physiological analyses of females in the death spiral would require a method to reliably classify individual females via the prediction of their age at death. Using cohorts of Drosophila we describe how to use the observed mortality prior to some target day and a female's fecundity three days prior to the target day to determine if the female is in the death spiral. The method works at all ages and although the method does not res...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 28, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Mueller LD, Shahrestani P, Rauser CL Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia: clinical needs, limitations and future aspects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other types of dementia-causing disorders is vital in order to achieve effective treatments. Fortunately, in the recent years the search for specific biomarkers has undergone a rapid evolution. New technologies in proteomics and genomics have permitted great advances in defining biochemical markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in blood. Novel imaging techniques are also improving the diagnosis and early detection of brain changes in vivo. Furthermore, combined analysis of different biomolecules, or of biochemical and neuroimaging studies, increase diagnostic sensit...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 27, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Cedazo-Minguez A, Winblad B Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Alzheimer's disease Biomarker Discovery in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients: Experimental Approaches and Future Clinical Applications.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Current treatments for AD are not as effective as needed, nor is there any definitive antemortem diagnostic. Understanding the biological processes that occur during AD onset and/or progression will improve disease diagnosis and treatment. Recent applications of microarray technologies for analysis of messenger (m) RNA expression profiles have elucidated distinct changes in the brain as a function of AD dementia initiation and progression. However, mRNA analysis underestimates post-transcriptional modifications and therefore provides only a pa...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 27, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Ho L, Fivecoat H, Wang J, Pasinetti GM Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Blood-based Biomarkers of Microvascular Pathology in Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the emerging clinical diagnostic evidence for the value of blood-based microvascular biomarkers in AD is promising, hoewever, still requires validation in phase II and III diagnostic trials. Moreover, it is still unclear whether the described protein dysballances are early or downstream pathological events and how the detected systemic microvascular alterations relate to cerebrovascular and neuronal pathologies in the AD brain. PMID: 19782124 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 22, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Ewers M, Mielke MM, Hampel H Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Black Tea Theaflavins Extend the Lifespan of Fruit Flies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Black tea extract (BTE) is a mixture of epicatechins and theaflavins. The present study investigated the effect of BTE on the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster. Results showed the mean lifespan was significantly extended from 51 to 56 days upon BTE treatment. Gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD1 and SOD2), catalase (CAT) and methuselah (MTH) was characterized by an increase in young and then a decrease in aged fruit flies. Higher gene expression of SOD1 and CAT was observed in the BTE-treated group than the control flies. However, BTE exerted a minimal effect on the expression of SOD2 and MTH genes. Dietary ...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 17, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Peng C, Chan HY, Li YM, Huang Y, Chen ZY Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Cytomegalovirus and immune senescence: culprit or innocent bystander?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Immune senescence may be defined as the age-related reduction and dysregulation of immune function, and has been associated with increased incidence and severity of infectious diseases and with poor efficacy of prophylactic vaccines in the elderly. Several studies have demonstrated that persistent infections with Herpesviruses in general and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in particular have a profound influence on subset distribution, phenotype and potentially also on the function of T cells in ageing individuals. The association of CMV-seropositivity and accumulation of CMV-specific CD8(+) T cells with decreased survival in long...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 15, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Karrer U, Mekker A, Wanke K, Tchang V, Haeberli L Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

NF-kappaB signaling as a putative target for omega-3 metabolites in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the major reason of blindness of the elderly all over the world. AMD is characterized by a progressive loss of central vision attributable to degenerative and neovascular changes in the macula, the highly specialized region of the retina responsible for sharp and colour visual acuity. Degeneration and cell death of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) cause secondarily adverse effects on neural retina leading to visual loss. Most AMD patients cannot benefit from any treatment modalities. The prevalence of AMD is rising as a consequence of the aging of the population. As the R...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 10, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kaarniranta K, Salminen A Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Effect of LTA isolated from bifidobacteria on D-galactose-induced aging.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Taken together, the results indicated, for the first time, that LTA could suppress the aging process via the following several mechanisms, including enhancement of antioxidation activity in brain, improvement of immune function and alteration of gene expression. PMID: 19735715 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Yi ZJ, Fu YR, Li M, Gao KS, Zhang XG Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Polyamine-rich food decreases age-associated pathology and mortality in aged mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to test whether oral intake of foods rich in polyamines (spermine and spermidine) suppresses age-associated pathology in aged mice. Synthetic polyamines were mixed into experimental chows, and 24-week-old Jc1:ICR male mice were fed one of three chows containing differing polyamine concentrations. The spermine and spermidine concentrations in the low, normal, and high polyamine chows were 143 and 224 nmol/g, 160 and 434 nmol/g, and 374 and 1540 nmol/g, respectively. An increase in concentration of polyamine in the blood was found only in mice fed the high polyamine chow at 50 weeks of age. ...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Soda K, Dobashi Y, Kano Y, Tsujinaka S, Konishi F Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Short-term supplementation with acetyl-L-carnitine and lipoic acid alters plasma protein carbonyl levels but does not improve cognition in aged beagles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of supplementation with mitochondrial co-factors on cognition and plasma protein carbonyl levels in aged dogs. Specifically, we aimed to test whether the individual or combined action of lipoic acid (LA) and acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) could account for the beneficial effects of the enriched diet that contained both plus antioxidants. Dogs were given LA or ALCAR, alone and then in combination and cognition was assessed using a spatial learning task and two discrimination and reversal paradigms. Dogs receiving the ALCAR supplement showed an increase in protein carb...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Christie LA, Opii WO, Head E, Araujo JA, Rivera CD, Milgram NW, Cotman CW Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Attenuation of the inflammatory changes and lipid anomalies by epigallocatechin-3-gallate in hypercholesterolemic diet fed aged rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Epidemiological studies suggest that even in the absence of other risk factors advanced age itself significantly increases cardiovascular morbidity. Age aggravated inflammatory activity further plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications. EGCG, a major flavonoid present in green tea extract has been proved to be useful in lowering cholesterol levels thereby slowing down the progression of cardiovascular diseases in young animals. Thus, the endeavor of this study was to assess the impact of high cholesterol diet on aging and vice versa and to exploit the potential of EGCG to combat ...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 31, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kumaran VS, Sundarapandiyan R, Kalaiselvi P Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Lack of association between plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEA-S) levels and depression in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The study suggested that the lack of association between plasma DHEA-S levels and depression in hemodialysis patients. PMID: 19732820 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 31, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hsu HJ, Chen CK, Wu IW, Sun CY, Chou CC, Lee CC, Tsai CR, Wu MS Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Frailty with, but not that without Increased Abdominal Fat in Elders is Associated with Insulin Resistance in the Postabsorptive State.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Whether frail elderly subjects are more insulin resistant (IR) than non-frail is unclear. How obesity, muscle mass, inflammation, hormonal and lipid status, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity and physical activity influences insulin sensitivity (IS) in frail elderly subjects remains uncertain. We determined 1) whether frail elderly persons are more IR than non-frail elderly and 2) the influence of abdominal fat mass (AFM), muscle mass index (MMI), inflammation (CRP), hormonal (cortisol, free IGF-1, DHEA) and lipid (FFA, triglyceride (TG)) status, oxidative stress (paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), malondialdehyde (MDA)), anti...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 28, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Goulet ED, Hassaine A, Dionne IJ, Gaudreau P, Khalil A, Fulop T, Shatenstein B, Tessier D, Morais JA Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Date of eclosion modulates longevity: insights across dietary-restriction gradients and female reproduction in the mexfly Anastrepha ludens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present evidence for the presence of two frailty-sensitive weakly interacting mechanisms of longevity in female flies associated with differences in predisposed fitness. PMID: 19716408 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 25, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kulminski AM, Molleman F, Culminskaya IV, Arbeev KG, Ukraintseva SV, Carey JR, Yashin AI Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Long-term voluntary exercise of male mice induces more beneficial effects on cancellous and cortical bone than on the collagenous matrix.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effects of lifelong physical exercise on the composition, structure and mechanical properties of bone are not well understood. Earlier, we found that voluntary physical exercise improved various properties of bone in maturing male mice up to 6 months of age. In the present study, we extended the previous study to 18 months. Half of the mice (total N=144) had access to running wheels while half were kept sedentary. The collagen network was assessed biochemically and by tensile testing of decalcified bone. The mineralized femur was analyzed with pQCT and 3-point-bending of the diaphysis and neck-strength-test. The pr...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 21, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Isaksson H, Tolvanen V, Finnilä MA, Iivarinen J, Turunen A, Silvast TS, Tuukkanen J, Seppänen K, Arokoski JP, Brama PA, Jurvelin JS, Helminen HJ Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Blood cell markers in Alzheimer Disease: Amyloid Precursor Protein form ratio in platelets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A correct clinical diagnosis in the early stage of Alzheimer disease (AD) is mandatory given the current available treatment with acetylcholine esterase inhibitors. Moreover, a early to preclinical diagnosis would allow to identify patients eligible for future disease-modifying therapies. In the last ten years, we have focused our attention on peripheral markers, evaluating the role of platelet Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) forms as a reliable tool for AD diagnosis since preclinical stages. APP is the key player in AD pathogenesis, and platelets contain all the enzymatic machinery to its processing, thus being the id...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 19, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Borroni B, Agosti C, Marcello E, Luca MD, Padovani A Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Biomarkers of inflammation and amyloid-beta phagocytosis in patients at risk of Alzheimer disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The ultimate goal of diagnostic research is a blood test detecting the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) before neuronal damage develops. Current amyloid-beta(Abeta) tests do not detect the process leading to neurodegeneration. Novel immunologic and proteomics tests are based on aberrant appearance of inflammatory cytokines in the CSF and other protein biomarkers in the CSF or blood, and immune biomarkers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC's). Cytokines, chemokines, complement factors, serum amyloid P component, and signaling proteins in the CSF or blood may be a rich source of diagnostic biomarkers, but the powe...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 19, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Fiala M, Veerhuis R Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Amyloid beta and APP as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews recent research advances on CSF and plasma Abeta-related biomarkers for AD and how they may reflect pathogenic changes in AD-affected neuronal networks. We also consider their usefulness in clinical practice and in clinical trials. PMID: 19698775 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 17, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Hanse E Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Contrasted effects of suppressing live yeast from food on longevity, aging and resistance to several stresses in Drosophila melanogaster.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study thus reports some positive effects of suppressing live yeast on longevity, contrarily to previous studies of the same laboratory using other DR methods, but also shows that the absence of live yeast increases frailty. The effects of live yeast in flies are thus contrasted, and it is probable that flies without a high amount of proteins in the diet would not survive for a long time in the wild, due to their inability to resist stress and their low fecundity. PMID: 19666103 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology)
Source: Experimental Gerontology - August 6, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Rohellec ML, Bourg EL Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Biomarkers of Aging and Disease: Introduction and Definitions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The concept of biomarkers of aging and age-related disease began to appear in the gerontologic and geriatric literature in the early 1980s as investigators were wrestling with the disconnect between chronological age and lifespan across and within species. In those early days, the interest was in eliminating the confounding influence of disease from research on aging so that biomarkers of underlying processes of aging could be developed (Ludwig & Smoke, 1981; Reff & Schneider, 1982; Sprott & Schneider, 1985). The question of what was aging and what was disease was at the core of the development of scientifi...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 30, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sprott RL Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Divergent regulation of adipose tissue metabolism by calorie restriction and inhibition of growth hormone signaling.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Calorie restriction (CR) and a reduced growth hormone (GH) signal affect insulin sensitivity and lifespan in mammals in a similar manner. We investigated the effects of CR and moderate inhibition of GH on glucose-stimulated activation of insulin signaling and the expression of genes related to fat metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT) in rats. We used 10-month-old male, wild-type (W) Wistar rats, fed ad libitum (AL) or a 30% CR diet from 6weeks of age, and transgenic (Tg) rats with moderately suppressed GH signaling. Rats were killed 15min after an intraperitoneal injection of glucose or saline. In control W-AL rats...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 27, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Park S, Komatsu T, Hayashi H, Trindade LS, Yamaza H, Chiba T, Shimokawa I Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Effects of mild calorie restriction and high-intensity interval walking in middle-aged and older overweight Japanese.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated whether a combination of mild calorie restriction (MCR) and high-intensity interval walking (HIW) improved physical fitness more than HIW alone in middle-aged and older overweight Japanese (40-69 years old, BMI >/= 23.6 kg/m(2)). Forty-seven women and 16 men were divided into MCR+HIW and HIW groups. All subjects performed HIW: >/= 5 sets of 3-min low-intensity walking (40% peak aerobic capacity for walking, VO(2peak)) and 3-min high-intensity walking (>/= 70% VO(2peak)) per day, >/= 4 days per week, for 16 weeks while energy expenditure was monitored with a tri-axial accelerometer. The MCR+H...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 24, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sawashita J, Onitsuka S, Gen-No H, Ishikawa S, Iino F, Tateishi N, Murakami T, Seki Y, Nagaiwa T, Hanaoka M, Hama S, Nose H, Higuchi K Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Rejuvenation in distinct cell populations - what does it mean?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Rejuvenation represents a well organized and tightly regulated cellular process in vitro and in vivo, whereby senescent and/or certain differentiated cells revert specific properties acquired during previous steps of maturation to restore again a younger phenotype. Effects of the microenvironment and cellular mechanisms including asymmetric mitosis or retrodifferentiation can contribute to rejuvenation during a dynamic cellular development in contrast to terminally differentiated cells like unicellular organisms, which appear unable to retrodifferentiate and to rejuvenate. The process of rejuvenation is observed in dis...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 24, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hass R Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Effect of melatonin and tryptophan on humoral immunity in young and old ringdoves (streptopelia risoria).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Melatonin is involved in the regulation of both cellular and humoral immunity. In the present study we have evaluated the effect of the oral administration of melatonin and its precursor, the amino acid tryptophan, on humoral immune response in ringdoves (Streptopelia risoria) from different age groups. Male and female ringdoves of 4-5 years of age (young) and 12-14 years of age (old) were used in this study. The animals received a single capsule of 300 mg/kg b.w. of tryptophan (old animals) for 3 consecutive days one hour after lights on or a single oral dose (0.25 or 2.5 mg/kg body weight/0.1 ml per animal/day, young...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 22, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Terrón MP, Delgado J, Paredes SD, Barriga C, Reiter RJ, Rodríguez AB Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Microarray analysis of senescent vascular smooth muscle cells: A link to atherosclerosis and vascular calcification.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Little is known about the senescent phenotype of human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the potential involvement of senescent VSMCs in age-related vascular disease, such as atherosclerosis. As such, VSMCs were grown and characterised in vitro to generate senescent VSMCs needed for microarray analysis (Affymetrix). Comparative analysis of the transcriptome profiles of early (14 CPD) and late (39-42 CPD) passage VSMCs found a total of 327 probesets called as differentially expressed: 149 are up-regulated in senescence and 178 repressed (p-value < 0.5%, minimum effect size of at least 2-fold differential regul...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 21, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Burton DG, Giles PJ, Sheerin AN, Smith SK, Lawton JJ, Ostler EL, Rhys-Williams W, Kipling D, Faragher RG Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Roles of the Lipid Peroxidation Product 4-Hydroxynonenal in Obesity, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Associated Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A rising tide of obesity and type 2 diabetes has resulted from the development of technologies that have made inexpensive high calorie foods readily available and exercise unnecessary for many people. Obesity and the metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, visceral adiposity and dyslipidemia) wreak havoc on cells throughout the body thereby promoting cardiovascular and kidney disease, and degenerative diseases of the brain and body. Obesity and insulin resistance promote disease by increasing oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA as the result of a combination of increased free radical production and an impaired...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 17, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Mattson MP Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Increase in double-stranded DNA break-related foci in early-stage thymocytes of aged mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in aging are notoriously complex. Aging-related immune decline of T lymphocyte function is partly caused by attrition of thymic T cell development, which involves programmed creation and repair of DNA breaks for generating T cell receptors. Aging also leads to significant alterations in the cellular DNA repair ability. We show that higher levels of gamma-phosphorylated H2AX (pH2AX), which marks DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs), were detectable in early thymocyte subsets of aged as compared to young mice. Also, while only 1-2 foci of nuclear accumulation of pH2AX were detectab...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 10, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hesse JE, Faulkner MF, Durdik JM Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Age-Related Increase of Prostaglandin D(2) Synthase Concentration and Glycation in Ovine Cerebrospinal Fluid.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Prostaglandin D(2) synthase (PGDS) is a glycoprotein that is exclusively brain-derived and is one of the most abundant proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Due to its high CSF specificity, it can be used as a tool for the diagnosis of the central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, several studies have yielded contradictory CSF PGDS concentrations in various CNS neurodegenerative disorders. Sheep CSF samples from different ages were used in this study and 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was applied in PGDS identification and concentration calculation. SYPRO Ruby Protein Gel Stain was the staining method...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 8, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Chen CP, Chen RL, Preston JE Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals

Does Dietary Restriction Reduce Life Span in Male Fruit-feeding Butterflies?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Male life history and resource allocation is not frequently studied in aging and life span research. Here we verify that males of long-lived fruit-feeding butterfly species have reduced longevity on restricted diets (Beck 2007 Oecologia), in contrast to the common finding of longevity extension in dietary restriction experiments in Drosophila and some other organisms. Males of some of the most long-lived species of fruit-feeding butterflies were collected from Kibale Forest, Uganda, and kept on diets of either sugar or mashed banana. Seven out of eight species had non-significantly longer life spans on mashed banana di...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - July 2, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Molleman F, Ding J, Boggs CL, Carey JR, Arlet ME Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: journals