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302 records returned

Breast cancer care in the Canada and the United States: Ecological comparisons of extremely impoverished and affluent urban neighborhoods.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the differential effect of extreme impoverishment on breast cancer care in urban Canada and the United States. Ontario and California registry-based samples diagnosed between 1998 and 2000 were followed until 2006. Extremely poor and affluent neighborhoods were compared. Poverty was associated with non-localized disease, surgical and radiation therapy (RT) waits, non-receipt of breast conserving surgery, RT and hormonal therapy, and shorter survival in California, but not in Ontario. Extremely poor Ontario women were consistently advantaged on care indices over their California counterparts. More inclus...
Source: Health & Place - September 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Gorey KM, Luginaah IN, Hamm C, Fung KY, Holowaty EJ Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Modeling coronary heart disease prevalence in regional and sociodemographic contexts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The mortality rates from coronary heart disease (CHD) have been documented extensively in the United States and substantial disparities in CHD mortality rates exist by age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location. The prevalence of people living with CHD, however, is relatively unexplored in part due to the lack of data. Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for 2005-2007, this study develops a logistic regression model to estimate the probability of CHD prevalence while incorporating key factors associated with CHD mortality rates. The findings highlight that older w...
Source: Health & Place - September 22, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Michimi A Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Vector fields of risk: A new approach to the geographical representation of childhood asthma.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
One of the major challenges in health studies with a spatial dimension is to produce valid and meaningful geographical representations of risk. This issue has arisen in our research on childhood asthma and proximity to traffic in Perth, Western Australia. To illustrate the spatial variation in risk over the study area, we developed a method for constructing a "risk field" map and applied this method to our study population. Cases and controls aged 0-19 years were defined using emergency department presentations from 2002 to 2006. For each asthma case, two matched controls were obtained. Geocoded residential addresses w...
Source: Health & Place - September 18, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Pereira G, De Vos AJ, Cook A, D'Arcy J Holman C Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Place of death in metropolitan regions: Metropolitan versus non-metropolitan variation in place of death in Belgium, The Netherlands and England.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Place of death is an important societal indicator of end-of-life quality for the terminally ill. Using death certificate data, we examined metropolitan/non-metropolitan variation in place of death of patients with life-limiting conditions in Belgium, The Netherlands and England. Metropolitan patients were less likely to die at home and, in England, less likely to die in care homes, than non-metropolitan terminally ill. We found a lesser degree of social support and lower availability of care home beds as partial explanations of the metropolitan/non-metropolitan discrepancy. These findings warrant specific approaches to...
Source: Health & Place - September 15, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Houttekier D, Cohen J, Bilsen J, Addington-Hall J, Onwuteaka-Philipsen B, Deliens L Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

The role of physical structures in implementing the Norwegian guidelines for healthy school meals.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Drawing on a multiple case design, this study examines the role of physical structures in the implementation of national guidelines for healthy school meals at three Norwegian schools. Findings suggest that the degree of implementation of the guidelines was influenced by types of consumer product, facilities in buildings and regulation of access to neighbourhood facilities. Further, lack of adequate canteen facilities influenced the selection of food on offer, food safety and capacity. Students seeking an alternative to the traditional packed lunch were generally forced to eat their lunch away from the school. PMID...
Source: Health & Place - September 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Holthe A, Larsen T, Samdal O Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Patient satisfaction evaluations in different clinic care models: Care stratification under a national demonstration project.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Primary Community Care Networks (PCCNs) were the product of primary care health reform in Taiwan. Under the PCCN intervened nationwide as a demonstration project, there were three types of service contexts for clinic patients: (1) member patients in PCCN clinics; (2) non-member patients in PCCN clinics; and (3) patients in non-PCCN clinics. A multi-site, cross-sectional validated survey of 3143 outpatients receiving care in clinics was conducted to investigate quality of care delivered to these three distinct clinic patients. It revealed that member patients indicated a higher level of satisfaction with the care qualit...
Source: Health & Place - September 6, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lin BY, Lin CC, Lin YK Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

The socio-spatial distribution of alcohol outlets in Glasgow city.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Considerations of the local context are important in examining access to alcohol but more research is also required on purchasing behaviour. PMID: 19775927 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Health & Place - September 1, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ellaway A, Macdonald L, Forsyth A, Macintyre S Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

The buffering effects of ethnic density on experienced racism and health.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the ethnic density effect and hypothesised that ethnic minority people who live in areas of high ethnic density would report decreased experienced racism and better health outcomes compared to their counterparts living in areas of low ethnic density. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted using data from the Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities and the 1991 UK Census. Results showed a negative association between ethnic density and psychotic symptomatology, but no evidence of an association between ethnic density and general self-rated health. Findings confirm that the experience of rac...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Bécares L, Nazroo J, Stafford M Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Parolees' physical closeness to health service providers: a study of California parolees.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We studied a sample of parolees and health service providers in the state of California in 2005-2006 to examine the relative physical closeness to health providers (and the potential demand of these providers) of parolees based on their demographic and prior offending characteristics. Although African-American and Latino parolees have more health providers nearby, these providers have considerably more potential demand. The health providers near long-term prisoners and sex offenders have more potential demand. The results suggest inequity in access to services, as minority parolees and those with greater needs may live...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Hipp JR, Jannetta J, Shah R, Turner S Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

The role of environmental and individual factors in the social epidemiology of chikungunya disease on Mayotte Island.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article examines the role of environmental and individual factors in the social epidemiology of chikungunya disease on the island of Mayotte (South-western Indian Ocean). In an epidemic setting, an interdisciplinary study combining interviews, observations, and serological tests was conducted to: (1) estimate the frequency and social distribution of chikungunya disease and (2) identify its principal cognitive, behavioral, and environmental determinants within a stratified random sample of the Mayotte population (n=888). Semi-parametric tests and multiple correspondence analyses were used to describe the statistical re...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Raude J, Setbon M Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Density and type of food retailers surrounding Canadian schools: variations across socioeconomic status.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Lower socioeconomic status (SES) neighbourhoods may have differential access to food retailers, potentially explaining the varying area-level obesity rates. The food retail environment around 188 schools across Canada was examined, including full-service restaurants, fast food restaurants, sub/sandwich retailers, donut/coffee shops, convenience stores, and grocery stores. School addresses were linked to census data to obtain area-level SES measures. Access to food retailers was generally not associated with the neighbourhood SES in the immediate proximity. Within the broader neighbourhood, lower SES neighbourhoods had ...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Seliske LM, Pickett W, Boyce WF, Janssen I Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Place, positionality, and priorities: experts' views on women's health at the Mexico-US border.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Improving health care in the Mexican-US transborder region presents challenges not only of harmonization of systems but differences in values and expectations for policies. We explore the contrasting and overlapping views of health experts in both countries regarding the ways in which geographic location, scale, and professional roles shape their notions of the region, priorities for women's health, and interpretations of the socio-cultural concept of gender in relation to health. The study is based on interviews with legislators, health administrators, health advocates, and researchers on each side of the border. We s...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Monk J, Manning P, Denman C, Cornejo E Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

From the family universe to the outside world: family relations, school attitude, and perception of racism in Caribbean and Filipino adolescents.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Caribbean and Filipino immigrant families in Canada have much in common: the women have often immigrated as domestic workers, first-generation children may be separated from their parents for long periods, and they must deal with negative stereotypes of their ethnic group. This transcultural study looks at the associations between family relations and adolescents' perceptions of both their own group and the host society, and analyzes how these affect their mental health. The results suggest that family cohesion plays a key role in shaping adolescents' perceptions of racism in the host country and in promoting a positiv...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Rousseau C, Hassan G, Measham T, Moreau N, Lashley M, Castro T, Blake C, McKenzie G Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Tuberculosis and the city.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Unrecognized tuberculosis transmission outside the household has led to "micro-epidemics". We sought to evaluate how frequently locations outside the household were addressed in tuberculosis contact investigations, and to identify associated patient factors. We reviewed all tuberculosis patients reported in Montreal, Canada, during 1996-2004. Among this largely foreign-born patient population, investigation of locations outside the household was limited: there was documented attendance at 1 non-household location for 40% of the most contagious patients. Given complex, dispersed patterns of work, educational attendance,...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Carter A, Zwerling A, Olson S, Tannenbaum TN, Schwartzman K Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Effects of neighborhood racial composition on birthweight.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We employed multilevel models to estimate the effects of neighborhood racial composition on birthweight, using a national urban sample of 1871 births to unmarried black mothers from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing birth cohort study. The mothers lived in 1181 census tracts with substantial variability in racial composition and poverty. Controlling for individual characteristics, census tract poverty, and city characteristics, the proportion black in the mother's census tract had no linear association with infant birthweight. There was an observed non-linear association, but the pattern was inconsistent with pr...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Reichman NE, Teitler JO, Hamilton ER Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

"To me it's just another tool to help understand the evidence": public health decision-makers' perceptions of the value of geographical information systems (GIS).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
While geographical information systems (GIS) have applications in a range of diverse fields, they remain underused by decision-makers in health settings. Through analysis of data captured in semi-structured interviews, the paper explores four thematic areas (the ontological, power, functionality and collaboration discourses) to understand how GIS are perceived and valued by public health decision-makers. The findings suggest that although GIS are viewed as useful tools to inform decision-making, they are in no way a panacea for practice. Participants' concerns that GIS outputs can potentially be misinterpreted or used ...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Joyce K Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Assessing the suitability of host communities for secondary palliative care hubs: a location analysis model.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study presents a location analysis model designed to determine appropriate locations to allocate palliative care services. Secondary palliative care hubs (PCH) are introduced as an option for delivering these services in rural and remote regions. Results suggest that several BC communities may be appropriate locations for secondary PCHs. This model could be applied to the allocation of palliative care resources in other jurisdictions with similar rural and remote regions. PMID: 19269241 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Cinnamon J, Schuurman N, Crooks VA Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Spaces of psychiatric contention: a case study of a therapeutic community.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article uses a historical case study of a day hospital therapeutic community (TC) to explore the emergence of particular spaces of psychiatric contention. Using ideas from critical social geography, it employs the notion of 'convergent spaces' to understand how particular sites become important in the development of innovative practice and new social movements. It argues that these spaces of convergence enabled innovation to occur through a collectivised social setting where commonalities were expressed, new resistant identities forged and charismatic figures such as 'tricksters' emerge to challenge and subvert psychi...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Spandler H Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Environmental correlates of children's active transportation: a systematic literature review.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This systematic review investigated the environmental (physical, economic, socio-cultural and political) correlates of active transportation (AT) among young people aged 5-18 years to better inform the promotion of active living. Greater distance, increasing household income and increasing car ownership are consistently associated with lower rates of AT among children. Having a non-white ethnic background has a convincing positive association with AT. Having recreation facilities and walk or bike paths present are possibly associated with higher rates of AT. Further research requires longitudinal and intervention studi...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Pont K, Ziviani J, Wadley D, Bennett S, Abbott R Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Examining the interaction between food outlets and outdoor food advertisements with primary school food environments.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study considered the environment of food outlets and outdoor food advertisements surrounding four case study primary schools in New Zealand, and the impact of that external environment on within-school food environments. The shortest travel route between school and home addresses, and the number of food outlets and advertisements passed on that route, was calculated for each student. Interviews with school management were conducted. The schools with a higher percentage of students passing food outlets and advertisements considered that their presence impacted on efforts within schools to improve the food environment. ...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Walton M, Pearce J, Day P Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Urban-rural residence and the occurrence of neural tube defects in Texas, 1999-2003.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the pattern and magnitude of urban-rural variation in anencephaly, spina bifida without anencephaly, and encephalocele in Texas in relation with urban-rural residence for the period 1999-2003. There was no evidence that urban-rural residence was associated with changes in the rate of anencephaly or spina bifida without anencephaly in unadjusted or adjusted analyses. In contrast, rates of encephalocele were statistically significantly higher in areas classified as suburban or more rural compared to urban areas using four different urban-rural residence indicators. PMID: 19299192 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Luben TJ, Messer LC, Mendola P, Carozza SE, Horel SA, Langlois PH Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Innovation in a backwater: The Harpurhey Resettlement Team and the mental health services of North Manchester, 1982-1987.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper explores the circumstances around the setting up of the Harpurhey Resettlement Team, an innovative project which, in the late 1980s, resettled around 20 long-stay patients from Springfield Hospital in North Manchester into ordinary tenancies within the same neighbourhood. It argues that Springfield's position as a marginalised and neglected institution produced the conditions for such innovation; while the particular and unexpected convergence of national policies, local structures and institutional politics created space for a process of change which, in both form and outcome, could not have occurred in the...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Harrington V Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Economic, racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer in the US: towards a more comprehensive model.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Using cancer registry data, we focus on racial and ethnic disparities in stage of breast cancer diagnosis in Cook County, IL. The county health system is the "last resort" health-care provider for low-income persons. Socioeconomic status is measured using empirical Bayes estimates of tract-level poverty, specific to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks or Hispanics in one of three age groups. We use ordinal logistic regression with non-proportional odds to model stage. Blacks and Hispanics are at greater risk for regional and distant stage diagnosis, but the disparity declines with age. Women in high-poverty areas ...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Campbell RT, Li X, Dolecek TA, Barrett RE, Weaver KE, Warnecke RB Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Prairies, psychedelics and place: the dynamics of region in psychiatric research.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article considers the influence of location on the development of a medical theory that challenged prevailing ideas about the causation and treatment of mental illness and addiction. Drawing on perspectives from historians, political scientists, sociologists and geographers, this case study explores the historical meanings of region and place and combines older historiographical traditions, which define region in political terms, with concepts borrowed from other disciplines, which offer a more nuanced view of cultural geography, to examine the development of psychedelic research in the post-World War II period. P...
Source: Health & Place - July 30, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Dyck E Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Mixed land use and walkability: Variations in land use measures and relationships with BMI, overweight, and obesity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Few studies compare alternative measures of land use diversity or mix in relationship to body mass index. We compare four types of diversity measures: entropy scores (measures of equal distributions of walkable land use categories), distances to walkable destinations (parks and transit stops), proxy measures of mixed use (walk to work measures and neighborhood housing ages), and land use categories used in entropy scores. Generalized estimating equations, conducted on 5000 randomly chosen licensed drivers aged 25-64 in Salt Lake County, Utah, relate lower BMIs to older neighborhoods, components of a 6-category land use...
Source: Health & Place - July 4, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Brown BB, Yamada I, Smith KR, Zick CD, Kowaleski-Jones L, Fan JX Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

A farmers' market in a food desert: Evaluating impacts on the price and availability of healthy food.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several studies have examined supermarket access for low-income residents, but few have explored how access to healthy food changes when a new food retailer such as a farmers' market opens in a place previously known as a 'food desert'. This paper uses a 'before and after' approach to examine the impact of the introduction of a farmers' market on the price and availability of healthy food in an underserved urban neighbourhood. The farmers' market had a major impact on grocery prices in the neighbourhood, which decreased by almost 12% in 3 years. PMID: 19631571 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Health & Place - July 1, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Larsen K, Gilliland J Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

"They (ARVs) are my life, without them I'm nothing"-experiences of patients attending a HIV/AIDS clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper is a part of a larger study that explores the "social complexity" of antiretroviral therapy (ART), in resource-limited environments. Drawing on in-depth interviews with a sample of 44 patients in an urban HIV/AIDS clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa, this paper examines how people with HIV/AIDS conceptualise their illness and its treatment in this context. The paper concludes that the fear of stigma plays a significant role in patients' experiences throughout the disease trajectory. Yet, demonstrates that there are indications that ARVs are transforming the experience of living with HIV/AIDS and a process o...
Source: Health & Place - June 27, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Gilbert L, Walker L Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

On inequality, health, scientific progress and political argument: A response to Dorling and Barford.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19577948 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Health & Place - June 21, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Johnston R, Jen MH, Jones K Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Collective efficacy in Denver, Colorado: Strengthening neighborhoods and health through community gardens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Community gardens are viewed as a potentially useful environmental change strategy to promote active and healthy lifestyles but the scientific evidence base for gardens is limited. As a step towards understanding whether gardens are a viable health promotion strategy for local communities, we set out to examine the social processes that might explain the connection between gardens, garden participation and health. We analyzed data from semi-structured interviews with community gardeners in Denver. The analysis examined social processes described by community gardeners and how those social processes were cultivated by o...
Source: Health & Place - June 21, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Teig E, Amulya J, Bardwell L, Buchenau M, Marshall JA, Litt JS Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

The inequality hypothesis: Thesis, antithesis, and a synthesis?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19589717 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Health & Place - June 21, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Dorling D, Barford A Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

An enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method for measuring spatial accessibility to primary care physicians.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper presents an enhancement of the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method for measuring spatial accessibility, addressing the problem of uniform access within the catchment by applying weights to different travel time zones to account for distance decay. The enhancement is proved to be another special case of the gravity model. When applying this enhanced 2SFCA (E2SFCA) to measure the spatial access to primary care physicians in a study area in northern Illinois, we find that it reveals spatial accessibility pattern that is more consistent with intuition and delineates more spatially explicit health pro...
Source: Health & Place - June 18, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Luo W, Qi Y Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Geographic variability in geocoding success for West Nile virus cases in South Dakota.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Geocoding, the process of assigning each case a set of coordinates that closely approximates its true location, is an important component of spatial epidemiological studies. The failure to accurately geocode cases adversely affects the validity and strength of conclusions drawn from the analysis. We investigated whether there were differences among geographic locations and demographic classes in the ability to successfully geocode West Nile virus (WNV) cases in South Dakota. We successfully geocoded 1354 cases (80.8%) to their street address locations and assigned all 1676 cases to ZIP code tabulation areas (ZCTAs). Us...
Source: Health & Place - June 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Wey CL, Griesse J, Kightlinger L, Wimberly MC Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Neighbourhood deprivation and access to alcohol outlets: A national study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
People living in poor areas suffer higher mortality than those in wealthy areas. Environmental factors partly explain this association, including exposure to pollutants and accessibility of healthcare. We sought to determine whether proximity to alcohol outlets varied by area deprivation in New Zealand. Roadway travel distance from each census unit to the nearest alcohol outlet was summarised according to socioeconomic deprivation for each area. Analyses were conducted by license type (pubs/bars, clubs, restaurants, off-licenses) and community urban-rural status. Strong associations were found between proximity to the ...
Source: Health & Place - June 2, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Hay GC, Whigham PA, Kypri K, Langley JD Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Socio-demographic and perceived environmental correlates of walking in Portuguese adults-A multilevel analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several studies have identified associations between walking levels and socio-demographic and environmental variables. The aim of the present study was to describe walking patterns and examine associations between socio-demographic characteristics and perceived environmental attributes with walking among adults living in the Azorean Archipelago (Portugal). In all, 7330 adult participants (4104 women), aged 38.1+/-9.3 years, of the 2004 Azorean Physical Activity and Health Study answered the Environmental Module and the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Among the Azoreans, the environme...
Source: Health & Place - June 2, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Rute Santos MS, Susana Vale MS, Miranda L, Mota J Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

The determinants of First Nation and Inuit health: a critical population health approach.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Environmental dispossession disproportionately affects the health of Canada's Aboriginal population, yet little is known about how its effects are sustained over time. We use a critical population health approach to explore the determinants of health in rural and remote First Nation and Inuit communities, and to conceptualize the pathways by which environmental dispossession affects these health determinants. We draw from narrative analysis of interviews with 26 Community Health Representatives (CHRs) from First Nation and Inuit communities across Canada. CHRs identified six health determinants: balance, life control, ...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Richmond CA, Ross NA Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Poor prenatal care in an urban area: a geographic analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Poor prenatal care increases the risk of having a premature or low-birth-weight infant. Rates of poor prenatal care vary spatially, influenced not only by individual mothers' characteristics but also by social neighborhood context and proximity to healthcare services. The aim of this article is to identify and map the spatial patterns of prenatal care and to analyze the spatial and social origins of such inequalities. Our study concerns 30,338 individuals who received antenatal care in a highly urbanized French district: Seine-Saint-Denis. The geographical distribution of poor prenatal care is revealed by exploratory s...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Charreire H, Combier E Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Health and healthcare perspectives of African American residents of an unincorporated community: a qualitative assessment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we conducted focus groups to assess individual and community health status, environmental health mediators, and systematic barriers to healthcare among African American residents of the unincorporated town, Fresno, Texas. Residents described their individual health status as excellent, but depicted the community's health status as fair. Unaffordable healthcare, limited access to healthcare, and environmental mediators were perceived to impact the Fresno community's health status. Our findings suggest a need to begin to examine health outcomes for minority residents in other unincorporated communities. PM...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: King DW, Amy Snipes S, Herrera AP, Jones LA Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

The associations between active lifestyle, the size of a community and SES of the adult population in the Czech Republic.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the association between residential environment and physical activity in the Czech Republic. A sample of 9950 adults completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Males were more likely than females to meet the guidelines for vigorous (40.8% vs. 26.0%) and moderate physical activity (51.2% vs. 39.3%) but were less likely to walk for 150min a week (64.4% vs. 72.6%). Results showed that both males and females were more likely to be active in towns with less than 100000 residents. Current data are important for future comparisons as the Czech Republic develops. PMID: 18842449 [PubMed...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Frömel K, Mitás J, Kerr J Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Healthy food choices and physical activity opportunities in two contrasting Alabama cities.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Food and physical activity access and availability in two contrasting cities in Alabama were investigated. An in-outlet, observational, cross-sectional design was utilized to assess the opportunities for healthy food choices and physical activity. Thirty retail food outlets and 29 physical activity outlets were inventoried. None of the convenience stores carried frozen, low-sodium or dark-green, yellow vegetables, low-fat milk or yogurt, low-sodium and low-fat cheese, while none of the supermarkets in Tuskegee stocked low-sodium vegetables. In Tuskegee, the single public recreational area, which offered activities such...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Bovell-Benjamin AC, Hathorn CS, Ibrahim S, Gichuhi PN, Bromfield EM Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Naturism and sexuality: broadening our approach to sexual wellbeing.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aimed to investigate how people manage their sexuality when practicing naturism in the United Kingdom (UK). Thirty-nine self-identified naturists from across the UK were interviewed. Sexuality, when practicing naturism, was found often to be suppressed through the use of rules, geographical isolation and thoughts and behaviour. Some participants found ways of exploring and enjoying their sexuality by keeping feelings hidden and/or seeking out more sympathetic naturist environments. Naturist environments may offer a unique space in which to explore aspects of our sexuality that are currently pathologised, crimina...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Smith G, King M Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Participatory photo mapping (PPM): exploring an integrated method for health and place research with young people.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this manuscript we detail the application and utility of participatory photo mapping (PPM) for studying the implications of place for the health of children. PPM is a transdisciplinary approach that integrates digital tools, narrative interviewing and participatory protocols in order to produce knowledge that can be shared and acted upon by community-based health research partnerships. In discussing the application, strengths, and weaknesses of this method, we relate our own experiences with using PPM for a recent study of neighborhood health and safety that involved young people from a variety of age groups in Madi...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Dennis SF, Gaulocher S, Carpiano RM, Brown D Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Beyond foodscapes: considering geographies of Indigenous well-being.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Direct associations between food and health have been pursued traditionally through nutrition and health policy studies; however, geography has much to offer in providing a disciplinary context that can support a critique of this literature and the recognition of the critical significance of broader associations between culture, environment and well-being. This paper explores the potential of these opportunities by reviewing existing interests in food geographies and the wider attention being given to geographies of health and well-being. We then turn to consider dimensions of Indigenous life, health and well-being and...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Panelli R, Tipa G Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Acculturation, body image, and eating behaviours in Muslim-Australian women.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The relationship between western acculturation, body dissatisfaction, and eating behaviours was examined in a sample of 101 Muslim-Australian women between 18 and 44 years of age (M=27.3, SD=7.5). A questionnaire was completed containing measures of cultural identification (heritage and mainstream), body dissatisfaction and disordered eating (dietary control, bingeing and purging), internalization of the thin ideal, and self-esteem. A series of path analyses identified significant positive relationships between mainstream identification and the measures of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating that were mediated b...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mussap AJ Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Neighbourhood walkability and its particular importance for adults with a preference for passive transport.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, differences in physical activity between adults living in high versus low walkable neighbourhoods were examined. In Sint-Niklaas, Belgium, neighbourhood walkability was defined by geographical map data and observations. One high walkable and one low walkable neighbourhood were selected. A sample of 120 adults between 20 and 65 years old, agreed to participate in the study and wore a pedometer for seven days. Self-reported physical activity and psychosocial data were collected. Results showed that residents of the high walkable neighbourhood took more steps/day and walked more for transport in their neighbour...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Van Dyck D, Deforche B, Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Socioeconomic environment, availability of sports facilities, and jogging, swimming and gym use.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of the availability of sports facilities and socioeconomic environment with jogging, swimming and gym use in Spain. The indicators of availability of sports facilities were the number of swimming pools and the number of gyms per 10,000 population. The indicators of socioeconomic environment were average provincial income and provincial unemployment rate. The number of sports facilities was not related with either swimming or gym use and the indicators of socioeconomic environment were not associated with swimming in either sex, or with gym use in men. The findings of...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Pascual C, Regidor E, Martínez D, Elisa Calle M, Domínguez V Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Flooded homes, broken bonds, the meaning of home, psychological processes and their impact on psychological health in a disaster.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In 2005, Carlisle suffered severe flooding and 1600 houses were affected. A qualitative research project to study the social and health impacts was undertaken. People whose homes had been flooded and workers who had supported them were interviewed. The findings showed that there was severe disruption to people's lives and severe damage to their homes, and many suffered from psychological health issues. Phenomenological and transactional perspectives are utilised to analyse the psychological processes (identity, attachment, alienation and dialectics) underlying the meaning of home and their impact on psychological healt...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Carroll B, Morbey H, Balogh R, Araoz G Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Potential biases due to geocoding error in spatial analyses of official data.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Geospatial methods have been used extensively to examine associations between alcohol outlet density and various harms; however, the literature offers too little methodological detail to assess possible geocoding biases in these studies. We used New Zealand liquor licensing and crime data to assess geocoding error. For the year with the best data, 69% of offences could be accurately mapped (91% of those in urban areas, 38% in rural areas). There was considerable urban-rural variation in the accuracy and specificity of location data. If similar error exists in other jurisdictions, previous findings may be biased. Greate...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Hay G, Kypri K, Whigham P, Langley J Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Perceptions of the built environment in relation to physical activity in Portuguese adolescents.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the association between perceptions of the built environment and physical activity among Portuguese boys and girls. Participants were 1124 adolescents (592 girls and 532 boys) 12- to 18-years-old. Physical activity and perceptions of environmental characteristics were assessed by self-report questionnaires. Significantly more girls (p<0.01) were classified as low-active (61.5%) compared to boys (22.9%). Logistic regression analyses (adjusted for age) showed a significant association between girl's physical activity and availability of free- or low-cost recreational facilities in the neighb...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Santos MP, Page AS, Cooper AR, Ribeiro JC, Mota J Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Social contacts as a possible mechanism behind the relation between green space and health.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study explored whether social contacts are an underlying mechanism behind the relationship between green space and health. We measured social contacts and health in 10,089 residents of the Netherlands and calculated the percentage of green within 1 and a 3km radius around the postal code coordinates for each individual's address. After adjustment for socio-economic and demographic characteristics, less green space in people's living environment coincided with feelings of loneliness and with perceived shortage of social support. Loneliness and perceived shortage of social support partly mediated the relation between gr...
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Maas J, van Dillen SM, Verheij RA, Groenewegen PP Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

Obesity prevalence and the local food environment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study measured the association between the presence of food establishments and obesity among 1295 adults living in the southern region of the United States. The prevalence of obesity was lower in areas that had supermarkets and higher in area with small grocery stores or fast food restaurants. Our findings are consistent with other studies showing that types of food stores and restaurants influence food choices and, subsequently, diet-related health outcomes. PMID: 19022700 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Health & Place - April 11, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Morland KB, Evenson KR Tags: Health Place Source Type: journals

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