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The Role of Policy Advocacy in Assuring Comprehensive Family Life Education in CaliforniaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes how some of these grantees accomplished noteworthy goals, including the passage of the California Comprehensive Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Education Act (SB71), the prevention of the state’s pursuit of federal "abstinence-only-until-marriage" funding, and the passage of a local school district FLE policy. Grantee progress is presented through a five-stage policy change framework: Institutional Capacity and Leadership Building, Policy Issue Recognition, Policy Prioritization, Policy Adoption, and Policy Maintenance. Implications are shared for advocates, policy makers, and funders who...
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Brindis, C. D., Geierstanger, S. P., Faxio, A. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Relationship Between Attitudes and Indicators of Obesity for Midlife WomenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study uses segmentation analyses to identify five distinct subgroups of U.S. midlife women (n = 200) based on their prevailing attitudes toward food and its preparation and consumption. Mean age of the women is 46 years and they are mostly White (86%), highly educated, and employed. Attitude segments (clusters of women sharing similar attitudes) are a significant predictor of obesity indicators. Mean body mass index and percentage of body fat are lower for the "concerned about nutrition" attitude segment compared with the "guiltridden dieter" and "impulsive eater" attitude segments. Mean waist circumference is highest...
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Sudo, N., Degeneffe, D., Vue, H., Merkle, E., Kinsey, J., Ghosh, K., Reicks, M. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Understanding the Role of Numeracy in Health: Proposed Theoretical Framework and Practical InsightsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article proposes six critical functions of health numeracy. These functions are integrated into a theoretical framework on health numeracy that has implications for risk communication and medical decision-making processes. The authors examine practical underpinnings for targeted interventions aimed at improving such processes as a function of health numeracy. They hope that the proposed functions and theoretical framework will spur more research to determine how an understanding of health numeracy can lead to more effective communication and decision outcomes. (Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Lipkus, I. M., Peters, E. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

A Comparison of Face-to-Face or Internet-Delivered Physical Activity Intervention on Targeted DeterminantsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes the equivalency testing results of a 12-week behavior change program on targeted determinates of physical activity (PA) and self-reported health status. Participants (n = 192) were randomized to face-to-face, combined Internet and face-to-face, and Internet-only groups. Equivalency testing was used to examine differences and statistical equivalency across groups for all outcome measures (social support, self-efficacy, perceived health status, and motivational readiness for PA). Participants were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and 2 and 5 months postintervention. Motivational readiness for PA...
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Steele, R. M., Mummery, W.K., Dwyer, T. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Disseminating Chronic Disease Prevention "to or With" Canadian Public Health SystemsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article follows a conceptual article published in this journal by Elliott et al. and provides an empirical evaluation of the Canadian Heart Health Initiative—Dissemination Phase. Between 1994 and 2005, seven provincial research teams of the Canadian Heart Health Initiative—Dissemination Phase undertook projects to disseminate and evaluate the uptake of evidence-based chronic disease prevention strategies in their respective health systems. In this study, the authors draw from document and stakeholder interview analyses to assess the influence of strategic decisions about dissemination objects, targets, act...
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Masuda, J. R., Robinson, K., Elliott, S., Eyles, J. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Cultural Views, Language Ability, and Mammography Use in Chinese American WomenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines whether and how culture views and language ability influence mammography adherence in this mostly immigrant population. Asymptomatic Chinese American women (n = 466) aged 50 and older, recruited from the Washington, D.C. area, completed a telephone interview. Regular mammography was defined as having two mammograms at age-appropriate recommended intervals. Cultural views were assessed by 30 items, and language ability measured women’s ability in reading, writing, speaking, and listening to English. After controlling for risk perception, worry, physician recommendation, family encouragement, and ac...
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Liang, W., Wang, J., Chen, M.-Y., Feng, S., Yi, B., Mandelblatt, J. S. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

The Impact of Removing Snacks of Low Nutritional Value From Middle SchoolsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Removing low nutrition snacks from schools is controversial. Although the objective is to decrease the consumption of these foods at school, some critics argue that children will compensate by eating more of these foods at home. Others worry that school-based obesity prevention programs will increase student preoccupation with weight. The present study examines these concerns. Three middle schools replaced snacks and beverages that did not meet nutrition guidelines, whereas three comparison schools made no systematic changes. Students were surveyed about dietary intake and weight concerns before and after implementation of...
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Schwartz, M. B., Novak, S. A., Fiore, S. S. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Measuring Exposure to Health Messages in Community-Based Intervention Studies: A Systematic Review of Current PracticesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Accurately measuring exposure is critical to all intervention studies. The present review examines the extent to which best practices in exposure assessment are adhered to in community-based prevention and education studies. A systematic literature review was conducted examining community-based studies testing communication interventions, published in 2003-2007. Of 663 studies identified, 54 met all inclusion criteria and were reviewed for type of exposure assessment conducted (if any), use of exposure data in study analyses, and discussion of biases related to exposure assessment. Although a majority of studies (n = 38; 7...
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Morris, D. S., Rooney, M. P., Wray, R. J., Kreuter, M. W. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Practice Notes: Strategies in Health EducationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - November 12, 2009 Category: Health Management Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Behavioral Theory in a Diverse Society: Moving Our Field ForwardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Kagawa-Singer, M., Emmons, K. M. Tags: Epilogue Source Type: journals

Behavioral Theory and Culture Special Issue: Authors' Response to CommentariesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Pasick, R. J., Burke, N. J., Joseph, G. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: journals

Behavioral Theory in the Context of Applied Cancer Screening ResearchEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Zapka, J., Cranos, C. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: journals

Cultural Context and Modification of Behavior Change TheoryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Sanders Thompson, V. L. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: journals

Capitalizing on Opportunities to Refine Health Behavior TheoriesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Rothman, A. J. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: journals

Theory Building Through Qualitative Research: Marshalling Opportunities to Advance Cancer Screening EffortsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Hay, J. L., Craddock Lee, S. J. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: journals

Adult Daughters' Influence on Mothers' Health-Related Decision Making: An Expansion of the Subjective Norms ConstructEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study of mother—adult daughter communication uses qualitative methods to explore the appropriateness of including adult daughters as referents in the measurement of subjective norms (a behavioral theory construct) related to the use of mammography and other health-related tests and services. The methods were chosen to approximate as closely as possible the mother—adult daughter relationship in the context of daily life. This inductive approach contrasts with the deductive origins of the construct. A sample of nine Mexican and Filipina immigrant and U.S.-born mothers and their adult daughters was recruited....
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Washington, P. K., Burke, N. J., Joseph, G., Guerra, C., Pasick, R. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Social and Cultural Meanings of Self-EfficacyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes the influences of social context on women’s health behavior through illustration of the powerful influences of social capital (the benefits and challenges that accrue from participation in social networks and groups) on experiences and perceptions of self-efficacy. The authors conducted inductive interviews with Latino and Filipino academics and social service providers and with U.S.-born and immigrant Latinas and Filipinas to explore direct and indirect influences of social context on health behaviors such as mammography screening. Iterative thematic analysis identified themes (meanings of eff...
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Burke, N. J., Bird, J. A., Clark, M. A., Rakowski, W., Guerra, C., Barker, J. C., Pasick, R. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Intention, Subjective Norms, and Cancer Screening in the Context of Relational CultureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Research targeting disparities in breast cancer detection has mainly utilized theories that do not account for social context and culture. Most mammography promotion studies have used a conceptual framework centered in the cognitive constructs of intention (commonly regarded as the most important determinant of screening behavior), self-efficacy, perceived benefit, perceived susceptibility, and/or subjective norms. The meaning and applicability of these constructs in diverse communities are unknown. The purpose of this study is to inductively explore the social context of Filipina and Latina women (the sociocultural forces...
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Pasick, R. J., Barker, J. C., Otero-Sabogal, R., Burke, N. J., Joseph, G., Guerra, C. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Perceived Susceptibility to Illness and Perceived Benefits of Preventive Care: An Exploration of Behavioral Theory Constructs in a Transcultural ContextEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes how the social context of transculturation (cultural change processes) and transmigration (migration in which relationships are sustained across national boundaries) can directly influence use of mammography screening. The authors conducted semistructured interviews with Latino and Filipino academics and social service providers and with U.S.-born and immigrant Latinas and Filipinas to explore direct and indirect influences of social context on health behavior (Behavioral Constructs and Culture in Cancer Screening study). Iterative analyses identified themes of the transcultural domain: colonialism, ...
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Joseph, G., Burke, N. J., Tuason, N., Barker, J. C., Pasick, R. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Theorizing Social Context: Rethinking Behavioral TheoryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Major behavioral theories focus on proximal influences on behavior that are considered to be predominantly cognitive characteristics of the individual largely uninfluenced by social context. Social ecological models integrate multiple levels of influence on health behavior and are noted for emphasizing the interdependence of environmental settings and life domains. This theory-based article explains how social context is conceptualized in the social sciences and how the social science conceptualization differs from and can broaden the analytic approach to health behavior. The authors use qualitative data from the Behaviora...
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Burke, N. J., Joseph, G., Pasick, R. J., Barker, J. C. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Behavioral Constructs and Mammography in Five Ethnic GroupsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Intention, self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and subjective norms are key constructs of health behavior theories; their predictive validity for cancer screening has not been ascertained in multiethnic populations. Participants were 1,463 African American, Chinese, Filipina, Latina, and White women aged 40 to 74 interviewed by telephone in their preferred languages. The relationship between baseline constructs and mammography 2 years later was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Intention predicted mammography overall and among Whites (odds ratio [OR] = 5.0, 95% confidence interval [...
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Stewart, S. L., Rakowski, W., Pasick, R. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Behavioral Theory in a Diverse Society: Like a Compass on MarsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes the study methods, summarizes main findings, and previews the detailed results presented in the other articles in this issue. (Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Pasick, R. J., Burke, N. J., Barker, J. C., Joseph, G., Bird, J. A., Otero-Sabogal, R., Tuason, N., Stewart, S. L., Rakowski, W., Clark, M. A., Washington, P. K., Guerra, C. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Advancing Theory in Cancer Screening and Beyond: A Conversation Across FieldsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Kobrin, S., Hall, K. L., Croyle, R. T. Tags: Prologue Source Type: journals

In Memoriam: Sabra F. Woolley, PhDEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 5, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Pasick, R. J., Burke, N. J. Tags: In Memoriam Source Type: journals

Seriously Mentally Ill Women's Safer Sex Behaviors and the Theory of Reasoned ActionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Seriously mentally ill women at risk for HIV infection (n = 96) participated in structured interviews assessing sexual and substance-use behavior over a 3-month period. The majority of the women (63.5%) did not use condoms. Consistent with the theory of reasoned action, attitudes toward condom use and perceived social norms about safer sex were associated with safer sex intentions. Supplementing variables from the theory of reasoned action with safer sex self-efficacy explained additional variance in safer sex intentions. Greater safer sex intentions were related to both greater condom use and less frequent unprotected int...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Randolph, M. E., Pinkerton, S. D., Somlai, A. M., Kelly, J. A., McAuliffe, T. L., Gibson, R. H., Hackl, K. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Community Perspectives on Factors That Influence Collaboration in Public Health ResearchEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study advances a CBOfocused characterization of collaboration in HIV-prevention research. By focusing on the perspectives of 20 key informants in 10 HIV-prevention CBOs, qualitative data revealed factors that influenced their collaborations in four domains: (a) Researchers’ Characteristics (expertise, availability), (b) Collaborative Research Characteristics (ought to improve services and CBO infrastructure); (c) Community Partner—Researcher Relationships (resolving social and professional issues); and (d) Barriers to HIV-Prevention Research Collaboration (cultural and social disconnect between CBO and aca...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Pinto, R. M. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Perspectives of Mothers in Farmworker Households on Reducing the Take-Home Pathway of Pesticide ExposureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Farmworkers carry pesticide residue home on their clothing, boots, and skin, placing other household members at risk, particularly children. Specific precautions are recommended to reduce this take-home pathway, yet few studies have examined the perspectives of farmworkers and other household members regarding these behaviors and the reasons for or against adoption. The authors conducted semistructured interviews with 37 Mexican/Mexican-American women in farmworker households to explore the family and cultural context in which pesticide safety practices are performed and to identify factors that facilitate or hinder their ...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Strong, L. L., Starks, H. E., Meischke, H., Thompson, B. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Explaining Fruit and Vegetable Intake Using a Consumer Marketing ToolEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In response to calls to reinvent the 5 A Day fruit and vegetable campaign, this study assesses the utility of VALSTM, a consumer-based audience segmentation tool that divides the U.S. population into groups leading similar lifestyles. The study examines whether the impact of theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs varies across VALS groups in a cross-sectional sample of 1,588 U.S. adults. In a multigroup structural equation model, the VALS audience group variable moderated latent TPB relationships. Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control explained 57% to 70% of the variation in intention to eat fr...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Della, L. J., DeJoy, D. M., Lance, C. E. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Effects of a Health Behavior Change Model--Based HIV/STI Prevention Intervention on Condom Use Among Heterosexual Couples: A Randomized TrialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines an intervention for heterosexual couples to prevent human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted infections. It also evaluates the effect of the intervention, which is based on current models of health behavior change, on intermediate outcomes (individual and relationship factors) and consistency of condom use. Eligible couples were administered a baseline interview and randomized to either a 3-session theory-based intervention or a 1-session standard of care comparison condition. Men and women completed 3-month interviews; only women completed 6-month interviews. No significant intervention effect...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Harvey, S. M., Kraft, J. M., West, S. G., Taylor, A. B., Pappas-DeLuca, K. A., Beckman, L. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Health Literacy and Health Actions: A Review and a Framework From Health PsychologyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The association between performance on health literacy measures and health outcomes is well established. The next step is to understand the processes through which health literacy affects health. This review introduces a framework drawing on ideas from health psychology and proposing that associations between health literacy and health outcomes could be mediated by a range of health actions involving access and use of health care, patient—provider interactions, and the management of health and illness. The framework outlines routes through which health literacy might affect either health actions themselves or the mot...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: von Wagner, C., Steptoe, A., Wolf, M. S., Wardle, J. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Social Support Moderates the Relationship Between Gay Community Integration and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Gay Male CouplesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Few studies of partnered gay men consider the social context within which sexual behaviors occur or investigate positive aspects of the social environment that may offset factors that are related to risky sexual behaviors. Fewer still include assessment of both individuals making up couples. Using an ecological framework and an actor-partner multilevel analysis approach, the authors investigate how three dimensions of gay community integration are related to individual sexual risk behavior among 108 individuals in 54 couples. They then investigate how general social support and partner-provided, HIV-specific social support...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Fergus, S., Lewis, M. A., Darbes, L. A., Kral, A. H. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Physical Activity Behavior Change Interventions Based on the Transtheoretical Model: A Systematic ReviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This review critically examines Transtheoretical Model (TTM)—based interventions for physical activity (PA) behavior change. It has been suggested that the TTM may not be the most appropriate theoretical model for applications to PA behavior change. However, previous reviews have paid little or no attention to how accurately each intervention represents the TTM. Findings comprise two sections: sample characteristics of each intervention reviewed and a summary outlining the use of the TTM to develop the interventions. Results reveal numerous inconsistencies regarding the development and implementation/application of T...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Hutchison, A. J., Breckon, J. D., Johnston, L. H. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Technical Assistance as a Prevention Capacity-Building Tool: A Demonstration Using the Getting To Outcomes(R) FrameworkEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article is the first of its kind to provide detailed analyses of the TA delivered to community-based organizations to build substance abuse prevention capacity. The results of this study describe the range of TA services provided and the importance of two-way communication between the TA provider and recipient. TA recipients reported high satisfaction and an improved understanding of targeted TA activities. However, achieving these benefits requires significant program staff time, and not all skills were successfully transferred. Results from this study suggest how TA may be structured to be effective in supporting qu...
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Hunter, S. B., Chinman, M., Ebener, P., Imm, P., Wandersman, A., Ryan, G. W. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Practice Notes: Strategies in Health EducationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - October 2, 2009 Category: Health Management Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

The Home Smoking Environment: Influence on Behaviors and Attitudes in a Racially Diverse Adolescent PopulationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study suggests that particularly in African American youth, educational efforts should be directed toward more restrictive home smoking policies to thwart the initiation of smoking in adolescents and to encourage positive attitudes toward smoking behaviors. (Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Legge Muilenburg, J., Latham, T., Annang, L., Johnson, W. D., Burdell, A. C., West, S. J., Clayton, D. L. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

If Parents Establish a No-Smoking Agreement With Their Offspring, Does This Prevent Adolescents From Smoking? Findings From Three Dutch StudiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Data from three studies were used to investigate whether the establishment of a no-smoking agreement is related to lower odds of adolescent smoking. The prevalence of a no-smoking agreement was first explored by using a national sample involving 4,501 Dutch adolescents. Second, data from a longitudinal study among 595 early adolescents and their parents were used to test whether establishing a no-smoking agreement prevents adolescents from smoking. Third, the authors tested among 856 early- and mid-adolescents and their parents, whether in addition to the establishment of a no-smoking agreement, the frequency and quality o...
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: den Exter Blokland, E. A. W., Engels, R. C., Harakeh, Z., Hale, W. W., Meeus, W. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Adolescents' Perceptions of Smoking and Stress ReductionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study examined how adolescents perceive the relationship between smoking and stress and where they learn that smoking cigarettes may be an effective stress-reduction mechanism. Eight focus groups were conducted with low-income African American and European American 14- to 16-year-olds in urban and rural locations, in which they suggested that the primary reasons why they smoked—namely, as a coping mechanism (to calm nerves), for social acceptance, and because of environmental influences. Family issues, boyfriend/girlfriend problems, and school were common stressors. Although participants overwhelmingly be...
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Scales, M. B., Monahan, J. L., Rhodes, N., Roskos-Ewoldsen, D., Johnson-Turbes, A. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Is the Receptivity of Substance Abuse Prevention Programming Affected by Students' Perceptions of the Instructor?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Drawing on the elaboration likelihood model of persuasive communication, the authors examine the impact of the perceptions of the instructor or source on students' receptivity to a new substance abuse prevention curriculum. Using survey data from a cohort of students participating in the Adolescent Substance Abuse Prevention Study, the authors use structural equation modeling to determine the effects of the perceptions students have of their program instructor on measures of the targeted program mediators and the use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana. They test these instructor effects after each component of a two-par...
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Stephens, P. C., Sloboda, Z., Grey, S., Stephens, R., Hammond, A., Hawthorne, R., Teasdale, B., Williams, J. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Focus Groups of Alaska Native Adolescent Tobacco Users: Preferences for Tobacco Cessation Interventions and Barriers to ParticipationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study employed focus group methodology to explore preferences for tobacco cessation interventions and barriers to participation among 49 Alaska Natives (61% female) with a mean age of 14.6 (SD = 1.6) who resided in western Alaska. Using content analysis, themes from the 12 focus groups were found to be consistent across village, gender, and age groups. Program location or site (e.g., away from the village, hunting, fishing), a group-based format, and inclusion of medication and personal stories were reported to be important attributes of cessation programs. Motivators to quit tobacco were the perceived adverse health ...
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Patten, C. A., Enoch, C., Renner, C. C., Offord, K. P., Nevak, C., Kelley, S. F., Thomas, J., Decker, P. A., Hurt, R. D., Lanier, A., Kaur, J. S. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

The Potential of Coaching as a Strategy to Improve the Effectiveness of School-Based Substance Use Prevention CurriculaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Research-based substance use prevention curricula typically yield small effects when implemented by school teachers under real-world conditions. Using a randomized controlled trial, the authors examined whether expert coaching improves the effectiveness of the All Stars prevention curriculum. Although a positive effect on students' cigarette use was noted, this finding may be attributed to marked baseline differences on this variable across the intervention and control groups. No effects were found on students' alcohol or marijuana use or on any of several variables thought to mediate curriculum effects. The effects of coa...
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Ringwalt, C. L., Pankratz, M. M., Hansen, W. B., Dusenbury, L., Jackson-Newsom, J., Giles, S. M., Brodish, P. H. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Sixth Grade Students Who Use Alcohol: Do We Need Primary Prevention Programs for "Tweens"?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study compares those who reported alcohol use in the past year to those who reported no use in a multiethnic, urban sample of sixth graders in 61 schools in Chicago in 2002 (N = 4,150). Demographic, behavioral, intrapersonal, and socioenvironmental factors were identified based on behavioral theories and potential mediators of the Project Northland Chicago intervention. Single and multiple regression models were created for users and nonusers to determine associations between these factors and alcohol use behavior and intentions. The multiple regression models explained 35% and 56% of the variance in alcohol use behav...
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Pasch, K. E., Perry, C. L., Stigler, M. H., Komro, K. A. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Cognitions About Smoking and Not Smoking in AdolescenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The theory of planned behavior identifies important proximal determinants of behavior, including attitude toward the behavior, perception of subjective norms exerted by significant others, and perception of perceived control over performance of the behavior. Because research in the planned behavior tradition has focused on desirable target behaviors, it is not clear how these determinants can best be conceptualized to account for adolescents' acquisition of health risk behaviors such as smoking. This cross-sectional study compared the explanatory power of planned behavior constructs assessed in relation to "smoking" and "n...
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: ter Doest, L., Dijkstra, A., Gebhardt, W. A., Vitale, S. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Mass Media for Smoking Cessation in AdolescentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined effects of a media campaign on adolescent smoking cessation. Four matched pairs of media markets in four states were randomized to receive or not receive a 3-year television/radio campaign aimed at adolescent smoking cessation based on social cognitive theory. The authors enrolled 2,030 adolescent smokers into the cohort (n = 987 experimental; n = 1,043 comparison) and assessed them via annual telephone surveys for 3 years. Although the condition by time interaction was not significant, the proportion of adolescents smoking in the past month was significantly lower in the experimental than comparison co...
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Solomon, L. J., Bunn, J. Y., Flynn, B. S., Pirie, P. L., Worden, J. K., Ashikaga, T. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Practice Notes: Strategies in Health EducationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - July 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Tags: Article Source Type: journals

A Randomized Trial About Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Improves Outcomes Among Adults With Type 2 DiabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Glycemic index (GI) represents the postprandial glucose response of carbohydrate foods, and glycemic load (GL) represents the quantity and quality of carbohydrate consumed. A diet lower in GI and GL may improve diabetes management. A 9-week intervention regarding GI and GL was evaluated among adults in the age range of 40-70 years who had had type 2 diabetes ≥1 year (n = 103). Randomized pre—post test design with immediate and delayed treatment groups was employed. Dietary intake, knowledge, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, and empowerment regarding GI and GL and glucose monitoring were assessed. Four componen...
Source: Health Education - May 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Miller, C. K., Gutschall, M. Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: journals

Effects of Low-Dose Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR-ld) on Working AdultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study assessed the effects of a shortened (low-dose [ld]) work-site MBSR intervention (MBSR-ld) on indicators of stress in healthy working adults to determine if results similar to those obtained in traditional MBSR could be demonstrated. Participants were randomized into MBSR-ld and wait-list control groups. Self-reported perceived stress, sleep quality, and mindfulness were measured at the beginning and end of the 6-week intervention. Salivary cortisol was assessed weekly. Significant reductions in perceived stress (p = .0025) and increases in mindfulness (p = .0149) were obtained for only the MBSR-ld group (n = 22)...
Source: Health Education - May 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Klatt, M. D., Buckworth, J., Malarkey, W. B. Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: journals

Healthy Youth Places: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Determine the Effectiveness of Facilitating Adult and Youth Leaders to Promote Physical Activity and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Middle SchoolsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Healthy Youth Places (HYP) intervention targeted increased fruit and vegetable consumption (FV) and physical activity (PA) through building the environmental change skills and efficacy of adults and youth. HYP included group training for adult school site leaders, environmental change skill curriculum, and youth-led FV and PA environment change teams. Sixteen schools were randomized to either implement the HYP program or not. Participants (N =1,582) were assessed on FV and PA and hypothesized HYP program mediators (e.g., proxy efficacy) at the end of sixth grade (baseline), seventh grade (Postintervention Year 1), and ...
Source: Health Education - May 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Dzewaltowski, D. A., Estabrooks, P. A., Welk, G., Hill, J., Milliken, G., Karteroliotis, K., Johnston, J. A. Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: journals

Lunchtime Practices and Problem Behaviors Among Multiethnic Urban YouthEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study tests for associations between urban multiethnic middle school students' (N = 1498) lunchtime practices in the sixth grade and their engagement in problem behaviors by eighth grade. Positive associations were found between not eating lunch at school in the sixth grade and increased drug use and delinquency by eighth grade. Eating lunch outside of school was found to be significantly associated with smoking and marijuana use only. Gender differences in associations between lunchtime practices and problem behaviors were suggested. Implications for school policy and prevention efforts are discussed. (Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - May 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Nichols, T. R., Birnbaum, A. S., Bryant, K., Botvin, G. J. Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: journals

Who Participates and Why: Building a Process Model of Citizen ParticipationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines the factors associated with citizen participation levels in resident leaders and followers in seven low-income neighborhoods in one community. Overall, the findings suggest that different factors facilitate participation in leaders and followers. Leaders are more likely to actively participate in neighborhood and community affairs if they perceive themselves as having the skills needed to organize others and make change happen. Whereas perceived skill levels also matter for followers, these residents are strongly influenced by the norms for activism within their neighborhood. These norms mediate the imp...
Source: Health Education - May 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Foster-Fishman, P. G., Pierce, S. J., Van Egeren, L. A. Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: journals

Exploring Implementation and Fidelity of Evidence-Based Behavioral Interventions for HIV Prevention: Lessons Learned From the Focus on Kids Diffusion Case StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study underscores the importance for HIV intervention researchers to clearly identify and describe core elements. More effort is needed to reflect the constraints practitioners face in nonresearch settings. To ensure intervention effectiveness, additional research and technical assistance are needed to help organizations implement HIV prevention EBIs with fidelity. (Source: Health Education)
Source: Health Education - May 26, 2009 Category: Health Management Authors: Galbraith, J. S., Stanton, B., Boekeloo, B., King, W., Desmond, S., Howard, D., Black, M. M., Carey, J. W. Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: journals