Histochemistry and Cell BiologyThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

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Expression and immunolocalization of ERG1 potassium channels in the rat kidneyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Potassium (K+) channels participate in K+ secretion, K+ recycling, and cell volume regulation and help to maintain the resting potential in mammalian kidneys. Previously, we identified a set of voltage-gated K+ channels (Kv1) in the inner medullary collecting duct of the rat kidney. In the present work, we identified the voltage-gated K+ channel ether-à-go-go-related gene (ERG) in the rat kidney. mRNAs of ERG1a and its N-terminal splice-variant ERG1b were detected. Immunoblots of the cortex and medulla revealed two molecular mass proteins of 135 and 80 kDa, consistent in size with the nonglycos...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - November 18, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Erratum to: Ultrastructural characterization of giant endosomes induced by GTPase-deficient Rab5Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s00418-009-0660-7Authors Catherine Sem Wegner, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research Montebello 0310 Oslo NorwayLene Malerød, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research Montebello 0310 Oslo NorwayNina Marie Pedersen, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research Montebello 0310 Oslo NorwayCinzia Progida, University of Oslo Department of Molecular Biosc...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - November 13, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Two submucosal nerve plexus in human intestinesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the architecture of human submucosal nerve networks of gut segments derived from 12 individuals (each six from small and large intestines). Twelve undivided submucosal wholemounts were prepared and immunohistochemically stained for peripherin (nerve elements) and for α-smooth muscle actin (remnants of attached muscle bundles). We found two ganglionic nerve networks. The plexus submucosus externus was generally monolayered and located under the outermost surface of the submucosal wholemounts. Its nerve fibre strands frequently joined each other in acute or obtuse angles, the meshes of the network were relat...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - November 12, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Tissue reaction to three different types of tissue glues in an experimental aorta dissection model: a quantitative approachEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Tissue glues are used during surgical treatment of acute aorta dissection although some glues release toxic products and thus alter the histological structure of the vessel wall. The aim of our study was to use a porcine experimental model of infrarenal aorta dissection to compare histological changes of the vessel wall 1, 6 and 12 months after application of BioGlue, Gelatin-resorcin-formaldehyde (GRF) glue and Tissucol. For quantification, stereological methods were used. All types of glue caused stenosis, GRF most and Tissucol least severely. With increasing postoperative survival time, sten...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - November 9, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Distribution, development and proliferation of interstitial cells of Cajal in murine colon: an immunohistochemical study from neonatal to adult lifeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract This paper aimed at investigating the alterations in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the proximal, middle and distal colon of mice from 0-day to 56-day post-partum (P0–P56) by immunohistochemistry. The Kit+ ICC, which situated around myenteric nerve plexus (ICC–MY) were prominent at birth, meanwhile those cells within the smooth muscle layers (ICC–IM) and in the connective tissue beneath serosa (ICC–SS) began to appear. ICC–SM, which located at the submucosal border of circular muscle layer emerged at P6 in the proximal colon and subsequently in the distal colon at P8, and ICC in the ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - November 5, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

TRPC3 ion channel subunit immunolocalization in the cochleaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) subunits assemble as tetramers to form ion channels with high calcium (Ca2+) permeability. Here, we investigated the possibility that TRPC3 ion channels are broadly expressed in the adult guinea pig and mouse cochleae. Using immunofluorescence, pronounced labeling occurred in the spiral ganglion (SG) neurons, inner hair cells (IHC), outer hair cells (OHC) and epithelial cells lining scala media. TRPC3 expression was homogeneous in the SG throughout the cochlea. In contrast, there was marked spatial variation in the immunolabeling in the cochlear hair cell...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 31, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

The shape of caveolae is omega-like after glutaraldehyde fixation and cup-like after cryofixationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Caveolae were defined as flask- or omega-shaped plasma membrane invaginations, abundant in adipocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The major protein component of caveolar membranes is an integral membrane protein named caveolin. We compared the freeze-fracture behavior of caveolae in glutaraldehyde-fixed and cryofixed mouse fibroblast cells and found distinct differences. In glutaraldehyde-fixed cells almost all caveolae were cross-fractured through their pore and only very few caveolar membranes were membrane-fractured. We found the reverse situation in rapid frozen cells with...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 22, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Prostasin inhibits cell invasion in human choriocarcinomal JEG-3 cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Controlled invasion of the uterine wall by the trophoblast cells is pivotal for the successful pregnancy, and various kinds of protease are involved in this process. Serine protease prostasin has been shown to participate in the proteolytic activation of epithelial sodium channel as well as cleavage of epidermal growth factor receptor extracellular domain in human epithelial cells. Its physiological significance in human placentation has been suggested but not validated. In the present study, we found that prostasin was expressed at a relatively high level in human placenta trophoblasts in early pre...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 21, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Melanoma progression exhibits a significant impact on connexin expression patterns in the epidermal tumor microenvironmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study compares the extent of Cx26, Cx30 and Cx43 expression in the epidermal microenvironment of melanocytic nevi and melanomas and its association with melanoma thickness, proliferative index of the tumor and its microenvironment, and with 5-year metastasis and survival. We found that induction of Cx26 and Cx30 cell–cell border expression in the epidermal tumor microenvironment correlates to malignancy. Importantly, there was a significant correlation of tumor thickness with the vertical epidermal Cx26 and Cx30 expression pattern and the horizontal Cx26 dissemination. Furthermore, horizontal Cx26 expression co...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 21, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Expression of cAMP response element-binding protein in the duct system of the mouse submandibular glandEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The submandibular gland (SMG) of mice shows a marked sexual dimorphism in which a duct portion called the granular convoluted tubule (GCT) is developed preferentially in males during puberty. The administration of testosterone to female mice causes the conversion of striated duct (SD) cells into GCT cells, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is a transcription factor functioning downstream of a variety of signal transduction pathways. In the present study, we examined the expression, activation and cellular localization of CREB in t...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 16, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Ultrastructural characterization of giant endosomes induced by GTPase-deficient Rab5Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report, we have addressed this issue by generating a HEp2 cell line with inducible expression of Rab5(Q79L) and performing ultrastructural analysis of Rab5(Q79L)-induced endosomes. We find that Rab5(Q79L) not only induces formation of enlarged early endosomes but also causes enlargement of later endocytic profiles. Most strikingly, Rab5(Q79L) causes formation of enlarged multivesicular endosomes with a large number of intraluminal vesicles, and endosomes that contain both early and late endocytic markers are frequently observed. In addition, we observe defects in the sorting of the EGF receptor and the transfe...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 14, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Switching of actin isoforms in skeletal muscle differentiation using mouse ES cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Among six actin isoforms, α-skeletal and α-cardiac actins have similar amino acid components and are highly conserved. Although skeletal muscles essentially express α-skeletal actins in the adult tissue, α-cardiac isoform actin is prominent in the embryonic muscle tissue. Switching of actin isoforms from α-cardiac to α-skeletal actin occurs during skeletal muscle differentiation. The cardiac type α-actin is expressed in the regeneration and patho-physiological states of the skeletal muscles as well. In the present study, we demonstrate the morphological switching of α-type actin isoforms fro...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 14, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Characterization of newly established bovine intestinal epithelial cell lineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Membranous epithelial cells (M cells) of the follicle-associated epithelium in Peyer’s patches have a high capacity for transcytosis of several viruses and microorganisms. Here, we report that we have successfully established a bovine intestinal epithelial cell line (BIE cells) and developed an in vitro M cell model. BIE cells have a cobblestone morphology and microvilli-like structures, and strongly express cell-to-cell junctional proteins and cytokeratin, which is a specific intermediate filament protein of epithelial cells. After co-culture with murine intestinal lymphocytes or treatment with s...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 14, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Protein p0071, an armadillo plaque protein of adherens junctions, is predominantly expressed in distal renal tubulesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Protein p0071 is a member of the p120-subfamily of armadillo proteins and is well known as a junctional plaque component involved in cell–cell adhesion, especially in adherens junctions. By systematic immunohistochemical analysis of mouse and human kidney tissues, p0071 was prominently detected in distinct kidney tubules. Upon double-labeling immunolocalization experiments with segment-specific markers, p0071 was predominantly localized in distal straight and convoluted tubules and to a lesser extent in proximal tubules, in the ascending thin limb of loop of Henle and in the collecting ducts. In c...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 14, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Lung surfactant proteins in the early human placentaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Pulmonary surfactant is a complex mixture of phospholipids and four surfactant-associated proteins (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C and SP-D). The biological functions of SP-A and SP-D are primarily twofold, namely surfactant homeostasis and host defense. The hydrophobic surfactant proteins, SP-B and SP-C, are required for achieving the optimal surface tension reducing properties of surfactant by promoting the rapid adsorption of surfactant phospholipids along the alveolar surface. Despite the promising findings, only little is known about the extrapulmonary distribution of these proteins. Therefore, in this study...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 13, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Induction and cellular expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase during dextran sodium sulphate induced colitis in ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, induction of TRAP provides an early sign of macrophage responsiveness in DSS induced colitis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00418-009-0647-4Authors Pernilla Lång, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Division of Pathology F46, Department of Laboratory Medicine 141 86 Stockholm SwedenStefan Lange, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Department of Clinical Bacteriology Göteborg SwedenDick Delbro, University of Karlstad Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Karlstad SwedenGöran Andersson, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hosp...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 11, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Isolation and in vitro characterisation of dental pulp stem cells from natal teethEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report described the first successful isolation and characterisation of hNDP-SCs. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00418-009-0646-5Authors Erdal Karaöz, Kocaeli University Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research and Applied Center 41380 Kocaeli TurkeyBurcu Nur Doğan, University of Marmara Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry 34100 Istanbul TurkeyAyça Aksoy, Kocaeli University Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research and Applied Center 41380 Kocaeli TurkeyGülçin Gacar, Kocaeli University Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research and Applied Center 41380 Kocaeli TurkeySerap Akyüz, ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 9, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Dynamics of leading lamellae of living fibroblasts visualized by high-speed scanning probe microscopyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we aimed at improving the temporal resolution of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) for observing living cells by introducing soft cantilevers, low feedback-gain operations, and cantilever deflection imaging. We achieved visualization of the mechanical architecture in leading lamellae of living fibroblasts at a temporal resolution of around 10 s, which is higher than that of conventional contact-mode SPM. Time-lapse SPM could be used to monitor not only cytoskeletal dynamics but also the dynamics of numerous microgranules. Statistical analysis of microgranular motion revealed that the microgranules ha...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - October 9, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Localization of fatty acid binding protein of epidermal type common to dendritic cells and presumptive macrophages in Peyer’s patches and epithelial M cells of mouse intestineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Fatty acid binding protein of epidermal type (E-FABP) was expressed/localized in most, if not all, populations of the dendritic cells in the subepithelial domes, follicles and interfollicular regions of Peyer’s patches and presumptive macrophages in their germinal centers, and all M cells in the follicle-associated epithelium of mouse intestine. The immunoreactivity in both of the cell populations makes it easy to recognize the accumulation of DCs in the subepithelial domes in close proximity to the base of M cells, which is essential for luminal antigens to be transported to Peyer’s patches. E-...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - September 29, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Altered expression of P2X3 in vagal and spinal afferents following esophagitis in ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of P2X3 receptors in spinal and vagal sensory neurons and esophageal tissues following esophagitis in rats. Two groups of rats were used including 7 days fundus-ligated (7D-ligated) esophagitis and sham-operated controls. Esophagitis was produced by ligating the fundus and partial obstruction of pylorus that initiated reflux of gastric contents. The sham-operated rats underwent midline incision without surgical manipulation of the stomach. Expressions of P2X3 receptors in thoracic dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), nodose ganglia (NGs), and esophageal tissues ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - September 28, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Ovarian hormones regulate expression of the focal adhesion proteins, talin and paxillin, in rat uterine luminal but not glandular epithelial cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract During early pregnancy in the rat, focal adhesions disassemble in uterine luminal epithelial cells at the time of implantation to facilitate their removal so that the implanting blastocyst can invade into the underlying endometrial decidual cells. This study investigated the effect of ovarian hormones on the distribution and protein expression of two focal adhesion proteins, talin and paxillin, in rat uterine luminal and glandular epithelial cells under various hormone regimes. Talin and paxillin showed a major distributional change between different hormone regimes. Talin and paxillin were highly c...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - September 24, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Characterization of bovine fetal Leydig cells by KIT expressionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The origin of fetal Leydig cells (FLC) and whether they share a common lineage with adult Leydig cells (ALC) is still under debate, and a marker to reliably track and isolate fetal Leydig precursor cells remains to be identified. We analyzed KIT positive (KIT+) cells in gonads from bovine fetuses with crown-rump-length (CRL) 2.5–85 cm by immunohistochemistry, and found that KIT expression was gender-specific. In female gonads, expression was mainly associated with epithelial cell cords, which extended from the surface epithelium towards the KIT-negative inner stroma. In male gonads of fetuses...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - September 18, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Selection of buffer pH by the isoelectric point of the antigen for the efficient heat-induced epitope retrieval: re-appraisal for nuclear protein pathobiologyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Epitope retrieval (ER) using heating causes a dramatic improvement in the sensitivity of immunohistochemistry for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. Here, the relationship between the pH of the retrieval buffer used for heat-induced epitope retrieval (HIER) and the isoelectric points (pI) of the antigen recognized by antibodies against nuclear proteins (mainly human pituitary transcription factors in this study) was investigated using FFPE tissue sections. A universal buffer, with a buffering capacity over a wide pH range from 2.0 to 12.0, was used for HIER. We found that the i...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - September 18, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

High expression of antizyme inhibitor 2, an activator of ornithine decarboxylase in steroidogenic cells of human gonadsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract High activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine synthesis, is typically present in rapidly proliferating normal and malignant cells. The mitotically inactive steroidogenic cells in rodent testis and ovaries, however, also display high ODC activity. The activity of ODC in these cells responds to luteinizing hormone, and inhibition of ODC reduces the production of steroid hormones. Polyamines and ODC also control proliferation of germ cells and spermiogenesis. The activity of ODC, especially in proliferating cells, is regulated by antizyme inhibitor (AZIN). This p...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - September 16, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Distribution of the epilepsy-related Lgi1 protein in rat cortical neuronsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The Lgi1 protein is involved in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant lateral temporal epilepsy because mutations in the leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) gene have been found in affected subjects and families; however, the function of Lgi1 is still unclear. Definition of the fine intracellular distribution of Lgi1 in normal cortical tissue would add in understanding its role and envisage pathogenetic mechanisms. Therefore, we analyzed normal rat cortex for Lgi1 by combining biochemistry, immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy. Our results demonstrate that Lgi1 is a cytoplasmic ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - September 16, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Global gene expression profiling reveals a key role of CD44 in hepatic oval-cell reaction after 2-AAF/CCl4 injury in rodentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we treated rats with 2-acetylaminofluorene/carbon tetrachloride to induce hepatic oval cells. By expression microarray analysis, we investigated global gene expression profiles in liver tissue, with an emphasis on adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix proteins, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), growth factors/cytokines, and receptors that might contribute to the distinct behaviors of oval cells. Genes upregulated at least twofold were selected. We then performed immunostaining to verify the microarray results and identified expression of MMP-7 and CD44 in oval cells. Staining of cytokeratin (CK)-19, ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - September 16, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Osteogenic properties of late adherent subpopulations of human bone marrow stromal cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The nonadherent (NA) population of bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells (MNC) has been demonstrated to be a source of osteogenic precursors in addition to the plastic-adherent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). In the current study, two subpopulations of late adherent (LA) osteoprogenitors were obtained by subsequent replating of NA cells, and their phenotypic, functional, and molecular properties were compared with those of early adherent (EA) MSC. Approximately 35% of MNC were LA cells, and they acquired a homogeneous expression of MSC antigens later than EA cells. In EA-MSC, the alkaline phosphata...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 27, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

DEHP effects on retinal vessels in newborn rats: a qualitative and quantitative analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP), employed in polyvinyl chloride fabrication and released by endotracheal tubes, is known to cause alterations to several mammalian tissues, markedly in immature animals. The high incidence and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy in preterm babies submitted to endotracheal intubation prompted us to investigate the effects of DEHP in lung and retina perinatal development. We previously demonstrated that in rats delivered and breast-fed by DEHP-treated mothers lung alveolarisation is severely impaired. In the present research, the maturation of reti...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 22, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Fibulin-1 and fibrinogen in human atherosclerotic lesionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the deposition patterns of fibulin-1 and fibrinogen were examined in human coronary artery atherosclerotic lesions excised by atherectomy from 20 patients. Fibulin-1 deposition was found to be closely overlapping with fibrinogen located within the atherosclerotic lesions and in regions containing fresh thrombi. Pronounced intracellular fibulin-1 immunostaining was apparent in lesion areas rich in macrophages and foam cells, although THP-1 macrophages and foam cells were found not to express fibulin-1. Strong ECM deposition of fibulin-1 was observed in acellular atheromatous and myxomatous regions. By co...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 19, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Relocalization of a microtubule-anchoring protein, ninein, from the centrosome to dendrites during differentiation of mouse neuronsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Microtubules in typical cells form radial arrays with their plus-ends pointing toward the cell periphery. In contrast, microtubules in dendrites of neurons are free from centrosomes and have a unique arrangement in which about half have a polarity with a minus-end distal orientation. Mechanisms for generation and maintenance of the microtubule arrangement in dendrites are not well understood. Here, we examined dendritic localization of a centrosomal protein, ninein, which has microtubule-anchoring and stabilizing functions. Immunohistochemical analysis of developing mouse cerebral and cerebellar cor...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 19, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Characterization of mesenchymal stem cells from rat bone marrow: ultrastructural properties, differentiation potential and immunophenotypic markersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, morphological and immunophenotypic properties of BM-MSCs were examined in detail. Differentiation potential and growth kinetics of adult rat BM-MSCs were also determined. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR results indicated that BM-MSCs expressed myogenic (desmin, myogenin, myosin IIa, and α-SMA), neurogenic (γ-enolase, MAP2a,b, c-fos, nestin, GFAP and beta III tubulin), and osteogenic (osteonectin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, Runx-2, BMP-2, BMP-4 and type I collagen) markers without stimulation towards differentiation. These expression patterns indicated why these cells can easily differentiate into multi...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 18, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Effects of folic acid and homocysteine on spinal cord morphology of the chicken embryoEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Maternal ingestion of folic acid (FA) reduces neural tube defects, which are associated with high homocysteine levels. Present study evaluated the effects of FA and homocysteine on cell proliferation and cell adhesion, as well as on apoptosis, throughout the development of the spinal cord and mesenchyme of chicken embryos. Normal closure of the neural tube and a regular distribution of the mesenchymal cells were observed in control and FA-treated embryos. All homocysteine-treated embryos and also 6 of 10 embryos treated with FA + homocysteine showed failure of closure of the neural tube. H...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 12, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Topographical variation in the distributions of versican, aggrecan and perlecan in the foetal human spine reflects their diverse functional roles in spinal developmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract We evaluated the immunohistochemical distribution of three major proteoglycans of cartilage, i.e., aggrecan, versican and perlecan vis-a-vis collagens I and II in the developing human spine of first-trimester foetuses. Aggrecan and perlecan were prominently immunolocalised in the cartilaginous vertebral body rudiments and to a lesser extent within the foetal intervertebral disc. In contrast, versican was only expressed in the developing intervertebral disc interspace. Using domain-specific monoclonal antibodies against the various modules of versican, we discovered the V0 isoform as the predominant ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 11, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Roundness variation in JPEG images affects the automated process of nuclear immunohistochemical quantification: correction with a linear regression modelEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study attempts to show, with respect to immunohistochemically stained nuclei, which morphometric parameters may be altered by the different levels of JPEG compression, and the implications of these alterations for automated nuclear counts, and further, develops a method for correcting this discrepancy in the nuclear count. For this purpose, 47 DIs from different tissues were captured in uncompressed TIFF format and converted to 1:3, 1:23 and 1:46 compression JPEG images. Sixty-five positive objects were selected from these images, and six morphological parameters were measured and compared for each object in TIFF...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 3, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

The inability of fully grown germinal vesicle stage oocyte cytoplasm to transcriptionally silence transferred transcribing nucleiEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract For somatic cell nuclear transfer cytoplasts from metaphase II, oocytes are exclusively used. However, it is evident that certain reprogramming activities are present in oocytes even at earlier stages of maturation. These activities are, however, only poorly characterised. The main reason for this is that even the intrinsic oocyte processes are insufficiently understood. The mammalian oocyte is a highly specialised cell that harbours many specific characteristics. One of these is its particularly large size when compared to somatic cells. As the oocyte enters the growth phase its volume, as well as ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 31, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Toward visualization of nanomachines in their native cellular environmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The cellular nanocosm is made up of numerous types of macromolecular complexes or biological nanomachines. These form functional modules that are organized into complex subcellular networks. Information on the ultra-structure of these nanomachines has mainly been obtained by analyzing isolated structures, using imaging techniques such as X-ray crystallography, NMR, or single particle electron microscopy (EM). Yet there is a strong need to image biological complexes in a native state and within a cellular environment, in order to gain a better understanding of their functions. Emerging methods in EM ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 31, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Atypical fast SERCA1a protein expression in slow myofibers and differential S-nitrosylation prevented by exercise during long term bed restEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract We monitored changes in SERCA isoform specific expression and S-nitrosylation in myofibers of lower limb soleus (SOL) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle biopsies before and after 60 days of voluntary long term bed rest (BR) without (BR-CTRL group, n = 8) and with exercise countermeasure (BR-EX group, n = 8). Before BR, a typical myofiber type-specific distribution of fast and slow SERCA1/2a isoforms was seen. After BR, a subpopulation (approx. 15%) of slow myofibers in BR-CTRL additionally expressed the fast SERCA1a isoform which was not seen in BR-EX. After BR, SERCA1a S-nitr...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 30, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Monocarboxylate transporter genes in the mammary gland of lactating cowsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study is the first to examine the expression of the 14 monocarboxylate transporter genes (MCT1–MCT14) in the mammary gland of mammals. RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence confocal laser microscopy were applied in a comprehensive approach to assess the expression and cellular localization of MCTs in the mammary gland of lactating cattle. RT-PCR revealed the existence of nine MCT isoforms, namely MCT1, MCT2, MCT3, MCT4, MCT5, MCT8, MCT10, MCT13, and MCT14 in cow mammary gland. The amplified cDNA segments were confirmed by sequence analysis and deposited in the GenBank. Using the com...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 27, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Probing cell-surface dynamics and mechanics at different scalesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Recent advances in our understanding of the cell surfaces strongly rely on new physical methods and concepts. During last decades, microscopy techniques combined with statistical analysis and modelling have significantly improved the toolkit of life scientists. They provide quantitative ways to analyse diverse biological functions such as cell signalling and cell adhesion at different scales. Here, I review quantitative approaches to cell-surface dynamics and mechanics. I focus on two specific topics: how membrane molecules dynamically organize in membranes and how cell-surface mechanics can contrib...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 26, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Limiting transport steps and novel interactions of Connexin-43 along the secretory pathwayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Connexins are four-transmembrane-domain proteins expressed in all vertebrates which form permeable gap junction channels that connect cells. Here, we analysed Connexin-43 (Cx43) transport to the plasma membrane and studied the effects of small GTPases acting along the secretory pathway. We show that both GTP- and GDP-restricted Sar1 prevents exit of Cx43 from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but only GTP-restricted Sar1 arrests Cx43 in COP II-coated ER exit sites and accumulates 14-3-3 proteins in the ER fraction. FRET-FLIM data confirm that already in ER exit sites Cx43 exists in oligomeric form, su...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 25, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Complementary developmental expression of the two tyrosine hydroxylase transcripts in zebrafishEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamines. In zebrafish, two genes encoding TH have been identified. We cloned them and studied their expression in zebrafish. In adult tissues, th1 mRNA was more abundant than th2 mRNA in the brain and eyes, whereas th2 mRNA was more abundant in the liver, kidney, heart and gills. In developing brain, th1 mRNA was readily detected at 1 day post-fertilization using qPCR and in situ hybridization, whereas th2 mRNA appeared later. th1 was found in 17 catecholaminergic groups in larval brain, whereas th2 was found in four...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 23, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Microtubule-dependent formation of the stigmoid body as a cytoplasmic inclusion distinct from pathological aggresomesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The stigmoid body (STB) is a neurocytoplasmic inclusion containing huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1), an interactor of huntingtin, and its formation is induced by transfection of HAP1-cDNA into cultured cells. Although STB is believed to play a protective role in polyglutamine diseases, including Huntington’s disease and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, by sequestering the causative proteins, huntingtin and androgen receptor, respectively, its physiological function and formation remain poorly understood. Therefore, STB is occasionally confused with another cytoplasmic inclusion observed i...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 6, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

TRPV2 expression in rat oral mucosaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The oral mucosa is a highly specialised, stratified epithelium that confers protection from infection and physical, chemical and thermal stimuli. The non-keratinised junctional epithelium surrounds each tooth like a collar and is easily attacked by foreign substances from the oral sulcus. We found that TRPV2, a temperature-gated channel, is highly expressed in junctional epithelial cells, but not in oral sulcular epithelial cells or oral epithelial cells. Dual or triple immunolabelling with immunocompetent cell markers also revealed TRPV2 expression in Langerhans cells and in dendritic cells and mac...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 6, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Quantitative electron microscopy shows uniform incorporation of triglycerides into existing lipid dropletsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The lipid droplet (LD) is an organelle with a lipid ester core and a surface phospholipid monolayer. The mechanism of LD biogenesis is not well understood. The present study aimed to elucidate the LD growth process, for which we developed a new electron microscopic method that quantifies the proportion of existing and newly synthesized triglycerides in individual LDs. Our method takes advantage of the reactivity of unsaturated fatty acids and osmium tetroxide, which imparts LDs an electron density that reflects fatty acid composition. With this method, existing triglyceride-rich LDs in 3Y1 fibroblas...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 26, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

The murine AE4 promoter predominantly drives type B intercalated cell specific transcriptionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract AE4 is an anion exchanger almost exclusively expressed in the collecting ducts of the kidney. This very restricted expression prompted us to analyze its transcription in more detail. 5′ RACE yielded alternative transcriptional start sites that are predicted to code for N-terminal protein variants. Comparison of the 5′ genomic sequence between species identified a transcriptionally active region with three conserved spans. In transgenic mice β-galactosidase expression driven by this fragment resembled endogenous AE4 expression and was predominantly restricted to type B intercalated cells. Hence ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 22, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Pleiotrophin is expressed in avian somites and tendon anlagenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Pleiotrophin (Ptn) is a secreted, developmentally regulated growth factor associated with the extracellular matrix. During mammalian embryogenesis, Ptn has been suggested to play a role in the development of various embryonic structures including nervous system and skeleton. In the avian embryo, Ptn has been proposed to be involved in limb cartilage development, but embryonic Ptn expression has not been comprehensively studied. We isolated a cDNA fragment containing the full-length coding sequence of chick Ptn and studied the expression of Ptn in detail until embryonic day 10. We, furthermore, isola...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 15, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Expression of glutamate receptor subunits in human cancersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was designed to systematically analyze the expression of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptor subunits in various human cancer cell lines, compare expression levels to those in human brain tissue and, using electrophysiological techniques, explore whether cancer cells respond to glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists. Expression analysis of glutamate receptor subunits NR1-NR3B, GluR1-GluR7, KA1, KA2 and mGluR1-mGluR8 was performed by means of RT-PCR in human rhabdomyosarcoma/medulloblastoma (TE671), neuroblastoma (SK-NA-S), thyroid carcinoma (FTC 238), lung carcinoma (SK-LU-1), astrocytoma (MO...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 15, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Autometallographic enhancement of the Golgi-Cox staining enables high resolution visualization of dendrites and spinesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present a method for autometallographic (AMG) enhancement of the Golgi-Cox staining enabling high resolution visualization of dendrites and spines. The method is cheaper and more flexible than conventional enhancement procedures performed with commercial photographic developers. The staining procedure is thoroughly described and we demonstrate with qualitative and quantitative data, how histological tissue sectioning, Golgi-Cox immersion time and different AMG enhancement length may influence the staining of dendrites and spines in the rat hippocampus. The described method will be of value for future behavioural-ana...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 7, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Localization, function and regulation of the two intestinal fatty acid-binding protein typesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Although intestinal (I) and liver (L) fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) have been widely studied, the physiological significance of the presence of the two FABP forms (I- and L-FABP) in absorptive cells remains unknown as do the differences related to their distribution along the crypt-villus axis, regional expression, ontogeny and regulation in the human intestine. Our morphological experiments supported the expression of I- and L-FABP as early as 13 weeks of gestation. Whereas cytoplasmic immunofluorescence staining of L-FABP was barely detectable in the lower half of the villus and in the crypt ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 5, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals

The neurotoxicological effects of mastoparan Polybia-MPII at the murine neuromuscular junction: an ultrastructural and immunocytochemical studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Polybia-MPII (INWLKLGKMVIDAL-NH2), a mastoparan isolated from the crude venom of the swarming wasp Polybia paulista, was injected into the left hind limb of Swiss white mice. Between 3 h and 21 days later the mice were killed and the soleus muscles from both hind limbs were removed. Sections of the muscles were made for transmission electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Transmission electron microscopy showed that both the volume fraction occupied by synaptic vesicles and synaptic vesicle density was greatly reduced after exposure to Polybia-MPII, although there was no significant st...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 5, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: journals