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FTO – Friend or Foe?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241831AbstractFat mass and obesity associated gene () is the most relevant polygene for obesity to date. It has been identified by genome wide association studies concerning body weight regulation. However, its functional relevance for the pathogenesis of obesity remains elusive. Studies in rodents provide data pointing to a central role of through regulation of food intake. In addition, peripheral effects of are also discussed in the literature. This review highlights the possible relevance of for weight regulation and obesity development in central and peripheral tissues with a special ...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - November 19, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Mini-Review Source Type: journals

Expression of the Lipid Transporters ABCA3 and ABCA1 is Diminished in Human Breast Cancer TissueEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241859AbstractATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA3 and ABCA1 are related to a differentiated, lipid-secreting phenotype of type II pneumocytes. Since mammary gland epithelial cells also show pronounced lipid metabolism and secretion, we investigated the expression of these proteins in normal as well as in neoplastic breast tissue. Normal human breast tissue, breast cancer cell lines, and 162 tumor samples of patients with primary unilateral invasive breast cancer were analyzed for ABCA3 and ABCA1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays. Strong ABCA3 and ABCA...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - November 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Early Infant Diet in Children at High Risk for Type 1 DiabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241830AbstractInfant diet affects health and development. The aim of our study was to investigate WHO infant feeding compliance in children who have a first degree family history of type 1 diabetes (T1D). One hundred and fifty children who were first degree relatives of patients with T1D were intensively followed from birth in the BABYDIET intervention study. Infant feeding, infections, and medication were recorded daily by participating families. Weight and length of children were obtained from paediatric records. Only 5% of the families followed the WHO recommendations for infant feedin...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - November 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Opening of ATP-sensitive Potassium Channel by Insulin in the Brain-induced Insulin Secretion in Wistar RatsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, our findings suggest that cerebral insulin may induce insulin release by stimulating the opening of K-ATP channels, which in turn activate parasympathetic tone in pancreatic tissue.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research)
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - November 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Evaluation of a Standardized Protocol for Processing Adrenal Tumor Samples: Preparation for a European Adrenal Tumor BankEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241858AbstractStorage and tissue handling of surgical tumor specimen have been recognized as critical steps that can potentially affect reproducibility and comparability of molecular endpoints between laboratories. In the preparation of adrenal tumor tissue banking, three different protocols that simulate warm ischemia upon tumor removal (protocol I), thawing and refreezing cycles (protocol II), as well as storage of vital tumor samples (protocol III) were applied. For the first two protocols, samples were subdivided and either snap frozen or treated with a RNA preserving agent (RPA) whil...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 31, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Impact of Pregnancy on Prevalence of Goitre and Nodular Thyroid Disease in Women Living in a Region of Borderline Sufficient Iodine SupplyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241861AbstractAn interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors contributes to thyroid disease. In a cross-sectional study, we aimed to determine the influence of parity in combination with other risk factors on the prevalence of goitre and nodular thyroid disease (NTD) in women living in a region of previous overt iodine deficiency, which experienced a continuous improvement in alimentary iodine supply in the last two decades. Thyroid ultrasonography (7.5 MHz; Merck Thyromobil) was performed by the same investigator in 736 women living in Thuringia and Saxony. Age and ...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 31, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Rhythmic Supplementation of 17β-Estradiol According to the Physiological Estrous Cycle: Effect on Blood Pressure in Female Ovariectomized RatsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241807AbstractFemale Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) show a 4-day estrous cycle. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of 17β-estradiol supplementation every fourth day to ovariectomized rats – mimicking the physiological estrous cycle – on regulation of blood pressure. We monitored blood pressure telemetrically in intact females, ovariectomized (OVX), and ovariectomized WKY injected subcutaneously with 17β-estradiol (OVX) in a 4-day rhythm for 24 weeks. Blood pressure decreased both in intact females and OVX, whereas that of OVX persisted at constant levels. The u...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 31, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Animals, Clinical Source Type: journals

COUP-TFII is Regulated by High Glucose in Endothelial CellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we show COUP-TFII expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human coronary artery endothelial cells. HUVECs express glucose transporters 1, 3, 6, and 10, and the insulin receptor. Insulin in combination with glucose activates protein kinase B (PKB or Akt) phosphorylation via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase). Short-term (60–240 min) stimulation of HUVECs with high glucose increased COUP-TFII expression independent of insulin. Long-term (48 h) stimulation of HUVECs with high glucose augmented expression of the insulin receptor and E-selectin, but downregulated CO...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 28, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original, Basic Source Type: journals

Expression and Function of Endocannabinoid Receptors in the Human Adrenal CortexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study endeavors to elucidate possible interaction of the endocannabinoid system with the regulation of adrenocortical function at the adrenal level. Human adrenocortical NCI-H295R cells and normal human adrenal glands were used to study the possible effects of anandamide and cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonist SR141716A on aldosterone and cortisol secretion. Our data indicate the expression of CB1 in human adrenal cortex and adrenocortical NCI-H295R cells; CB2 was not expressed. Furthermore, anandamide inhibited basal release and stimulated release of adrenocortical steroids (corticosterone and aldosterone); this ...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 28, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Long-term Safety and Tolerability of Colesevelam HCl in Subjects with Type 2 DiabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241195AbstractThe bile acid sequestrant, colesevelam hydrochloride, is approved for glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. In three double-masked, placebo-controlled studies, colesevelam hydrochloride 3.75 g/day demonstrated its glycemic-lowering properties when added to existing metformin-, insulin-, or sulfonylurea-based therapy in adults with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes. This was a 52-week open-label extension study conducted at 63 sites in the United States and one site in Mexico to further evaluate the safety and tolerability of colesevelam hydrochloride in subj...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 28, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Testosterone Administration Induces Protection Against Global Myocardial IschemiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241843AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that chronic testosterone treatment would promote a cardioprotective phenotype against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. For this study, 3-month-old F344 male rats underwent sham-surgery, orchiectomy (ORX), or ORX plus 21 days testosterone treatment (1.0 mg testosterone/day). At sacrifice, cardiac performance was assessed in a working heart model of I/R (25 min of global ischemia and 45 min of reperfusion). ORX reduced serum testosterone by ∼98% and testosterone administration elevated serum testosterone to a concentration of 4.6-f...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 28, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Animals, Clinical Source Type: journals

Effect of Ghrelin and Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone on Prolactin Secretion in Normal WomenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241197AbstractIt is known that ghrelin stimulates the secretion of prolactin in women. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of exogenous thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on ghrelin-induced prolactin release. Ten healthy normally cycling women were studied in four menstrual cycles. The women were injected intravenously in late follicular phase (follicle size 16–17 mm) with a single dose of normal saline (cycle 1), ghrelin (1 μg/kg) (cycle 2), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (200 μg) (cycle 3), and ghrelin plus thyrotropin-releasing hormone (cyc...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

TSH Receptor Antibody (TRAb) Assays Based on the Human Monoclonal Autoantibody M22 are more Sensitive than Bovine TSH Based AssaysEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241196AbstractMeasurements of TSH receptor autoantibodies (TRAb) using assays based on the human monoclonal TSH receptor autoantibody M22 or bovine TSH have been compared in 136 adult patients. They suffered from Graves’ disease (GD, n=62), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT, n=26), or non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism (NAH, n=48) and were selected on the basis of undetectable, borderline or low TRAb levels (0.6–3 IU/l) as measured by TSH based TRAb assay (Dynotest TRAKhuman from BRAHMS). The time interval between initial diagnosis of GD and TRAb determination was high and ranged from 1...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 15, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Influence of Protein- Versus Carbohydrate-enriched Feedings on Physiological Responses During an Ultraendurance Climbing RaceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated effects of a high protein (PROT) versus a high carbohydrate (CHO) diet on performance and physiological responses during an ultraendurance climbing race at moderate altitude. On two different periods, in a randomised crossover design, ten climbers (30.0±0.9 years) participated in the race (duration 29 h approximately, energy expenditure 43.6±1.2 MJ·day) and were fed either with the PROT (30% protein content) or the CHO diet (68% carbohydrate) each providing 16.74 MJ. Mental performance was assessed by the Stroop test and we estimated maximal voluntary strength of quadriceps musc...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Evaluation of GH-IGF-I Axis in Adult Patients with Coeliac DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, a significant number of adult coeliac patients show an impaired GH secretion, this alteration being predominant in males and independent from disease onset and diet regimen. Given the absence of APAs, the cause of this pituitary dysfunction remains unclear even if a previous autoimmune involvement in some cases cannot be excluded.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research)
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Association of Genetic Variation in KCNQ1 with Type 2 Diabetes in the KORA SurveysEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241170© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research)
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 2, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Short Communication Source Type: journals

The Efficacy of Octreotide LAR as Firstline Therapy for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acromegaly is Independent of Tumor Extension: Predictive Factors of Tumor and Biochemical ResponseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239506AbstractSurgical outcome of acromegaly depends on the preoperatory tumor size and extension. Somatostatin analogues are also a highly effective treatment for acromegalic patients. Nevertheless, the response of GH-secreting adenomas to primary medical therapy is variable. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of octreotide LAR as primary therapy for acromegalic patients as a function of initial tumor extension. We performed a multicentre, prospective, observational and analytical study recruiting 19 “naive” acromegalic patients (5 microadenomas, 10 int...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 2, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Discordant Nadir GH After Oral Glucose and IGF-I Levels on Treated Acromegaly: Refining the Biochemical Markers of Mild Disease ActivityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239522AbstractBiochemical markers for remission on acromegaly activity are controversial. We studied a subset of treated acromegalic patients with discordant nadir GH levels after oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) and IGF-I values to refine the current consensus on acromegaly remission. We also compared GH results by two GH immunoassays. From a cohort of 75 treated acromegalic patients, we studied 13 patients who presented an elevated IGF-I despite post-oGTT nadir GH of ≤1 μg/l. The 12-h daytime GH profile (GH-12 h), nadir GH after oGTT, and basal IGF-I levels were...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - October 2, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Effects of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes and Elevation of Plasma FFA on Ceramide Metabolism in Rat Skeletal MuscleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238322AbstractCeramide is likely to mediate in induction of insulin resistance. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of streptozotocin-diabetes and treatment with heparin on ceramide metabolism in skeletal muscles. The experiments were performed on Wistar rats divided into three groups: 1) control, 2) treated with streptozotocin, and 3) treated with heparin. Assays were carried out on three types of muscle: slow-twitch oxidative (soleus), fast-twitch oxidative-glycolytic, and fast-twitch glycolytic (red and white section of the gastrocnemius, respectively). The activity ...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - September 15, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

PheochromocytomaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab Res 2009; 41: 655-657DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238311© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research)
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - September 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Editorial Source Type: journals

Genomic Polymorphism in the Interferon-induced Helicase (IFIH1) Gene does not Confer Susceptibility to Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in the Japanese PopulationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238293© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research)
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - September 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Short Communication Source Type: journals

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Effects on Endothelial Inflammation Markers in Healthy Subjects and Diabetic PatientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237728AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on the level of endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation markers in healthy subjects (H) and diabetic overweight patients (D). We enrolled 256 healthy subjects and 274 type 2 diabetic patients. We evaluated blood glucose (BG), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - September 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Chemotherapy with Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine in Progressive Medullary and Thyroid Carcinoma of the Follicular EpitheliumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238294AbstractNine patients (mean age 53) with metastasizing, progressive, medullary (MTC), thyroid carcinoma and progressive, nonradioiodine accumulating thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium (follicular carcinoma, FTC and papillary carcinoma, PTC) were treated with a combination of paclitaxel and gemcitabine between 2004 and 2006. Tumors were histologically classified as follicular in 5 patients (56%), as papillary in 2 patients (22%), and medullary in 2 patients (22%). Paclitaxel (90–100 mg/m) and gemcitabine (1 000 mg/m) were applied for two, three, or...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - September 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Pheochromocytomas, PASS, and ImmunohistochemistryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238274AbstractDifferentiation between malignant and benign pheochromocytomas of the adrenal gland traditionally relies on the presence of clinically detectable metastases. The PASS system for differentiating between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is based on defined morphological criteria, of which some are related to tumour cell proliferation and survival. Immunohistochemical markers for important events in the cell cycle were explored in order to characterise differences in apoptosis, G1 checkpoints, and S phase in more detail. A panel consisting of p53, tenascin, bcl-2, pRb, cy...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Mini-Review Source Type: journals

Comparative Effects of Telmisartan and Eprosartan on Insulin Sensitivity in the Treatment of Overweight Hypertensive PatientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237359AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of telmisartan and eprosartan on insulin sensitivity in overweight hypertensive patients. Fifty overweight (BMI≥25 and <30 kg/m) outpatients, aged 41–65 years, with mild to moderate hypertension [systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140 and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 and ≤110 mmHg], after a 4-week placebo period, were randomized to receive telmisartan 80 mg or eprosartan 600 mg for 8 weeks. Following another 4-week placebo period, patients were crossed to the alternative r...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 26, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Efficacy and Safety Comparison Between the DPP-4 Inhibitor Vildagliptin and the Sulfonylurea Gliclazide After Two Years of Monotherapy in Drug-naïve Patients with Type 2 DiabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report is part of the overall evaluation of using vildagliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Here the results of a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled study designed to compare the efficacy and safety of two years of monotherapy with vildagliptin 50 mg bid and gliclazide up to 320 mg/day in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes are reported. A total of 546 patients were randomized and ∼74% of patients completed the study in each group. HbA values were slightly higher in the gliclazide group (HbA of 8.7±0.1% vs. 8.5±0.1% in the vildagliptin group). The mean reduction...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 25, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Improved Metabolic Control After 12-Week Dietary Intervention with Low Glycaemic Isomalt in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes MellitusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1234107AbstractThe polyol isomalt (Palatinit) is a very low glycaemic sugar replacer. The effect of food supplemented with isomalt instead of higher glycaemic ingredients like sucrose and/or starch hydrolysates on metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes was examined in this open study. Thirty-three patients with type 2 diabetes received a diet with foods containing 30 g/d isomalt instead of higher-glycaemic carbohydrates for 12 weeks. Metformin and/or thiazolidindiones were the only concomitant oral antidiabetics allowed during the study. Otherwise, the participants mainta...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Exercise Training Improved Insulin Sensitivity and Ovarian Morphology in Rats with Polycystic Ovary SyndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1234119AbstractHyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia are major clinical features in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We hypothesized that serum insulin levels reduced by exercise could relieve hyperandrogenism and ameliorate polycystic ovarian morphology. Wistar female rats with 21-day-old were randomly divided into three groups: PCOS exercise (P-Ex), PCOS sedentary (P-Sed), and control sedentary (C-Sed). The rats with PCOS were induced by injection with testosterone propionate continuously. The exercise program was to swim with 120 min/d for two weeks. Fasting blood gluc...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 20, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Animals, Clinical Source Type: journals

Early Maternal Hyperleptinemia Programs Adipogenic Phenotype in RatsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1234070AbstractWe have previously reported on the treatment of maternal rats with leptin during the three last days of lactation program for overweight and leptin hypothalamic resistance in the offspring. Here we have investigated whether treatment of maternal rats with leptin in the first ten days of lactation can program metabolic dysfunctions on the adult offspring. Lactating rats were divided into 2 groups: rats (LEP) injected with recombinant mouse leptin (8 μg/100 g/body weight, daily during the first 10 days of lactation) and control group (C) that received the same volum...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 15, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Animals, Clinical Source Type: journals

Treatment of Malignant PheochromocytomaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1231025AbstractPheochromocytoma (PCC) is a rare disease, mainly sporadic, but also associated with some familial disorders, with a malignancy frequency of approximately 10%. Only the presence of distant metastases, derived from large pleomorphic chromaffin cells, is widely accepted as a criterion of malignancy. Variable symptoms may be caused by production and release of catecholamines. Since there is no curative treatment for malignant PCC and due to its unfavorable prognosis, assuring quality of life is one of the main therapeutic objectives. Besides a long-term medical treatment of symp...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 12, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Review Source Type: journals

Parathyroid Hormone Upregulates BMP-2 mRNA Expression Through Mevalonate Kinase and Rho Kinase Inhibition in Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 CellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was performed to examine if PTH affects BMP-2 expression and to clarify its involvement of the mevalonate pathway. Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with human PTH-(1–34) to determine BMP-2 mRNA expression levels by real-time PCR and to measure the ROK activity by the kinase assay. Incubation with 10–10 M of hPTH-(1–34) for 6 h induced significant upregulation of BMP-2 mRNA levels in MC3T3-E1 cells. Short-term treatment of hPTH-(1–34) suppressed Rho kinase activity and mevalonate kinase mRNA levels. PTH-induced BMP-2 mRNA upregulation was selectively reversed by geranylgerany...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 12, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Glucose, Metformin, and AICAR Regulate the Expression of G Protein-coupled Receptor Members in INS-1 β CellEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1234043AbstractGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) are members of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) family. They are abundantly expressed in islet β cells, and mediate effects of incretins and fatty acids in β cells. Glucose and 5-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are known to be involved in the regulation of β cell function. Metformin and the potential therapeutic drug for type 2 diabetes, 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAR), are both known activator...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 12, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Comparison of Vasopressin and Oxytocin Expressions in the Hypothalamo-Neurohypophysial System of Patients with Chronic Heart FailureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, our study provides the morphological evidence for activation of vasopressin (but not oxytocin) expression and vasopressin transport to the posterior pituitary in patients with chronic heart failure.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research)
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 12, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Temporal Evaluation of Body Composition, Glucose Homeostasis and Lipid Profile of Male Rats Programmed by Maternal Protein Restriction During LactationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1233457AbstractNeonatal protein restriction causes lower body weight and hormonal dysfunctions in 6 months-old rats. In this model, we studied the body composition, glycogen content, serum lipid, serum protein, and hormones related to glucose homeostasis in the offspring during development. At birth, lactating rats were divided into: control dams – fed a normal diet (23% protein) and protein restricted dams – fed a diet with 8% protein. After weaning, pups received normal diet. Offspring were killed at 21, 90, and 180 days-old. Protein restricted offspring showed lower visceral...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 12, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Animals, Clinical Source Type: journals

Expression of Ghrelin and its Receptor in Human TissuesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1233462AbstractGhrelin is a peptide thought to be involved in the regulation of appetite. Furthermore, significant effects on the release of growth hormone (GH) and ACTH were demonstrated. Contributing to the physiological relevance of this hormone, we investigated the expression of ghrelin and its receptor (GHS-R) in several normal human tissues. RNA samples (BD Biosciences) underwent one-step TaqMan Real-Time RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed on paraffin-embedded tissues using specific primary antibodies against ghrelin and its receptor. Relevant ghrelin mRNA levels were detecte...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Effect of RU486 on Hepatic and Adipocyte Gene Expression Improves Diabetes Control in Obesity-type 2 DiabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1234071AbstractCortisol has wide-ranging actions, namely in gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis and exerts its effects through the glucocorticoid receptor. In the present study, we examined effects of glucocorticoid receptor blockade on type 2 diabetes control using the antagonist, RU486. Obese diabetic mice received daily injections of vehicle or RU486 over 28 days. Food intake, body weight, and plasma glucose were measured frequently. At 28 days, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and plasma triglycerides were assessed. Epididymal white adipose tissue and liver were excised for measure...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Lack of Significant Effects of the Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility Loci JAZF1, CDC123/CAMK1D, NOTCH2, ADAMTS9, THADA, and TSPAN8/LGR5 on Diabetes and Quantitative Metabolic TraitsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1233480AbstractRecently, several novel loci reaching genome-wide significance levels for type 2 diabetes (T2D) were identified through a meta-analysis of three genome-wide scans and large-scale follow-up. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of these loci with T2D and related subphenotypes in two cohorts from Germany. We performed an association study of 9 SNPs in or around , /, , , , , , , and / with T2D and related quantitative traits (fasting insulin and glucose, indices derived from OGTT) in the isolated population of Sorbs (205 cases and 695 controls) and in a mixed...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

The Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Serum Dickkopf-1, Osteoprotegerin, and RANKL in Patients with Paget's Disease of BoneEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1233491AbstractOverexpression of dickkopf (DKK)-1 in pagetic osteoblast cultures resulted in stimulation of osteoclast proliferation and inhibition of osteoblast growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate for the first time in Paget's disease of bone (PDB): 1) the serum levels of DKK1; 2) the association of DKK-1 with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG); and 3) the effect of zoledronic acid (ZOL) on serum DKK-1, RANKL, and OPG. The study was conducted as a prospective open-label cohort study. Eleven patients with PDB (median age 60 years) were ...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Associations Between Circulating N-terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) and Adiponectin Concentrations Depend on Obesity Level in Female Adolescents: Gender Dimorphic FindingsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1233459AbstractN-terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) is an established biomarker for heart failure in adults, while its plasma concentrations are altered in adult obesity. Plasma adiponectin concentrations are decreased in obesity and low levels are associated with disorders with an increased cardiometabolic risk. A few studies support an association between these two markers in adults with coronary heart disease. Such relations have not been investigated in children with obesity, which is the most prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Ninety-six children, 24 obe...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Diurnal Changes in Urinary Excretion of IgG, Transferrin, and Ceruloplasmin Depend on Diurnal Changes in Systemic Blood Pressure in Normotensive, Normoalbuminuric Type 2 Diabetic PatientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1233458AbstractPrevious studies of diabetic patients indicate that increased urinary excretion of certain plasma proteins (molecular radii <55 Å), such as IgG, transferrin, and ceruloplasmin, precede the development of microalbuminuria. Moreover, increases in these urinary proteins predict future development of microalbuminuria. To clarify whether blood pressure changes influence urinary excretion of these proteins, we examined relationships between diurnal blood pressure changes measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and urinary excretion of IgG, transferrin, cerulopla...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - August 8, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Combinatory Effects of Androgen Receptor Deficiency and Hind Limb Unloading on BoneEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1231056AbstractMale sex hormones play a critical role in regulation of bone metabolism. In male mice lacking androgen receptor (AR), osteopenia and high turnover state in bone remodeling have been reported. However, androgen receptor's role in disuse-induced osteopenia is not known. Therefore, we examined the effects of AR deficiency on unloading-induced bone loss. Wild type or androgen receptor deficient mice (ARKO) were subjected to hind limb unloading (HU) or normal housing (Control). The groups of mice were as follows; wild type control mice (Group WT-Cont), ARKO control mice (Group AR...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 24, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Changes in GH/IGF-1 Axis in Intrauterine Growth Retardation: Consequences of Fetal Programming?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1231026AbstractFetal growth is a complex process that depends on the genotype and epigenotype of the fetus, maternal nutrition, the availability of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus, intrauterine insults, and a variety of growth factors and proteins of maternal and fetal/placental origin. In the fetus, growth hormone (GH) plays little or no role in regulating fetal growth, and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) control growth directly independent of fetal GH secretion. Placental growth hormone (PGH) is the prime regulator of maternal serum IGF-1 during pregnancy. Total as well as free PGH ...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Review Source Type: journals

Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Intracoronary Adrenomedullin Levels in Coronary Artery DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined 12 patients with CAD who required coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and 10 patients with non-CAD who underwent cardiac surgery for valve replacement. Plasma levels of adrenomedullin were measured in peripheral vein circulation, in left coronary artery (LCA) and coronary sinus (CS) during coronary angiography. Epicardial adipose tissue biopsy for Reverse Transcription and Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR) adrenomedullin mRNA analysis and Western Blotting (WB) protein expression was performed during cardiac surgery in all subjects. Peripheral, LCA, and CS plasma adrenomedullin levels were significantly lower in CAD patien...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Transcripts of Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Kinases are Changed After Forskolin- or IBMX-induced Insulin Secretion due to Melatonin Treatment of Rat Insulinoma β-Cells (INS-1)*Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of melatonin on transcripts of isoforms of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases in rat insulinoma β-cells INS-1. Investigations show that calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase IV and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase 2d are expressed in human and rat pancreatic islets and INS-1 cells. By application of either forskolin or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine for 6 hours, calcium spiking was evoked and the release of insulin was increased. The expression of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase IV and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase 2d transcripts was s...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Effect of L-Acetylcarnitine on Body Composition in HIV-related LipodystrophyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the impact of -acetylcarnitine treatment on metabolic parameters and body composition in patients with lipodystrophy syndrome secondary to antiretroviral treatment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A total of 9 HIV-1 infected patients with lipodystrophy syndrome (4F/5M, age 41±5 years, HIV duration 8±2 years, BMI 23.7±3.4 kg/m, on protease inhibitors and nucleoside analogue Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors) were evaluated before and after 8 months of therapy with -acetylcarnitine (2 g/die) and 9 matched healthy subjects served as control subjects. In all patients fasting pl...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

In Vivo Knockdown of p85α with an Antisense Oligonucleotide Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Lepob/ob and Diet-induced Obese MiceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we assessed the effects of in vivo knockdown of the p85α subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase on insulin sensitivity, using an antisense oligonucleotide, in lean mice, diet-induced obese mice, and obese leptin-deficient Lep mice. Mice were injected with either p85α-targeted antisense oligonucleotide or saline twice weekly for 4 weeks. Fasting levels of glycemia and insulinemia and insulin and glucose tolerance tests were used to determine insulin sensitivity. Western blot analysis and real-time polyacrylamide chain reaction were used to assess p85α protein and mRNA expression. administration o...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Animals, Clinical Source Type: journals

Phosphorylation of Perilipin is Associated with Indicators of Lipolysis in Holstein CowsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1225359AbstractPerilipin is a regulatory protein that coats the lipid droplet in adipocytes. In the basal state, perilipin inhibits lipolysis by restricting access of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) to the lipid droplet. In contrast, during stimulated lipolysis, phosphorylated perilipin interacts with HSL such that the catalytic activity of HSL on its acylglycerol substrate is enhanced. However, the regulation and function of perilipin in vivo has not been defined clearly across comparative animal models. Consequently, this study was undertaken to determine if changes in perilipin mRNA, pro...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 8, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Original Basic Source Type: journals

Diagnosis of Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: Unstimulated Early Morning Cortisol in Saliva and Serum in Comparison with the Insulin Tolerance TestEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of BSeC and BSaC in comparison to the insulin tolerance test (ITT). Seventy-seven patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disease and 184 healthy controls were enrolled. ITT were performed in patients, and BSeC as well as BSaC levels were measured in patients and controls. Upper and lower thresholds (with ≥95% specificity either for adrenal sufficiency or adrenal insufficiency) were calculated by ROC analysis both for BSeC and BSaC. The ITT identified 41 patients as adrenal insufficient and 36 patients as adrenal sufficient. Upper and lower cutoffs were 47...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 8, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Humans, Clinical Source Type: journals

Effect of Testosterone on Thyroid Weight and Function in Iodine Deficient Castrated RatsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1225629AbstractThe prevalence of goiter, especially in iodine deficient regions, is higher in women than in men. This investigation was conducted to determine the effect of testosterone on thyroid weight and function in both normal iodine deficient and castrated rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 7 animals each: Castrated hormone treated (C+T); castrated nonhormone treated (C+NT); normal (N), iodine deficient diet, castrated hormone treated (ID+C+T); castrated iodine deficient diet, nonhormone treated (ID+C+NT); and normal iodine deficient diet (ID+N). Three weeks after c...
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 8, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Animals, Clinical Source Type: journals

Inhibition of Neutral Endopeptidase 24.11 does not Potentiate the Improvement in Glycemic Control Obtained with Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibition in Diabetic Goto–Kakizaki RatsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1225609© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research)
Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research - July 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Short Communication Source Type: journals