Immunology LettersThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

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392 records returned

AID-mediated somatic hypermutation for generation of viral envelope protein diversity in patient-specific therapeutic HIV vaccines based on induction of neutralizing antibodies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The somatic hypermutation (SHM) hypothesis for R5-X4 HIV-1 switching has recently received experimental support. AID-mediated SHM in B cell lines can be used to generate patient's HIV-1 envelope protein diversity in vitro for subsequent vaccination of HIV-1-infected patient at the beginning of asymptomatic period with a resulting mixture of mutant envelope proteins. Suggested approach, which represents a vaccination against R5-X4 HIV-1 switching, might open possibilities for creation of patient-specific therapeutic HIV vaccines based on induction of neutralizing antibodies. PMID: 19917313 [PubMed - as supplied by p...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 13, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Suslov KV Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Induction of T cells suppression by dendritic cells transfected with VSIG4 recombinant adenovirus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
VSIG4 has been recently described as a B7 family-related protein. The immunotherapeutic potential of dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with VSIG4 recombinant adenovirus has not been characterized. In the present study, DCs were transfected with human VSIG4 (hVSIG4) recombinant adenovirus, a novel costimulatory molecule known to be a potent inhibitor of T cell activation. Transfected DCs were cocultured with allogeneic T cells and proliferation, cytokine production and T cell activation marker expression were assessed. The results showed that T cell proliferation potential, cytokine production and activation marker expr...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 12, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Xu S, Sun Z, Wu X, Liu J, He J, Song D, Shan G, Liu H, Yang Z Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Suppression of Con A-induced hepatitis induction in ICOS-deficient mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although there is growing evidence that NKT cells play an important role in various immune responses through the invariant T cell receptor, other cell surface molecules responsible for their function are not fully understood. Here we study the role of ICOS, the third member of the CD28 family of costimulatory receptors, in in vivo and in vitro NKT cell responses. To establish its in vivo role in systems dependent on NKT cells, we examined the development of Con A-induced hepatitis in ICOS knockout (ICOS(-/-)) mice. We demonstrated that hepatic injury in ICOS(-/-) mice was greatly suppressed as evidenced by the reduced ...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 12, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Watanabe S, Ohnuki K, Hara Y, Ishida Y, Ikarashi Y, Ogawa S, Kishimoto H, Tanabe K, Abe R Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Il-33 is upregulated in colonocytes of ulcerative colitis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
IL-33 IS UPREGULATED IN COLONOCYTES OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS. Immunol Lett. 2009 Nov 10; Authors: Seidelin JB, Bjerrum JT, Coskun M, Widjaya B, Vainer B, Nielsen OH Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a novel member of the IL-1 cytokine family. It has been shown to elicit a Th2-like cytokine response in immunocompetent cells through binding and activation of the T1/ST2 receptor. IL-33 has recently been associated with immune responses to helminthic intestinal infections, airway inflammation and arthritis in animal models. We now report IL-33 to be produced by colonic epithelial cells in humans and it is highly upregulated i...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 10, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Seidelin JB, Bjerrum JT, Coskun M, Widjaya B, Vainer B, Nielsen OH Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

IL-23 induces receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand expression in fibroblast-like synoviocytes via STAT3 and NF-kappaB signal pathways.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was undertaken to explore the role of IL-23 in stimulating the expression of the receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) ligand (RANKL) and osteoclastogenic activity in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). These cells were separated from the synoviumof patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLS) and osteoarthritis (OA-FLS) and stimulated with IL-23. RANKL expression was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and immunostaining. Osteoclast precursor cells were cocultured with IL-23-stimulated RA-FLS and OA-FLS and subsequently stained for tartrate-resistant a...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 6, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Li X, Kim KW, Cho ML, Ju JH, Kang CM, Oh HJ, Min JK, Lee SH, Park SH, Kim HY Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Mast cell and T cell communication; amplification and control of adaptive immunity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Recent advances in understanding the physiological role of mast cells (MCs) points to an important regulatory role for these cells in adaptive immunity. MCs express a diverse array of molecules that can promote their interaction with T cells as well as with other immune cells. New evidence demonstrates that mast cells can directly and indirectly communicate with T cells. They can control both effector and regulatory T cell responses and their activity can in turn be modulated by these interactions. Here we briefly summarize these advances and discuss some of the major challenges in understanding the communication of MC...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 6, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hershko AY, Rivera J Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

TLR2-, TLR4- and Myd88-independent acquired humoral and cellular immunity against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Toll-like receptors (TLR) are central to pathogen recognition by the innate immune system. However, their role in the generation of acquired immunity is less clear. Using experimental S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) infection of mice, we determined the role of TLR2, TLR4 and of the TLR adaptor protein Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in the generation of specific T and B cell responses against this pathogen. When infected with an attenuated ST strain, mice deficient in TLR4, TLR2 plus TLR4 or MyD88 suffered from exacerbated bacterial burden and delayed clearance. However, all mutant mice not only survived...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 3, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Seibert SA, Mex P, Köhler A, Kaufmann SH, Mittrücker HW Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

The ABC of clinical and experimental adjuvants- a brief overview.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Adjuvants are compounds that can increase and/or modulate the intrinsic im- munogenicity of an antigen and elicit strong and long lasting immune responses. During the last 80 years many adjuvants have been used in experimental settings, but due to various shortcomings of most of them only aluminum compounds made it into regular clinical usage. However, during the last years promising candi- dates have arisen that may finally adjunct or displace aluminum substances as main adjuvant. This review summarizes information on adjuvants currently used in clinical as well as in experimental settings. PMID: 19895847 [PubMed ...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 3, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Brunner R, Jensen-Jarolim E, Pali-Schöll I Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

IL-10 suppresses Th17 cells and promotes regulatory T cells in the CD4(+) T cell population of rheumatoid arthritis patients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to examine whether IL-10, which acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, has a suppressive effect on the activation of human Th17 cells. Expression of IL-17 and IL-10 was examined immunohistochemically in tissue obtained from rheumatoid arthritis patients. Human peripheral blood CD4(+) T cells were isolated and cultured under various stimulatory conditions. Th17 cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells were detected by flow cytometry. The gene expression of related cytokines and transcription factors were assessed by ELISA and RT-PCR. IL-17 was overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis patients. IL-10 ...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 3, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Heo YJ, Joo YB, Oh HJ, Park MK, Heo YM, Cho ML, Kwok SK, Ju JH, Park KS, Cho SG, Park SH, Kim HY, Min JK Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Regulation of human mast cell and basophil function by anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Allergic diseases such as asthma result from inappropriate immunologic responses to common environmental allergens in genetically susceptible individuals. Following allergen exposure, interaction of dendritic cells (DC) with CD4(+) T cells leads to the production of Th2 cytokines, which induce B cells to synthesize IgE molecules (sensitization phase). These IgE molecules bind to their high affinity receptors (FcvarepsilonRI) on the surface of mast cells and basophils and their subsequent cross-linking by allergen results in the release of preformed and newly synthesized mediators, which cause bronchoconstriction, lung ...
Source: Immunology Letters - November 3, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ali H Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Tec protein tyrosine kinase inhibits CD25 expression in human T-lymphocyte.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the role of Tec in human T-lymphocyte using the Jurkat T-lymphoid cell line stably transfected with a cDNA encoding Tec. We found that the expression of wild-type Tec inhibited the expression of CD25 induced by TCR cross-linking. Second, we observed that LFM-A13, a selective inhibitor of Tec family PTK, rescued the suppression of TCR-induced CD25 expression observed in wild-type Tec-expressing Jurkat cells. In addition, expression of kinase-deleted Tec did not alter the expression level of CD25 after TCR ligation. We conclude that Tec PTK mediates signals that negatively regulate CD25 express...
Source: Immunology Letters - October 30, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Susaki K, Kitanaka A, Dobashi H, Kubota Y, Kittaka K, Kameda T, Yamaoka G, Mano H, Mihara K, Ishida T Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

SKAP1 is dispensable for chemokine induced; migration of primary T-cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we found that SDF-1 and CCL21 induced similar motility in SKAP1 deficient (SKAP1-/-) and wild type (SKAP1+/+) resting, primary T-cells. In addition, the speed (i.e. 13muM/min), tracking distance (i.e. length) and displacement values (i.e. direct distance between the start and the end positions of cell movement) in response to SDF1 were similar for SKAP1-/- and SKAP1+/+ primary, actvated T-cells. Anti-CD3 ligation also arrested the migration (i.e. stop-signal) of resting SKAP1+/+ and SKAP1-/- T-cells in the presence of SDF-1 and CCL21. These data demonstrate that contrary to its central role in anti-CD3 induc...
Source: Immunology Letters - October 30, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wang H, Lu Y, Rudd CE Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

HBcAg18-27 epitope fused to HIV-Tat(49-57) adjuvanted with CpG ODN induces immunotherapeutic effects in transgenic mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Successful immunotherapy of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is expected to be characterized by enhanced activation of immune responses. Combining the specificity of hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope, the cell penetrating property of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV)-Tat peptide, and the adjuvanticity of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) may elicit strong immune responses and therapeutic effects in HBV infection. We synthesized a fusion peptide containing HBcAg18-27 CTL epitope and HIV-Tat(49-57) peptide. The fusion peptide was intramuscularly injected to HBV transgeni...
Source: Immunology Letters - October 30, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wang S, Han Q, Zhang N, Chen J, Liu Z, Zhang G, Li Z Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Inhibition of TLR4 signaling prolongs Treg-dependent murine islet allograft survival.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) provide an important link between innate and adaptive immune system. We hypothesized that the recognition of endogenous TLR4 ligands is occurring at the time of transplantation, and these innate signals drive the inflammation and affect alloimmune responses. We confirmed that early after transplantation of allogenic islets, transcripts for TLR4 as well as potential ligands were released or upregulated. In an allogenic islet transplantation model, genetic disruption of TLR4 on donor islets had no effect on allograft survival, whereas TLR4 deficiency in recipients lead to prolonged graft surviv...
Source: Immunology Letters - October 28, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zhang N, Krüger B, Lal G, Luan Y, Yadav A, Zang W, Grimm M, Waaga-Gasser AM, Murphy B, Bromberg JS, Schröppel B Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Mechanism of tumor cell-induced T-cell apoptosis mediated by galectin-1.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Galectin-1 (Gal-1) has been implicated in tumor progression partly via the induction of T-cell apoptosis. However the mechanism of Gal-1 induced T-cell death was mostly studied using recombinant, soluble Gal-1 producing controversial results. To explore the true mechanism of Gal-1 and hence tumor cell induced T-cell death, we applied co-cultures of tumor cells and T-cells thus avoiding artificial circumstances generated with using recombinant protein. T-cells died when co-cultured with Gal-1-expressing but survived with Gal-1 non-expressing tumor cells. Removing tumor-cell surface Gal-1 or knocking down Gal-1 expressio...
Source: Immunology Letters - October 26, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kovács-Sólyom F, Blaskó A, Fajka-Boja R, Katona RL, Végh L, Novák J, Szebeni GJ, Krenács L, Uher F, Tubak V, Kiss R, Monostori E Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Selective upregulation of CDK2 is critical for TLR9 signaling stimulated proliferation of human lung cancer cell.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Accumulating data suggested that functional TLR9 was expressed in various tumor cells and TLR9 signaling could enhance the progression of tumor cells. However, the underlying mechanism of TLR9 signaling on the progression of tumors cells remains largely undefined. Our previous study demonstrated that the TLR9 agonist CpG ODNs could significantly enhance the progression of human lung cancer cells in vivo. Here we further evaluated the direct effect of CpG ODNs on the proliferation and cell cycle of human lung cancer cells. Our data showed that TLR9 agonist CpG ODNs could robustly elevate the proliferation and stimulate ...
Source: Immunology Letters - October 22, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Xu L, Wang C, Wen Z, Yao X, Liu Z, Li Q, Wu Z, Xu Z, Liang Y, Ren T Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

CD27 and CCR7 expression on naive T cells, are both necessary?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The phenotype of human naive T cells is commonly defined by the expression of three surface markers: CD45RA, CD27 and CCR7. Despite of the convenience of a three-marker strategy naive T cells are usually analyzed as CD45RA+CD27+ or CD45RA+CCR7+. The accuracy of both phenotypes describing naive T cells needs to be assessed. PMID: 19854218 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 22, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ferrando-Martinez S, Ruiz-Mateos E, Leal M Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Trans-presentation: a novel mechanism regulating IL-15 delivery and responses.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Interleukin (IL)-15 is a cytokine that acts on a wide range of cell types but is most crucial for the development, homeostasis, and function of a specific group of immune cells that includes CD8 T cells, NK cells, NKT cells, and CD8alphaalpha intraepithelial lymphocytes. IL-15 signals are transmitted through the IL-2/15Rbeta and common gamma (gammaC) chains; however, it is the delivery of IL-15 to these signaling components that is quite unique. As opposed to other cytokines that are secreted, IL-15 primarily exists bound to the high affinity IL-15Ralpha. When IL-15/IL-15Ralpha complexes are shuttled to the cell surfac...
Source: Immunology Letters - October 5, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Stonier SW, Schluns KS Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

B cell activation versus anergy; the antigen receptor as a molecular switch.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19808046 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Cambier JC, Getahun A Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Unraveling Bacterial Interactions with Toll-like Receptors.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bacterial diversity, tight regulation of Toll-like receptor function, and the variation of cellular phenotypes dependent on the local microenvironment, are increasingly recognized as key factors in maintaining immune homeostasis. Here we discuss bacterial and host factors important for a balanced immune response during infection. PMID: 19808047 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: van Putten JP, Bouwman LI, de Zoete MR Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Fc receptors: role in biology and antibody therapy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19808048 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: van de Winkel JG Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Generation of gut-homing T cells and their localization to the small intestinal mucosa.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19808049 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Agace W Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

"Communication between immune cells mediated by membrane connections"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19808050 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Salter RD, Watkins SC Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

On the origin and function of immune 'self' recognition.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19808051 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: van den Berg TK Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Genetic infectious susceptibility and TLR defects in human.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Human primary immunodeficiencies impairing Toll like receptor (TLR) signalling pathway have been recently described in patients with various infectious diseases. Germ line mutations in NEMO and IKBA impair NF-B-mediated signalling, at least in response to TLRs, IL-1Rs, and TNFRs stimulation, and confer broad predisposition to infections; mutations in IRAK4 and MYD88 selectively impair TLRs other than TLR3 and most IL-1Rs responses, and predispose to pyogenic bacterial diseases, invasive pneumococcal disease in particular; mutations in TLR3 and UNC93B1 impair TLR3 responses and predispose to herpes simplex encephalitis....
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Picard C, Puel A, Zhang SY, Jouanguy E, Sancho V, Abel L, Casanova JL Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Sensing and signaling by the immune system.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19808053 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wauben MH, Toes RE, Bos NA, Damoiseaux J, Ham SM, van de Loosdrecht AA, Samsom JN Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Innate recognition of viruses.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19808054 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Diebold S Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Dusting the sugar fingerprint: C-type lectin signaling in adaptive immunity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19808055 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Dunnen JD, Gringhuis SI, Geijtenbeek TB Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Dendritic cells integrate signals from the tumor microenvironment to modulate immunity and tumor growth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells with the ability to either initiate or prevent the induction of antigen-specific T cell responses. The conventional DC-centric paradigm of DC-T cell interactions emphasizes the induction of T cell tolerance by immature DCs and the induction of T cell immunity by mature DCs. However, current evidence suggests that DCs can exist in a multitude of functional states other than simply immature or mature and the immunogenic capacity of the DC may be conditioned by the microenvironment. It is likely that DCs are important for the induction of tumor immune surveil...
Source: Immunology Letters - September 20, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lin A, Schildknecht A, Nguyen LT, Ohashi PS Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Dynamics of CD11c(+) Dendritic Cell Subsets in Lymph Nodes Draining the Site of Intestinal Nematode Infection.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Helminth parasites drive dominant Th2 responses through an as yet unidentified pathway. We have previously shown that the rodent gastrointestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis secretes products which selectively activate in vitro-derived dendritic cells to induce Th2 responses on in vivo transfer. We now show that, during active infection with this parasite, the draining mesenteric lymph node dendritic cell population is altered significantly. Although there is substantial expansion of DC numbers during infection, the CD86(hi)-CD8alpha(int)-CD11b(-) subset is markedly diminished, and expression levels of CD40, ...
Source: Immunology Letters - September 16, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Balic A, Smith KA, Harcus Y, Maizels RM Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

TLR-9 signaling and TCR stimulation co-regulate CD8(+) T cell-associated PD-1 expression.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Elevated Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) expression can inhibit T cell activity and is a potential barrier to achieving persisting and optimal immunity via therapeutic vaccination. Using a direct lymph node-targeted vaccination procedure that enabled uncoupling of synthetic peptide (signal 1, TCR-mediated) and adjuvant (signal 2, non-TCR-mediated), we evaluated the impact of varied doses of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-9 ligand CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) adjuvant on epitope-specific CD8(+) T cell-associated PD-1 expression. Peptide vaccination without adjuvant yielded CD8(+) T cells with significantly elevated PD-1 expressio...
Source: Immunology Letters - September 10, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wong RM, Smith KA, Tam VL, Pagarigan RR, Meisenburg BL, Quach AM, Carrillo MA, Qiu Z, Bot AI Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

IFN-gamma deficiency worsen Pneumocystis pneumonia with Th17 development in nude mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) occurs frequently in patients with immunodeficiency syndromes, especially AIDS. In order to investigate the role of IFN-gamma on PCP, nude mice deficient in IFN-gamma (GKO nude) and their wild-type ones (WT nude) were infected with murine Pneumocystis. Nine weeks later they were sacrificed, and cytokines in BALF and lung histopathology were compared between them. Cyst burden was greater in GKO than in WT nude mice. Histopathology in the lung was severer and granulomatous lesions were observed more frequently in GKO nude mice. Levels of IL-17 were higher in BALF of GKO than in that of WT nud...
Source: Immunology Letters - September 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hu T, Takamoto M, Hida S, Tagawa YI, Sugane K Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Allergen-sensitization in vivo enhances mast cell-induced inflammatory responses and supports innate immunity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mast cells are immune cells that play a crucial role in inflammatory reactions related to allergic reactions and the defense against certain parasites and bacteria. In allergy, the binding of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to its high-affinity receptor (FcvarepsilonRI) sensitizes mast cells. Subsequent cross-linking of IgE-FcvarepsilonRI by multivalent antigen results in cellular activation and the release of proinflammatory mediators. Recent in vivo and in vitro experiments suggest that IgE not only acts as an allergen sensor, but also induces molecular and biological changes in mast cells. In the present study we examined wh...
Source: Immunology Letters - September 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Salinas E, Quintanar JL, Ramírez-Celis NA, Quintanar-Stephano A Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Programmed Death-1 receptor negatively regulates LPS-mediated IL-12 production and differentiation of murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we demonstrate that IL-12 production was greatly suppressed in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells upon PD-1 engagement with B7-H1.Fc fusion protein, and was restored in the presence of antagonistic anti-PD-1 mAb. PD-1-mediated suppression of IL-12 production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells was mediated by inhibition of Janus N-terminal-linked kinase (JNK) signaling pathway, and to a lesser extent, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway through the recruitment of SHP-2 to PD-1 cytoplasmic tail. B7-H1.Fc-mediated PD-1 engagement also downregulates the expression of co-stimulatory molec...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 28, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Cho HY, Choi EK, Lee SW, Jung KO, Seo SK, Choi IW, Park SG, Choi I, Lee SW Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

LIGHT protein suppresses tumor growth by augmentation of immune response.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily member LIGHT has potent anti-tumor activities through activation of the immune response, and it is a promising candidate for use in cancer immunotherapy. However, there are no reports of the anti-tumor effects of LIGHT protein in vivo because of the lack of easy, efficient methods of manufacturing this protein. Here, we developed a method of manufacturing recombinant LIGHT protein using E. coli through refolding of inclusion bodies; we then evaluated the anti-tumor activity of the protein. LIGHT protein expressed in E. coli showed the same biological activities and binding af...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 25, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Morishige T, Yoshioka Y, Inakura H, Tanabe A, Watanabe H, Yao X, Tsunoda SI, Tsutsumi Y, Mukai Y, Okada N, Nakagawa S Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

CD28(-) CD8(+) T cells do not contain unique clonotypes and are therefore dispensable.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Highly differentiated CD28 effector T cells which accumulate in a variety of diseases and also with increasing age contribute to inflammatory processes, limit immunological space and diversity, and are associated with immunological dysfunction and reduced responses to vaccination. Elimination of CD28 T cells has been suggested as a measure for immunological rejuvenation but may lead to the loss of important T cell specificities. Using T cells specific for the immunodominant CMV-derived epitope NLVPMVATV as a model, we show that the same clonotypes are present in CD8(+)CD28(+) naïve/early memory and CD8(+)CD28 effe...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 24, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Weinberger B, Welzl K, Herndler-Brandstetter D, Parson W, Grubeck-Loebenstein B Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

NF-kappaB-mediated repression of iNOS expression in Leishmania amazonensis macrophage infection.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe the effect of Leishmania amazonensis infection on NF-kappaB transcriptional factor activation in macrophages and the subsequent reduction in iNOS expression. L. amazonensis promastigote infection activates the p50/p50 NF-kappaB complex, a classic transcriptional repressor. Interestingly, L. amazonensis promotes the change of the classical p65/p50 NF-kappaB dimmer induced by LPS, leading to the p50/p50 NF-kappaB complex activation in macrophages stimulated with LPS. Moreover, this parasite promotes the reduction of p65 total levels in infected macrophages. All these effects contribute to the observation that thi...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 23, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Silva TC, Pereira RM, Melo LD, Saraiva EM, Soares DC, Bellio M, Lopes UG Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Rotavirus Strategies to evade host antiviral innate immunity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Virus infection initiates the host antiviral innate immune response. Paradoxically, viruses can adopt several strategies to evade or subvert host innate immunity to ensure their survival. This mechanism is a significant consideration in the development of an attenuated vaccine and in the basic research of host-virus interaction. Rotavirus is the main cause of gastroenteritis in infants, and leads to approximately 500,000 deaths annually, mainly in developing countries. The strategies that the rotavirus adopts to evade host antiviral innate immunity are summarized in this review. PMID: 19712697 [PubMed - as supplied...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 23, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Liu K, Yang X, Wu Y, Li J Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

An approach for understanding the inflammation and cancer relationship.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is well known that persistent inflammatory conditions can induce the cancer formation. In fact, cytokines and chemokines play a crucial role in the promoting of angiogenesis, metastasis, and subversion of adaptive immunity. These proteins are involved in cancer-related inflammation and can represent a target for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies useful to clinical studies. PMID: 19699235 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - August 18, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Costantini S, Capone F, Guerriero E, Castello G Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Induction of complement-mediated lysis of HIV-1 by a combination of HIV-specific and HLA allotype-specific antibodies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
HLA-specific antibodies generated by allo-immunization are supposed to be involved in the control of HIV infections by both the neutralizing capacity of HLA-specific Abs and HLA-specific Ab-dependent complement-mediated lysis (CML). We further characterized CML of HIV primary isolates induced by HLA-specific Abs. Although HIV-specific and HLA allo-type specific Abs induced only weak CML of HIV primary isolates, several combinations of HLA allo-type specific Abs with HIV-specific Abs could enhance CML significantly. Nevertheless, certain HLA-specific Abs did not improve but even inhibit CML of HIV, although the correspo...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 17, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hildgartner A, Wilflingseder D, Gassner C, Dierich MP, Stoiber H, Bánki Z Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

In vivo detection of lamellocytes in Drosophila melanogaster.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19695290 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - August 16, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Honti V, Kurucz E, Csordás G, Laurinyecz B, Márkus R, Andó I Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

PKCtheta and Itk functionally interact during primary mouse CD3(+) T cell activation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PKCtheta serine/threonine and Itk tyrosine protein kinases have been implicated in T lymphocyte signal transmission. We observed a PKCtheta/Itk complex after T cell activation, raising the possibility that PKCtheta and Itk might interact functionally during T cell development and response. To address this question PKCtheta/Itk double knockout mice were generated and T cell activation responses were compared to single deficiencies as well as to wild type controls. Consistent with previous reports, Itk and PKCtheta are required in modulating CD3(+) T cell cytokine secretion responses ex vivo. Itk- and PKCtheta-deficient ...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 10, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Thuille N, Lutz-Nicoladoni C, Letschka T, Hermann-Kleiter N, Heit I, Baier G Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

An in vivo model of priming of antigen-specific human CTL by Mo-DC in NOD/Shi-scid IL2rgamma(null) (NOG) mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In vivo assay to evaluate anti-cancer immunotherapy at the pre-clinical phase is eagerly needed. We currently established xenotransplantation-based method to analyze in vivo priming of cancer antigen-specific human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). We transplanted human peripheral T cells and analyzed priming of CTLs in NOG mice. Half of the mice engrafted with bulk lymphocytes including CD4(+) T cells died before analysis probably due to xeno-reactive graft versus host disease. All of the mice engrafted with purified CD8(+) T cells survived until the analysis, and successful engraftment was observed in 80% of recipient ...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 10, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Inoue M, Senju S, Hirata S, Irie A, Baba H, Nishimura Y Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Review Modulation of inflammation through IL-17 production by gammadelta T cells: mandatory in the mouse, dispensable in humans?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Recent studies suggest that gammadelta T cells are innate IL-17 producers owing to unique features of their developmental program. A key contribution of this subset to T helper 17 responses has been also suggested by numerous physiopathological studies mainly performed in mouse models. In the present review, we will summarize the main features of IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells and highlight the similarities and differences between murine gammadelta T cells and their human counterparts. PMID: 19682496 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - August 10, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Deknuydt F, Scotet E, Bonneville M Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Altered apoptosis of inflammatory neutrophils in mmp-9-deficient mice is due to lower expression and activity of caspase-3.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ALTERED APOPTOSIS OF INFLAMMATORY NEUTROPHILS IN MMP-9-DEFICIENT MICE IS DUE TO LOWER EXPRESSION AND ACTIVITY OF CASPASE-3. Immunol Lett. 2009 Aug 11; Authors: Kolaczkowska E, Koziol A, Plytycz B, Arnold B, Opdenakker G Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is a Zn(2+)-dependent endopeptidase that degrades some of the components of basement membranes and extracellular matrix and thus participates in leukocyte infiltration during inflammation. In a model of zymosan peritonitis, neutrophil infiltration in MMP-deficient (MMP-9(-/-)) mice was significantly weaker at the time of their maximal influx in wild-type mice (...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 10, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kolaczkowska E, Koziol A, Plytycz B, Arnold B, Opdenakker G Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

A promising new approach of VEGFR2-based DNA vaccine for tumor immunotherapy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Our results manifested that VEGFR2-based DNA chimeric vaccine could be developed as a promising approach for tumor immunotherapy. PMID: 19665480 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - August 5, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yan J, Jia R, Liu Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Song H, Yu J Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Immunological and cytotoxicological characterization of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) conjugated to single-walled carbon nanotubes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tuberculosis (TB) represents one of the leading killers among all infectious disease. Protection against TB depends on the activation of T-helper type I (Th1) immune response. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted considerable attention because of their potential applications as new nanovehicle. In the current study, tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) was conjugated to carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). Cytotoxicity of the carboxylated SWCNT and SWCNT-PPD conjugate was analyzed with MTT assay and by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) generation. Male BALB/c mice were immuni...
Source: Immunology Letters - August 3, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zeinali M, Jammalan M, Ardestani SK, Mosaveri N Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

A novel pseudovirus encoding Diphtheriatoxin A fragment eliminates autoantibody-producing B cells and inhibits lupus in the BWF1 mouse model.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we reported a novel pseudovirus, which consisted of the peptide DWEYSVWLSN and a plasmid encoding the Diphtheriatoxin A fragment (DTA). Our data demonstrated that vaccination of lupus-prone (BWF1) mice with the pseudovirus could eliminate anti-dsDNA antibody-producing B cells, reduce serum anti-dsDNA antibody levels, impede the development of proteinuria and improve survival. These findings suggested that this novel pseudovirus ablated autoreactive B cells and might represent a promising therapeutic strategy for autoantibody-mediated diseases. PMID: 19660498 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunology Letters)
Source: Immunology Letters - August 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tan H, Zhou K, Yang X, Cui S, Yang Z Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells are more potent suppressors of dendritic cells differentiation compared to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are engaged in the regulation of the immune response parallel to their numerous functions. The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human adipose tissue or human bone marrow on the expression of specific cell surface markers as well as the secretion of some cytokines by monocyte derived dendritic cells. The set of methods used includes cell cultures, magnetic beads isolation of cells, flow cytometry, ELISA and proteome profiler kit assays. The results obtained show that MSCs isolated from human adipos...
Source: Immunology Letters - July 28, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ivanova-Todorova E, Bochev I, Mourdjeva M, Dimitrov R, Bukarev D, Kyurkchiev S, Tivchev P, Altunkova I, Kyurkchiev D Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals

Expression of Th2-skewed pathology mediators in monocyte-derived type 2 of dendritic cells (DC2).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The information conveyed from dendritic cells (DCs) to naïve CD4(+) T cells has crucial influence on their differentiation toward effector T cells. In an effort to identify DC-derived molecules directly contributing to T cell differentiation, we searched for molecules distinctively expressed between two DC subtypes, which were differentiated from peripheral monocytes by cultivation with GM-CSF (for DC1) or IL-3 (for DC2) in the presence of IL-4 and had the ability to induce naïve T cells to differentiate into Th1 or Th2 cells, respectively. As the first step to address this issue, we subtracted DC1 transcript...
Source: Immunology Letters - July 26, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hata M, Takahara S, Tsuzaki H, Ishii Y, Nakata K, Akagawa KS, Satoh K Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: journals