Exosomes From Human Umbilical Cord Stem Cells Suppress Macrophage-to-myofibroblast Transition, Alleviating Renal Fibrosis
This study investigates their potential to lessen renal fibrosis by targeting macrophage-to-myofibroblast transformation (MMT), a key driver of fibrosis. We employed a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and cultured cells exposed to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) to mimic MMT. HucMSC-Exos were administered to UUO mice, and their effects on kidney function and fibrosis were assessed. Additionally, RNA sequencing and cellul ar analysis were performed to elucidate the mechanisms by which HucMSC-Exos inhibit MMT. HucMSC-Exos treatment significantly reduced kidney damage and fibrosis in UUO mice. Th...
Source: Inflammation - April 25, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Sinapic Acid Mitigates Pentylenetetrazol-induced Acute Seizures By Modulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Regulating Calcium/calcineurin Signaling: In Vivo and In Silico Approaches
AbstractSinapic acid (SA) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid found in citrus fruits and cereals. Recent studies have shown that SA has potential anti-seizure properties due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects. The present study investigated the neuroprotective role of SA at two different dosages in a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced acute seizure model. Mice were divided into six groups: normal control, PTZ, SA (20 mg/kg), SA (20 mg/kg) + PTZ, SA (40 mg/kg), and SA (40 mg/kg) + PTZ. SA was orally administered for 21 days, followed by a convulsive dose of intraperitoneal PTZ ...
Source: Inflammation - April 25, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Melatonin Attenuates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Inflammation and Restores the Th17/Treg Immune Balance
AbstractPsoriasis is a common immune-mediated skin disease characterized by abnormally reactive inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia. Previous studies have shown melatonin (MLT) has powerful anti-inflammatory effects. The mechanisms that MLT regulates psoriasis-associated skin inflammation remain unclear. Here, in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice, MLT supplementation reduced skin inflammation and corrected the Th17/Treg cell imbalance. Network pharmacology and proteome sequencing analyses revealed that MLT attenuates the inflammatory response in the skin of psoriatic mice by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway...
Source: Inflammation - April 24, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Investigation of Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorder in the Aging FGF21 Knockout Mouse
In this study, we engineered aging FGF21 knockout mice of 36 –40 weeks and observed that FGF21 deficiency manifests a spontaneous inflammatory response of lung and abnormal accumulation of lipids in liver. On one hand, inflamed state in lungs and increased circulating inflammatory cytokines were found in FGF21 knockout mice of 36–40 weeks. To evaluate t he ability of FGF21 to suppress inflammation, a subsequent study found that FGF21 knockout aggravated LPS-induced pulmonary exudation and inflammatory infiltration in mice, while exogenous administration of FGF21 reversed these malignant phenotypes by enhancing microv...
Source: Inflammation - April 24, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Exploring Pyroptosis-related Signature Genes and Potential Drugs in Ulcerative Colitis by Transcriptome Data and Animal Experimental Validation
This study might enhance our comprehension on the pathogenic mechanism and diagnosis of UC and offer a treatment option for UC. (Source: Inflammation)
Source: Inflammation - April 24, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
TRIM38 Induced in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-infected Cells Downregulates Type I Interferon Expression by Competing with TRIM25 to Bind RIG-I
AbstractInnate immune response is the first line of defense for the host against virus invasion. One important response is the synthesis and secretion of type I interferon (IFN-I) in the virus-infected host cells. Here, we found that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection induced high expression of TRIM25, which belongs to the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family of proteins. TRIM25 bound and activated retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) by K63-linked ubiquitination. Accordingly, RIG-I mediated the production of IFN-I mainly through the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway in respiratory epithelial cells...
Source: Inflammation - April 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
ROS-Induced Gingival Fibroblast Senescence: Implications in Exacerbating Inflammatory Responses in Periodontal Disease
This study aimed to investigate the role and the mechanism of cellular senescence in periodontal disease. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we first found the upregulated level of cellular senescence in fibroblasts and endothelial cells from inflamed gingival tissue. Subsequently, human gingival fibroblasts isolated from healthy and inflamed gingival tissues were labeled as H-GFs and I-GFs, respectively. Compared to H-GFs, I-GFs exhibited a distinct cellular senescence phenotype, including an increased proportion of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) positive cells, enlarged cell morphology, and significant...
Source: Inflammation - April 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The Role of Immunocyte Infiltration Regulatory Network Based on hdWGCNA and Single-Cell Bioinformatics Analysis in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
In this study, we explored the immune microenvironment of IDD through single-cell bioinformatics analysis. Three single-cell datasets were integrated into this study. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were divided into subgroups based on characteristic genes, and the role of each subgroup in the IDD process was analyzed through pseudo-time trajectory analysis. The hub genes were obtained using hdWGCNA, further identified by bulk datasets and pseudo-time sequence. The expression of the hub genes defined the NPCs related to immune infiltration, and the interaction between these NPCs and immunocytes was explored. The NPCs were di...
Source: Inflammation - April 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
TRIM38 Induced in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-infected Cells Downregulates Type I Interferon Expression by Competing with TRIM25 to Bind RIG-I
AbstractInnate immune response is the first line of defense for the host against virus invasion. One important response is the synthesis and secretion of type I interferon (IFN-I) in the virus-infected host cells. Here, we found that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection induced high expression of TRIM25, which belongs to the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family of proteins. TRIM25 bound and activated retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) by K63-linked ubiquitination. Accordingly, RIG-I mediated the production of IFN-I mainly through the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway in respiratory epithelial cells...
Source: Inflammation - April 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
ROS-Induced Gingival Fibroblast Senescence: Implications in Exacerbating Inflammatory Responses in Periodontal Disease
This study aimed to investigate the role and the mechanism of cellular senescence in periodontal disease. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we first found the upregulated level of cellular senescence in fibroblasts and endothelial cells from inflamed gingival tissue. Subsequently, human gingival fibroblasts isolated from healthy and inflamed gingival tissues were labeled as H-GFs and I-GFs, respectively. Compared to H-GFs, I-GFs exhibited a distinct cellular senescence phenotype, including an increased proportion of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) positive cells, enlarged cell morphology, and significant...
Source: Inflammation - April 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The Role of Immunocyte Infiltration Regulatory Network Based on hdWGCNA and Single-Cell Bioinformatics Analysis in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
In this study, we explored the immune microenvironment of IDD through single-cell bioinformatics analysis. Three single-cell datasets were integrated into this study. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were divided into subgroups based on characteristic genes, and the role of each subgroup in the IDD process was analyzed through pseudo-time trajectory analysis. The hub genes were obtained using hdWGCNA, further identified by bulk datasets and pseudo-time sequence. The expression of the hub genes defined the NPCs related to immune infiltration, and the interaction between these NPCs and immunocytes was explored. The NPCs were di...
Source: Inflammation - April 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Microglial Polarization via Inhibition of the HMGB1/TLR4 Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Retinopathy
AbstractDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is recognized as the most prevalent retinal degenerative disorder. Inflammatory response usually precedes microvascular alteration and is the primary factor of diabetic retinopathy. Activated microglia express many pro-inflammatory cytokines that exacerbate retina inflammation and disruption. In the present study, we found that MSCs alleviated blood –retina barrier (BRB) breakdown in diabetic rats, as evidenced by reduced retinal edema, decreased vascular leakage, and increased occludin expression. The MSC-treated retinal microglia exhibited reduced expression of M1-phenotype markers in ...
Source: Inflammation - April 16, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Succinic Acid Ameliorates Concanavalin A-Induced Hepatitis by Altering the Inflammatory Microenvironment and Expression of BCL-2 Family Proteins
This study provides novel insights into the biological functions and therapeutic potential of succinic acid in the treatment of autoimmune liver injury. (Source: Inflammation)
Source: Inflammation - April 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
