The Hepatic Nerves Regulated Inflammatory Effect in the Process of Liver Injury: Is Nerve the Key Treating Target for Liver Inflammation?
AbstractLiver injury is a common pathological basis for various liver diseases. Chronic liver injury is often an important initiating factor in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, hepatitis A and E infections are the most common causes of acute liver injury worldwide, whereas drug toxicity (paracetamol overdose) in the USA and part of Western Europe. In recent years, chronic liver injury has become a common disease that harms human health. Meanwhile, the main causes of chronic liver injury are viral hepatitis (B, C) and long-term alcohol consumption worldwide. During the process of liv...
Source: Inflammation - October 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Lymphocyte-Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase Contributes to Spontaneous Regression of Liver Fibrosis may by Interacting with Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1
AbstractQuiescent hepatic stellate cells (qHSCs), converted to myofibroblasts, produce fibrous scars, which is an essential event during liver fibrogenesis. Clinical and experimental fibrosis undergo remarkable regression when the underlying etiological agent is removed. Some myofibroblasts revert to an inactive phenotype (iHSCs) during the regression of fibrosis. However, the mechanisms underlying HSC activation and reversal remain unclear. The present study demonstrated that the expression of lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) was increased in fibrotic livers but decreased after spontaneous recoveryin vivo...
Source: Inflammation - October 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Ivermectin Protects Against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice by Modulating the Th17/Treg Balance Involved in the IL-2/STAT5 Pathway
Abstract—Multiple sclerosis (MS), a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), is characterized by white matter demyelination, axon destruction, and oligodendrocyte degeneration. Ivermectin, an anti-parasitic drug, has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antiviral properties. However, to date, there are no in-depth studies on the effect of ivermectin on the function effector of T cells in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. Here, we conductedin vitro experiments and found that ivermectin inhibited the proliferation of total T cells (CD3+) an...
Source: Inflammation - October 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Antiphagocytic Properties of Polygallic Acid with Implications in Gouty Inflammation
Abstract—Polygallic acid (PGAL) has been usedin vitro to protect synoviocytes from monosodium urate (MSU) crystals due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, MSU crystals can also activate other cells of the synovial fluid (SF). We studied the impact of PGAL on the phagocytosis of MSU crystals, inflammation, and oxidative stress using anin vitro model with SF leukocytes and THP-1 monocyte cells. SF leukocytes were stimulated with PGAL and MSU crystals, proinflammatory cytokines and phagocytosis were assessed. In THP-1 cells, the effect of PGAL on the phagocytosis of MSU crystals and the levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, TN...
Source: Inflammation - October 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Inflammatory Exosome Release in Podocytes by Acid Sphingomyelinase During Obesity
Abstract—The activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been reported to importantly contribute to glomerular inflammation and injury under different pathological conditions such as obesity. However, the mechanism mediating NLRP3 inflammasome activation in podocytes and subsequent glomerular injury remains poorly understood. Given that the ceramide signaling pathway has been reported to be implicated in obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG), the present study was designed to test whether the ceramide-producing enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)...
Source: Inflammation - October 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Matrine Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis and Apoptosis
AbstractMatrine is a Sophora alkaloid that exerts antitumor effects on a variety of diseases, but few studies have investigated the role of matrine in sepsis-induced myocardial injury. In the present study, we investigated the effects of matrine on septic myocardial injury and the potential mechanisms. Network pharmacology approaches were used to predict the targets of matrine in the treatment of sepsis-induced myocardial injury. A mouse sepsis-induced myocardial injury model was established to determine the effect of matrine. Mouse cardiac function was evaluated by ultrasonography, and cardiac morphology and cardiomyocyte...
Source: Inflammation - October 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The Increased TIGIT-Expressing CD3+CD56+ Cells Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease and Its Inflammatory Environment
Abstract
We aimed to examine the correlation of T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT)-expressing CD3 + CD56 + cells (TNKS) with coronary artery disease (CAD), atherosclerotic lesion progression, and inflammatory environment. A total of 199 subjects, including 98 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 52 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), and 49 control subjects, were recr uited in the study. The TIGIT-expressing TNKS were quantified by flow cytometric analysis; the severity of coronary artery lesions was evaluated by the Gensini score. Whole blood cells were stimulated with interleukin...
Source: Inflammation - October 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The Hepatic Nerves Regulated Inflammatory Effect in the Process of Liver Injury: Is Nerve the Key Treating Target for Liver Inflammation?
AbstractLiver injury is a common pathological basis for various liver diseases. Chronic liver injury is often an important initiating factor in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, hepatitis A and E infections are the most common causes of acute liver injury worldwide, whereas drug toxicity (paracetamol overdose) in the USA and part of Western Europe. In recent years, chronic liver injury has become a common disease that harms human health. Meanwhile, the main causes of chronic liver injury are viral hepatitis (B, C) and long-term alcohol consumption worldwide. During the process of liv...
Source: Inflammation - October 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals the Expression of Immune-Related Genes in Macrophages of Diabetic Kidney Disease
This study aims to identify immune-related genes (IRGs) in macrophage and explore their potential as therapeutic targets. This study analyzed isolated glomerular cells from three diabetic mice and three control mice. A total of 59 glomeruli from normal kidney samples and 66 from DKD samples were acquired from four kidney transcriptomic profiling datasets. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted using both single-cell RNA (scRNA) and bulk RNA sequencing data to investigate inflammatory responses in DKD. Additionally, the “AUCell” function was used to investigate statistically different gene sets. The significance of each ...
Source: Inflammation - September 30, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
PD-L1 Blockade Improves Survival in Sepsis by Reversing Monocyte Dysfunction and Immune Disorder
In this study, 52 septic patients, 28 septic shock patients, and 40 healthy controls were enrolled and their peripheral whole blood was examined by flow cytometry. Then, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were performed for establishing the mouse sepsis model. Subsequently, effects of anti-PD-L1 antibody on monocyte subset, major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) expression, cytokine production, and survival were investigated. PD-L1 expression on the classical monocytes (CD14 + + CD16 −) was significantly upregulated among septic shock patients and the 28-day death group than non-septic shock group and 28-da...
Source: Inflammation - September 30, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals the Expression of Immune-Related Genes in Macrophages of Diabetic Kidney Disease
This study aims to identify immune-related genes (IRGs) in macrophage and explore their potential as therapeutic targets. This study analyzed isolated glomerular cells from three diabetic mice and three control mice. A total of 59 glomeruli from normal kidney samples and 66 from DKD samples were acquired from four kidney transcriptomic profiling datasets. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted using both single-cell RNA (scRNA) and bulk RNA sequencing data to investigate inflammatory responses in DKD. Additionally, the “AUCell” function was used to investigate statistically different gene sets. The significance of each ...
Source: Inflammation - September 30, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
PD-L1 Blockade Improves Survival in Sepsis by Reversing Monocyte Dysfunction and Immune Disorder
In this study, 52 septic patients, 28 septic shock patients, and 40 healthy controls were enrolled and their peripheral whole blood was examined by flow cytometry. Then, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were performed for establishing the mouse sepsis model. Subsequently, effects of anti-PD-L1 antibody on monocyte subset, major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) expression, cytokine production, and survival were investigated. PD-L1 expression on the classical monocytes (CD14 + + CD16 −) was significantly upregulated among septic shock patients and the 28-day death group than non-septic shock group and 28-da...
Source: Inflammation - September 30, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Anti-Necroptotic Effects of Itaconate and its Derivatives
In this study, we aimed to explore whether itaconate and its derivatives can inhibit necroptosis in murine macrophages, a mouse MPC-5 cell line and a human HT-29 cell line in response to different necroptotic activators. Our results showed that itaconate and its derivatives dose-dependently inhibited necroptosis, among which dimethyl itaconate (DMI) was the most effective one. Mechanistically, itaconate and its derivatives inhibited necroptosis by suppressing the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling and the oligomerization of MLKL. Furthermore, DMI promoted the nucle ar translocation of Nrf2 that is a critical regulator of intracell...
Source: Inflammation - September 27, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
MDA5 Enhances Invasive Candida albicans Infection by Regulating Macrophage Apoptosis and Phagocytosis/Killing Functions
AbstractCandida albicans is a common opportunistic pathogenic fungus. The innate immune system provides the first-line host defense against fungal infection. Innate immune receptors and downstream molecules have been shown to play various roles during fungal infection. The innate immune receptor MDA5, encoded by the geneIfih1, enhances host resistance against viral andAspergillus fumigatus infection by inducing the production of interferons (IFNs). However, the role of MDA5 inC. albicans infection is still unclear. Here, we found that the gene expression levels ofIFIH1 were significantly increased in innate immune cells af...
Source: Inflammation - September 23, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
