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The path to Crohn's disease: Is mucosal pathology a secondary event?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Current models of Crohn's disease (CD) invoke an initial disturbance of the epithelial interface between the gut mucosa and intestinal microbiota. This "outside-in" paradigm, mirroring the pathophysiology of acute gastroenteritis, suggests that mucosal damage by luminal bacteria is an early, initiating factor in the etiopathogenesis of disease. However, a number of features of CD argue against a primary mucosal process, including phenotypic studies of CD patients that point to a macrophage defect and genetic studies that predict impaired innate immunity to intracellular bacteria. Intracellular pathogens, such as Listeria, ...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 19, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Marcel A. Behr Source Type: journals

Lipopolysaccharide exposure is linked to activation of the acute phase response and growth failure in pediatric Crohn's disease and murine colitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Systemic exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been linked to clinical disease activity in adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We hypothesized that markers of LPS exposure and the acute phase response (APR) would be increased in pediatric IBD patients with growth failure, and that LPS signaling would be required for induction of the APR in murine colitis.Serum markers of LPS exposure, endotoxin core IgA antibody (EndoCAb), and the APR, LPS binding protein (LBP) were quantified in pediatric IBD patients and controls. LBP and cytokine production were determined after administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic ac...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 18, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Brad A. Pasternak, Sharon D'Mello, Ingrid I. Jurickova, Xiaonan Han, Tara Willson, Leah Flick, Lisa Petiniot, Naonori Uozumi, Senad Divanovic, Anna Traurnicht, Erin Bonkowski, Subra Kugathasan, Christopher L. Karp, Lee A. Denson Source Type: journals

Impact of prior irregular infliximab dosing on performance of long-term infliximab maintenance therapy in Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined differences in need for medical and surgical hospitalizations as well as associated healthcare costs between the 2 groups.In all, 104 CD patients met criteria for 3-year maintenance infliximab treatment (SM n = 64; PI n = 40). The rates of CD-related surgeries (60.9% and 55.0%, P = not significant [N.S.]) and medical hospitalizations (35.9% and 37.5%, P = N.S.) prior to infliximab initiation was similar between the 2 groups. However, the rate of medical (26.5% versus 47.5%, P = 0.035) and surgical hospitalizations (21.8% versus 48.7%, P = 0.009) were significantly lower in the SM compared to the PI group. Durin...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 18, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Daniel J. Stein, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Mazen Issa, John B. Williams, Dawn B. Beaulieu, Yelena Zadvornova, Anita Ward, Kathryn Johnson, Josh F. Knox, Sue Skaros, David G. Binion Source Type: journals

Methotrexate for maintenance of remission in chronic active Crohn's disease: Long-term single-center experience and meta-analysis of observational studiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
According to current guidelines methotrexate (MTX) should be considered as a second-line immunomodulator in patients with chronic active Crohn's disease (CD) if purine analogs are not tolerated or there is a lack of efficacy. However, its therapeutic role remains controversial to the present day.Medical records of all eligible patients treated in the outpatient clinic of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital between December 2000 and January 2009 were reviewed.Sixty-three patients were identified. The mean duration of treatment was 100 weeks (range, 2-364 weeks) with a mean cumulative dose of MTX of 2130 mg (range...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 18, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Johannes Hausmann, Kai Zabel, Eva Herrmann, Oliver Schröder Source Type: journals

Targeting TGF-[beta]1 by employing a vaccine ameliorates fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic colitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Intestinal fibrosis and stricture formation are major complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), for which there are currently few effective treatments. We sought to investigate whether targeting transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-[beta]1), a key profibrotic mediator, with a peptide-based virus-like particle vaccine would be effective in suppressing intestinal fibrosis by using a mouse model of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced chronic colitis.The vaccine was prepared by inserting a peptide derived from mouse TGF-[beta]1 into a carrier hepatitis B core antigen using gene recombination methods. C...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 18, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Yanbing Ma, Qingdong Guan, Aiping Bai, Carolyn R. Weiss, China-Li Hillman, Allan Ma, Gang Zhou, Gefei Qing, Zhikang Peng Source Type: journals

Magnetic resonance follow-through imaging for evaluation of disease activity in ileal Crohn's disease: An observational, retrospective cohort studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Magnetic resonance follow-through (MRFT) is a new cross-sectional imaging modality with the potential to accurately stage ileal Crohn's disease (CD), while avoiding ionizing radiation and the discomfort associated with enteroclysis. We aimed to assess the reliability of this technique in assessing the extent and activity of ileal CD, and to assess its influence on subsequent management.Out of a total of 342 patients undergoing MRFT between 2004 and 2008, 221 were performed in 191 patients with confirmed CD. Case notes were reviewed in detail with documentation of all investigations pre- and post-MRFT. Agreement between inf...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 18, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: C.A. Parisinos, V.E.D. McIntyre, T. Heron, D. Subedi, I.D.R. Arnott, C. Mowat, D.C. Wilson, S. McGurk, S. Glancy, I.A. Zealley, J. Satsangi, C.W. Lees Source Type: journals

Subepithelial dendritic B cells in orofacial granulomatosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe large, active, dendritic B cells in oral mucosa that were not associated with any organized lymphoid tissues in the local subepithelial microenvironment. They express activation induced cytidine deaminase, which is essential for immunoglobulin gene diversification by somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination. IgE is also expressed by these B cells. They do not align with any other previously described B-cell subset in secondary lymphoid tissues in terms of morphology, proliferative activity, or phenotype.These subepithelial dendritic B cells may contribute to the immune responsiveness of the oral muc...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 18, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Pritash Patel, Francesca Barone, Carlo Nunes, Laurent Boursier, Edward Odell, Michael Escudier, Stephen Challacombe, Jonathan Brostoff, Jo Spencer, Jeremy Sanderson Source Type: journals

Ulcerative colitis in northern Portugal and Galicia in SpainEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clinical and therapeutic patterns of ulcerative colitis (UC) are variable in different world regions. The purpose of this study was to examine two close independent southern European UC populations from 2 bordering countries and observe how demographic and clinical characteristics of patients can influence the severity of UC.A cross-sectional study was conducted during a 15-month period (September 2005 to December 2006) based on data of 2 Web registries of UC patients. Patients were stratified according to the Montreal Classification and disease severity was defined by the type of treatment taken.A total of 1549 UC patient...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 18, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta, Fernando Magro, Daniel Carpio, Paula Lago, Ana Echarri, José Cotter, Santos Pereira, Raquel Gonçalves, Aurelio Lorenzo, Laura Carvalho, Javier Castro, Luisa Barros, Jorge Amil Dias, Susana Rodrigues, Francisco Portela, Camila Source Type: journals

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the oral interleukin-12/23 inhibitor apilimod mesylate for treatment of active Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-23 (IL-23) are inflammatory cytokines linked to the Th-1 and Th-17 phenotypes associated with Crohn's disease (CD). We investigated the activity and safety of apilimod mesylate (formerly STA-5326), an oral IL-12 and IL-23 inhibitor, in patients with active CD.We performed a multicenter, Phase 2, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of apilimod mesylate in treating 220 adult patients with moderate-to-severe CD (Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CDAI] score 220-450). Patients were stratified according to C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and corticos...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 17, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bruce E. Sands, Eric W. Jacobson, Thomas Sylwestrowicz, Ziad Younes, Gerald Dryden, Richard Fedorak, Susan Greenbloom Source Type: journals

Validation of the Spanish version of a questionnaire to measure quality of care through the eyes of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (QUOTE-IBD)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective was to translate the QUOTE-IBD into Spanish and to determine its validity in patients with IBD.This is a prospective study in 2 phases: first, translation and validation of the Spanish QUOTE-IBD. Translation was based on the validated QUOTE-IBD. Second, once the complete translation was finished, comprehension of the items was assessed with a specific questionnaire in a reduced number of patients. Criterion validity was assessed with the Pearson's correlation coefficient between scores of the QUOTE-IBD and visual analog scales (VAS). In order to analyze the reproducibility of the Spanish QUOTE-IBD, the questi...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 16, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Miquel Masachs, Francesc Casellas, Natalia Borruel, Antonio Torrejón, Isabel Castells, Juan Ramón Malagelada Source Type: journals

Single-port access laparoscopic surgery for complex Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 10, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Anna Heeney, Donal B. O'Connor, Sean Martin, Desmond C. Winter Source Type: journals

Fine-scale geographic variations of inflammatory bowel disease in France: Correlation with socioeconomic and house equipment variablesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a previous study we found a north-south gradient for Crohn's disease (CD) incidence in France. The aim of the present study was to determine if socioeconomic factors may influence the geographic distribution of CD and ulcerative colitis (UC) in France.Using the national health insurance databases, incidence rates of CD and UC were estimated for each of 341 metropolitan "job areas" in 2000-2002. Relationships between incidence rates and relevant contextual variables from the 1999 French census were tested for significance using a Poisson regression. Mapping of smoothed relative risks (sRR) for CD and UC at the scale of j...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 9, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Virginie Nerich, Elisabeth Monnet, Alain Weill, Nathalie Vallier, Vincent Vanbockstael, Guy-Robert Auleley, Corine Balaire, Patrick Dubost, Stéphane Rican, Hubert Allemand, Franck Carbonnel Source Type: journals

Angiopoietin-2 in experimental colitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes leukocyte infiltration, blood and lymphatic remodeling, weight loss and protein enteropathy. The roles of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in initiating gut inflammation, leukocyte infiltration and angiogenesis are not well understood.Disease activity index, histopathological scoring, myeloperoxidase assay, immunohistochemistry and sodium dodecyl sulphate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic methods were employed in the present study to addess the roles of Ang-2 in experimental colitis.Several important differences were seen in the development of experimental IBD in Ang...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 9, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Vijay C. Ganta, Walter Cromer, Ginny L. Mills, James Traylor, Merilyn Jennings, Sarah Daley, Benjamin Clark, J. Michael Mathis, Michael Bernas, Moheb Boktor, Paul Jordan, Marlys Witte, J. Steven Alexander Source Type: journals

TLR9 mRNA expression is upregulated in patients with active ulcerative colitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 9, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz, Gabriela C. Fonseca-Camarillo, Marco A. Villeda-Ramirez, Rafael Barreto-Zuniga, Rafael Bojalil, Aarón Domínguez-Lopez, Misael Uribe, Jesus K. Yamamoto-Furusho Source Type: journals

Outcome of medical treatment of stricturing and penetrating Crohn's disease: A retrospective studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a high rate of IASC, especially in patients with penetrating disease and those treated with biologic therapy. This should be considered prior to attempted medical therapy. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009) (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 9, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Roxana Samimi, Mark H. Flasar, Stephen Kavic, Kathleen Tracy, Raymond K. Cross Source Type: journals

Exogenous alkaline phosphatase for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Increased activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (AP) occurs locally in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), aimed at repairing inflammatory tissue damage. We evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of exogenous AP administered to patients with UC in an open-label, first-in-patient exploratory trial, conducted in the Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology hospital departments in the Czech Republic and Italy.Twenty-one patients were enrolled (13 females), age 23-54 years, with steroid- and/or immunosuppressant-refractory, moderate/severe UC (Mayo score 6-11). Oral AP enzyme 30,000 U was administered daily for 7...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 3, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Milan Lukas, Pavel Drastich, Michal Konecny, Paolo Gionchetti, Ondrej Urban, Franco Cantoni, Martin Bortlik, Dana Duricova, Michael Bulitta Source Type: journals

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C and risk factors for nonvaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients in Northeast FranceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Data regarding the prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are conflicting.In all, 315 IBD (252 Crohn's disease [CD] and 63 ulcerative colitis [UC]) patients were consecutively recruited between June 2005 and May 2009.The median age was 33 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 24-43) and median disease duration was 5 years (IQR: 2-11). Present and/or past HBV and HCV infection was found in 2.86% of 315 patients (CD: HBsAg 0.79%, anti-HBc 2.78%, anti-HCV 0.79%; UC: HBsAg 1.59%, anti-HBc 1.59%, anti-HCV 1.59%). Effective vaccination (anti-HBs without anti-HBc) was presen...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 2, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jean-Baptiste Chevaux, Abdelbasset Nani, Abderrahim Oussalah, Véronique Venard, Mouni Bensenane, Arthur Belle, Jean-Louis Gueant, Marc-André Bigard, Jean-Pierre Bronowicki, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet Source Type: journals

Diagnostic value of noninvasive combined fluorine-18 labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography enterography in active Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined if this imaging modality using fluorine-18 labeled-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) could more effectively identify disease activity.52 lPET-CTe scans were analyzed in this retrospective study. CTe scores and FDG uptake were quantified. Correlations of CTe scores and standard uptake value (SUV) with C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (sIBDq), and Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI) were estimated using Pearson analysis. Imaging scores were compared to medical outcome by logistics regression model.CTe scores correlated with SUV, but additional abn...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 2, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Anis Ahmadi, Qin Li, Keith Muller, Dennis Collins, John F. Valentine, Walter Drane, Steven Polyak Source Type: journals

Safety of immunomodulators and biologics for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy and breast-feedingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this article is to critically review available data regarding the safety of immunomodulators and biological therapies during pregnancy and breast-feeding in women with inflammatory bowel disease. Methotrexate and thalidomide can cause congenital anomalies and are contraindicated during pregnancy (and breast-feeding). Although thiopurines have a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rating D, available data suggest that these drugs are safe and well tolerated during pregnancy. Although traditionally women receiving azathioprine or mercaptopurine have been discouraged from breast-feeding because of theoretical potent...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 2, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Javier P. Gisbert Source Type: journals

Campylobacter concisus and other Campylobacter species in children with newly diagnosed Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Campylobacter concisus and other members of the Campylobacter genus have recently been suggested as possible etiological agents of Crohn's disease (CD). To further investigate this issue we determined the prevalence of these organisms in pediatric patients newly diagnosed with CD.DNA was extracted from fecal specimens collected from 54 children with CD, 27 noninflammatory bowel disease (non-IBD), and 33 healthy controls and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing.Detection of C. concisus DNA using a newly developed PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene of C. concisus showed that 65% (35/54) of fecal samples...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 2, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Si Ming Man, Li Zhang, Andrew S. Day, Steven T. Leach, Daniel A. Lemberg, Hazel Mitchell Source Type: journals

Babesiosis in a patient on infliximab for Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - November 2, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Garret Cullen, Bruce E. Sands, Vijay Yajnik Source Type: journals

Tissue factor -1208D>I polymorphism is associated with D-dimer levels in patients with inflammatory bowel diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 23, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Daniel P. Potaczek, Danuta Owczarek, Dorota Cibor, Chiharu Nishiyama, Ko Okumura, Tomasz Mach, Anetta Undas Source Type: journals

A33 antigen-deficient mice have defective colonic mucosal repairEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study suggests a contribution for A33 antigen in the colonic healing response following mucosal damage. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009) (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 22, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Prue M. Pereira-Fantini, Louise M. Judd, Anastasia Kalantzis, Anthony Peterson, Matthias Ernst, Joan K. Heath, Andrew S. Giraud Source Type: journals

Surgery for low-grade colorectal dysplasia in ulcerative colitis: Decisions, decisionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 22, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Derrick Siao, Fernando S. Velayos Source Type: journals

MDP-NOD2 stimulation induces HNP-1 secretion, which contributes to NOD2 antibacterial functionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP-1) is a defensin with antibacterial activity secreted by various cells as a component of the innate immune host defense. NOD2 is a cytoplasmic protein that recognizes bacterial derived muramyl dipeptide, and is involved in bacterial clearance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between antibacterial activity of NOD2 and HNP-1 expression in epithelial cell lines.Gentamicin protection assay using Salmonella typhimurium was performed in Caco-2 cells. The mRNA level was determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and defensin ...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 22, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jesus K. Yamamoto-Furusho, Nicolas Barnich, Tadakazu Hisamatsu, Daniel K. Podolsky Source Type: journals

Cdcs1 a major colitis susceptibility locus in mice; Subcongenic analysis reveals genetic complexityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cytokine-deficiency-induced colitis susceptibility (Cdcs)1 locus is a major modifier of murine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and was originally identified in experimental crosses of interleukin-10-deficient (Il10-/-) mice. Congenic mice, in which this locus was reciprocally transferred between IBD-susceptible C3H/HeJBir-Il10-/- and resistant C57BL/6J-Il10-/- mice, revealed that this locus likely acts by inducing innate hypo- and adaptive hyperresponsiveness, associated with impaired NF-[kappa]B responses of macrophages. The aim of the present study was to dissect the complexity of Cdcs1 by further development and ch...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 22, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Andre Bleich, Gwen Büchler, Jason Beckwith, Lydia M. Petell, Jason P. Affourtit, Benjamin L. King, Daniel J. Shaffer, Derry C. Roopenian, Hans J. Hedrich, John P. Sundberg, Edward H. Leiter Source Type: journals

Novel model of TH2-polarized chronic ileitis: The SAMP1 mouseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
SAMP1/Yit mice develop spontaneous, segmental, transmural ileitis recapitulating many features of Crohn's disease (CD). The ileitic phenotype may have arisen during crosses of SAMP1 mice selected for the presence of skin lesions. We hereby describe that the original SAMP1 strain similarly develops ileitis. Our aim was to characterize the histopathological and immunological features of this model and assess its responsiveness to standard inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy.The time course of histopathological features of ileitis was assessed. Immune compartments were characterized by flow cytometry. Ileal cytokine prof...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 22, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Eoin N. McNamee, Joshua D. Wermers, Joanne C. Masterson, Colm B. Collins, Matthew D.P. Lebsack, Sophie Fillon, Zachary D. Robinson, Joanna Grenawalt, James J. Lee, Paul Jedlicka, Glenn T. Furuta, Jesçs Rivera-Nieves Source Type: journals

Colocolic intussusception in a patient with ulcerative colitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 19, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Eduardo Coghlan, Angel Nadales, Luis Laferrere, Marcelo Terres, Juan Pablo Perotti Source Type: journals

TL1A produced by lamina propria macrophages induces Th1 and Th17 immune responses in cooperation with IL-23 in patients with Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like protein 1A (TL1A) is a member of the TNF superfamily and contributes to the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) by stimulating T-helper (Th) 1 cells. In addition to Th1, recent studies have focused on the role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of CD. Here we tried to clarify the role of TL1A in Th1 and Th17 immunity in CD.TL1A expression was assessed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in lamina propria (LP) macrophages (LP-M[phis]s) from normal controls (NC) and patients with CD or ulcerative colitis (UC). Purified LP CD4+ T cells were stimulated with ...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 15, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Nobuhiko Kamada, Tadakazu Hisamatsu, Haruki Honda, Taku Kobayashi, Hiroshi Chinen, Tetsuro Takayama, Mina T. Kitazume, Susumu Okamoto, Kazutaka Koganei, Akira Sugita, Takanori Kanai, Toshifumi Hibi Source Type: journals

A further cause of secondary restless legs syndrome: Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Franco Gemignani Source Type: journals

Fecal calprotectin variability in Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bjørn Moum, Jørgen Jahnsen, Tomm Bernklev Source Type: journals

Perianal fistulae in Crohn's Disease: Current and future approaches to treatmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Perianal fistulae are common in Crohn's disease but rarely heal without treatment. The main aim of treatment is to effectively close the fistula without affecting sphincter integrity and continence. Traditional surgical and medical approaches are not without their limitations and may result in either comorbidity, such as fecal incontinence, or incomplete healing of the fistulae. Over the last 2 decades these limitations have led to a paradigm shift toward the use of biomaterials, and more recently cell-based therapies, which have met with variable degrees of success. This review discusses the traditional and current method...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hussila Keshaw, Keen S. Foong, Alastair Forbes, Richard M. Day Source Type: journals

The good, the bad, and the ugly: Adverse events and Crohn's therapiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Derrick Siao, Fernando S. Velayos Source Type: journals

Magnetic resonance imaging for Crohn's disease: Is this really the end of colonoscopy?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet Source Type: journals

Genome-wide gene expression analysis of mucosal colonic biopsies and isolated colonocytes suggests a continuous inflammatory state in the lamina propria of patients with quiescent ulcerative colitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study has demonstrated the presence of a continuous inflammatory state in quiescent UC, which seems to reflect an altered gene expression profile of lamina propria cells. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009 (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jacob Tveiten Bjerrum, Morten Hansen, Jørgen Olsen, Ole Haagen Nielsen Source Type: journals

Inflammatory bowel disease in young people: The case for transitional clinicsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing among adolescents. In all, 25% of patients are diagnosed before the age of 16, when they are traditionally transferred from the pediatric to the adult service.We conducted a retrospective case-controlled study to characterize patients treated in a novel transitional adolescent-young adult IBD clinic. This compared disease extent, radiation exposure, therapeutic strategy, and requirement for surgery in 100 adolescents with controls from our adult IBD clinic matched for disease duration.The median (range) ages for the adolescent and adult population was 19 (16-2...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: J. Goodhand, R. Dawson, M. Hefferon, N. Tshuma, G. Swanson, M. Wahed, N.M. Croft, J.O. Lindsay Source Type: journals

Interleukin-19 protects mice from innate-mediated colonic inflammationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from the chronic dysregulation of the mucosal immune system and the aberrant activation of both the innate and the adaptive immune responses. We used two complementary models of colonic inflammation to examine the roles of interleukin (IL)-19 in colonic inflammation and thus its possible role in IBD.Using gene-targeting, we generated IL-19-deficient mice. To study the activation of the innate immune response during colonic inflammation we characterized an innate immune-mediated model of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). DSS can induce not only acute colitis but also c...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Yasu-Taka Azuma, Yukiko Matsuo, Mitsuru Kuwamura, George D. Yancopoulos, David M. Valenzuela, Andrew J. Murphy, Hidemitsu Nakajima, Margaret Karow, Tadayoshi Takeuchi Source Type: journals

Natural history of Crohn's disease: Comparison between childhood- and adult-onset diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Childhood-onset Crohn's disease (CD) might reflect a more severe form of disease. To test this hypothesis we analyzed the long-term natural history of CD in an adult cohort of patients with childhood-onset compared to adult-onset CD.We selected 206 childhood-onset CD patients among 2992 adult patients with a diagnosis of CD established before December 31, 2000. Disease characteristics were prospectively assessed during follow-up until December 2007 and compared to adult-onset CD patients matched 2 to 1 on gender, year of CD diagnosis, and disease location.Compared to adult-onset CD, patients with childhood-onset CD were mo...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 14, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bénédicte Pigneur, Philippe Seksik, Sheila Viola, Jérôme Viala, Laurent Beaugerie, Jean-Philippe Girardet, Frank M. Ruemmele, Jacques Cosnes Source Type: journals

Clostridium difficile and inflammatory bowel disease: More questions than answers?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 13, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, David G. Binion Source Type: journals

Crohn's disease patient with right lower quadrant abdominal pain for 20 years due to an appendiceal neuroma (Fibrous obliteration of the appendix)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 12, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Archana V. Patel, Mark Friedman, Richard P. MacDermott Source Type: journals

Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP) as a modifying factor in Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Crohn's disease (CD) is a multifactorial syndrome with genetic and environmental contributions. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) has been frequently isolated from mucosal tissues of patients with CD but the cellular immune response to this bacterium has been poorly described. Our aim was to examine the influence of MAP on T-cell proliferation and cytokine responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNCs) were obtained from IBD patients and non-IBD controls. PBMC T-cell proliferation in response to MAP was deter...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Shomik Sibartie, Paul Scully, John Keohane, Shaun O'Neill, Jim O'Mahony, Deirdre O'Hanlon, William O. Kirwan, Liam O'Mahony, Fergus Shanahan Source Type: journals

Cerebral thromboembolic events in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe the incidence and outcome of CTE in pediatric IBD patients from a single center over 5 years and the relative proportion of stroke reported in the literature in patients with UC and CD before and after January 2000.Demographic data were extracted on all newly diagnosed cases of IBD in our center from January 2003 to January 2008 to ascertain patient characteristics, disease type, risk factors for CTE, modality of neuroimaging, and outcome. A literature search was performed to identify all articles describing stroke in pediatric IBD. All identified studies were stratified into those published before and after Ja...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: A.R. Barclay, J.M. Keightley, I. Horrocks, V. Garrick, P. McGrogan, R.K. Russell Source Type: journals

Ulcerative colitis in a Southern European country: A national perspectiveEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The incidence, prevalence, and even the clinical behavior of ulcerative colitis (UC) are highly variable in different world regions. In previous studies, Portugal was reported as having a milder clinical behavior. The aim of this study was to apply the Montreal Classification in a large group of UC Portuguese patients in order to describe their clinical characteristics and evaluate variables potentially useful for outcome prediction.A cross-sectional study based on data collected from a nationwide online registry was undertaken.In all, 2863 patients with UC were included. Twenty-one percent had ulcerative proctitis, 52% le...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Francisco Portela, Fernando Magro, Paula Lago, José Cotter, Isabelle Cremers, João de Deus, Ana Vieira, Horácio Lopes, Paulo Caldeira, Luísa Barros, Jorge Reis, Laura Carvalho, Raquel Gonçalves, Mário J. Campos, Paula Ministro, Maria A. Duarte, Jorg Source Type: journals

Association between blood flow and inflammatory state in a T-cell transfer model of inflammatory bowel disease in miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Adoptive transfer of naive T-lymphocyte subsets into lymphopenic mice initiates chronic gut inflammation that mimics several aspects of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with IBD can have profound alterations in intestinal blood flow, but whether the same is true in the T-cell transfer model has yet to be determined.In the current study, chronic intestinal inflammation was induced in recombinase-activating gene-1-deficient (RAG-/-) mice by adoptive transfer of CD4+ T-lymphocytes obtained from interleukin-10 deficient (IL-10-/-) mice.Four weeks later, widespread colonic inflammation was observed in the reconstitute...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 9, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Norman R. Harris, Patsy R. Carter, Seungjun Lee, Megan N. Watts, Songlin Zhang, Matthew B. Grisham Source Type: journals

Pityriasis lichenoides chronica induced by adalimumab therapy for Crohn's disease: Report of 2 cases successfully treated with methotrexateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 8, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: B. Ben Said, J. Kanitakis, I. Graber, J.F. Nicolas, J.C. Saurin, F. Berard Source Type: journals

The position of the amino group on the benzene ring is critical for mesalamine's improvement of replication fidelityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Individuals with ulcerative colitis are at high risk of developing colitis-associated cancer. 5-Aminosalicylate (5-ASA) protects from cancer by its antiinflammatory activity as well as by altering cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and reducing replication errors. So far neither 5-ASA's structural specificity nor its pharmacophore group have been identified. Here we compared 5-ASA with its analogs (4-ASA and 3-ASA) and its metabolite N-acetyl-5-ASA (NAc-5-ASA).Superoxide scavenging was analyzed by lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence. Cell growth, cell cycle distribution, and replication fidelity at a (CA)13 microsatellite ...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 8, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Christoph Campregher, Maria Gloria Luciani, Peter Biesenbach, Rayko Evstatiev, Alex Lyakhovich, Christoph Gasche Source Type: journals

Teduglutide, a novel mucosally active analog of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn's diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Teduglutide, an analog of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), is associated with trophic effects on gut mucosa. Its role in the treatment of active Crohn's disease (CD) was assessed in a pilot, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, dose-ranging study.Subjects with moderate-to-severe CD were randomized 1:1:1:1 to placebo or 1 of 3 doses of teduglutide (0.05, 0.10, or 0.20 mg/kg daily) delivered as a daily subcutaneous injection for 8 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the percentage of subjects in each group that responded to treatment, defined as a decrease in Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) score to 100 p...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 8, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Alan L. Buchman, Seymour Katz, John C. Fang, Charles N. Bernstein, Souheil G. Abou-Assi, for the Teduglutide Study Group Source Type: journals

Recurrent cytomegalovirus infection in ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 8, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Xiaosheng He, Ana E. Bennett, Lei Lian, Bo Shen Source Type: journals

Turner's syndrome, autoimmune thyroiditis, and Crohn's disease in the same patient: A combination emphasizing the role of X-chromosome in inflammatory bowel disease patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - October 8, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: John K. Triantafillidis, El-Fellax Nadia, Florentia Fostira, Georgia Terzoudi, John Fouskas, Stamatios Pinis Source Type: journals

Small bowel resection rates in Crohn's disease and the indication for surgery over time: Experience from a large tertiary care centerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Our primary aim was to determine if the rate of small bowel resection (SBR) has declined over time among Crohn's disease (CD) patients seen at a single academic institution. A secondary aim was to establish whether the indication for surgery has changed.Patients with a primary or secondary ICD-9 code for CD (555.0-555.9) who underwent SBR at the University of Pittsburgh were included. Patients were divided into 4 separate time periods based on when they had surgery: 1995-1998 (Period 1), 1999-2001 (Period 2), 2002-2004 (Period 3), and 2005-2007 (Period 4). Medical records were reviewed for the 6 months preceding surgery. U...
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - September 30, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Mark Lazarev, Thomas Ullman, Wolfgang H. Schraut, Kevin E. Kip, Melissa Saul, Miguel Regueiro Source Type: journals