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Perforin-expressing cytotoxic cells contribute to chronic cardiomyopathy in Trypanosoma cruzi infectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Understanding the dual participation of the immune response in controlling the invader and at the same time causing tissue damage might contribute to the design of effective new vaccines and therapies for Chagas disease. Perforin, a cytolytic protein product of killer cells, is involved in resistance to acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. However, the contribution of perforin in parasite control and chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy is unclear. Perforin-positive cells were detected in the heart tissue during the acute and chronic phases of infection of C57BL/6 mice inoculated with low dose (102 parasites) of the Colombian T. ...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 28, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Jaline Coutinho Silverio, Luzia Maria de-Oliveira-Pinto, Andréa Alice da Silva, Gabriel Melo de Oliveira, Joseli Lannes-Vieira Source Type: journals

PIM-1 kinase expression in adipocytic neoplasms: diagnostic and biological implicationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumours poses a considerable challenge for pathologists, especially adipocytic tumours, as these may show considerable overlap in clinical presentation and morphological features with many other mesenchymal neoplasms. Hence, a specific and reliable marker that identifies adipocytic differentiation is much sought. We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of PIM-1 kinase in 35 samples of soft tissue tumours using tissue microarray technology and 49 full sections of adipocytic (n = 26) and non-adipocytic tumours (n = 23). Benign and malignant adipocytic tumours showed strong...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 28, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Min En Nga, Nu Nu Ma Swe, Kang Ting Chen, Liang Shen, Michael B. Lilly, Siew Pang Chan, Manuel Salto-Tellez, Kakoli Das Source Type: journals

Lipid compounds of human Wharton's jelly and their alterations in preeclampsiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Wharton's jelly is a myxomatous substance which surrounds the umbilical cord vessels protecting them against extension, bending, twisting and compression. Very low number of cells in this tissue produce high amounts of extracellular matrix; collagen, hyaluronate and proteoglycans which bind large quantities of peptide growth factors (PGFs). Preeclampsia (the most common pregnancy-associated syndrome) is accompanied by a significant reduction in hyaluronate and a concomitant increase in sulphated glycosaminoglycans/proteoglycans content in Wharton's jelly. Such a phenomenon corresponds to an 'early ageing' of this tissue. W...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - October 28, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Lech Romanowicz, Edward Bańkowski Source Type: journals

Reactive oxygen species promote angiogenesis in the infarcted rat heartEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the spatial and temporal relationship between oxidative stress and angiogenesis as well as the potential regulation of ROS in cardiac angiogenesis. We found: (i) following MI, gp91phox, a subunit of NADPH oxidase, a key enzyme for ROS production, was significantly increased in the border zone at day 2, followed by the infarcted myocardium at day 4, peaked at day 7 and declined at day 14, while superoxide dismutase was significantly reduced; (ii) malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative stress, was significantly increased in the infarcted myocardium at day 7; (iii) pre-existing blood vessels in the infarcted myoca...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - September 15, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Wenyuan Zhao, Tieqiang Zhao, Yuanjian Chen, Robert A Ahokas, Yao Sun Source Type: journals

Correlation between NGF/TrkA and microvascular density in human pterygiumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pterygium is a surface ocular lesion that is associated with chronic UV exposure. The primary effect is a solar actinic elastosis within the stroma. All the other changes are secondary. Pterygium is characterized by proliferation, inflammatory infiltrates, fibrosis, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix breakdown. The aim of this study was to correlate microvascular density and nerve growth factor (NGF)/NGF-receptor transmembrane tyrosine kinase (TrkA) expression in endothelial cells in human pterygium. Specimens of human pterygium obtained from 30 patients who had undergone surgical excision and of 10 normal bulbar conjun...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - September 14, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Domenico Ribatti, Beatrice Nico, Maria Teresa Perra, Cristina Maxia, Franca Piras, Daniela Murtas, Enrico Crivellato, Paola Sirigu Source Type: journals

A physiologically relevant atherogenic diet causes severe endothelial dysfunction within 4 weeks in rabbitEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A physiological atherogenic human diet consists of 0.1% cholesterol, fat, as well as high levels of methionine, which is the precursor to homocysteine. The pathological effects of a diet enriched with physiologically high levels of cholesterol, methionine and fat over a short period on the aorta are unknown. In this regard, we sought to determine the effects of a 0.1% cholesterol diet in combination with a 1% methionine over a 4-week period on endothelial function and artery pathology and the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase as well as nitrosative stress by nitrotyrosine (NT), oxidative stress by heat shock ...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - September 14, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Sudarshan Rai, David L Hare, Anthony Zulli Source Type: journals

PDEs1-5 activity and expression in tissues of cirrhotic rats reveal a role for aortic PDE3 in NO desensitizationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, these changes in PDE isozymes could greatly contribute to NO desensitization and to the regulation of vascular and renal function in liver cirrhosis. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - September 14, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Rima Tahseldar-Roumieh, Thérèse Keravis, Suha Maarouf, Hélène Justiniano, Ramzi Sabra, Claire Lugnier Source Type: journals

Gamma–delta T cell subsets are differentially associated with granuloma development and organization in a bovine model of mycobacterial diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to use an in vivo bovine model to evaluate [gamma][delta] T cells during the early host immune response to mycobacterial infection. We used immunofluorescent staining, hyperspectral microscopy, and computerized assisted morphometry to evaluate staining and distribution of [gamma][delta] T cells during development of organized and unorganized granulomas. Our data suggest that bovine [gamma][delta] T cell subsets are differentially recruited to early infection sites, and may be instrumental during the initial antimycobacterial host immune response as well as for granuloma organization. (Source...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - September 14, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Brandon L. Plattner, Robert T. Doyle, Jesse M. Hostetter Source Type: journals

Experimental mouse models for hepatocellular carcinoma researchEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Every year almost 500,000 new patients are diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary malignancy of the liver that is associated with a poor prognosis. Numerous experimental models have been developed to define the pathogenesis of HCC and to test novel drug candidates. This review analyses several mouse models useful for HCC research and points out their advantages and weaknesses. Chemically induced HCC mice models mimic the injury-fibrosis-malignancy cycle by administration of a genotoxic compound alone or, if necessary, followed by a promoting agent. Xenograft models develop HCC by implanting hepatoma cell ...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 21, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Femke Heindryckx, Isabelle Colle, Hans Van Vlierberghe Tags: Review Article Source Type: journals

Chronic treatment with sildenafil stimulates Leydig cell and testosterone secretionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, Sildenafil, is a novel, oral treatment approach for pulmonary hypertension. As Leydig cells present PDE5, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of the chronic treatment with Sildenafil (25 mg/kg) on male Swiss Webster mice steroidogenesis. After a 4-week long experimental design, Leydig cells were analysed by morphological and immunocytochemical procedures. Serum testosterone was assayed by radioimmunoassay. Leydig cells presented noteworthy ultrastructural alterations, such as a vesicular smooth endoplasmic reticulum, large vacuoles scattered through the cytopla...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Karina Lidianne Alcântara Saraiva, Amanda Karolina Soares E. Silva, Maria Inês Wanderley, Araken Almeida De Araújo, José Roberto Botelho De Souza, Christina Alves Peixoto Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Tumourigenic effect of Schistosoma haematobium total antigen in mammalian cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Schistosoma haematobium is endemic in several regions of Africa and has been shown to be associated with predominantly squamous cell bladder carcinoma. The mechanisms underlying the association between S. haematobium and bladder squamous cell carcinoma is largely unknown. All the reports so far, demonstrate exclusively an epidemiological evidence linking S. haematobium infection with squamous cell bladder carcinoma. We hypothesized that these parasite antigens might induce tumourigenesis. For this, we used normal mammalian cells of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and treated the cells in culture with S. haematobium total antig...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Monica Botelho, Paula Oliveira, Joana Gomes, Fatima Gartner, Carlos Lopes, Jose Manuel Correia da Costa, Jose Carlos Machado Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Microliths in the parotid of ferret investigated by electron microscopy and microanalysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present investigation is an attempt to determine the occurrence, elemental composition and formation of microliths in the parotid of ferret. Parotids from four normal ferrets were examined by electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. Crystalline microliths were found in phagosomes of acinar cells, which occasionally contained secretory material, and in phagosomes situated between mitochondria of striated ductal cells. Crystalline microliths and microliths that consisted of granular material either without crystals or mixed with a component of crystals were found in lumina, where they were often associated with cellu...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Asterios Triantafyllou, John D. Harrison, John R. Garrett Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Human respiratory syncytial virus A2 strain replicates and induces innate immune responses by respiratory epithelia of neonatal lambsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study shows that neonatal lambs can be infected with RSV strain A2 and the pulmonary pathology mimics that of RSV infection in human infants thereby making the neonatal lamb a useful animal model to study disease pathogenesis and therapeutics. RSV infection induces increased expression of surfactant proteins A and D in lambs, which may also be an important feature of infection in newborn infants. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Alicia Olivier, Jack Gallup, Marcia M.M.A. de Macedo, Steven M. Varga, Mark Ackermann Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Expression and localization of augmenter of liver regeneration in human muscle tissueEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the present data set Alrp, as a factor associated with mitochondria also in human tissue, call for future studies aimed at establishing Alrp as an important factor involved in the molecular events that trigger neuromuscular diseases. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Polimeno Lorenzo, Pesetti Barbara, Giorgio Floriana, Moretti Biagio, Resta Leonardo, Rossi Roberta, Annoscia Emanuele, Patella Vittorio, Notarnicola Angela, Mallamaci Rosanna, Francavilla Antonio Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Protein expression in salivary glands of rats with streptozotocin diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread disease with high morbidity and health care costs. An experimental animal model was employed, using morphological and biochemical methods, to investigate the effects of DM on the expression and compartmentation of salivary gland proteins. The distribution of proline-rich proteins (PRP), submandibular mucin (Muc10) and the regulatory (RI and RII) subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase type I and type II was determined in the parotid and submandibular (SMG) glands of rats treated with streptozotocin. Quantitative immunocytochemistry of secretory granules in diabetic glands reve...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Maija I. Mednieks, Andrew Szczepanski, Brett Clark, Arthur R. Hand Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Diabetes induces stromal remodelling and increase in chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans of the rat ventral prostateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling is an important process involved in prostate cancer progression. Alterations in ECM caused by diabetes in different tissues such as kidney is well described; however, it is poorly investigated in prostate. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in ECM of rat prostate showing gland atrophy caused by diabetes and their implications in development of malignant lesions. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats using alloxan (45 mg/kg bw). After 90 days of diabetes onset, animals were killed and ventral prostate was removed and prepared for light microscopy following immunoreaction for f...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Daniele Lisboa Ribeiro, Sebastião Roberto Taboga, Rejane Maira Góes Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Calpain-mediated breakdown of cytoskeletal proteins contributes to cholecystokinin-induced damage of rat pancreatic aciniEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cytosolic cysteine protease calpain is implicated in a multitude of cellular functions but also plays a role in cell damage. Our previous results suggest that an activation of calpain accompanied by a decrease in its endogenous inhibitor calpastatin may contribute to pancreatic damage during cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. The present study aimed at the time course of secretagogue-induced calpain activation and cellular substrates of the protease. Isolated rat pancreatic acini were incubated with a supramaximal concentration of cholecystokinin (0.1 [mu]M CCK) for 30 min in the presence or absence of the calpain in...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - July 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Heike Weber, Saskia Hühns, Frank Lüthen, Ludwig Jonas Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

A critical analysis of current in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis assaysEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The study of angiogenesis has grown exponentially over the past 40 years with the recognition that angiogenesis is essential for numerous pathologies and, more recently, with the advent of successful drugs to inhibit angiogenesis in tumours. The main problem with angiogenesis research remains the choice of appropriate assays to evaluate the efficacy of potential new drugs and to identify potential targets within the angiogenic process. This selection is made more complex by the recognition that heterogeneity occurs, not only within the endothelial cells themselves, but also within the specific microenvironment to be studie...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 15, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Carolyn A. Staton, Malcolm W. R. Reed, Nicola J. Brown Tags: Review Series: < br/ > Angiogenesis and the Vasculature in Pathological Disease Guest Editor: Carolyn A. Staton Source Type: journals

CorrigendumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: journals

Ischaemia/reperfusion induced cardiac stem cell homing to the injured myocardium by stimulating stem cell factor expression via NF-κB pathwayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a major cause of heart failure. Recently cardiac stem cells (CSCs) were proposed as the most appropriate cell type for heart disease therapy. However, it is still unclear whether I/R can stimulate the CSCs homing to the injured myocardium. Male Sprague[ndash]Dawley rats were subjected to a 30-min ischaemia followed by reperfusion of different intervals. RT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect stem cell factor (SCF) expression at mRNA and protein levels respectively. Activation of nuclear factor-[kappa]B (NF-[kappa]B) was determined by electrophoretic mobilit...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Junli Guo, Wei Jie, Dong Kuang, Juan Ni, Duoen Chen, Qilin Ao, Guoping Wang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Expression of ADAM-15 in rat myocardial infarctionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study revealed a significant difference of ADAM-15 expression in rat MI and indicated that ADAM-15 maybe one of the important factors involved in inflammatory response and cardiac remodelling of rat MI. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Ji Ke Li, Wen Juan Du, Shu Lin Jiang, Hai Tian Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Apoptosis and fibrosis are early features of heart failure in an animal model of metabolic cardiomyopathyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In previous experiments, we observed signs of cardiac failure in mice overexpressing lipoprotein lipase (LPL) under the control of a muscle specific promotor and in peroxisome proliferators activated receptor alpha (PPAR[alpha]) knockout mice overexpressing LPL under the control of the same promotor. In our current investigations, we focussed on morphological consequences and changes in mRNA and protein expression in hearts from these animals. mRNA expression was analysed by differential display analysis and Northern blot as well as by cDNA microarray analysis followed by pathway analysis. Protein expression was examined u...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Barbara Gürtl, Dagmar Kratky, Christian Guelly, Lefeng Zhang, Gregor Gorkiewicz, Suman Kumar Das, Kuppusamy Palaniappan Tamilarasan, Gerald Hoefler Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Apoptosis, cell proliferation and modulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21cip1 in vascular remodelling during vein arterialization in the ratEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Neo-intima development and atherosclerosis limit long-term vein graft use for revascularization of ischaemic tissues. Using a rat model, which is technically less challenging than smaller rodents, we provide evidence that the temporal morphological, cellular, and key molecular events during vein arterialization resemble the human vein graft adaptation. Right jugular vein was surgically connected to carotid artery and observed up to 90 days. Morphometry demonstrated gradual thickening of the medial layer and important formation of neo-intima with deposition of smooth muscle cells (SMC) in the subendothelial layer from day 7...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Thaiz Ferraz Borin, Ayumi Aurea Miyakawa, Leandro Cardoso, Luciano de Figueiredo Borges, Giovana Aparecida Gonçalves, Jose Eduardo Krieger Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

A detailed microscopic study of the changes in the aorta of experimental model of postmenopausal rats fed with repeatedly heated palm oilEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was performed to examine the effects of repeatedly heated palm oil mixed with 2% cholesterol diet on atherosclerosis in oestrogen-deficient postmenopausal rats. Ovariectomy causes disruption of tunica intima layer of the rat aorta simulating a postmenopausal condition in females. Twenty-four ovariectomized female Sprague[ndash]Dawley rats were divided into four groups. The control group received 2% cholesterol diet without palm oil. A diet with 2% cholesterol content fortified with fresh, once-heated and five-times-heated palm oil was given to the other treatment groups. The rats were sacrificed at the end of 4 ...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Siti Khadijah Adam, Srijit Das, Kamsiah Jaarin Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

High dietary methionine plus cholesterol stimulates early atherosclerosis and late fibrous cap development which is associated with a decrease in GRP78 positive plaque cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The role of homocysteine, or its precursor methionine, in the formation of fibrous caps and its association with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is unclear. Homocysteine can stimulate collagen accumulation and upregulate the ER stress chaperone glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78). The aim of this study was to determine if high dietary methionine would increase fibrous caps, and that removal of an atherogenic diet would decrease the amount of ER stressed cells. New Zealand white rabbits were fed for 2, 4, or 12 weeks an atherogenic diet [1% methionine + 0.5% cholesterol (2MC, 4MC or 12MC)]; for 4 or 12 weeks a 0.5% chole...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Anthony Zulli, David L. Hare Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Can eccentric arterial plaques alone cause flow stagnation points and favour thrombus incorporation?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have used an experimental model of aorta stenosis, with a Plexiglas plug, simulating a stable atheromatous plaque that promotes local turbulence and thrombosis. With animal survival of more than 24 h, we followed the partial fibrinolysis of the thrombus as well as its posterior organization and incorporation to the arterial wall as a neointima for up to 30 days. The mushroom plug form permitted the development of recirculation and stasis areas around it, favouring this evolution. Despite noted limitations, this study demonstrates that thrombus incorporation can contribute to plaque extension, as it can promote recircula...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Cristina T. Beneli, Priscila F. Barbosa, Elaine M. Floriano, Mônica A. Abreu, Fernando S. Ramalho, Jorge Elias Júnior, Marcos A. Rossi, Simone G. Ramos Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Microtubule depolymerizing vascular disrupting agents: novel therapeutic agents for oncology and other pathologiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) are a relatively new group of 'vascular targeting' agents that exhibit selective activity against established tumour vascular networks, causing severe interruption of tumour blood flow and necrosis to the tumour mass. Microtubule depolymerizing agents form by far the largest group of small molecular weight VDAs many of which, including lead compound disodium combretastatin A-4 3-O-phosphate (CA-4-P), are under clinical development for cancer. Although distinct from the angiogenesis inhibitors, VDAs can also interfere with angiogenesis and therefore constitute a potential group of novel dru...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Chryso Kanthou, Gillian M. Tozer Tags: Review Series: < br/ > Angiogenesis and the Vasculature in Pathological Disease Guest Editor: Carolyn A. Staton Source Type: journals

Coronary vessel development and insight towards neovascular therapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Formation of the coronary arteries consists of a precisely orchestrated series of morphogenetic and molecular events which can be divided into three distinct processes: vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis (Risau 1997; Carmeliet 2000). Even subtle perturbations in this process may lead to congenital coronary artery anomalies, as occur in 0.2[ndash]1.2% of the general population (von Kodolitsch et al. 2004). Contrary to the previously held dogma, the process of vasculogenesis is not limited to prenatal development. Both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis are now known to actively occur within the adult heart. When t...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Nicola Smart, Karina N. Dubé, Paul R. Riley Tags: Review Series: < br/ > Angiogenesis and the Vasculature in Pathological Disease Guest Editor: Carolyn A. Staton Source Type: journals

The vasculature in rheumatoid arthritis: cause or consequence?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The expansion of the synovial lining of joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitates an increase in the vascular supply to the synovium, to cope with the increased requirement for oxygen and nutrients. New blood vessel formation [ndash]'angiogenesis'[ndash] is recognized as a key event in the formation and maintenance of the pannus in RA, suggesting that targeting blood vessels in RA may be an effective future therapeutic strategy. Although many pro-angiogenic factors have been demonstrated to be expressed in RA synovium, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been demonstrated to a have a central involvement in...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Ewa M. Paleolog Tags: Review Series: < br/ > Angiogenesis and the Vasculature in Pathological Disease Guest Editor: Carolyn A. Staton Source Type: journals

Angiogenesis drives psoriasis pathogenesisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Psoriasis pathogenesis is closely associated with disease-inducing Th1 and Th17 cells. Yet, several studies suggest that aberrant keratinocyte or endothelial cell signalling significantly contributes to disease manifestation. Histological hallmarks of psoriatic skin include the infiltration of multiple immune cells, keratinocyte proliferation and increased dermal vascularity. Formation of new blood vessels starts with early psoriatic changes and disappears with disease clearance. Several angiogenic mediators like vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factors, angiopoietins and pro-angiogenic cytokines, such...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Regina Heidenreich, Martin Röcken, Kamran Ghoreschi Tags: Review Series: < br/ > Angiogenesis and the Vasculature in Pathological Disease Guest Editor: Carolyn A. Staton Source Type: journals

Neutrophils: key mediators of tumour angiogenesisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is now well known that most malignant tumours contain a significant amount of leucocytic infiltrates the presence of which has, on many occasions, been linked to poor patient prognosis. These leucocyte populations are recruited to tumours by chemotactic factors released by either viable or necrotic tumour cells, or by cells within the tumour stroma. In recent times, most studies have analysed the role that tumour-associated macrophages (TAM) have on tumour progression. However, there is now increasing evidence to show that neutrophils also actively participate in this process. Whilst there are some data to suggest that ...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - May 11, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Simon Tazzyman, Claire E. Lewis, Craig Murdoch Tags: Review Series: < br/ > Angiogenesis and the Vasculature in Pathological Disease Guest Editor: Carolyn A. Staton Source Type: journals

Back to basics – how the evolution of the extracellular matrix underpinned vertebrate evolutionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex substrate that is involved in and influences a spectrum of behaviours such as growth and differentiation and is the basis for the structure of tissues. Although a characteristic of all metazoans, the ECM has elaborated into a variety of tissues unique to vertebrates, such as bone, tendon and cartilage. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the molecular evolution of the ECM. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ECM genes represent a pivotal family of proteins the evolution of which appears to have played an important role in the evolution of vertebrates. (Source: Int...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 21, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Julie Huxley-Jones, John W. Pinney, John Archer, David L. Robertson, Raymond P. Boot-Handford Tags: Review Article Source Type: journals

Cartilage metabolism and cell based therapiesfor tissue regenerationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Tags: British Society for Matrix Biology Meeting, Autumn 2008 Source Type: journals

Authors' ReplyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Meirav Trebicz-Geffen, Dror Robinson, Zoharia Evron, Tova Glaser, Matityahu Fridkin, Yehuda Kollander, Israel Vlodavsky, Neta Ilan, Kit Fong Law, Kathryn S. E. Cheah, Danny Chan, Haim Werner, Zvi Nevo Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: journals

The molecular and cellular basis of exostosis formation in hereditary multiple exostosesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Christianne M. A. Reijnders, Pancras C. W. Hogendoorn, Judith V. M. G. Bovée Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: journals

Histological characteristics of human papilloma-virus-positive and -negative invasive and in situ squamous cell tumours of the penisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, about half of invasive penile squamous carcinomas in this study were hrHPV-positive, most notably to HPV 16, and probably arose through in situ lesions whereas the other half of invasive penile lesions appeared to be unrelated to hrHPV. A number of histological characteristics differed significantly between hrHPV-positive and -negative invasive penile carcinomas. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Dorrit Krustrup, Helle Lone Jensen, Adriaan J.C. van den Brule, Morten Frisch Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Evaluation of a magnetic resonance biomarker of osteoarthritis disease progression: doxycycline slows tibial cartilage loss in the Dunkin Hartley guinea pigEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective was to assess the effect of doxycycline treatment on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarker of cartilage volume loss, and on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in a guinea pig osteoarthritis model. Guinea pigs (9 months old) were dosed with vehicle or doxycycline, 0.6, 3.0 mg/kg/day for 66 days. Fat-suppressed 3D gradient-echo MRI of the left knee was acquired pre- and post dosing. Change in medial tibial plateau (MTP) cartilage volume (MT.VC) was determined using image analysis. At termination, MTP cartilage was removed from knees and proteolytic MMP activity determined using a fluorescent peptide...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Jonathan Bowyer, Chris G. Heapy, Joanne K. Flannelly, John C. Waterton, Rose A. Maciewicz Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

The lectin KM+ induces corneal epithelial wound healing in rabbitsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aims at investigating a possible effect of KM+ on corneal regeneration in rabbits. A 6.0-mm diameter area of debridement was created on the cornea of both eyes by mechanical scraping. The experimental eyes received drops of KM+ (2.5 [mu]g/ml) every 2 h. The control eyes received buffer. The epithelial wounded areas of the lectin-treated and untreated eyes were stained with fluorescein, photographed and measured. The animals were killed 12 h (group 1, n = 5), 24 h (group 2, n = 10) and 48 h (group 3, n = 5) after the scraping. The corneas were analysed histologically (haematoxylin and eosin and immunostaining for...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Fernando Chahud, Leandra N. Z. Ramalho, Fernando S. Ramalho, Antonio Haddad, Maria C. Roque-Barreira Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Dystroglycan patterns on the prostate of non-obese diabetic mice submitted to glycaemic controlEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dystroglycan (DG) is an adhesion protein which plays a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue integrity. Diabetes has been pointed out as a disease which causes harmful effects on prostate function. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to verify DG distribution and structure features in diabetic mice with and without glycaemic control and to relate these parameters to prostate pathogenesis. Thirty mice (Nod and BALB/c) were divided into three groups after 20 days of diabetic state: the control group received a 5 ml/kg dose of physiological saline daily for 20 days; the diabetic group had the same treatment as ...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon Quitete, Wagner José Fávaro Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Reduced expression of IL-3 mediates intestinal mast cell depletion in diabetic rats: role of insulin and glucocorticoid hormonesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, our findings show that there is a causative relationship between down-regulation of mast cell numbers and the expression of IL-3 associated with diabetic state. In addition, as both parameters were suppressed by administration of insulin and RU 486, it indicates that an imbalance between the systemic levels of insulin and glucocorticoid hormones seems to be implicated in the reduction in intestinal mast cell population and refractoriness to antigen provocation in alloxan diabetes. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Vinicius de Frias Carvalho, Emiliano de Oliveira Barreto, Francisco Alves Farias-Filho, Leonardo Henrique Ferreira Gomes, Leila de Lima Mendonça, Renato Sérgio Balão Cordeiro, Marco Aurélio Martins, Patrícia Machado Rodrigues e Silva Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

The serum D-xylose test as a useful tool to identify malabsorption in rats with antigen specific gut inflammatory reactionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the use of serum d-xylose test was useful to identify the presence of small intestinal malabsorption in our antigen specific gut inflammatory reaction rat model. (Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Danielle Mota Fontes Antunes, Janilda Pacheco da Costa, Sylvia Maria Nicolau Campos, Patrícia Olaya Paschoal, Valéria Garrido, Munique Siqueira, Gerlinde Agate Platais Brasil Teixeira, Gilberto Perez Cardoso Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Anti-inflammatory effects of the genus Bifidobacterium on macrophages by modification of phospho-IκB and SOCS gene expressionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated how three species of Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus faecalis differentially modulate production of cytokines from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages in vitro using RAW264.7 cells. The mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines were remarkably increased after exposure to LPS, E. faecalis alone and LPS combined with E. faecalis. In contrast, IL-10 mRNA levels were significantly decreased after exposure to E. faecalis compared with exposure to Bifidobacterium species. When cells were exposed to Bifidobacterium species combined with LPS, mRNA levels of IL12p40 were decreased by co-cu...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Yoshikiyo Okada, Yoshikazu Tsuzuki, Ryota Hokari, Shunsuke Komoto, Chie Kurihara, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Shigeaki Nagao, Soichiro Miura Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Characterization of cerebral malaria in the outbred Swiss Webster mouse infected by Plasmodium berghei ANKAEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infection in susceptible inbred mouse strains is the most commonly used experimental model to study pathogenesis of cerebral malaria (CM). Indeed, many concepts on mechanisms related to this complication have arisen from works using this model. Although inbred strains present several advantages and are indicated for most studies, the use of outbred models can show unique usefulness in a number of approaches such as fine post-quantitative trait loci mapping and discovery of genes relevant to CM susceptibility or resistance, as well as pharmacological and vaccine studies. Here we describe the fe...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Yuri Chaves Martins, Mary Jane Smith, Marcelo Pelajo-Machado, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck, Henrique Leonel Lenzi, Claudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro, Leonardo José de Moura Carvalho Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Establishment of lethal inhalational infection with Francisella tularensis (tularaemia) in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Susceptibility and lethality studies of inhalational tularaemia were undertaken using the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) to determine its suitability as a non-human primate model. Pairs of marmosets were exposed to varying challenge doses of Francisella tularensis by the airborne route and monitored for up to 14 days postchallenge (p.c.). Lethal infection was achieved following a retained dose of less than 10 bacterial colony-forming units (CFU). However, precise LD50 determination was not possible. The model was characterized using a target challenge dose of approximately 100 CFU. Increased core body temperature was...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Michelle Nelson, Mark S. Lever, Victoria L. Savage, Francisco Javier Salguero, Peter C. Pearce, Daniel J. Stevens, Andrew J. H. Simpson Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Megaoesophagus in Rassf1a-null miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report, we show that aged Rassf1a-null mice have an enhanced susceptibility to megaoesophagus compared with wild-type littermates ([sim]20%vs. [sim]2% incidence respectively; P = 0.01). Histological examination of the dilated oesophaguses shows a reduction in the numbers of nerve cells (both ganglia and nerve fibres) in the myenteric plexus of the dilated mid and lower oesophagus that was confirmed by S100 immunohistochemistry. There was also a chronic inflammatory infiltrate and subsequent fibrosis of the myenteric plexus and the muscle layers. These appearances closely mimic the gross and histopathological findin...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - March 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Louise van der Weyden, Lisa Happerfield, Mark J. Arends, David J. Adams Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Involvement of the cytoskeletal elements in articular cartilage homeostasis and pathologyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cytoskeleton of all cells is a three-dimensional network comprising actin microfilaments, tubulin microtubules and intermediate filaments. Studies in many cell types have indicated roles for these cytoskeletal proteins in many diverse cellular processes including alteration of cell shape, movement of organelles, migration, endocytosis, secretion, cell division and extracellular matrix assembly. The cytoskeletal networks are highly organized in structure enabling them to fulfil their biological functions. This review will primarily focus on the organization and function of the three major cytoskeletal networks in articu...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 20, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Emma J. Blain Tags: Review Article Source Type: journals

Past, Present and Future Insights into the Understanding and Treatment of Osteoarthritis: Molecular and Mechanical ApproachesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology)
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Tags: BSMB Spring 2008 Meeting Report Source Type: journals

Long-term inhibition of 5-alpha reductase and aromatase changes the cellular and extracellular compartments in gerbil ventral prostate at different postnatal agesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the inhibition of 5[alpha]-r and Aro enzymes affected, in a persistent manner, the structural and ultrastructural morphology of the prostate, irrespective of the gerbil's age. Hence these enzymes appear to be crucial in the maintenance of this gland during postnatal development. Also, these data bring more light to the complex issue of the mechanisms of local steroid metabolism and prostatic histology. Thus, the blockade of the steroid-metabolizing enzymes provided an important novel tool to study the relationship between sex steroids and normal physiology and diseases of the prostate. (Source: International...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Lara S. Corradi, Silvana G. P. Campos, Fernanda C. A. Santos, Patricia S. L. Vilamaior, Rejane M. Góes, Sebastião R. Taboga Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Identification of monoclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate and hydroxyapatite in human sclera using Raman microspectroscopyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Raman microspectroscopy was first used to determine the composition of a calcified plaque located at the pterygium-excision site of a 51-year-old female patient's left nasal sclera after surgery. It was unexpectedly found that the Raman spectrum of the calcified sample at 1149, 1108, 1049, 756, 517, 376 and 352/cm was similar to the Raman spectrum of monoclinic form of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal, but differed from the Raman spectrum of triclinic form of CPPD. An additional peak at 958/cm was also observed in the Raman spectrum of the calcified plaque, which was identical to the characteristic peak at 95...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Ko-Hua Chen, Mei-Jane Li, Wen-Ting Cheng, Tonci Balic-Zunic, Shan-Yang Lin Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Histopathological abnormalities of prolonged alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in rabbitsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to investigate the prolonged complications of untreated diabetes on histomorphology of rabbits. Diabetes mellitus was experimentally induced in one group of New Zealand white male rabbits by intraperitoneal administration of four doses of alloxan @ 80 mg/kg b.w. at weekly intervals following 12 h fasting. Other group of rabbits served as healthy controls that received isotonic saline in a similar manner. The establishment of diabetes mellitus was confirmed by fasting blood glucose levels. For histomorphological study of different organs, 50% of the animals were killed after 7 weeks and the r...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - January 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Sajad Hussain Mir, Mohd Maqbool Darzi Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals