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Functional role of the nicotinic arm of the acetylcholine regulatory axis in human B-cell linesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Juan Arredondo, Denys Omelchenko, Alexander I Chernyavsky, et al (Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine)
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - November 5, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Micro- and nanotechnology in cell separation || FREE PAPER ||Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Milica Radisic1,2, Rohin K Iyer1, Shashi K Murthy31Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 2Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: This review describes recent work in cell separation using micro- and nanoscale technologies. These devices offer several advantages over conventional, macroscale separation systems in terms of sample volumes, low cost, portability, and potential for integration with other analytical techniques. More importantly, and in the context of m...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Nanofibers and their applications in tissue engineeringEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Rajesh Vasita, Dhirendra S Katti Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology – Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaAbstract: Developing scaffolds that mimic the architecture of tissue at the nanoscale is one of the major challenges in the field of tissue engineering. The development of nanofibers has greatly enhanced the scope for fabricating scaffolds that can potentially meet this challenge. Currently, there are three techniques available for the synthesis of nanofibers: electrospinning, self-assembly, and phase separation. Of these techniques, electrospinning is the most wi...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Polydisulfide Gd(III) chelates as biodegradable macromolecular magnetic resonance imaging contrast agentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Zheng-Rong Lu, Aaron M Mohs, Yuda Zong, Yi Feng Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA Abstract: Macromolecular gadolinium (Gd)(III) complexes have a prolonged blood circulation time and can preferentially accumulate in solid tumors, depending on the tumor blood vessel hyperpermeability, resulting in superior contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance (MR) cardiovascular imaging and cancer imaging as shown in animal models. Unfortunately, safety concerns related to these agents’ slow elimination from the body impede their clinical development. Polydi...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Increased endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell adhesion on nanostructured titanium and CoCrMoEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Saba Choudhary1, Mikal Berhe1, Karen M Haberstroh1, Thomas J Webster1,2 1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering and 2School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USAAbstract: In the body, vascular cells continuously interact with tissues that possess nanostructured surface features due to the presence of proteins (such as collagen and elastin) embedded in the vascular wall. Despite this fact, vascular stents intended to restore blood flow do not have nanoscale surface features but rather are smooth at the nanoscale. As the first step towards creating the next generation of vascular stent materia...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Surface functionalization of gold nanoparticles using hetero-bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) spacer for intracellular tracking and deliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dinesh Shenoy1, Wei Fu2, Jane Li3, Curtis Crasto3, Graham Jones3, Charles DiMarzio4, Srinivas Sridhar2, Mansoor Amiji1 Departments of 1Pharmaceutical, Sciences, 2Physics, 3Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, and the Nanomedicine Consortium, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: For the development of surface-functionalized gold nanoparticles as cellular probes and delivery agents, we have synthesized hetero-bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, MW 1500) having a thiol group on one terminus and a reactive functional group on the other for use as a flexible spacer. Couma...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Incorporation of quantum dots on virus in polycationic solutionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Jin-Oh You1, Yu-San Liu2, Yu-Chuan Liu1, Kye-Il Joo1, Ching-An Peng1,2 1Department of Chemical Engineering and 2Department of Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USAAbstract: Developing methods to label viruses with fluorescent moieties has its merits in elucidating viral infection mechanisms and exploring novel antiviral therapeutics. Fluorescent quantum dots (QDs), an emerging probe for biological imaging and medical diagnostics, were employed in this study to tag retrovirus encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) genes. Electrostatic repulsion forces generated from both nega...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Selective adhesion and mineral deposition by osteoblasts on carbon nanofiber patternsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dongwoo Khang1, Michiko Sato4, Rachel L Price2, Alexander E Ribbe3Thomas J Webster2,4 1Department of Physics, 2Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, 3Purdue Laboratory of Chemical Nanotechnology and Departments of Chemistry, and 4School of Materials Engineering, PurdueAbstract: In an effort to develop better orthopedic implants, osteoblast (bone-forming cells) adhesion was determined on microscale patterns (30 μm lines) of carbon nanofibers placed on polymer substrates. Patterns of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on a model polymer (polycarbonate urethane [PCU]) were developed using an imprinting method that placed CNFs in ...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Nanopillar array structures for enhancing biosensing performanceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Venkataramani Anandan1, Yeswanth L Rao1, Guigen Zhang1,2,3 1Micro/Nano Bioengineering Lab, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, 2Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, 3Faculty of Engineering, University of Georgia, GA, USAAbstract: Fabrication of metallic nanopillar array structures and their application as electrodes in electrochemical-based biosensors are discussed in this report. Vertically standing nanopillar array structures were fabricated using an electrodeposition technique and their electrochemical characteristics were evaluated. For possible use in biosensing applications, these standing nan...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Silk-fibroin-coated liposomes for long-term and targeted drug deliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the adhesive targeting and drug specificity of modified liposomal vesicles on human-scar-producing cells, keloid fibroblasts, were investigated. Keloids express abundant levels of mucopolysaccharides and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). In this report, the structural properties, drug release kinetics, and therapeutic availability of silkfibroin- coated, emodin-loaded liposomes (SF-ELP), compared with uncoated, emodin-loaded liposomes (ELP), were investigated. SF-ELP had a highly organized lamellae structure, which contributed to 55% of the liposomal diameter. This modified liposomal structure decreased emodin...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

On the way to building an integrated computational environment for the study of developmental patterns and genetic diseasesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Andrei L Turinsky, Christoph W Sensen Sun Center of Excellence for Visual Genomics, University of Calgary, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Calgary, AB, CanadaAbstract: Genetic diseases and developmental patterns should be studied on several levels: from macroscale (organs and tissues) to nanoscale (cells, genes, proteins). Due to the overwhelming complexity of the life science data, it is common that disparate data pieces are meticulously stored but never fully analyzed or correlated. We have begun to develop a novel methodology based on virtual reality techniques for the study of the...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Peptide crosslinked micelles: a new strategy for the design and synthesis of peptide vaccinesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report presents a new and simple methodology for the synthesis of multicomponent peptide vaccines, named the peptide crosslinked micelles (PCMs). The PCMs are core shell micelles designed to deliver peptide antigens and immunostimulatory DNA to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). They are composed of immunostimulatory DNA, peptide antigen, and a thiopyridal derived poly(ethylene glycol)-polylysine block copolymer. The peptide antigen acts as a crosslinker in the PCM strategy, which allows the peptide antigen to be efficiently encapsulated into the PCMs and also stabilizes them against degradation by serum components. Cel...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Tertiary structural analysis of the elongated part of an abnormal hemoglobin, hemoglobin PakseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Viroj Wiwanitkit Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandAbstract: Hemoglobin variants in which a frameshift results in chain elongation are unusual. Hemoglobin Pakse (Hb Pakse) is an unstable hemoglobin with abnormal elongation, first described in Indochina. An alpha2-globin gene termination codon mutation, TAA → TAT or Term → Tyr, has been described in the pathogenesis of Hb Pakse. This abnormality causes a frameshift that elongates the alpha chain amino acids. Computer-based protein structure modeling was used in a bioinformatics analysis of the tertia...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Where is the weak linkage in the globin chain?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Viroj Wiwanitkit Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandAbstract: Hemoglobinopathies are important inherited disorders with high prevalence in many tropical countries. Prediction of protein nanostructure and function is a great challenge in proteomics and structural genomics. Identifying the point vulnerable to mutation is a new trend in research on disorders at the genomic and proteomic level. A bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the positions that tend to correspond with peptide motifs in the amino acid sequence of alpha and beta globin chains. T...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Quantum chemical analysis of the deferiprone–iron binding reactionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Viroj Wiwanitkit Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandAbstract: To prevent side effects of excessive accumulation of iron in the body, chelation therapy is recommended in transfusion-dependent patients. The reaction between deferiprone and iron to form a complex red substance can be described as 3 molecules of the chelator, deferiprone, reacting with a molecule of iron. However, the actual mechanism of the deferiprone – iron binding reaction is not well understood. A quantum chemical analysis of the deferiprone – iron binding reaction was performed, ...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Chitosan nanoparticles for oral drug and gene deliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Katherine Bowman, Kam W Leong Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USAAbstract: Chitosan is a widely available, mucoadhesive polymer that is able to increase cellular permeability and improve the bioavailability of orally administered protein drugs. It can also be readily formed into nanoparticles able to entrap drugs or condense plasmid DNA. Studies on the formulation and oral delivery of such chitosan nanoparticles have demonstrated their efficacy in enhancing drug uptake and promoting gene expression. This review summarizes some of these findings and highlights the potential of ...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Fenofibrate: a novel formulation (Triglide™) in the treatment of lipid disorders: a reviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Konstantinos Tziomalos, Vasilios G Athyros Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Syndrome Units, 2nd Prop. Department of internal Medicine, Aristotelian University, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, GreeceAbstract: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality worldwide and accounts for approximately 40% of all deaths. Dyslipidemia is one of the primary causes of atherosclerosis and effective interventions to correct dyslipidemia should form an integral component of any strategy aimed at preventing cardiovascular disease. Fibrates have played a major role in the treatment of hyperlipidemia for more than two decades. Fe...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Immunonanoshells for targeted photothermal ablation of tumor cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Amanda R Lowery1, André M Gobin1, Emily S Day1, Naomi J Halas2, Jennifer L West11Department of Bioengineering, 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Consisting of a silica core surrounded by a thin gold shell, nanoshells possess an optical tunability that spans the visible to the near infrared (NIR) region, a region where light penetrates tissues deeply. Conjugated with tumor-specific antibodies, NIR-absorbing immunonanoshells can preferentially bind to tumor cells. NIR light then heats the bound nanoshells, thus destroying the targeted cells. Antibodies...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Immobilization of cells by electrostatic droplet generation: a model system for potential application in medicineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
V Manojlovic1, J Djonlagic1, B Obradovic1, V Nedovic2, B Bugarski1 1Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, 2Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Abstract: The process of electrostatic extrusion as a method for cell immobilization was investigated that could be used for potential applications in medicine. An attempt was made to assess the effects of cell addition and polymer concentration on the overall entrapment procedure, ie, on each stage of immobilization: polymer–cell suspension rheological characteristics, electrostatic extrusion process, and the process...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Chitosan and lactic acid-grafted chitosan nanoparticles as carriers for prolonged drug deliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Narayan Bhattarai1, Hassna R Ramay1, Shinn-Huey Chou2, Miqin Zhang11Department of Material science and engineering, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USAAbstract: Nanoparticles of ~10 nm in diameter made with chitosan or lactic acid-grafted chitosan were developed for high drug loading and prolonged drug release. A drug encapsulation efficiency of 92% and a release rate of 28% from chitosan nanoparticles over a 4-week period were demonstrated with bovine serum protein. To further increase drug encapsulation, prolong drug release, and increase chitosan solubility in solution of neut...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

MC3T3-E1 osteoblast attachment and proliferation on porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds fabricated with nanophase powderEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ian O Smith1, Laura R McCabe2, Melissa J Baumann1 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 2Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA Abstract: Porous bone tissue engineering scaffolds were fabricated using both nano hydroxyapatite (nano HA) powder (20 nm average particle size) and micro HA powder (10 µm average particle size), resulting in sintered scaffolds of 59 vol% porosity and 8.6±1.9 µm average grain size and 72 vol% porosity and 588±55 nm average grain size, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy was used to measu...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Multiplexed microsphere diagnostic tools in gene expression applications: factors and futuresEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Gwendolyn A Lawrie, Jodie Robinson, Simon Corrie, Kym Ford, Bronwyn J Battersby, Matt Trau Centre for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia Abstract: Microarrays have received significant attention in recent years as scientists have firstly identified factors that can produce reduced confidence in gene expression data obtained on these platforms, and secondly sought to establish laboratory practices and a set of standards by which data are reported with integrity. microsphere-based assays represent a new generation of diagnostics in this field capable...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Geometric control of myogenic cell fateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Elena M de Juan-Pardo, Mike Bao-Trong Hoang, Irina M ConboyDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkley, CA, USAAbstract: This work combines expertise in stem cell biology and bioengineering to define the system for geometric control of proliferation and differentiation of myogenic progenitor cells. We have created an artificial niche of myogenic progenitor cells, namely, modified extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates with spatially embedded growth or differentiation factors (GF, DF) that predictably direct muscle cell fate in a geometric pattern. Embedded GF and DF signal progenitor ce...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Spatial control over cell attachment by partial solvent entrapment of poly lysine in microfluidic channelsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nicki K Baman1, Galen B Schneider2, Treniece L Terry3, Rebecca Zaharias2, Aliasger K Salem1,3,4 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, 2Department of Prosthodontics and Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, 3Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, 4Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA Abstract: We demonstrate spatial control over cell attachment on biodegradable surfaces by flowing cell adhesive poly (D-lysine) (PDL) in a trifluoroethanol (TFE)–water mixture through m...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Selective placement of templated DNA nanowires between microstructured electrodesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Joseph M Kinsella1, Albena Ivanisevic1,2 1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, 2Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA Abstract: Dip-pen nanolithography is used to selectively modify the SiOx area between microfabricated electrodes. The modified surface is characterized by atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, force volume imaging, and adhesion maps. The functionalized complex architecture is used for the localization of DNA coated with magnetic nanoparticles. The strategy reported here can become the basis for the construction of a number of funct...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

High performance DNA nano-carriers of carbonate apatite: Multiple factors in regulation of particle synthesis and transfection efficiencyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
E H Chowdhury, Toshihiro AkaikeDepartment of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan Abstract: Increasing attention is being paid on synthetic DNA delivery systems considering some potential life-threatening effects of viral particles, for development of gene-based nanomedicine in the 21st century. In the current nonviral approaches, most of the efforts have been engaged with organic macromolecules like lipids, polymers, and peptides, but comparatively fewer attempts were made to evaluate the potential of inorganic materials for ge...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Single-dose azithromycin microsphere formulation: a novel delivery system for antibioticsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
David AmrolDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USAAbstract: Azithromycin extended release (Zmax®, Pfizer Inc) is a novel single-dose administration formulation of azithromycin which won FDA approval in June 2005 and is currently approved for the treatment of community acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial sinusitis. Azitromycin is incorporated into sustained-release microspheres which release the drug slowly through 200 µm pores. Because of this sustained release mechanism, most of the drug is released into the lower gastrointestinal tract, reducing gas...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Age-related macular degeneration: a target for nanotechnology derived medicinesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article summarizes the pathophysiology of AMD stressing potential applications from nanotechnology.Keywords: macular, nanotechnology, AMD, retinal degeneration, gene therapy (Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine)
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Editorial: IJN’s second year is now a part of nanomedicine history! ||FREE PAPER||Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Thomas J WebsterDivision of Engineering, Brown University; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Brown University Medical School, Providence, RI, USAAbstract: Welcome to the second year of the International Journal of Nanomedicine! As our readers know, nanomedicine research worldwide is going strong. As an example, the US National Science Foundation forecasts that the global market for nanotechnology-related products and services will reach US$1 trillion by 2015 (NSF 2007). Nanomedicine may be defined as the monitoring, repair, construction, and control of human biological systems using engineered nanodevices and nanostructures ...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Nanomedicines in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C – focus on pegylated interferon alpha-2aEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Thea Thomas1, Graham Foster21Specialist Registrar in Gastroenterology, University College London Hospital NHS Trust, London; 2Queen Marys School of Medicine, Barts and The London NHS Trust, LondonAbstract: Nanotechnology is the application of nanotechnology within medicine. An illustration of this is the use of pegylation as a means of modifying naturally occurring proteins which may have clinical applications, in order to improve the pharmacodynamics of the protein resulting in an effective medication. An example of this is pegylated interferon. The purpose of this review is to examine the chemistry, clinical pharmacology...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Motexafin gadolinium injection for the treatment of brain metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sayana R Thomas, Deepak KhuntiaDepartment of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USAAbstract: Despite recent advances in technology, targeting, and chemotherapy, brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a significant problem. The vast majority of patients with this diagnosis undergo whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). However, outcomes are still quite poor with median survivals measured in only months. In an effort to enhance outcomes from external beam radiation treatments, radiosensitizers have been investigated. Motexafin gadolinium (MGd) (Xcytrin®, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) is ...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Targeting nanomedicines in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: focus on certolizumab pegolEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Theresa Barnes, Robert MootsAcademic Rheumatology, University of Liverpool, UKAbstract: Anti-TNFα therapy has revolutionized the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases. These drugs are powerful and expensive. A new anti-TNFα agent, a nanomolecule comprising a humanized Fab' antibody fragment against TNFα with a polyethylene glycol tail, is shortly to complete phase III trials in RA. In this review we will discuss the construct of this new molecule, data from trials so far, and its potential place in the market place.Keywords: certolizumab pegol, TNFα, rheumatoid a...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate in cancer pain management: a practical application of nanotechnologyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Kyriaki Mystakidou1, Eleni Tsilika1, Marinos Tsiatas2, Lambros Vlahos31Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; 2Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 3Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, GreeceAbstract: Pain is experienced by most cancer patients and represents an important issue in the clinical setting. Breakthrough pain is a transitory flare of pain that occurs in most cancer patients on a background of otherwise cont...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal sustained release device – a new addition to the armamentarium of uveitic managementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Matthew V Brumm, Quan Dong NguyenWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USAAbstract: Uveitis is a potentially sight-threatening inflammatory eye disease caused by multiple infectious and non-infectious etiologies for which the standard of care involves corticosteroids or various immunomodulary therapy (IMT) drugs. These available treatments, although effective, may cause significant morbidity and sometimes mortality in uveitis patients due to their toxic side-effects and the necessity of long-term therapy to prevent recurrences. In order to avoid the systemic toxicity of cor...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Nanomedicines in the treatment of emesis during chemotherapy: focus on aprepitantEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ian Olver1, Suhas Shelukar2, Karen C Thompson21The Cancer Council Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2001; 2Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania, USAAbstract: Aprepitant, a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors, is the active ingredient of EMEND® which has recently been approved by the FDA for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Aprepitant undergoes extensive metabolism, primarily via CYP3A4 mediated oxidation. It is eliminated primarily by metabolism and is not renally excreted. The apparent terminal half-life in humans range...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Nanomedicines in the treatment of anemia in renal disease: focus on CERA (Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Usha Panchapakesan, Siska Sumual, Carol PollockDepartment of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Renal Research Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, NSW, AustraliaAbstract: Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with erythropoietin deficiency being the major contributing factor. The availability of erythropoiesisstimulating agents (ESAs) has been a seminal advance in the treatment of anemia related to chronic kidney disease. Over the course of the last decade and a half, newer generations of ESAs have become available. The first-generation...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Targeting nanomedicines in the treatment of Crohn’s disease: focus on certolizumab pegol (CDP870)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Lotte Dinesen, Simon TravisGastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UKAbstract: A variety of targets for therapeutic intervention are based upon advances in understanding of the immunopathogenesis of Crohn’s disease. Crohn’s disease is initiated by an innate immune response, which eventuates in a T-cell driven process, characterized by a T-helper cell 1 type cytokine profile. Several new treatments now focus on suppressing T-cell differentiation or T-cell inflammation. Since inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a state of dysregulated inflammation, drugs that augment the anti-inflammatory ...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Bioconjugated nanoparticle detection of respiratory syncytial virus infectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we show that functionalized NPs conjugated to monoclonal antibodies can be used to rapidly and specifically detect respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that functionalized NPs can provide direct, rapid, and sensitive detection of viruses and thereby bridge the gap between current cumbersome virus detection assays and the burgeoning need for more rapid and sensitive detection of viral agents.Keywords: RSV, virus, nanoparticle, bioconjugated, functionalized (Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine)
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Synthesis and characterization of nanoscale dendritic RGD clusters for potential applications in tissue engineering and drug deliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, nanoscale dendritic RGD clusters were synthesized based on Starburst™ anionic G3.5 and cationic G4.0 polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. The multiple terminal functional groups on the outermost layer of the dendrimer were coupled with RGD tripeptides. Biofunctionalized dendrimer structures were found to be highly dependent on the generation and the extent of peptide modification (ie, number of peptides per PAMAM dendrimer). Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated PAMAM dendrimers were utilized to monitor cellular internalization of dendrimers by adherent fibroblasts. Anionic G3.5-based dendritic RG...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Neurite development in PC12 cells cultured on nanopillars and nanopores with sizes comparable with filopodiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Furqan Haq1, Venkatramani Anandan1, Charles Keith2,4, Guigen Zhang1,3,41Micro/Nano Bioengineering Lab, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering; 2Department of Cellular Biology, 3Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, 4Faculty of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USAAbstract: We investigated the effect of nanoscale topography on neurite development in pheochromocytoma (PC12 cells) by culturing the cells on substrates having nanoscale pillars and pores with sizes comparable with filipodia. We found that cells on nanopillars and nanopores developed fewer and shorter neurites than cell...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Quantum dot-doped silica nanoparticles as probes for targeting of T-lymphocytesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Massimo Bottini1,2,4, Federica D’Annibale2, Andrea Magrini2, Fabio Cerignoli1, Yutaka Arimura1, Marcia I Dawson1, Enrico Bergamaschi5, Nicola Rosato3, Antonio Bergamaschi1, Tomas Mustelin11Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA, USA; 2NAST and Department of Environmental, Occupational and Social Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; 3NAST and Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; 4INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy; 5Department of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Health Sciences, University of Par...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Nanoparticulate carriers for the treatment of coronary restenosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Luis Brito, Mansoor AmijiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USAAbstract: The current treatment for coronary restenosis following balloon angioplasty involves the use of a mechanical or a drug-eluting stent. Despite the high usage of commercially-available drug-eluting stents in the cardiac field, there are a number of limitations. This review will present the background of restenosis, go briefly into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of restenosis, the use of mechanical stents in coronary restenosis, and will provide an overview of the drugs and genes tested ...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Cell classification by moments and continuous wavelet transform methodsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Qian Chen1, Yuan Fan1,2, Lalita Udpa2, Virginia M Ayres11Electronic and Biological Nanostructures Laboratory, 2Nondestructive Evaluation Laboratory, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USAAbstract: Image processing techniques are bringing new insights to biomedical research. The automatic recognition and classification of biomedical objects can enhance work efficiency while identifying new inter-relationships among biological features. In this work, a simple rule-based decision tree classifier is developed to classify typical features of mixed cell types investigated by atomic force microsc...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Editorial: And the Award goes to… || FREE PAPER ||Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Donald T HaynieArtificial Cell Technologies, Inc., New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Chemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USAAbstract: For many, nanotechnology seems far removed from biology. There is none the less a sense in which nanotechnology was born of medicine. (Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine)
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Increased nanoparticle penetration in collagenase-treated multicellular spheroidsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effect of nanoparticle size and collagenase treatment on penetration of carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles was systematically assessed in a multicellular spheroid model. Penetration of the nanoparticles into the spheroid core was limited to particles smaller than 100 nm. Collagenase treatment of spheroids resulted in significantly increased penetration of nanoparticles up to 100 nm with only a minor increase in particle penetration observed for particles larger than 100 nm. Collagenase was immobilized onto the surface of nanoparticles for site-specific degradation of ECM proteins. Collagenase-coated,...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

RGD targeted poly(L-glutamic acid)-cystamine-(Gd-DO3A) conjugate for detecting angiogenesis biomarker ανβ3 integrin with MR T1 mappingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tianyi Ke1, Eun-Kee Jeong2, Xuli Wang1, Yi Feng3, Dennis L Parker2, Zheng-Rong Lu11Departments of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; 2Radiology and Materials Science and 3Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USAAbstract: Cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys [c(RGDfK)] targeted poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA)-(Gd-DO3A) conjugate with a biodegradable cystamine spacer was prepared and evaluated for in vivo detection of an angiogenesis biomarker, ανβ3 integrin, in neoplastic tissues with T1 mapping, a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. The binding activity of the c(RGDfK) contai...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Glutaric acid as a spacer facilitates improved intracellular uptake of LHRH–SPION into human breast cancer cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Challa SSR Kumar1, Carola Leuschner3, Michelle Urbina1,2, Tevhida Ozkaya1,4, Josef Hormes11Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; 2Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; 3Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; 4Chemistry Department, Fatih University, Istanbul, TurkeyAbstract: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) bound directly to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) have shown high efficiency for intracellular uptake to breast cancer ...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Intracellular degradation of microspheres based on cross-linked dextran hydrogels or amphiphilic block copolymers: A comparative Raman microscopy studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Henk-Jan van Manen1, Aart A van Apeldoorn2, Ruud Verrijk3, Clemens A van Blitterswijk2, Cees Otto11Biophysical Engineering Group, Institute for Biomedical Technology (BMTI), and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, The Netherlands; 2Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Institute for Biomedical Technology (BMTI), University of Twente, The Netherlands; 3OctoPlus, Zernikedreef 12, The Netherlands Abstract: Micro- and nanospheres composed of biodegradable polymers show promise as versatile devices for the controlled delivery of biopharmaceuticals. Whereas important properties such as drug release prof...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Characterization of electrospun nanocomposite scaffolds and biocompatibility with adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Seth D McCullen1,2, Derrick R Stevens3, Wesley A Roberts3, Laura I Clarke3, Susan H Bernacki1, Russell E Gorga2, Elizabeth G Loboa11Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; 2Fiber and Polymer Science Program, Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; 3Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Abstract: Electrospun nanocomposite scaffolds were fabricated by encapsulating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) in poly (lactic acid...
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals

Fibroblast response is enhanced by poly(L-lactic acid) nanotopography edge density and proximityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study furthers understanding of the geometric properties of surface nanotopographies that affect cellular response. It is hoped that identification of the mechanisms governing cell-topography interactions will allow rule-based design of biomaterial surface to engineer specific cellular responses.Keywords: nanotopography, replication, biomaterials, cell adhesion, roughness (Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine)
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine - May 22, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: journals