Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT)
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92 records returned
ANTICONVULSANT EFFECT OF SEED EXTRACT OF Caesalpinia bonducella (Roxb.)
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Conclusion: The present investigation revealed that, the PECB possessed anticonvulsant activity. This activity profile of PECB may be contributed to the presence of phytoconstituents such as saponins, proteins, homoisoflavone (bonducillin), carbohydrates and sterols present in the drug, as these are already reported for their anxiolytic and anti-convulsant activities.Keywords: C. bonducella, seed kernel, petroleum ether extract, anti-convulsant activity.
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 10, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Physicians in Appropriate Prescription of Organic Nitrates in IranEmail this article to a colleague.
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The objective of the present study was to define the pattern of organic nitrates administration by Iranian physicians. To investigate the pattern of organic nitrates prescription, 42000 written prescriptions by physicians were reviewed and 345 of those which had at least one nitrate drug in, were considered. Also, a questionnaire was designed and the responses of 54 physicians were collected.Results showed that nitroglycerine 6.4 mg was the most prescribed oral form and isosorbide 40 mg was the least. No spray and topical forms had been prescribed. The most written times of usage were three times a day. Asymmetric pattern ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 10, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Anti-Ulcer and anti-secretory Properties of the Butea Monosperma (Lam) Bark Extract with Relation to anti-oxidant StudiesEmail this article to a colleague.
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To investigate the ulcer protective and antisecretory properties of the methanolic extract of Butea monosperma (BM) bark with relation to antioxidant studies. The study was done on male albino rats. Gastric ulcers were induced by Aspirin, Alcohol and Pylorous ligation. Lansoprazole was used as the standard drug for comparison. The free radical scavenging potential of the bark of BM extract was studied by using different In vitro antioxidant models of screening. The methanolic extract at 500µg/ml showed maximum free radical scavenging was estimated by lipid per oxidation, reducing power, superoxid anion and hydr...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities of Turnera ulmifolia (Linn.) leaves in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The methanolic extract of leaves of Turnera ulmifolia L herbal plant was evaluated for effect on blood glucose against alloxan -induced diabetic and hypoglycemic effect in euglycemic rats. The extract were administered at three doses level 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg,p.o. and standard drug glibenclamide 10 mg/kg,p.o. compared with diabetic control group. In euglycemic rat, extract were administered at three doses level 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg,p.o. and standard drug glibenclamide 10 mg/kg,p.o. compared with control . Extract 200 mg/kg,p.o. possessed significantly and dose at 400 mg/kg,p.o and standard drug possessed more si...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Study on phytochemical profile and antiepileptic activity of inner bark of Guettarda speciosa (L.)Email this article to a colleague.
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This study predicted possible mechanism of the formulation mediated through chloride channel of the GABA or benzodiazepine receptor complex .However, the exact mechanism of action is not clear, but attributed to its antiepileptic effect. The ethanol extract of the inner bark of G.speciosa (L.) deserve further investigation for detailed elucidation of active constituents and the mechanisms of action.Keywords: Antiepileptic activity, Traditional Medicine, Guettarda Speciosa, MES, PTZ,
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Zinc supplementation during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes: a randomized controlled trialEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Supplementation with 50mg elemental zinc during pregnancy improved birth weight but did not reduce maternal complications. More evidences on this subject are required in other developing countries. Key words: Zinc Supplementation, Pregnancy Outcome, Maternal Complications
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Protective effect of Ephedra nebrodensis on Doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic with broad spectrum anti-tumour activity. Its effectiveness has been limited by the occurrence of dose related myocardial and bone marrow toxicity. As oxidative stress is the main factor in DOX induced cardiotoxicity, we presumed that agents which enhance endogenous antioxidants can prevent DOX induced cardiotoxicity. Animals received either DOX (3 mg/kg, i.p.) every other day or combination of Ephedra nebrodensis (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and DOX or Ephedra nebrodensis (200 mg/kg, p.o.) extract alone for 2 weeks. Vitamin E (25 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as a positive stand...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
ANTINOCICEPTIVE ACTIVITY OF Trigonella foenum-graecum LEAVES AND SEEDS (FABACEAE)Email this article to a colleague.
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Present study reports effect of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of leaves and seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn. (Fabaceae) on nociceptive response using hot plate method and writhing test in mice. All the extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum showed significant central and peripheral analgesic activity in hot plate method and acetic acid-induced writhing test, respectively, at the dose of 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Methanolic extract of leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum showed highest increase in reaction time in hot plate method and more inhibitory effect on writhing indu...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Hepato-Protective activity of Phyllanthus simplex Retz in CCl4-induced Hepato-toxicity in albino ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The aqueous extract of the dried aerial parts of Phyllanthus simplex Retz (Euphorbiaceae) was used to study the hepato-protective activity against CCl4-induced hepato-toxicity in albino rats. The extract have shown significant activity by lowering the serum SGPT level but showed insignificant in lowering SGOT level. Silymarin was used as a reference material to study hepato-protective potential of the extract.
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Hypoglycemic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Cinnamomum tamala Leaves in Normal and Streptozotocin Diabetic RatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Indian traditional system of medicine has been used plants and herbs for treatment of diabetes since time of Vedic glory. In this regard many plants still untouched, having remarkable efficacy. The blood sugar lowering effect of 95% ethanolic extract of C. tamala (Hamm.) Nees. & Eberm., leaves was investigated at single oral dose of 250mg/kg body weight in normal fasted, fed, glucose loaded and streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino rats. Further, effect of crude extract was studied on muscle glycogen content and histology of pancreatic β-cells granularity of normal rats. Significant blood glucose lowering wa...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Effect of Methotrexate on NOR Expression in Liver of Wistar RatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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To evaluate the NOR expression and histopathological changes in rat’s liver treated with methotrexate. Male Wistar rats aged 4 months, maintained in our institution were used in the present study. Animals were injected intraperitonealy with 3 different doses of methotrexate in alternative days for one week and the animals were sacrificed on the seventh day by using ether. Paraffin slides were prepared and histopathology as well as AgNOR studies were done. In the histopathological study liver showed disruption of normal hepatic plates, vaculation of the hepatocytes, nuclear variability and enlarged blood vessels...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
A Critical Analysis of the Management of Typhoid Fever (TF) in a Tertiary care hospitalEmail this article to a colleague.
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Enteric fever is endemic in many parts of the third world. In India, it is the fifth most common infectious disease. With increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones and re-emergence of chloramphenicol , the policy of empirical treatment of TF needs to be rationalized. To compare the prescription pattern for two successive years. To study the change in trend in the prescription pattern. To rationalize prescription and to check the rationality of the use of drugs. A retrospective analysis of the management of all the cases of TF during the year 2002 & 2003 was done at our hospital. ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Study on Antinociceptive Activity of Different Extracts of Peganum Harmala and Possible Mechanism of ActionEmail this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the different extracts of Peganum harmala had both central and peripheral antinociceptive activities that may be mediated by opioid receptors.
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Statins: Newer Roles Including Lipid Lowering TherapyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Statins are most effective pharmacologically agents to decrease total plasma cholesterol level by competitive inhibition of HMG-Co A reductase. Apart from the well-known LDL and cholesterol lowering effect, statins have been postulated to exert other beneficial effects also called pleotropic or non-lipid effects. Better understanding of various pleotropic effects of statins has prompted a new surge of interest in their use to treat or prevent a wide range of chronic and life threatening disorders. Their effectiveness in treating these disorders suggests that the benefits of statins may not be limited to cholesterol lowerin...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - May 24, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Neuropharmacological Effect of the Rhizome of Drynaria quercifolia in MiceEmail this article to a colleague.
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The neuropharmacological effect of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of ethanol extract of the rhizome of Drynaria quercifolia J. Smith were studied in mice by intraperitoneal administration. The tests used were determination of effect on duration of diazepam-induced sleep, determination of effect on nikethamide-induced toxicity, light-dark test and force swimming test. The duration of diazepam-induced sleep was extended by administration of these fractions. Nikethamide at high dose cause death of mice and time to cause death of mice was delayed by administration of these fractions. In light-dark test and...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 24, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Protective effects of aqueous extract of M. Pruriens Linn. (DC) seed against gentamicin induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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In the present study, we investigated the effects of the aqueous extract of Mucuna pruriens against gentamicin (100 mg kg-1 per day for six days) induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in rats. Administration of gentamicin to rats induced a marked renal failure, characterized by a significant increase in urine volume and serum creatinine and urea levels. There was a significant decrease in body weight, urinary creatinine level and creatinine clearance in gentamicin treated rats as compared to control. The animals treated with gentamicin also showed a significantly higher kidney lipid peroxides and lower superoxide dis...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 15, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Effect of Arsenic on the Disposition Kinetics of Sulphadimidine and Protective efficacy of Pipali (piper longum) in CockerelsEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study was designed to evaluate pharmacokinetics of sulphadimidine in cockerels fed on subclinical dose of arsenic (100 ppm) in diet and to determine the protective efficacy following simultaneous dietary medication with Piper longum (pipli) (100 ppm) in a 12-week feeding trial. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined after single i.v. dose (50 mg/kg) of sulphadimidine in cockerels in three groups fed on 0 ppm arsenic(control), 100 ppm arsenic and arsenic plus powdered dried fruits of Piper longum (100 ppm each)), respectively, in ration for 12 weeks. The elimination half-life (t1/2 b, h), AUC (&mi...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 15, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Evaluation of Anti-pyretic Potential of Ichnocarpus Frutescens RootsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The methanol extract of Ichnocarpus frutescens R.Br. root (MEIF) was evaluated for its anti-pyretic potential on normal body temperature and yeast-induced pyrexia in albino rats. Yeast suspension (10 ml/kg body wt.) increased rectal temperature 19 h after subcutaneous injection. The MEIF, at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg body wt., p.o., produced significant reduction in normal body temperature and yeast-provoked elevated temperature in a dose dependent manner. The effect extended up to 5 h after the drug administration. The anti-pyretic effect of MEIF was comparable to that of paracetamol (150 mg/kg body wt., p.o.)...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Board of Consultants and advisorsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
“Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of Sudarshan Churna: A Polyherbal Formulation”Email this article to a colleague.
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Sudarshan Churna (SC) is very potent Ayurvedic medicine; composed of 42 medicinal plants, which is used traditionally in treatment of malaria, viral fever, and bacterial infection. The Present study was designated to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract of Sudarshan Churna (ASC) using the paper disc diffusion method. The ASC was found active against the gram-negative bacteria K. pneumoniae, E. coli, and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, P. vulgris and found less effective against gram-positive bacteria S. epidermidis and B. subtilis. The ASC shows significantly less effect against C. Albicans .
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Evaluation of wound healing potential of Chicorium intybus in rats as animal modelEmail this article to a colleague.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate ethanolic extract of Chicorium intybus for its wound healing activity in rats. The extract was tested on three groups of male Albino rats, consisting of six animals each, which were placed individually in cages. All animals were experimentally wounded in the posterior neck (2cm x 2cm). Normal saline was applied topically to wounds of Group 1 animals as placebo control. Wounds of Group 2 and 3 rats, were treated with ethanolic extract of Chicorium intybus at 50mg/mL and 100mg/mL concentrations. The extract accelerated wound healing in rats compared with controls. Complete wound ep...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Neuropharmacological activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus (euphorbiaceae) in some laboratory animalsEmail this article to a colleague.
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To determine the neuropharmacological activity of the leaf extract of Croton zambesicus in mice and chicks. The effect of aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus on thiopental sodium – induced sleeping time in mice, on gross locomotor activity (GLA) in 2-day old chicks and effect of extract on apomorphine - induced stereotyped behavior in chicks were evaluated. The aqueous extract (1000 and 1500 mg/kg), administered per os (p.o), prolonged the thiopental sodium - induced sleeping time in mice. Extract (20-40 mg/kg i.p) produced a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in GLA in 2-day old chicks in...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Effects of tramadol on electrocardiogram, mean electrical axis and respiration in Kagani goats (Capra hircus)Email this article to a colleague.
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The effects of tramadol on electrocardiogram (ECG), mean electrical axis and respiratory rates were studied in adult kagani goats after intramuscular administration of tramadol at 1 mg/kg b.wt. as a prelude to its clinical use as an analgesic in veterinary practice. The ECG was monitored by standard bipolar leads and discernible electrocardiographic features were observed in lead II. The normal electrocardiographic parameters in healthy goats were; P-wave (0.04 ± 0.005 mV, 48 ± 4.29 ms), QRS complex (0.38 ± 0.037 mV, 84 ± 2.86 ms), T-wave (0.11 ± 0.005 mV, 76 ± 1.28 ms), PR, ST, QT...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Effect of aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini Pulp on antioxidant defense system in streptozotocin induced diabetic ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini (Pulp) was investigated for its possible hypoglycemic and antioxidant potentials in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic wistar female rats. A single intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dose of 55 mg/kg body weight elevated the glucose levels more than 230 mg/dl after 3 days. Treatment with the aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini (Pulp) at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight resulted in significant reduction (p <0.001) in blood glucose levels. Body weights were significantly reduced (p <0.001) in STZ Induced diabetic rats when compared to normal rats, while in diabetic rats S....
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) from backwater clam Marcia opima (Gmelin)Email this article to a colleague.
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Heparin was isolated from whole clam tissue Marcia opima. Purification of multimilligram quantities of heparin from this tissue sample permitted a thorough examination of its anticoagulant activity characterization, which was partially purified by fractionation by anion exchange chromatography using DEAE cellulose column. The isolated crude and partially purified fractionated sample showed metachromatic shift while using azure-A. The sample also exhibited prominent anticoagulant activity. Mobility was analyzed by two different buffer systems using agarose gel electrophoresis. The fractionated molluscan GAG was also found t...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Analgesic, CNS Depressant and Anthelmintic Activity of Sarcostemma viminaleEmail this article to a colleague.
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Various extracts of Sarcostemma viminale were screened for central analgesic activity by hot plate test, peripheral analgesic activity by acetic acid-induced writhings, CNS depressant activity by pentobarbitone-induced sleep and locomotor activity testing methods and anthelmintic activity on the earthworms Pheretima posthuma. Results showed that petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts had good central analgesic activity; ethyl acetate and methanol extracts had good peripheral analgesic activity; chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts had good CNS depressant activity and methanol extract had good anthelmintic activity.
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of some 1, 3, 4 OxadiazolesEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of some carboxymethyl derivatives of oxadiazole-2-thiones, the antimicrobial effects of which have not yet been evaluated till date.
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - December 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Antioxidative Activity of Melia Azedarach Linn Leaf ExtractEmail this article to a colleague.
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The antioxidant activity of the melia azedarach was investigated in rats with ethanol-induced erythrocyte damage. Chronic administration of ethanol (20% w/v, 2 g/kg.p.o.,daily for four weeks) increased the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO), decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and reduced the content of glutathione (GSH). The concurrent treatment of ethanol-administered rats with melia azedarach (500mg/kg, p.o.) prevented the above ethanol-induced changes and the effect was compared with combination of vitamin E and C. It can therefore be suggested that the leaves of melia azedarach posses an e...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Antimicrobial Activity of Ketoconazole and Fluconazole against Metronidazole Resistance Strains of Helicobacter pylori: an In Vitro StudyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Resistance to drug such as metronidazole is one the commonest causes of treatment failure while eradicating Helicobacter pylori. Considering the safety of ketoconazole and fluconazole and their inhibitory activity on biosynthesis of fatty acids from cholesterol in cell membrane of H.pylori, the idea of their efficacy against H.pylori is raising. The aim of this study is to evaluate susceptibilities of metronidazole-resistant strains of H.pylori against two antifungal drugs, ketoconazole and fluconazole. In this prospective cross-sectional study, 35 isolates of H.pylori from patients with digestive disorders were recruited....
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 20, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Board of Consultants and AdvisorsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 20, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Protective Activity in Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity and Antioxidant Potential from Lippia nodiflora (Verbenaceae) in RatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Lippia nodiflora (MELN) in acute experimental liver injury induced by paracetamol (750mg/kg, b.w). MELN at the doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, p.o was administered for 7 days and biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin and total proteins with enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant level were recorded. MELN at both doses prevented the increase in liver weight when compared to hepatotoxin treated control. The...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 15, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Diabetes VS Herbal MedicinesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in the endocrine system. This dreadful disease is found in all parts of the world and is becoming a serious threat to mankind health. There are lots of chemical agents available to control and to treat diabetic patients, but total recovery from diabetes has not been reported up to this date. Alternative to these synthetic agents, plants provide a potential source of hypoglycemic drugs and are widely used in several traditional systems of medicine to prevent diabetes. Several medicinal plants have been investigated for their beneficial use in different types of diabetes and have app...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 15, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Wound Healing and Antioxidant Activities of Morinda Citrifolia Leaf Extract In RatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Morinda citrifolia (Noni) has been traditionally used for bone and wound healing. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Morinda citrifolia leaves on experimental wounds and lipid peroxide levels in rats. Effect of aqueous extract of leaves of Morinda citrifolia (200 mg/kg) on excision, resutured incision and dead space wound models were studied. Measurement of blood malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and histopathological studies were also carried out. There was a significant increase (p<0.0001) in wound contraction rate, tensile strength, granuloma breaking strength, collagen content, dry granu...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 6, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Anticonvulsant Activity of the Aqueous Leaf Extract Of Croton Zambesicus (Euphorbiaceae) In Mice and RatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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To determine the anticonvulsant activity of the leaf extract of Croton zambesicus in mice and rats, and in order to verify the traditional use of the plant in the treatment of epilepsy. The pentyleneterazole (PTZ) and the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) models were used for assessing the anticonvulsant effects of the aqueous leaf extract in mice and rats. In the PTZ test, the leaf extract (1000-2000 mg/kg p.o.) produced a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the onset of seizures in rats and mice compared with the control group. The aqueous extract (1500 and 2000 mg/kg p.o.) produced (42.9%) protection in rats, while (...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Effect of Prenatal Stress and Serotonin Depletion on Postnatal Serotonin Metabolism in Wistar RatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Prenatal stress in rats results in structural, physiological and behavioral alterations that persist in adulthood. Serotonin (5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter known to be involved in these prenatal stress-induced behavioral alterations. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of interrupted synthesis of 5-HT and immobilization stress during different gestational period on brain serotonergic system of male and female neonatal (postnatal day 15) and adult rats (60 days old). Pregnant rats were subjected to restraint stress three times daily for 45 min during day 3-14 (G 3-14) or day 14-21 (G 14-21) of pregn...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
In Vitro Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitory and Antimicrobial Activity of Phyllanthus Niruri (Euphorbiaceae) ExtractEmail this article to a colleague.
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The present work was designed to evaluate the in vitro lipid peroxidation inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extract of Phyllanthus niruri (MEPN) (Family: Euphorbiaceae). Lipid peroxidation was measured by the optical density of the prepared solutions (10-320 µg/ml) and then the percent inhibition was calculated. Ascorbate/FeSO4-induced peroxidation was inhibited by standard antioxidants such as L-ascorbic acid, Quercetin and MEPN. Moreover, the percent inhibition of the methanol extract was increased in a concentration-dependent manner. IC50 value for the MEPN, L-ascorbic acid ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
The Effect of Bubble Surface Charge on PhonophoresisEmail this article to a colleague.
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It is over several decades that ultrasound is used to enhance the transdermal drug delivery (phonphoresis). The mechanism of the enhancement is not fully understood and the ability of ultrasound on the enhancement for some drugs is unclear. The effect of continuous wave 870 KHz ultrasound at intensity of 1 W/cm2 for 15 minutes on transdermal absorption of piroxicam from solution and gel formulations in hairless rat skin was studied. Exposure to ultrasound increased the rate of diffusion from gel and solution of piroxicam to 10 and 3 times higher than that in skins not exposed to ultrasound. We strongly believe that the low...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Approach to Penicillin Allergy – A SurveyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Individual approaches to the diagnosis and management of penicillin allergy are practiced by clinicians. This cross-sectional survey of physicians was aimed at exploring their ways of dealing with diagnosis and management of penicillin G allergy. Of the 235 respondents, 63% believed patients’ self-reported history of penicillin allergy and avoided using penicillin G; 97% do so for patients whose allergic status was confirmed with positive skin test results. Researchers insist on skin testing for patients claiming penicillin allergy and for those whose allergic status was conf...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Electrical Lesion of Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta; An Alternative and Convenient Way to Generate the Animal Model of Parkinson’s DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague.
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The unilateral or bilateral lesion of the Substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) by chemical neurotoxins such as 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA) or 1- Methyl-4- phenyl -1,2,3,6 – tetirahydro pyridine (MPTP) are the most commonly and the main used methods for generating the animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). But these agents are expensive, dangerous, difficult to use and inaccessible conveniently due to the international economical sanctions recently in Iran. Hence investigation the alternative and possible way to solve these problems was based of this research. Forty eight animals were included in this study ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Antimicrobial Activity of Butea Monosperma Lam. GumEmail this article to a colleague.
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Gum of Butea monosperma is used to treat microbial and fungal infections in folk medicine. To validate this use, the in- vitro antimicrobial activity of petroleum ether and alcoholic extract of Butea monosperma gum was evaluated against various microbial strains such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeuriogenosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution technique. Both extracts showed significant inhibition against reference gram posit...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Anxiolytic, Antidepressant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Methanol Extract of Leaves of Momordica Charantia Linn (Cucurbitaceae)Email this article to a colleague.
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Methanol extract of dried leaves of Momordica charantia Linn (Cucurbitaceae) was investigated for anxiolytic, antidepressant and anti-inflammatory activities in animal models. Anxiolytic activity of methanol extract of dried leaves of Momordica charantia Linn was tested by elevated plus maze test and the results showed a significant anxiolytic effect comparable, with diazepam in all the tested doses. Behaviour despair test was used to assess antidepressant activity of methanol extract of M. charantia Linn leaves. The extract treatment showed antidepressant effect by decreasing mobility time of subjected rats to forced swim...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - October 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Evaluation of the Effect of Onosma Bracteatum Wall (Boraginaceae) On Bronchial Hyperreactivity in Sensitized Guinea PigsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. The available treatment options have major limitations owing to low efficacy, associated adverse events and compliance issues. Therefore, the health burden of bronchial asthma is increasing globally at an alarming rate, providing a strong impetus for the development of new therapeutics. Onosma bracteatum (O. bracteatum) is known traditionally in Ayurveda to possess anti-asthmatic activity. Hence, the present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect of aerial parts of O. bracteatum on bronchial hyperreactivity by various in vivo and in vitro experimental m...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - August 2, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Euphorbia tirucalliEmail this article to a colleague.
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Treatment of diseases with natural remedies is gaining popularity because of its fewer side effects. A systemic and scientific investigation of aqueous extract of Euphorbia tirucalli for its antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential against carbon-tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rats was carried out. Antioxidant property was assessed by using reducing property, superoxide anion scavanging and hydroxyl radical scavenging property. Hepato-protective property was assessed by measuring the extent of reversal of enhanced biochemical markers of hepatitis, like Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase, Serum Glutamate...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - August 2, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Antitumour Activity of Hibiscus tiliaceus Linn. RootsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate antitumour activity of the roots of Hibiscus tiliaceus Linn. against Dalton’s Ascitic Lymphoma (DAL) in Swiss albino mice. A significant enhancement of mean survival time (MST) of H. tiliaceus treated tumour bearing mice was found with respect to control group. H. tiliaceus treatment was found to enhance peritoneal cell counts. When these H. tiliaceus treated animals underwent intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation with DAL cells, tumour cell growth was found to be inhibited. The results indicated that, H. tiliaceus treated group were able to reverse the haematological parameters, pr...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - July 8, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Spectrophotometric Determination of Corticosteroids and Its Application in Pharmaceutical FormulationEmail this article to a colleague.
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A simple, sensitive and economically viable spectrophotometric method for the determination of corticosteroids (predinsolone {PSL}, dexamethasone {DEX}, prednisone {PS}, betamethasone sodium phosphate {BEP} and hydrocortisone {HYD} has been developed. The method involves the oxidation of corticosteroids by iron (III) and subsequent complexation of iron (II) with potassium hexacynoferrate (III), forming bluish green colored complex having the maximum absorbance at 780 nm. The method has been applied for the determination of above-mentioned corticosteroids in pharmaceutical formulations. The common excipients do not interfer...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - July 1, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Studies of In-Vitro Amlodipine and Arsenic Displacement Interaction at Binding Sites of Bovine Serum AlbuminEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study, the binding of amlodipine (a Ca++ channel Blocker) and arsenic (metalloid) to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by equilibrium dialysis(ED) method in order to have an insight into their binding chemistry to BSA. Free amlodipine concentration was increased due to addition of arsenic which reduced the binding of the compounds to BSA. However, the free fraction was not increased to a level as it was expected from direct competitive displacement. The free amlodipine concentration was increased according to increasing the amlodipine concentration when only the BSA was present. When the binding sites were blo...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - July 1, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Hepatoprotective Activity of Camellia Sinensis and Its Possible Mechanism of ActionEmail this article to a colleague.
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The present study appraised the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Camellia sinensis leaves and its possible mechanism of action against carbon-tetrachloride-induced liver damage. Liver damage was induced by intraperitoneal administration of equal mixture of carbon tetrachloride and olive oil (50 % v/v, 0.5 ml/kg ) in male Wistar rats (150-220g) once daily for 7 days and the extent of damage was studied by assessing biochemical parameters such as alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein and albumin in serum and concentrations of l...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - June 17, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Pathophysiology of Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Myocardial Injury: What We Have Learned From Preconditioning and Postconditioning?Email this article to a colleague.
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Organ damage after reperfusion of previously viable ischemic tissues is defined as ischemia/reperfusion injury. The pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury involves cellular effect of ischemia, reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cascade. Protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury may be achieved by preconditioning or postconditioning. In this review, we discuss basic mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Moreover, the pharmacology of preconditioning and postconditioning is delineated.
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - June 17, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Medicinal Uses and Pharmacological Actions of Five Commonly Used Indian Medicinal Plants: A Mini-ReviewEmail this article to a colleague.
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Man depends heavily on various plant species for his survival. Indian traditional system of medicine is based on empirical knowledge of the observations and the experience over millennia and more than 5000 plants are used by different ethnic communities in India. During the last few decades there has been an increasing interest in the study of medicinal plants and their traditional use in different parts of India. The present communication constitutes a review on the medicinal properties, ethnomedicinal uses and pharmacological activities of five common medicinal plants (Acalypha indica L., Achyranthes aspera L., Adhatoda ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - June 9, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
Influence of N-Phthaloyl GABA on the Circadian Rhythms of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidants in Wistar Rats under Constant LightEmail this article to a colleague.
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ABSTRACT N-Phthaloyl GABA was administrated daily (50 mg/Kg body weight-i.p) to Wistar rats for 21 days and circadian rhythms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were studied under constant light (LL) conditions. Delayed acrophase of TBARS and advanced acrophase of antioxidants (GSH, CAT and SOD) were found in LL-exposed groups as compared with control rats. LL-exposed rats showed increased mesor of TBARS and decreased mesor of antioxidants. Administrations of GABA reversed all the changes in circadian rhy...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (IJPT) - June 1, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals
