Imaging evaluation and volumetric measurement of the space surrounding the diploic veins
ConclusionThe volume of the space surrounding the diploic veins was measurable and, in contrast to the volume of the PSD, was greater in younger participants. This space may be related to intracranial excretory mechanisms and immune responses during youth, requiring further research. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 26, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
To identify important MRI features to differentiate hepatic mucinous cystic neoplasms from septated hepatic cysts based on random forest
ConclusionFour out of 18 MRI features were extracted as reliably important factors to differ hepatic MCNs from septated HC. The combination of these four features in a RF model could achieve satisfactory diagnostic efficacy. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 26, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Endometriosis, a common but enigmatic disease with many faces: current concept of pathophysiology, and diagnostic strategy
AbstractEndometriosis is a benign, common, but controversial disease due to its enigmatic etiopathogenesis and biological behavior. Recent studies suggest multiple genetic, and environmental factors may affect its onset and development. Genomic analysis revealed the presence of cancer-associated gene mutations, which may reflect the neoplastic aspect of endometriosis. The management has changed dramatically with the development of fertility-preserving, minimally invasive therapies. Diagnostic strategies based on these recent basic and clinical findings are reviewed. With a focus on the presentation of clinical cases, we di...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
FDG uptake in the cervical muscles after neck dissection: imaging features and postoperative natural course on 18F ‑FDG‑PET/CT
ConclusionsIncreased postoperative uptakes in the cervical muscles were observed on the dissected side in approximately half of the patients after neck dissection. The SUVmax in the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles decreased after surgery over time. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Association between interstitial lung abnormality and mortality in patients with esophageal cancer
ConclusionILAs were significantly associated with shorter survival in patients with esophageal cancer. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The role of interventional radiology and molecular imaging for near infrared photoimmunotherapy
AbstractNear infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a recently approved cancer therapy for recurrent head and neck cancer. It involves the intravenous administration of an antibody-photoabsorber (IRDye700DX: IR700) conjugate (APC) to target cancer cells, followed 24 h later by exposure to near infrared light to activate cell-specific cytotoxicity. NIR-PIT selectively targets cancer cells for destruction and activates a strong anticancer host immunity. The fluorescent signal emitted by IR700 enables the visualization of the APC in vivo using fluorescence imagi ng. Similarly, the activation of IR700 during therapy can be...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Involved-field radiotherapy in older patients with superficial thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: long-term outcomes and recurrence patterns
ConclusionsThe efficacy of IFRT was suggested to be comparable to that of standard treatments. Therefore, IFRT can be a promising approach for treating superficial ESCC in older adults, especially those with severe comorbidities. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 22, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Integrating AI in radiology: insights from GPT-generated reports and multimodal LLM performance on European Board of Radiology examinations
(Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 22, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Phase I/II study of stereotactic body radiotherapy boost in patients with cervical cancer ineligible for intracavitary brachytherapy
ConclusionThese findings suggested that a SBRT boost is more effective than the conventional EBRT boost and can be an important treatment option for ICBT-ineligible patients with cervical cancer.Study registrationThis study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000036845). (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Performance of postmortem CT in the diagnosis of natural death from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
ConclusionAs PMCT identified the cause of natural death by OHCA in only 30% of cases, its diagnostic performance must be improved. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The accuracy of large language models in RANZCR ’s clinical radiology exam sample questions
(Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Volume changes of diseased and normal areas in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease on inspiratory and expiratory computed tomography
ConclusionThe diseased lung in PF-ILD retained expansion capacity comparable to the normal lung, suggesting a negative impact on respiratory function. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Significance of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy for vulvar cancer: a Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group nationwide survey study
ConclusionsOur analysis revealed that CCRT should be recommended, especially for Stage III VC patients. Further studies are warranted to determine who benefits from CCRT, considering primary tumor size and LN status.The study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network (protocol number: UMIN000017080) on April 8th, 2015. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The performance of the multimodal large language model GPT-4 on the European board of radiology examination sample test
(Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - April 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The impact of large language models on radiology: a guide for radiologists on the latest innovations in AI
AbstractThe advent of Deep Learning (DL) has significantly propelled the field of diagnostic radiology forward by enhancing image analysis and interpretation. The introduction of the Transformer architecture, followed by the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), has further revolutionized this domain. LLMs now possess the potential to automate and refine the radiology workflow, extending from report generation to assistance in diagnostics and patient care. The integration of multimodal technology with LLMs could potentially leapfrog these applications to unprecedented levels.However, LLMs come with unresolved challe...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - March 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
