Suicidal thoughts and behaviour among South African adolescents living with HIV: can social support buffer the impact of stigma?
Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) are a high-risk population for suicidal ideation and attempts. Worldwide, suicide accounts for an estimated 6% of all deaths among young people, representing the second leading cause of mortality among females and the third among males aged 10 –24 years (McKinnon et al., 2016; Patton et al., 2009). Youth suicide is therefore a major global public health concern, especially in low and middle income countries (LMICs), which are home to around 90% of the world's youth and account for over 75% of global suicide deaths (McKinnon et al., 201 6; UNFPA, 2014). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Marisa Casale, Mark Boyes, Marija Pantelic, Elona Toska, Lucie Cluver Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Post-stroke depression and cognitive impairment: study design and preliminary findings in a Brazilian prospective stroke cohort (EMMA study)
Stroke, as well as, dementia and depression are conditions associated with high burden of disability (Feigin et al., 2017). Particularly after a stroke, depressive, symptoms and cognitive impairment are very often conditions (Almeida et al., 2007; Mirza et al., 2016; Tatemichi et al., 1994), that either separately or concomitantly, might affect stroke survivors interfering in their short and even long-term recovery (Kauhanen et al., 1999; Parikh et al., 1987; Robinson et al., 1984). PSD occurs in around one-third of stroke patients. (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Alessandra Baccaro, Yuan-Pang Wang, Miriam Candido, Adriana Bastos Conforto, Andr é Russowsky Brunoni, Claudia da Costa Leite, Geraldo Busatto Filho, Paulo A Lotufo, Isabela M Benseñor, Alessandra C Goulart Tags: Research report/Research paper Source Type: research
Stigma, grief and depressive symptoms in help-seeking people bereaved through suicide
The suicide of a significant other is considered to be a destructive experience causing great psychological pain in those left behind. Exposure to the suicide of a family member or friend can be a powerful, life-changing event for the person exposed. Each suicide directly affects at least six significant others, referred to as “Suicide Survivors” (
Shneidman et al., 1969). Overall, there are estimated to be 800,000 suicides per year throughout the world. Previous-year and lifetime prevalence of exposure to suicide is high - 4.31% and 21.83%, respectively (Andriessen et al., 2017). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: P Scocco, A Preti, S Totaro, PW Corrigan, C Castriotta, The SOPROXI Team Source Type: research
Genetic and Environmental Effects on the Development of Depressive Symptoms from Adolescence to Adulthood in a Nationally Representative Sample
Depression is a mental disorder with substantial negative implications on the quality of life throughout the lifespan (Hannigan, McAdams,& Eley, 2017). The presence of depressive symptoms can be already discerned in childhood (Horowitz& Garber, 2006); however, the rate of depression sharply increases during adolescence, with a one-year prevalence of 4-5% among adolescents aged 13-18 (Thapar, Collishaw, Pine,& Thapar, 2012), matching that of adults. Depressive symptoms in adolescence place individuals at risk for developing depression in adulthood (Horowitz& Garber, 2006). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Albert J. Ksinan, Alexander T. Vazsonyi Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Childhood Narcissism: A Call for Interventions
The past decades have seen a global shift toward greater individualism, with cultures increasingly valuing separateness and uniqueness over connectedness and similarity (Santos, Varnum& Grossmann, 2017). Such values may underlie narcissism, an everyday personality trait that exists throughout the population. Narcissistic children feel superior to others, believe they are entitled to privileges, and crave admiration (for an overview of its consequences, see Thomaes& Brummelman, 2016). When they receive the admiration they crave, they feel on top of the world; but when they do not, they feel like sinking into the ground —a...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Eddie Brummelman, Çisem Gürel Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Clinical characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea in bipolar disorders.
Worldwide, approximately 1% to 4% of people suffer from bipolar disorder (BD). BD is a severe mental disorder ranking as the fourth most important contributor to the global disease burden among psychiatric, neurological and substance-use disorders (Collins et al., 2011; Merikangas et al., 2007). Whereas BD has traditionally been defined by recurrences of manic and depressive episodes, it is now recognized that BD patients also present with persistent abnormalities between mood episodes (such as cognitive deficits, cardio-vascular diseases, altered sleep homeostasis and circadian dysregulation), leading to conceptualization...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Pierre A. Geoffroy, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud Franchi, Julia Maruani, Pierre Philip, Carole Boudebesse, Chlo é Benizri, Sunthavy Yeim, Victoire Benard, Helena Brochard, Marion Leboyer, Frank Bellivier, Bruno Etain Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Childhood sexual abuse, poly-victimization and internalizing disorders across adulthood and older age: Findings from a 25-year longitudinal study
There is robust evidence that childhood maltreatment is associated with an increased risk of mental disorder in early and middle adulthood (Clark et al., 2010; Cougle et al., 2010; Fergusson et al., 2013; Kessler et al., 1997; Kessler et al., 2010b; Lee et al., 2010; Lindert et al., 2014; Scott et al., 2010). Furthermore, cross-sectional research indicates that associations between childhood maltreatment and mental disorder persist into late adulthood (Chou, 2012; Draper et al., 2008a; Easton et al., 2017; Ege et al., 2015; Kamiya et al., 2016; Raposo et al., 2014). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Charlene M. Rapsey, Kate M. Scott, Tess Patterson Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Alterations in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder Before and After Electroconvulsive Therapy Measured by Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations (fALFF)
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is an increasingly common mental disease and is of great concern. To some extent, several common treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy (Ritchey et al., 2011, Siegle et al., 2006) and antidepressant medication (Sheline et al., 2012) are effective for depressive patients. However, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is regarded as the most effective and rapid treatment for depression (Bouckaert et al., 2016, Husain et al., 2004, Kellner et al., 2016, Kellner et al., 2016), and it is a vital antidepressant treatment selection for most patients with MDD. (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Haitang Qiu, Xinke Li, Qinghua Luo, Yongming Li, Xichuan Zhou, Hailin Cao, Yuanhong Zhong, Mingui Sun Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Borderline Personality Disorder Traits and Suicide Risk: The Mediating Role of Insomnia and Nightmares
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by affect dysregulation, self-disturbances, and behavioral and interpersonal dysregulation (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Keng et al., 2018). The prevalence rates of BPD are estimated to be about 20% of all psychiatric inpatients, 10% of outpatients, and 2% of the general population (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Frances and Widiger, 1986; Gunderson, 1984; Park and Park, 1997; Swartz et al., 1989). Individuals with BPD or subclinical BPD often report engaging in a wide variety of maladaptive behaviors, such as nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI; Brown et...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Hilary L. DeShong, Raymond P. Tucker Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Light up ADHD: II. Neuropharmacological effects measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy: is there a biomarker?
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, and its worldwide prevalence among children and adolescents is about 5% (Faraone et al., 2015). ADHD's heterogeneous phenotypes are characterized by inattention, excessive motor activity, and high levels of impulsivity (American Psychiatric Association, 2013); these symptoms seem to arise from neurotransmission dysregulation or insufficient production of catecholamines within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and subcortical regions (Arnsten, 2006; Del Campo et al., 2011). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Grazioli Silvia, Mauri Maddalena, Crippa Alessandro, Maggioni Eleonora, Molteni Massimo, Brambilla Paolo, Nobile Maria Source Type: research
Diverse Pathophysiological Processes Converge on Network Disruption in Mania
Bipolar disorders are common and severe but their pathophysiology is poorly understood and existing treatments are only partially effective and provoke significant side effects(Chen and Dilsaver, 1996; Kessler et al., 1999; Leverich et al., 2003; Perlis et al., 2006; Slama et al., 2004). Many previous studies have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in humans to understand bipolar pathophysiology at the network and circuit level. Fewer studies, however, have compared bipolar participants across different symptomatic states. (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Ms Ivy Lee, Ms Ivy Lee Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Adult Outcomes of Childhood Disruptive Disorders in Offspring of Depressed and Healthy Parents
Disruptive disorders (DD) in childhood are associated with poor mental health and social outcomes in later life (Erskine et al., 2016; Sayal et al., 2015). The most common DDs are attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder (CD), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Although unique diagnoses (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), they share traits such as irritability and distractibility (Krieger et al., 2013), have quite high comorbidity (Moffitt et al., 2015), and commonly predict adulthood outcomes such as depression (Meinzer et al., 2013; Stringaris et al., 2014) and substance use (Copeland...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Alexandre Paim Diaz, Connie Svob, Ruixin Zhao, Baxter DiFabrizio, Virginia Warner, Marc J. Gameroff, Jamie Skipper, Jay Gingrich, Jonathan Posner, Priya J. Wickramaratne, Myrna M. Weissman, Ardesheer Talati Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Lithium monotherapy-induced tardive dyskinesia
Tardive dyskinesia is a movement disorder that develops during the course of long-term treatment with neuroleptic agents and is characterized primarily by choreiform, athetotic or rhythmic involuntary movements of mouth, face, trunk and limbs (Kane, 1995, Fountoulakis et al., 2006). Its onset is typically delayed, with symptoms first appearing only after years of treatment. It is reportedly affecting about 20-30% of patients treated with long-term neuroleptic medications, with 5% of them developing TD each year they remain on these drugs. (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis, Thomas Tegos, Vasilios Kimiskidis Source Type: research
Oligopeptidases activity in bipolar disorder: ndel1 and angiotensin i converting enzyme
Abnormal activity of two enzymes relevant to neurodevelopment, namely nuclear-distribution element-like 1 (Ndel1) and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), was reported in individuals with schizophrenia; to our knowledge, these oligopeptidases were never measured in bipolar disorder (BD). Aims: Evaluate the enzyme activity of Ndel1 and ACE in euthymic individuals with BD type 1 which was compare to healthy control (HC) group. (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 6, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Caroline Dal Mas, Michelle S. Carvalho, Lucas A. Marins, Camila M. Yonamine, Quirino Cordeiro, Roger S. McIntyre, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Elisa Brietzke, Mirian A.F. Hayashi Source Type: research
