Increased tissue oxygenation explains the attenuation of hyperemia upon repetitive pneumatic compression of the lower leg
This study shows that 1) the hyperemia induced by muscle compression produces a long-lasting increase in tissue oxygenation, 2) the hyperemia produced by subsequent muscle compressions exhibits different patterns of attenuation at different interstimulus intervals, and 3) the extent of attenuation of the compression-induced hyperemia is proportional to the level of oxygenation achieved in the tissue. The results support the concept that tissue oxygenation is a key variable in blood flow regulation. (Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - December 1, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Messere, A., Ceravolo, G., Franco, W., Maffiodo, D., Ferraresi, C., Roatta, S. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Acute hypoxia in a simulated high-altitude airdrop scenario due to oxygen system failure
This study was initiated by the Norwegian Army to evaluate potential outcomes during failure of oxygen supply, and to explore physiology during acute severe hypobaric hypoxia. A simulated HAHO without supplemental oxygen was carried out in a hypobaric chamber with decompression to 30,000 ft (9,144 m) and then recompression to ground level with a descent rate of 1,000 ft/min (305 m/min). Nine subjects were studied. Repeated arterial blood gas samples were drawn throughout the entire hypoxic exposure. Additionally, pulse oximetry, cerebral oximetry, and hemodynamic variables were monitored. Desaturation evolved rapidly and t...
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - December 1, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Ottestad, W., Hansen, T. A., Pradhan, G., Stepanek, J., Hoiseth, L. O., Kasin, J. I. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Shifting gears: dynamic muscle shape changes and force-velocity behavior in the medial gastrocnemius
This study determined how the in vivo changes in medial gastrocnemius (MG) fascicle velocity, pennation angle, muscle thickness, and subsequent muscle gearing varied as a function of force and velocity. To do this, we obtained recordings of MG tendon length, fascicle length, pennation angle, and thickness using B-mode ultrasound and muscle activation using surface electromyography during cycling at a range of cadences and loads. We found that that increases in contractile force were accompanied by reduced bulging in muscle thickness, reduced increases in pennation angle, and faster fascicle shortening. Although the force a...
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - December 1, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Dick, T. J. M., Wakeling, J. M. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Effect of a patent foramen ovale in humans on thermal responses to passive cooling and heating
Humans with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) have a higher esophageal temperature (Tesoph) than humans without a PFO (PFO–). Thus the presence of a PFO might also be associated with differences in thermal responsiveness to passive cooling and heating such as shivering and hyperpnea, respectively. The purpose of this study was to determine whether thermal responses to passive cooling and heating are different between PFO– subjects and subjects with a PFO (PFO+). We hypothesized that compared with PFO– subjects PFO+ subjects would cool down more rapidly and heat up slower and that PFO+ subjects who experienced ...
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - December 1, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Davis, J. T., Hay, M. W., Hardin, A. M., White, M. D., Lovering, A. T. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Corrigendum
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Tags: CORRIGENDA Source Type: research

Reply to Drs. Nuzzo and Barry
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Fregosi, R. F., Wagner, P. D. Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Editorial makes unsubstantiated claims about high-load resistance training
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Nuzzo, J. L., Barry, B. K. Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Reply to Drs. Pageaux et al.: Cognitive demand of eccentric versus concentric cycling
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Nosaka, K., Haynes, A., Chasland, L. C., Maiorana, A., Naylor, L. H., Green, D. J. Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

It is time to investigate acute and chronic perceptual responses to eccentric cycling
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Pageaux, B., Lepers, R., Casillas, J.-M., Laroche, D. Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Reply to Areta et al.: Time to withdraw and let the myth rest
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Gualano, B., Goncalves, L. d. S., Painelli, V. d. S., Yamaguchi, G., de Oliveira, L. F., Saunders, B., da Silva, R. P., Maciel, E., Artioli, G. G., Roschel, H. Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Inaccuracies in caffeine intake quantification and other important limitations in recent publication by Goncalves et al.
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Areta, J. L., Irwin, C., Desbrow, B. Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Reply to Drs. Henni and Abraham: Muscle oxygen content at exercise in patients with claudication
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Luck, J. C., Aziz, F., Sinoway, L. I., Muller, M. D. Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Muscle Oxygen content at exercise in patients with claudication
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Henni, S., Abraham, P. Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Last Word on Viewpoint: Origin of the forward-going "backward" wave
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Tyberg, J. V., Burrowes, L. M., Bouwmeester, J. C., Wang, J.-J., Shrive, N. G., Parker, K. H. Tags: VIEWPOINT Source Type: research

Commentaries on Viewpoint: Origin of the forward-going "backward" wave
(Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - November 22, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Hydren, J. R., Richardson, R. S., Symons, J. D., Mynard, J. P., Smolich, J. J., Ramos, J. S., Dias, K. A., Dalleck, L. C., Drummond, C., Westerhof, B., Westerhof, N., Zuo, L., Zhou, T. Tags: VIEWPOINT Source Type: research