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134 records returned

Acrylic Copolymers as Candidates for Drug-Eluting Coating of Vascular StentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of the present work is the synthesis and characterization of polymer materials showing good adhesion, drug loading, and delivery properties, for potential cardiovascular application. In particular, poly(methylmethacrylate-co-acrylic acid) copolymers are prepared in different compositions by a radical polymerization and investigated as potential materials to coat metallic stents and to carry out a local drug release. Films obtained by dissolving the copolymer in an appropriate organic solvent (also loaded with an anti-restenosis drug, such as tacrolimus) are investigated: physicochemical properties, adhesiveness to ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 23, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Silvestri, D., Cristallini, C., Gagliardi, M., Barbani, N., D'Acunto, M., Ciardelli, G., Giusti, P. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Effect of Cryoprotectant Incubation Time on Handling Properties of Allogeneic Tendons Prepared for Knee Ligament ReconstructionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study concludes that an 8-h cryoprotectant incubation time is detrimental to qualitative allogeniec tibialis posterior tendon properties. Both groups tended to improve with longer rehydration times, however the 8-h incubation group remained actively dehydrated as evidenced by its smaller diameter and poorer tissue handling properties. Suboptimally rehydrated tendons would be more likely to accrue damage during allograft preparation or during implantation. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 23, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Henson, J., Nyland, J., Chang, H. C., Caborn, D. N.M. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Enhanced Regeneration of Critical Bone Defects Using a Biodegradable Gelatin Sponge and {beta}-Tricalcium Phosphate with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examine the osteogenicity of a sponge biomaterial consisting of a biodegradable mixture of gelatin and β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) that bound bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) in critical-sized bone defects in rats. Gelatin-βTCP sponges containing either phosphate buffered saline or incorporating BMP-2 are implanted into 5 mm diameter bone defects created in rat mandibles. We assess the defects biweekly for 8 weeks following implantation. There is significantly higher osteoinductive activity and significantly more Gla-osteocalcin content at bone-defect healing sites treated with gelatin-βTCP spo...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 23, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Matsumoto, G., Omi, Y., Kubota, E., Ozono, S., Tsuzuki, H., Kinoshita, Y., Yamamoto, M., Tabata, Y. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Evaluation of Parenteral Depot Insulin Formulation using PLGA and PLA MicroparticlesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PLGA and PLA microparticles entrapping insulin are prepared by solvent evaporation method and are evaluated in diabetes-induced rat for its efficacy in maintaining blood sugar level from a single intramuscular dose. In vitro release of insulin from PLGA and PLA microparticles are 75.35 ± 1.73% and 67.536 ± 2.23%, respectively in 168 h (7 days). Released insulin from polymer particles are mostly in monomeric form without aggregation. Optimal use of stabilizers during particle formulation helps in reducing protein denaturation and thus results in stabilized insulin-loaded polymer particles. Intramuscular admini...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 23, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Naha, P. C., Kanchan, V., Panda, A. K. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Review Paper: Role of Aluminum in Glass-ionomer Dental Cements and its Biological EffectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The role of aluminum in glass-ionomers and resin-modified glass-ionomers for dentistry is reviewed. Aluminum is included in the glass component of these materials in the form of Al2O3 to confer basicity on the glass and enable the glass to take part in the acid—base setting reactions. Results of studies of these reactions by FTIR and magic-angle spinning (MAS)-NMR spectroscopy are reported and the role of aluminum is discussed in detail. Aluminum has been shown to be present in the glasses in predominantly 4-coordination, as well as 5- and 6-coordination, and during setting a proportion of this is converted to 6-coor...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - October 23, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Nicholson, J. W., Czarnecka, B. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Pluronic F-127 as a Cell Carrier for Bone Tissue EngineeringEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study is to report the effect of Pluronic F-127 on osteoblast viability and phenotype maintenance in vitro. MG-63 cells are suspended in Pluronic F-127, and MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, prostaglandin E2 production, collagen-I, and cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression are assessed up to 6 days. Pluronic F-127 leads to a significant decrease in osteoblast viability throughout the 6-day experiment, without altering osteoblast phenotype. The addition of platelet-rich plasma to the polymer/cell construct leads to increased cell survival. When supplemented with bioactive factors, Pluronic F-127 could p...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 3, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Brunet-Maheu, J.-M., Fernandes, J. C., De Lacerda, C. A., Shi, Q., Benderdour, M., Lavigne, P. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

A Nerve Cuff Electrode for Controlled Reshaping of Nerve GeometryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study is the development of a nerve electrode that reorganizes nerve geometry slowly and controllably. The Flat Interface Nerve Electrode (FINE) can reshape the nerve into an elongated oval and provide selective stimulation. However, the rate of closure of this electrode is difficult to control. The Slowly Closing - FINE (SC-FINE) is designed with an opening height larger than the size of the nerve to accommodate initial swelling. The electrode closes slowly to reshape the nerve into the desired flat geometry. The SC-FINE is created by combining the reshaping properties of the FINE and the controllable ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 3, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Caparso, A. V., Durand, D. M., Mansour, J. M. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Effects of Wollastonite on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-derived Stromal Cells in PHBV/Wollastonite Composite ScaffoldsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effects of wollastonite on proliferation and differentiation of human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (hBMSCs) have been investigated based on a polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV)/ wollastonite (W) composite scaffolds system. Cell morphology, proliferation, and differentiation were measured. The results showed that the incorporation of wollastonite benefited hBMSCs adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation rate. In addition, an increase of proliferation and differentiation rate was observed when the wollastonite content in the PHBV/W composite scaffolds increased from 10 to 20 wt%. Based ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 3, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Li, H., Zhai, W., Chang, J. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Surface Characterization and Cytocompatibility of Three Chitosan/Polycation Composite Membranes for Guided Bone RegenerationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, three chitosan/polycation composite membranes for guided bone regeneration are produced by blending chitosan with poly-L-lysine, polyethyleneimine, and poly-L-ornithine. For all composite membranes, the surface characteristics including surface topography, chemistry, and wettability are examined by atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle assay. Their cytocompatibility is also evaluated with MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells at cell, protein, and gene levels through cell biology assays, western blot, and RT-PCR analysis. On chitosan/poly-L-lysine composite membrane, MC3T3-E1 ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 3, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Zheng, Z., Wei, Y., Wang, G., Gong, Y., Zhang, X. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Evaluation of Biochemical the Two Cyanoacrylates: An Experimental Study in RatsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this work is to study the biochemical effect in liver and kidney 2, 14, and 28 days after applying different tissue adhesives. In a prospective longitudinal study, 20 adult rats are assigned to two groups. After making incisions in the buccal mucosa, n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate is applied to the first group and 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate (OCA) to the second. The biochemical parameters studied are: albumin (ALB), alanine aminotrasferase (ALT), amylase (AMY), total bilirubin (TBI), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), glucose, globulin, total proteins (TP), and the ions calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and potass...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 3, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Lopez-Jornet, P., Camacho-Alonso, F., Gomez-Garcia, F. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Free Bioverit (R) II Implants Coated with a Nanoporous Silica Layer in a Mouse Ear Model -- A Histological StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the suitability of a mouse middle ear model for testing ossicular replacement materials. Twenty-four BALB/c mice are implanted with the bioglass-ceramic Bioverit® II which is coated with a silica-nanostructure or with plain Bioverit® II as a control. After 2, 6, and 12 weeks, 4 mice per group are sacrificed and both complete petrous bones are analyzed histologically. All implants revealed in situ an incipient growth of thin connective tissue layers over the surface, followed by a spreading of epithelial cells. The osseogenic response which is increasing with time is more i...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 1, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Vogt, J. C., Brandes, G., Ehlert, N., Behrens, P., Nolte, I., Mueller, P. P., Lenarz, T., Stieve, M. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Incorporation and Immunogenicity of Cleaned Bovine Bone in a Sheep ModelEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was conducted to determine if a novel cleaning process could extract antigenic material from bovine bone thereby improving incorporation. Cleaned bovine xenograft, untreated bovine xenograft and sheep allograft were implanted into the tibia of mature sheep for 12 and 24 weeks. Inflammation, bone integration and immunological reactions were evaluated via standardized assays. Cleaned bovine bone dowels induced significantly lower inflammatory responses (p<50.05) when compared to traditionally processed xenograft. Bone integration, measured by in situ biomechanics, was not different between cleaned bovine bone a...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 1, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Katz, J., Mukherjee, N., Cobb, R. R., Bursac, P., York-Ely, A. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

In vitro Degradation, Bioactivity, and Cytocompatibility of Calcium Silicate, Dimagnesium Silicate, and Tricalcium Phosphate BioceramicsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CaSiO3 (CS) ceramics have been regarded as a potential bioactive material for bone regeneration. Mg2SiO4 (M2S) ceramic has been reported as a novel bioceramic with higher mechanical properties and good biocompatibility recently. β-Ca2(PO4) 2 (β-TCP) ceramic is a well-known bioactive and degradable material for bone repair. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the effect of three bioceramics with different chemical composition on the in vitro degradation, apatite-forming ability in simulated body fluid (SBF) and cytocompatibility. The degradation was evaluated through the activation energy of Si or ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 1, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Ni, S., Chang, J. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Surface Modification of Bioactive Glasses and Preparation of PDLLA/Bioactive Glass Composite FilmsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In order to improve the homogeneous dispersion of particles in the polymeric matrix, 45S5, mesoporous 58S, and 58S bioactive glasses were surface modified by esterification reactions with dodecyl alcohol at reflux temperature of 260°C (named as m-45S5, m-mesoporous 58S, and m-58S, respectively). The modified particles showed better hydrophobicity and longer time of suspension in organic matrix. The PDLLA/bioactive glass composite films were fabricated using surface modified bioactive glass particles through solvent casting-evaporation method. Surface morphology, mechanical property, and bioactivity were investigated. T...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 1, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Gao, Y., Chang, J. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Bioactive Composites Consisting of PEEK and Calcium Silicate PowdersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we fabricate bioactive composites in which polyetheretherketone is reinforced with 0—50 vol% 30CaO · 70SiO2 (CS) microspheres. The prepared composites reinforced with CS particles form hydroxyapatite on their surfaces in simulated body fluid. The induction periods of hydroxyapatite formation on the composites decrease with increasing amount of CS particles. The mechanical properties of the composites are evaluated by three-point bending test. The composites reinforced with 20 vol% CS particles show 123.5 MPa and 6.43 GPa in bending strength and Young’s modulus, respectively. (Source: Journ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 1, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Ill Yong Kim, , Sugino, A., Kikuta, K., Ohtsuki, C., Sung Baek Cho, Tags: Article Source Type: journals

C-Graft in Regeneration of Periodontal Tissue in Intrabony Periodontal Defect in DogEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of C-Graft particles on formation of new cementum and bone in periodontal bone defects in dog. Healing and tissue change were histologically determined at 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Little bone or cementum formation was observed in the control group. A statistically significant increase in bone and cementum formation was seen in the C-Graft group compared to the control group (75.4% vs. 44.9%, p<50.01, 80.4% vs. 46.7%, p<50.05, respectively). These findings suggest that C-Graft particles provide a scaffold for the regeneration of new bone and cementum. (Source: Journal ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 1, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Nakanishi, S., Ota, M., Shibukawa, Y., Yamada, S. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Development of Self-assembled Nanoceramic Carrier Construct(s) for Vaccine DeliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been extensively investigated as scaffolds for tissue engineering, as drug delivery agents, as non-viral gene carriers, as prosthetic coatings, and composites. Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated the immunoadjuvant properties of HA when administered with malarial merozoite surface protein-119 (MSP-119). HA nanoceramic carrier was prepared by co-precipitation method that comprises of sintering and spray-drying technique. Prepared systems were characterized for crystallinity, size, shape, and antigen loading efficiency. Small size and large surface area of prepared HA demonstrated good adsor...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 28, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Goyal, A. K., Khatri, K., Mishra, N., Mehta, A., Vaidya, B., Tiwari, S., Paliwal, R., Paliwal, S., Vyas, S. P. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Preparation and Evaluation of Nimesulide-loaded Ethylcellulose and Methylcellulose Nanoparticles and Microparticles for Oral DeliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study was designed to assess and compare with a range of surfactant-coated, nimesulide-free, and nimesulide-loaded ethylcellulose/methylcellulose (EC/MC) nanoparticles that were prepared by varying drug concentration (ED/MD), polymer concentration (EP/MP), and surfactant concentration (ES/MS). EC/MC nanoparticles prepared by desolvation method produced discrete particles and they were characterized by SEM, AFM, and FTIR studies. The particles mean size diameter (nm) ranged from 244 to 1056 nm and 1065 to 1710 nm for EC and MC nanoparticles, respectively. Studies on drug: polymer ratio showed a linear relationsh...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 28, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Ravikumara, N.R., Madhusudhan, B., Nagaraj, T.S., Hiremat, S. R., Raina, G. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Development of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polycarbonate Composite for Bone RepairEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) combined polycarbonate was synthesized by a novel method. The physical and chemical property of the composite was tested. The results indicated the n-HA a crystal has the similar grain size, phase composition and crystal structure as. TEM photos results show the n-HA crystals were uniformly distributed in the polymer matrix. Then, the chemical bond between inorganic n-HA and polycarbonate was investigated and discussed. Proliferation of MSCs/composite cultured for up to 11 days the adhesion were tested by MTT and SEM. The in vitro test confirmed that the n-HA/PC composite was bioco...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 28, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Liao Jianguo, , Zhang Li, , Zuo Yi, , Wang Huanan, , Li Jidong, , Zou Qin, , Li Yubao, Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Review Paper: A Review of the Cellular Response on Electrospun Nanofibers for Tissue EngineeringEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Electrospinning has been employed extensively in tissue engineering to generate nanofibrous scaffolds from either natural or synthetic biodegradable polymers to simulate the cellular microenvironment. Electrospinning rapidly produces fibers of the nanolength scale and the process offers many opportunities to tailor the physical, chemical, and biological properties of a material for specific applications and cellular environments. There is growing evidence that nanofibers amplify certain biological responses such as contact guidance and differentiation, however this has not been fully exploited in tissue engineering. This r...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 28, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Nisbet, D.R., Forsythe, J.S., Shen, W., Finkelstein, D.I., Horne, M.K. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

EditorialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - June 28, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Knowles, J. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Comparison of in vitro and in vivo Bioactivity of SrO--CaO--ZnO--SiO2 Glass GraftsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A range of calcium—strontium—zinc—silicate glass grafts are developed. Following characterization, their ability to form an apatite layer in simulated body fluid (SBF) is evaluated. Concurrently, their in vivo biocompatibility is determined. These glasses are incapable of forming an apatite layer in SBF. However, in vivo, each glass is well tolerated with new bone formation apparent in close apposition to implanted particles and no evidence of an inflammatory response. Such results are contrary to much of the literature and indicate that forecasting a materials ab...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - May 5, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Towler, M.R., Boyd, D., Freeman, C., Brook, I.M., Farthing, P. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Compatibility of Embryonic Stem Cells with BiomaterialsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Periodontal bone defects and atrophy of the jaws in an aging population are of special concern. Tissue engineering using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and biomaterials may offer new therapeutic options. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the compatibility of ESCs with biomaterials and the influence of biomaterials on the osteogenic gene expression profile.Therefore, ESCs are cultured with various biomaterials. The cytocompatibility of murine ESCs is measured regarding the proliferation of the cells on the materials by CyQUANT ® assay, the morphology by scanning electron m...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - May 5, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Handschel, J., Berr, K., Depprich, R., Naujoks, C., Kubler, N. R., Meyer, U., Ommerborn, M., Lammers, L. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Osteoblasts within 3D printed Poly-Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid ScaffoldsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the mechanical properties and microenviroment of 3D printed poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffolds are examined. Additionally, the proliferation and differentiation of human fetal osteoblasts are evaluated after 3 weeks of in vitro culture on the scaffolds. The results showed that the PLGA scaffolds examined had mechanical properties similar to that of trabecular bone, but was still much weaker compared to cortical bone. In addition to general porosity, the PLGA scaffolds also had micropores within macropore walls. Cultured human osteoblasts could proliferate upon seeding on the PLGA scaffolds. Alkali...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - May 5, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Zigang Ge, , Lishan Wang, , Boon Chin Heng, , Tian, X.-F., Kai Lu, , Tai Weng Fan, V., Jin Fei Yeo, , Tong Cao, , Tan, E. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Synthesis of Bioactive HEMA--MPS--CaCl2 Hybrid Gels: Effects of Catalysts in the Sol--Gel Processing on Mechanical Properties and in vitro Hydroxyapatite Formation in a Simulated Body FluidEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated synthetic conditions for the fabrication of bioactive hybrid gels from monomers of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) in combination with CaCl2, at a starting molar ratio of HEMA: MPS : CaCl2 of 9 : 1 : 1. Hydroxyapatite formation, essential to show bone bonding, was observed on the HEMA— MPS—CaCl 2 hybrid gels with the added catalysts NH3 or HCl with a molar ratio to MPS of 0.1, but not on the hybrid gel with HCl at a molar ratio to MPS of 1. The mechanical properties of the gels were dependent on t...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - May 5, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Uchino, T., Ohtsuki, C., Kamitakahara, M., Miyazaki, T., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Surface Treatment of Pure and PEG-4000 Blended Fibroin Films and their Characterizations as Matrices for in vitro Fibroblast CultureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study reports the effects of treatment with various concentrations of organic solvents for varying time points on matrices of fibroin, a silk protein isolated from the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori, which in native form has been extensively used in tissue engineering. Treatment of pure fibroin as well as polyethylene glycol- blended films with 90% organic solvent for 60 min induces optimal surface hydrophobicity and maximum conversion of the secondary structure from random coil to β sheet. Long-term cell viability studies reveal that methanol and isopropanol-treat...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - May 5, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Acharya, C., Dutta, A., Kundu, S.C. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Seeding Osteoblastic Cells into a Macroporous Biodegradable CaP/PLGA Scaffold by a Centrifugal ForceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aims to construct a hybrid biomaterial by seeding osteoblastic cells into a CaP/PLGA scaffold by a centrifugal force. Constructs are evaluated with respect to potential application in bone tissue engineering. Cells adher, spread, and form a layer of tissue lining the scaffold and are capable of migrating, proliferating, and producing mineralized matrix. We have demonstrated that the centrifugal force is highly efficient for constructing a hybrid biomaterial, which acts similarly to bone explants in a cell culture environment. In this way, these constructs could mimic an autogenous bone graft in clinical circumst...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - May 5, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Beloti, M. M., Tambasco De Oliveira, P., Perri De Carvalho, P. S., Rosa, A. L. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

ErratumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 27, 2009 Category: Materials Science Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Bovine Bone Screws: Metrology and Effects of Chemical Processing and Ethylene Oxide Sterilization on Bone Surface and Mechanical PropertiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We assess the effects of chemical processing, ethylene oxide sterilization, and threading on bone surface and mechanical properties of bovine undecalcified bone screws. In addition, we evaluate the possibility of manufacturing bone screws with predefined dimensions. Scanning electronic microscopic images show that chemical processing and ethylene oxide treatment causes collagen fiber amalgamation on the bone surface. Processed screws hold higher ultimate loads under bending and torsion than the in natura bone group, with no change in pull-out strength between groups. Threading significantly reduces deformation and bone str...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 27, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Haje, D.P., Volpon, J.B., Moro, C.A. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Controlling the Degradation of Covalently Cross-linked Carboxymethyl Chitosan Utilizing Bimodal Molecular Weight DistributionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we characterize chitosan derivatives formed using a combination of carboxymethylation and a bimodal molecular weight distribution. Specifically, chitosan is carboxymethylated to a theoretical extent of ~30% as described in our previous work, in which carboxyl groups possessing negative charges are created at a physiological pH. Carboxymethyl chitosan is used to form films and constructs by varying the ratio of high to low molecular weight (MW) while maintaining the mechanical properties of the polymer. The rate of degradation is found to be dependent upon both the carboxymethylation and the ratio of high to ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 27, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Lu Guangyuan, , Sheng Baiyang, , Wang Gan, , Wei Yujun, , Gong Yandao, , Zhang Xiufang, , Zhang Lihai, Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Friction and Wear Properties of Novel HDPE--HAp--Al2O3 Biocomposites against Alumina CounterfaceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In an effort to enhance physical properties of biopolymers (high-density polyethylene, HDPE) in terms of elastic modulus and hardness, various ceramic fillers, like alumina (Al2O3) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) are added, and therefore it is essential to assess the friction and wear resistance properties of HDPE biocomposites. In this perspective, HDPE composites with varying ceramic filler content (upto 40vol%) were fabricated under the optimal compression molding conditions and their friction and wear properties were evaluated against Al2O3 at fretting contacts. All the experiments were conducted at a load of 10 N for duratio...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 27, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Bodhak, S., Nath, S., Basu, B. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Structured Drug-eluting Bioresorbable Films: Microstructure and Release ProfileEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bioresorbable drug-eluting films can be used in many biomedical applications. Examples for such applications include biodegradable medical support devices which combine mechanical support with drug release and antibiotic-eluting film coatings for prevention of bacterial infections associated with orthopedic implants or during gingival healing. In the current study, bioresorbable drug-loaded polymer films are prepared by solution processing. Two film structures are studied: A polymer film with large drug crystals located on its surface (A-type) and a polymer film with small drug particles and crystals distributed within the...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - February 27, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Zilberman, M., Shifrovitch, Y., Aviv, M., Hershkovitz, M. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

A Phospholipid-modified Polystyrene--Polyisobutylene-- Polystyrene (SIBS) Triblock Polymer for Enhanced Hemocompatibility and Potential Use in Artificial Heart ValvesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene) (`SIBS') is selected for a novel trileaflet heart valve due to its high resistance to oxidation, hydrolysis, and enzyme attack. SIBS is modified using six different phospholipids and its mechanical properties characterized by tensile stress, peel strength, shear strength, contact angle, and surface energy, and then for hemocompatibility by studying the adhesion of fluorescently labeled platelets in a parallel plate chamber under physiological flow conditions. Phospholipid modification decreases SIBS tensile stress (at 45% strain) by 30% and reduces platelet adhesion by a factor...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - January 6, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Duraiswamy, N., Choksi, T. D., Pinchuk, L., Schoephoerster, R. T. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Modulation of Gene Expression of Rabbit Chondrocytes by Dynamic Compression in Polyurethane Scaffolds with Collagen Gel EncapsulationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Chondrocytes have been demonstrated to be sensitive to mechanical stimuli, such as compression, tension, shear force, and hydrostatic pressure. The responses of chondrocytes to mechanical compression have been often studied in vitro with cartilage and chondrocyte/hydrogel systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dynamic compression on gene expression of rabbit chondrocytes which were seeded in elastic polyurethane scaffolds with or without collagen gel encapsulation. Dynamic compression of 20% or 30% strain with 0.1 Hz frequency was applied to the cell-seeded scaffolds for 4, 8, 12, or 24 h, and the...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - January 6, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Wang, P.-Y., Chow, H.-H., Tsai, W.-B., Fang, H.-W. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

RhBMP-2 Microspheres-Loaded Chitosan/Collagen Scaffold Enhanced Osseointegration: An Experiment in DogEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study is to develop a novel recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) sustained release scaffold for dental implant osseointegration, and to evaluate the effect of this scaffold on promoting bone formation. RhBMP-2 was encapsulated in the poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) biodegradable microspheres, which were subsequently dispersed in a chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. This rhBMP-2 microspheres-loaded scaffold (S-MB) was compared with a chitosan/collagen scaffold without microspheres that directly encapsulated rhBMP-2 (S-B) in vitro and in vivo. The microstructure of the new scaf...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - January 6, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Shanshan Shi, , Xiangrong Cheng, , Jiawei Wang, , Wei Zhang, , Lin Peng, , Yufeng Zhang, Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Guar Gum as Potential Film Coating Material for Colon-specific Delivery of FluorouracilEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The potential of guar gum as a film coating material for colon-specific delivery of 5-fluorouracil is evaluated in this study. The guar gum-based multi-unit pellet system is prepared by coating guar gum and pH-sensitive polymer Eudragit FS30D sequentially around drug-loaded non-pareil cores in a fluid-bed coater. The outer Eudragit FS coating protects the system against gastrointestinal environment and dissolves rapidly in distal small intestine, where a lumen pH of over 7 triggers the dissolution of the enteric polymer. The inner guar gum coating works as a time-controlled retardant and offers additional protection of the...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - January 6, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Ji, C.M., Xu, H.N., Wu, W. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Electrohydrodynamic Jetting Behaviour of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane NanocompositeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study has identified a process and conditions which can be used in our stent coating research. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - January 6, 2009 Category: Materials Science Authors: Bakhshi, R., Edirisinghe, M.J., Darbyshire, A., Ahmad, Z., Seifalian, A.M. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Thanks to ReviewersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - November 7, 2008 Category: Materials Science Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Biological Properties of Crosslinked Salmon Collagen Fibrillar Gel as a Scaffold for Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the EDC-SC gel can be used as a scaffold to support HUVEC growth, although the integrin-mediated attachment manner differs between the two gels. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - November 7, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Nagai, N., Mori, K., Munekata, M. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Water Transport in Resin-modified Glass-ionomer Dental CementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Water uptake and water loss have been studied in a commercial resin-modified glass-ionomer cement, Fuji II LC, under a variety of conditions. Uptake was generally non-Fickian, but affected by temperature. At room temperature, the equilibrium water uptake values varied from 2.47 to 2.78% whereas at low temperature (12°C), it varied from 0.85 to 1.18%. Cure time affected uptake values significantly. Water uptake was much lower than in conventional glass-ionomer restorative cements exposed to water vapor. Loss of water under desiccating conditions was found to be Fickian for the first 5 h loss at both 22 and 12°C. Dif...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - November 7, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Percq, A., Dubois, D., Nicholson, J.W. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Effect of Sodium Carbonate Solution on Self-setting Properties of Tricalcium Silicate Bone CementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effects of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3 ) solution with different concentrations (10, 15, 20, and 25 wt%) as liquid phase on the setting time and compressive strength of tricalcium silicate bone cements are investigated. The in vitro bioactivity and degradability of the resultant Ca3SiO5-Na2CO3 solution paste was also studied. The results indicate that as the concentration of Na2CO3 solution varies from 0 to 25 wt%, the initial and final setting time of the cement decrease significantly from 90 to 20 min and from 180 to 45min, respectively. After setting for 24 h, the compressive strength of Ca3SiO5-Na2CO3 s...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - November 7, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Zhiguang Huan, , Jiang Chang, Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Cell Distribution in a Scaffold with Random Architectures under the Influence of Fluid DynamicsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fluid dynamic environment and scaffold architectures have an important influence on cell growth and distribution inside the scaffold. A porous cylindrical scaffold with a central channel is seeded with the sheep mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in this study. Then the cell seeded scaffold is continuously perfused with -MEM medium by a peristaltic pump for 7, 14, and 28 days. Histological study shows that the cell proliferation rates are different throughout the whole scaffolds. The different cell coverage is shown in various positions of the scaffold. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is used to simulate the flow ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - November 7, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Shanglong Xu, , Pingan Du, , Youzhuan Xie, , Yang Yue, Tags: Article Source Type: journals

In vivo Response of Bioactive PMMA-based Bone Cement Modified with Alkoxysilane and Calcium AcetateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The use of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cement is popular in orthopedics for the fixation of artificial joints with bone. However, it has a major problem with prostheses loosening because of coverage by fibrous tissue after long-term implantation. Recently, a bioactive bone cement has been developed that shows direct bonding to living bone through modification of PMMA resin with -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) and calcium acetate. The cement is designed to exhibit bioactivity, through incorporation of silanol groups and calcium ions. Thus, it has the potential to form a layer of bone-like hydroxyapati...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - November 7, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Sugino, A., Ohtsuki, C., Miyazaki, T. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Review Paper: Behavior of Ceramic Biomaterials Derived from Tricalcium Phosphate in Physiological ConditionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Various calcium phosphates are used for bone repair. Although hydroxyapatite (HA) sintered ceramics are widely used due to their osteoconductivity, its bioresorbability is so low that HA remains in the body for a long time after implantation. In contrast, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramics show resorbable characters during bone regeneration, and can be completely substituted for the bone tissue after stimulation of bone formation. Therefore, much attention is paid to TCP ceramics for scaffold materials for supporting bone regeneration. This paper reviews bioresorbable properties of calcium phosphate ceramics derived from ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - November 7, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Kamitakahara, M., Ohtsuki, C., Miyazaki, T. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Effect of Platelet-rich Plasma on the in vitro Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Distinct Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds: The Specific Surface Area Makes a DifferenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The in vitro effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on cell loading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is assessed on distinct resorbable and synthetic calcium phosphate scaffolds. A high specific surface area scaffold composed of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA; 48m2/g) is compared with one made out of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP; surface area <0.5 m2/g). Fivefold concentrated fresh PRP is applied to scaffolds loaded with 2 x 105 MSC (n = 5). These constructs are kept in a medium with osteogenic ...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 16, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Kasten, P., Vogel, J., Beyen, I., Weiss, S., Niemeyer, P., Leo, A., Luginbuhl, R. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

PHEMA Hydrogels Modified through the Grafting of Phosphate Groups by ATRP Support the Attachment and Growth of Human Corneal Epithelial CellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Converting the surface of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogel into a cell-adhesive surface has been successfully achieved through a method based on atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) grafting. Following activation of the surface hydroxyl groups of PHEMA by bromination, surface-initiated ATRP of mono(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate (MMEP) was conducted in a methanol—water system with Cu(I)Br as catalyst at room temperature. The conversion of PHEMA hydroxyl groups to brominated isobutyryl groups and the occurrence of grafting of PMMEP were confirmed by infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectros...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 16, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Zainuddin, , Barnard, Z., Keen, I., Hill, D. J.T., Chirila, T. V., Harkin, D. G. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Production and Characterization of Alginate Microcapsules Produced by a Vibrational Encapsulation DeviceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The optimization, through a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach, of a microencapsulation procedure for isolated neonatal porcine islets (NPI) is described. The applied method is based on the generation of monodisperse droplets by a vibrational nozzle. An alginate/polyornithine encapsulation procedure, developed and validated in our laboratory for almost a decade, was used to embody pancreatic islets. We analyzed different experimental parameters including frequency of vibration, amplitude of vibration, polymer pumping rate, and distance between the nozzle and the gelling bath. We produced calcium—alginate gel microb...
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 16, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Mazzitelli, S., Tosi, A., Balestra, C., Nastruzzi, C., Luca, G., Mancuso, F., Calafiore, R., Calvitti, M. Tags: Article Source Type: journals

Collagen--Chitosan Nerve Guides for Peripheral Nerve Repair: A Histomorphometric StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we have examined whether collagen—chitosan nerve guides promotes nerve repair compared to chitosan nerve guides using histological analysis. Results indicates that the enclosed structure of the nerve guide both promotes and supports axonal sprouting. Collagen—chitosan guides improved axonal maturation measured by a significant increase in axon diameter and axon area. These findings indicate that the collagen—chitosan nerve guides can be applied to repair severed peripheral nerve ends. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)
Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications - September 16, 2008 Category: Materials Science Authors: Patel, M., Vandevord, P. J., Matthew, H. W., De Silva, S., Bin Wu, , Wooley, P. H. Tags: Article Source Type: journals