Volatilomic profiles of gastric juice in gastric cancer patients
Volatilomics is a powerful tool capable of providing novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. The main objective of this study was to characterize the volatilomic signatures of gastric juice in order to identify potential alterations induced by gastric cancer. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, coupled with headspace solid phase microextraction as the pre-concentration technique, was used to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by gastric juice samples collected from 78 gastric cancer patients and two cohorts of controls (80 and 96 subjects) from four different locations (Latv...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - March 21, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Linda Mezmale, Daria Ślefarska-Wolak, Manohar Prasad Bhandari, Clemens Ager, Viktors Veliks, Veronika Patsko, Andrii Lukashenko, Emmanuel Dias-Neto, Diana Noronha Nunes, Thais Fernanda Bartelli, Adriane Graicer Pelosof, Claudia Zitron Sztokfisz, Raúl Mu Source Type: research

Machine learning enabled detection of COVID-19 pneumonia using exhaled breath analysis: a proof-of-concept study
This study demonstrates that a ML-based breathprint model using LAS analysis of exhaled breath may be a valuable non-invasive method for studying the lower airways and detecting SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens. The technology and the ML a pproach can be easily deployed in any setting with minimal training. This will greatly improve access and scalability to meet surge capacity; allow early and rapid detection to inform therapy; and offers great versatility in developing new classifier models quickly for future outbreaks. (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - March 13, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ruth P Cusack, Robyn Larracy, Christian B Morrell, Maral Ranjbar, Jennifer Le Roux, Christiane E Whetstone, Maxime Boudreau, Patrick F Poitras, Thiviya Srinathan, Eric Cheng, Karen Howie, Catie Obminski, Tim O ’Shea, Rebecca J Kruisselbrink, Terence Ho, Source Type: research

Metabolic insights at the finish line: deciphering physiological changes in ultramarathon runners through breath VOC analysis
In this study, we collected breath samples from a small group of elite runners participating in the 2019 Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc ultra-marathon. The final analysis included matched paired samples collected before and after the race from 24 subjects. All 48 samples were analyzed using the Breath Biopsy Platform with GC-Orbitrap ™ via thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine whether VOC abundances differed between pre- and post-race breath samples (adjusted P-value (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 12, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hsuan Chou, Kayleigh Arthur, Elen Shaw, Chad Schaber, Billy Boyle, Max Allsworth, Eli F Kelley, Glenn M Stewart, Courtney M Wheatley, Jesse Schwartz, Caitlin C Fermoyle, Briana L Ziegler, Kay A Johnson, Paul Robach, Patrick Basset and Bruce D Johnson Source Type: research

The optimization and comparison of two high-throughput faecal headspace sampling platforms: the microchamber/thermal extractor and hi-capacity sorptive extraction probes (HiSorb)
Disease detection and monitoring using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is becoming increasingly popular. For a variety of (gastrointestinal) diseases the microbiome should be considered. As its output is to large extent volatile, faecal volatilomics carries great potential. One technical limitation is that current faecal headspace analysis requires specialized instrumentation which is costly and typically does not work in harmony with thermal desorption units often utilized in e.g. exhaled breath studies. This lack of harmonization hinders uptake of such analyses by the Volatilomics community. Therefore, this study optim...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 5, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Robert van Vorstenbosch, Alex Mommers, Dani ëlle Pachen, Frederik-Jan van Schooten and Agnieszka Smolinska Source Type: research

Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation: a prospective cohort study
Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation (FC) have never been revealed. To address this, this prospective cohort was conducted with 100 FC patients, who were divided into a halitosis group and a negative group. Organoleptic score (OLS) ⩾ 2 in nose breath was diagnosed as extra-oral halitosis. Concentration of overall volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) measured by Halimeter, concentration of hydrogen sulfide (HS), methanethiol (MT), dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and their total amount measured by OralChroma in nose breath was recorded as C-VSC, C-HS, C-MT, C-DMS and C-sum respectively. We found th...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 1, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Xiao Xian Qian Source Type: research

Enterogenous extra-oral halitosis has a more severe impact on quality of life in females compared to males
Some studies have examined the impact of intra-oral halitosis on quality of life (QOL), but the impact of enterogenous extra-oral halitosis (EOH) on QOL has not been previously studied. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 88 patients with enterogenous EOH who visited our online halitosis clinic. A specialized halitosis associated life-quality test (HALT) questionnaire was used to assess QOL of these patients. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between HALT score and age. We found that 21 (23.86%) patients were male and 67 (76.14%) patients were female. HALT scores in ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 25, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Xiao Xian Qian Source Type: research

Exhaled breath is found to be better than blood samples for determining propofol concentrations in the brain tissues of rats
In this study, we measured CE, CP, and CB in mechanically ventilated rats injected with propofol. Exhaled breath samples from the rats were collected every 20 s and analyzed using our team ’s developed vacuum ultraviolet time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Additionally, femoral artery blood samples and brain tissue samples at different time points were collected and measured using high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The results demonstrated that propofol concentr ation in exhaled breath exhibited stronger correlations with that in brain tissues compared to plasma levels, suggesting its potential suita...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 24, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Xiaoxiao Li, Pan Chang, Xing Liu, Yi Kang, Zhongjun Zhao, Yixiang Duan, Jin Liu and Wensheng Zhang Source Type: research

Real-time breath analysis towards a healthy human breath profile
The direct analysis of molecules contained within human breath has had significant implications for clinical and diagnostic applications in recent decades. However, attempts to compare one study to another or to reproduce previous work are hampered by: variability between sampling methodologies, human phenotypic variability, complex interactions between compounds within breath, and confounding signals from comorbidities. Towards this end, we have endeavored to create an averaged healthy human ‘profile’ against which follow-on studies might be compared. Through the use of direct secondary electrospray ionization combine...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 23, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zachary Joseph Sasiene, Erick Scott LeBrun, Eric Schaller, Phillip Michael Mach, Robert Taylor, Lionel Candelaria, Trevor Griffiths Glaros, Justin Baca and Ethan Matthew McBride Source Type: research

How well does your e-nose detect cancer? Application of artificial breath analysis for performance assessment
Comparing electronic nose (e-nose) performance is a challenging task because of a lack of standardised method. This paper proposes a method for defining and quantifying an indicator of the effectiveness of multi-sensor systems in detecting cancers by artificial breath analysis. To build this method, an evaluation of the performances of an array of metal oxide sensors built for use as a lung cancer screening tool was conducted. Breath from 20 healthy volunteers has been sampled in fluorinated ethylene propylene sampling bags. These healthy samples were analysed with and without the addition of nine volatile organic compound...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 22, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Justin D M Martin, Falzone Claudia and Anne-Claude Romain Source Type: research

Effectiveness of breath acetone monitoring in reducing body fat and improving body composition: a randomized controlled study
When attempts to lose body fat mass frequently fail, breath acetone (BA) monitoring may assist fat mass loss during a low-carbohydrate diet as it can provide real-time body fat oxidation levels. This randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of monitoring BA levels and providing feedback on fat oxidation during a three-week low-carbohydrate diet intervention. Forty-seven participants (mean age = 27.8 ± 4.4 years, 53.3% females, body mass index = 24.1 ± 3.4 kg m−2) were randomly assigned to three groups (1:1:1 ratio): daily BA assessment with a low-carbohydrate diet, body weight assessment (body sc...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 18, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Seonggyu Choi, Minsuk Oh, Okimitsu Oyama, Dong-Hyuk Park, Sunghyun Hong, Tae Ho Lee, Junho Hwang, Hyun-Sook Lee, Yong-Sahm Choe, Wooyoung Lee and Justin Y Jeon Source Type: research

Non-invasive detection of renal disease biomarkers through breath analysis
Breath biomarkers are substances found in exhaled breath that can be used for non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of medical conditions, including kidney disease. Detection techniques include mass spectrometry (MS), gas chromatography (GC), and electrochemical sensors. Biosensors, such as GC-MS or electronic nose (e-nose) devices, can be used to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath associated with metabolic changes in the body, including the kidneys. E-nose devices could provide an early indication of potential kidney problems through the detection of VOCs associated with kidney dysfunction. This re...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 5, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Manoj Khokhar Source Type: research

A novel coupling technique based on thermal desorption gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry for breath analysis
Exhaled breath analysis is evolving into an increasingly important non-invasive diagnostic tool. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath contain information about health status and are promising biomarkers for several diseases, including respiratory infections caused by bacteria. To monitor the composition of VOCs in breath or the emission of VOCs from bacteria, sensitive analytical techniques are required. Next to mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is considered a promising analytical tool for detecting gaseous analytes in the parts per billion by volume to parts per trillion by volume range. This work...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - December 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hannah Schanzmann, Veronika Ruzsanyi, Parviz Ahmad-Nejad, Ursula Telgheder and Stefanie Sielemann Source Type: research

Impact of thermal desorption tubes on the variability of exhaled breath data
Due to the overall low abundance of volatile compounds in exhaled breath, it is necessary to preconcentrate the sample prior to traditional thermal desorption (TD) gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis. While certain aspects of TD tubes, such as volatile storage, have been evaluated, many aspects remain uncharacterized. Two common TD tubes, Tenax TA and Biomonitoring 5TD tubes, were evaluated for background content and flow rate variability. The data illustrate that the Biomonitoring 5TD tubes have the highest number (23) and abundance of background contamination greater than 3x the mean noise when compared to Tena...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - December 22, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Anne E Jung, Christina N Davidson, Christopher J Land, Aubrianne I Dash, Barlow T Guess, Heidi S Edmonds, Rhonda L Pitsch and Sean W Harshman Source Type: research

Device comparison study to measure nasal nitric oxide in relation to primary ciliary dyskinesia
This study aimed to compare nNO measurement using three different devices in distinguishing PCD patients from healthy controls and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and to evaluate their diagnostic precision. The study included 16 controls, 16 PCD patients, and 12 CF patients matched for age and sex. nNO measurements were performed using a chemiluminescence device (Eco Medics CLD 88sp), and two devices based on electrochemical sensors (Medisoft FeNO+ and NIOX Vero) following standardized guidelines. Correlation estimation, Bland –Altman, ROC curve, and one-way ANOVA were used to assess device differences and diagnostic perfo...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - December 13, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nils Oskar J õgi, Karin Ersson, Kjell Alving, Christina Krantz and Andrei Malinovschi Source Type: research

Preservation of exhaled breath samples for analysis by off-line SESI-HRMS: proof-of-concept study
Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS) is an established technique in the field of breath analysis characterized by its short analysis time, as well as high levels of sensitivity and selectivity. Traditionally, SESI-HRMS has been used for real-time breath analysis, which requires subjects to be at the location of the analytical platform. Therefore, it limits the possibilities for an introduction of this methodology in day-to-day clinical practice. However, recent methodological developments have shown feasibility on the remote sampling of exhaled breath in Nalophan ® bags prior to ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - December 13, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Rosa A Sola-Mart ínez, Jiafa Zeng, Mo Awchi, Amanda Gisler, Kim Arnold, Kapil Dev Singh, Urs Frey, Manuel Cánovas Díaz, Teresa de Diego Puente and Pablo Sinues Source Type: research