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Genetic Polymorphisms in Genes Related to Oxidative Stress (GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1, CAT, MnSOD, MPO, eNOS) and Survival of Rectal Cancer Patients after RadiotherapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Radiotherapy exerts part of its antineoplastic effect by generating oxidative stress, therefore genetic variation in oxidative stress-related enzymes may influence survival of rectal cancer patients. We hypothesized that genetic polymorphisms associated with higher amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that exaggerate cytotoxic activity could improve survival after radiotherapy. We followed 114 rectal cancer patients who received radiotherapy for an average of 42.5 months. Associations between genotypes (GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1, CAT, MnSOD, MPO and eNOS) and overall survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox p...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - November 4, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Retinoblastoma and the Genetic Theory of Cancer: An Old Paradigm Trying to Survive to the EvidenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is considered to represent the prototype of cancer linked to the sequential loss or inactivation of both alleles of a so-called “tumor suppressor gene”, the Rb1 gene. The pathogenetic mechanism behind this tumor was first hypothesized by Knudson in 1971 and further confirmed by others who identified the Rb1 gene whose loss or inactivation was claimed to be responsible for the disease. However, after about four decades of continuous research in the field of molecular biology, the evidence behind the role of the Rb1 gene in Rb appears to be seriously flawed in the light of epidemiological, bio...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - October 27, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Age-Dependent Cancer Risk Is Not Different in between MSH2 and MLH1 Mutation CarriersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Lynch syndrome is mostly characterized by early-onset colorectal and endometrial adenocarcinomas. Over 90% of the causal mutations occur in two mismatch repair genes, MSH2 and MLH1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the age-dependent cancer risk in MSH2 or MLH1 mutation carriers from data of DNA diagnostic laboratories. To avoid overestimation, evaluation was based on the age-dependent proportion of mutation carriers in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of identified mutation carriers. Data from 859 such eligible relatives were collected from 8 centers; 387 were found to have inherited the mutation from their...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - June 25, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Correlation of DNA Ploidy with Progression of Cervical CancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The majority of squamous cell carcinomas of cervix are preceded by visible changes in the cervix, most often detected by cervical smear. As cervical cancer is preceded by long precancerous stages, identification of the high-risk population through detection of DNA ploidy may be of importance in effective management of this disease. Here we attempted to correlate aneuploid DNA patterns and their influence on biological behavior of flow-cytometry analysis of DNA ploidy which was carried out in cytologically diagnosed cases of mild (79), moderate (36), and severe (12) dysplasia, as well as “atypical squamous cells of un...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - June 10, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Selected Apoptotic Genes and BPDE-Induced Apoptotic Capacity in Apparently Normal Primary Lymphocytes: A Genotype-Phenotype Correlation AnalysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Apoptotic capacity (AC) in primary lymphocytes may be a marker for cancer susceptibility, and functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in apoptotic pathways may modulate cellular AC in response to DNA damage. To further examine the correlation between apoptotic genotypes and phenotype, we genotyped 14 published SNPs in 11 apoptosis-related genes (i.e., p53, Bcl-2, BAX, CASP9, DR4, Fas, FasL, CASP8, CASP10, CASP3, and CASP7) and assessed the AC in response to benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-9,10-diol epoxide (BPDE) in cultured primary lymphocytes from 172 cancer-free subjects. We found that among these 14 SNPs...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - June 10, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Genetic and Epigenetic Tumor Suppressor Gene Silencing Are Distinct Molecular Phenotypes Driven by Growth Promoting Mutations in Nonsmall Cell Lung CancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Both genetic and epigenetic alterations characterize human nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the biological processes that create or select these alterations remain incompletely investigated. Our hypothesis posits that a roughly reciprocal relationship between the propensity for promoter hypermethylation and a propensity for genetic deletion leads to distinct molecular phenotypes of lung cancer. To test this hypothesis, we examined promoter hypermethylation of 17 tumor suppressor genes, as a marker of epigenetic alteration propensity, and deletion events at the 3p21 region, as a marker of genetic alteration. To model ...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - June 10, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Age-Dependent Cancer Risk Is not Different in between MSH2 and MLH1 Mutation CarriersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Lynch syndrome is mostly characterized by early-onset colorectal and endometrial adenocarcinomas. Over 90% of the causal mutations occur in two mismatch repair genes, MSH2 and MLH1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the age-dependent cancer risk in MSH2 or MLH1 mutation carriers from data of DNA diagnostic laboratories. To avoid overestimation, evaluation was based on the age-dependent proportion of mutation carriers in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of identified mutation carriers. Data from 859 such eligible relatives were collected from 8 centers; 387 were found to have inherited the mutation from their...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - June 10, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Assessing Candidate Gene nsSNPs for Phenotypic Differences in Double-Strand Break Repair Using Radiation-Induced γH2A.X FociEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in DNA repair genes may be important determinants of DNA damage and cancer risk. We applied a set of screening criteria to a large number of nsSNPs and selected a subset of SNPs that were likely candidates for phenotypic effects on DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR). In order to induce and follow DSBR, we exposed panels of cell lines to gamma irradiation and followed the formation and disappearance of γH2A.X foci over time. All panels of cell lines showed significant increases in number, intensity, and area of foci at both the 1-hour and 3-hour time points. Twenty four hours following ...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - June 10, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Weight History, Smoking, Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Risk among French-Canadian Women Non-Carriers of More Frequent BRCA1/2 MutationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, weight history did affect breast cancer risk. Moreover, smoking appeared to raise the risk, whereas moderate physical activity had a protective effect. (Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - June 10, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Assessing Candidate Gene nsSNPs for Phenotypic Differences in Double-Strand Break Repair Using Radiation-Induced γH2A.X FociEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in DNA repair genes may be important determinants of DNA damage and cancer risk. We applied a set of screening criteria to a large number of nsSNPs and selected a subset of SNPs that were likely candidates for phenotypic effects on DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR). In order to induce and follow DSBR, we exposed panels of cell lines to gamma irradiation and followed the formation and disappearance of γH2A.X foci over time. All panels of cell lines showed significant increases in number, intensity, and area of foci at both the 1-hour and 3-hour time points. Twenty four hours following ...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - March 12, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Age-Dependent Cancer Risk Is not Different in between MSH2 and MLH1 Mutation CarriersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Lynch syndrome is mostly characterized by early-onset colorectal and endometrial adenocarcinomas. Over 90% of the causal mutations occur in two mismatch repair genes, MSH2 and MLH1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the age-dependent cancer risk in MSH2 or MLH1 mutation carriers from data of DNA diagnostic laboratories. To avoid overestimation, evaluation was based on the age-dependent proportion of mutation carriers in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of identified mutation carriers. Data from 859 such eligible relatives were collected from 8 centers; 387 were found to have inherited the mutation from their...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - March 9, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Genetic and Epigenetic Tumor Suppressor Gene Silencing Are Distinct Molecular Phenotypes Driven by Growth Promoting Mutations in Nonsmall Cell Lung CancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Both genetic and epigenetic alterations characterize human nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the biological processes that create or select these alterations remain incompletely investigated. Our hypothesis posits that a roughly reciprocal relationship between the propensity for promoter hypermethylation and a propensity for genetic deletion leads to distinct molecular phenotypes of lung cancer. To test this hypothesis, we examined promoter hypermethylation of 17 tumor suppressor genes, as a marker of epigenetic alteration propensity, and deletion events at the 3p21 region, as a marker of genetic alteration. To model ...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - January 29, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Selected Apoptotic Genes and BPDE-Induced Apoptotic Capacity in Apparently Normal Primary Lymphocytes: A Genotype-Phenotype Correlation AnalysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Apoptotic capacity (AC) in primary lymphocytes may be a marker for cancer susceptibility, and functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in apoptotic pathways may modulate cellular AC in response to DNA damage. To further examine the correlation between apoptotic genotypes and phenotype, we genotyped 14 published SNPs in 11 apoptosis-related genes (i.e., p53, Bcl-2, BAX, CASP9, DR4, Fas, FasL, CASP8, CASP10, CASP3, and CASP7) and assessed the AC in response to benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-9,10-diol epoxide (BPDE) in cultured primary lymphocytes from 172 cancer-free subjects. We found that among these 14 SNPs...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - October 29, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Correlation of DNA Ploidy with Progression of Cervical CancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The majority of squamous cell carcinomas of cervix are preceded by visible changes in the cervix, most often detected by cervical smear. As cervical cancer is preceded by long precancerous stages, identification of the high-risk population through detection of DNA ploidy may be of importance in effective management of this disease. Here we attempted to correlate aneuploid DNA patterns and their influence on biological behavior of flow-cytometry analysis of DNA ploidy which was carried out in cytologically diagnosed cases of mild (79), moderate (36), and severe (12) dysplasia, as well as “atypical squamous cells of un...
Source: Journal of Cancer Epidemiology - June 3, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: journals