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94 records returned

Exploring social capital in rural settlements of an islander region in GreeceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study has two aims: First to provide an account of rural residents' perceptions of village life in terms of interpersonal support, mutual aid, trust, social cohesion and community competence, and second to examine the suitability of the social capital notion within the specific cultural context. A combination of data collection procedures and a range of sources were employed, such as key informants, rural residents and researchers' field observations. The findings indicate that small farming communities of high devotion with deep roots and strong sense of belonging face severe demographic imbalance and experience low ...
Source: Journal of Community - November 6, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Anastasia Zissi, Andromachi Tseloni, Petros Skapinakis, Maria Savvidou, Mihaela Chiou Source Type: journals

Public involvement in social and political participation processes: A gender perspectiveEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
One interesting perspective from which to investigate participation processes is that of gender (Angelique & Culley, 2007). The disparity between male and female participation is evident, in particular when dealing with politics. The research reported here examines any differences between men and women in three different groups: non-participants (N = 201), social participants (N = 167) and political participants (N = 184). Two specific aspects were considered: (a) the perception of sociopolitical control, that is leadership competence and policy control, and (b) the perception of costs and benefits derived from participati...
Source: Journal of Community - November 5, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Norma De Piccoli, Chiara Rollero Source Type: journals

Local communities responding to ecological challenges - A psycho-social approach to the natura 2000 networkEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines the role of psycho-social variables identified by previous studies as potentially relevant moderators of identification: (a) Vested interest in natural resources, (b) evaluation of the designation process of protected areas and (c) institutional trust. It further extends previous research by analysing the support given to contextually relevant ecological practices. Results reveal a positive link between place identification and attitudes in the high vested interest condition and show that support for conservation practices is better predicted in the high vested interest and low trust conditions. The dis...
Source: Journal of Community - August 31, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Carla Mouro, Paula Castro Source Type: journals

'Real Italians and wogs': The discursive construction of Italian identity among first generation Italian immigrants in Western AustraliaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We explore the discursive construction of Italian identity among a bilingual sample of Italian-born Western Australians. Focus groups were held with two groups: Italians who had migrated to Australia as children and a group who had migrated as adults. We found intra- and inter-individual differences in identity construction, with much discourse devoted to demonstrating Italian authenticity and negotiating ethnic category boundaries. Shared markers of authenticity included language, heritage and food. The groups varied in their selection of referent groups to make authenticity claims, with the child migrants drawing upon th...
Source: Journal of Community - August 7, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Emanuela Sala, Justine Dandy, Mark Rapley Source Type: journals

A synergy between action-research and a mixed methods design for improving services and treatment for family members of heavy alcohol and drug usersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses the mobilization of health professionals in developing a participatory project within a cross-cultural framework, focusing on research that involved more than 70 researchers and other professionals all over Italy. Research team discussions, peer validation of gathered data and reflexivity all had a significant role. The paper illustrates various issues, which are often not explicitly mentioned in research reports, related to recruitment, cooperation between researchers, interactions between researchers and participants, information about decision-making and the actual modalities of execution of the p...
Source: Journal of Community - July 24, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Caterina Arcidiacono, Richard Velleman, Fortuna Procentese Source Type: journals

Other than obedient: Girls' constructions of doctors and treatment regimes for anorexia nervosaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper examines how teenage girls diagnosed with and being treated for anorexia nervosa in hospital construct their anorexia, their identity as patients, medical authority and their doctors. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 adolescent girls in two large, metropolitan hospitals in Australia. Using a discourse analytic approach informed by poststructural theory, we elucidate how girls perform as patients, contest the authoritative position of doctors and deploy popular, taken-for-granted discourses of femininity to resist treatment regimes and the construction of themselves by others as 'anorexic' and 'sick'. O...
Source: Journal of Community - July 12, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Desiree Boughtwood, Christine Halse Source Type: journals

'Not in our front garden': Land use conflict, spatial meaning and the politics of naming placeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Strategies aimed at reducing land use conflict often stress the need to make planning decisions more democratic. However, this goal is obstructed by overly-narrow conceptual perspectives that neglect the symbolic significance of place. We illustrate this by examining place names, which function as repositories of socio-political meaning. Drawing on elements of discursive and rhetorical psychology and subject positioning theory, we investigated the variety of meanings associated with place names in the context of a proposed housing development in Swindon, in the South of England. Thirty interviews with different stakeholder...
Source: Journal of Community - June 8, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nicholas Nash, Alan Lewis, Christine Griffin Source Type: journals

Does identification predict community involvement? Exploring consequences of social identification among the Jewish minority in PolandEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Previous research indicated that people who strongly identify with their own group are more involved in the group's actions. The current study examines the relation between three dimensions of group identification (affect, ties, centrality) and forms of community involvement among members of the Jewish minority in Poland. The strength of ingroup ties predicted involvement in the ethnic minority community. The link between identification and involvement was mediated by the cultural dominance. The reported study was the first quantitative survey of the Jewish community in post-War Poland. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons,...
Source: Journal of Community - June 5, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Micha[lstrok] Bilewicz, Adrian Wójcik Source Type: journals

The community substance use environment: The development and predictive ability of a multi-method and multiple-reporter measureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study tested the feasibility and utility of developing a multiple-method and multiple-reporter measure that describes the community substance use environment. Data on community-level norms and availability of substances were reported by 5261 students and 181 prevention-focused community leaders (CL) involved in the 28 promoting school-university-community partnerships to enhance resilience (PROSPER) Project communities between 2002 and 2005. Additionally, locations of alcohol and tobacco outlets were geocoded. Initially, these four subscales were aggregated to measure the community substance use environment. Analyses ...
Source: Journal of Community - June 5, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sarah M. Chilenski, Mark T. Greenberg, Mark E. Feinberg Source Type: journals

Social representations of refugees: Place of origin as a delineating resourceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated social understandings of refugees from Africa in a regional town in NSW, Australia. Drawing from Social Representations Theory (Moscovici, ), the study investigated whether place of origin (Africa) mediated understandings held about refugees. Two studies were conducted. In the first study, a between-subjects manipulation using word association tasks revealed that the super-ordinate term Refugees, and Refugees from Africa shared a common core of elements (poor, war). Although sharing a core, these representations were differentiated by peripheral elements which concurred with social understanding of ...
Source: Journal of Community - May 19, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Scott Hanson-Easey, Gail Moloney Source Type: journals

The role of social categorization and identity threat in the perception of migrantsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper investigates how the categorization of migrant workers shapes their reception. In an experiment with Northern Irish Protestants we manipulated the representation of Poland to make the Catholicism of Polish migrants either more, or less, salient. Furthermore, judgements of Polish migrants were obtained under conditions designed to encourage participants to believe that sectarian conflict in Northern Ireland was either resolved, or still a strong feature of the present social landscape. Overall, results showed that when Poland's Catholicism was salient, participants were less welcoming of Polish migrants. Furtherm...
Source: Journal of Community - May 15, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wendy van Rijswijk, Nick Hopkins, Hannah Johnston Source Type: journals

Boundaries of Britishness in British Indian and Pakistani young adultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study explored what it means to be British from the perspective of young British Indian and Pakistani adults. Fifteen respondents were interviewed using a semi-structured schedule in order to explore their self-descriptions and self-categorizations, how different contexts influence their identifications as British and as Indian/Pakistani, their sense of patriotism, and their perceptions of racism, discrimination and multiculturalism. Grounded theory methodology was used to analyse the interviews. The respondents' identifications and the role of context, threat and racism were studied in detail, and a model of how thes...
Source: Journal of Community - April 9, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kiren Vadher, Martyn Barrett Source Type: journals

A group-randomized evaluation of a theatre-based sexual abuse prevention programme for primary school children in GermanyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The study reports a group-randomized trial of a theatre-based intervention to prevent sexual abuse targeting first and second grade primary school children in Germany. A sample of 148 first and second graders saw a live performance of a play designed to promote skills in dealing with abuse-prone interactions with adults, watched a recording of the play on DVD or were assigned to a no intervention control group. Both the live performance and the DVD groups showed significant increases in the target variables (distinguishing good/bad touch and secrets, getting help, rejecting unwanted touch) from baseline to post-interventio...
Source: Journal of Community - March 26, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Barbara Krahé, Lena Knappert Source Type: journals

Environmental representations of local communities' spokespersons in protected areasEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite the popularization of the environmental discourse, rural environmental belief-systems should not be viewed as homogenous. Focusing on the largest protected area in Greece, we examined heterogeneity in local environmental views. Local spokespersons elicited word associations to two stimulus terms, namely, 'environmentalists' and 'protected area'. Based on association categories for both terms, we identified two sample segments. 'Naturalists' appealed to a naturalistic image, which shaped the core compartment of their representations. On the other hand, 'skeptics' provided both environmentalist claims and critical ac...
Source: Journal of Community - March 26, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tasos Hovardas, Konstantinos J. Korfiatis, John D. Pantis Source Type: journals

The obedience-disobedience dynamic and the role of responsibilityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Obedience has been thoroughly studied in social psychology, both in its positive and negative aspects. Nevertheless, in these empirical studies disobedience has been considered to be the opposite of obedience and indeed its negation. Instead, some recent studies suggest that if obedience to authority is important in ensuring the continuity of social and group life, disobedience is crucial, under some circumstances, in stopping the authority relationship from degenerating into an authoritarian relationship. In this perspective, disobedience may be conceived of as a protest undermining the legitimacy of authority, or else it...
Source: Journal of Community - February 11, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stefano Passini, Davide Morselli Source Type: journals

'Alcohol is my friend': Young middle class women discuss their relationship with alcoholEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In recent years concerns have been raised about the increase in alcohol consumption amongst young women in the UK. This paper presents a qualitative study of the experiences and relationship young, middle-class, female students have with alcohol. Interviews with five friendship groups were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal the integral part alcohol plays in the young women's social lives and its importance in the staging of the young female self. Drinking can be seen as empowering and confidence boosting. However, the 'friendship' between femininity and alcohol is a contemptuous and fragile one. Loosing...
Source: Journal of Community - January 8, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Annadís G. Rúdólfsdóttir, Philippa Morgan Source Type: journals

The effortful citizen: Discursive social psychology and welfare reformEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study applies a broadly discursive approach to the representation of welfare reform and unemployment through an analysis of the deployment of an interpretative repertoire of effortfulness in posts to an internet discussion forum. It is argued that when posters construct versions of unemployed people or welfare recipients as characterized by 'laziness' or lack of 'effort' the attribution of responsibility for unemployment is frequently not the only piece of discursive business being attended to. In addition, posters attend to issues of their own accountability and, significantly, the accountability of the govern...
Source: Journal of Community - January 8, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stephen Gibson Source Type: journals

Adolescent well-being and supporting contexts: A comparison of adolescents in Ireland and FloridaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this research was to examine the extent to which social support and wider community perceptions/engagements among adolescents are connected with well-being. We compared adolescents in two different societal contexts, Florida in the United States and County Offaly, in Ireland, and posed the questions: What are the key predictors of subjective well-being from the various sources of support, and to what extent does the impact of social support on well-being vary across these two societies? Questionnaires were completed and returned for 607 respondents (322 in the Irish study and 285 in the Florida study). A var...
Source: Journal of Community - January 5, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Brian McGrath, M. A. Brennan, Pat Dolan, Rosemary Barnett Source Type: journals

Essentialism and attribution of monstrosity in racist discourse: Right-wing internet postings about Africans and JewsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated a total of 4997 postings on an extreme right-wing Internet discussion board with regard to the groups and themes mentioned. The most frequently mentioned target groups were Africans, Jews, Muslims, Poles, and Turks; the most prominent themes and contexts were conspiracy, criminality, exploitation, threats to German identity, infiltration, mind control and harassment, procreation, rape, and sex. We analysed in detail postings about Africans/Blacks and Jews, that is target groups that were the most clearly connected to particular themes. The analysis reveals that extreme right-wing discourse essentializes the...
Source: Journal of Community - January 5, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Peter Holtz, Wolfgang Wagner Source Type: journals

Rethinking NIMBYism: The role of place attachment and place identity in explaining place-protective actionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The 'NIMBY' (Not In My Back Yard) concept is commonly used to explain public opposition to new developments near homes and communities, particularly arising from energy technologies such as wind farms or electricity pylons. Despite its common use, the concept has been extensively critiqued by social scientists as a useful concept for research and practice. Given European policy goals to increase sustainable energy supply by 2020, deepening understanding of local opposition is of both conceptual and practical importance. This paper reviews NIMBY literature and proposes an alternative framework to explain local opposition, d...
Source: Journal of Community - January 5, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Patrick Devine-Wright Source Type: journals

Promoting adolescent sense of coherence: Testing models of risk, protection, and resiliencyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sense of coherence (SOC) is a dispositional trait that has been linked to well-being in a broad range of populations and contexts. Little is known, however, about the factors associated with SOC development and maintenance across the lifespan. Conceptualized as a condition of resiliency, SOC in adolescents was explored via measures of risk and protection as reported on by 8th and 10th grade students (N = 1619). Employing cumulative indexes of protection and risk, analyses focused on testing four models of resiliency. Further, the relative and cumulative effects of protection and risk were explored across ecological domains...
Source: Journal of Community - January 5, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: William Paul Evans, Shawn C. Marsh, Daniel J. Weigel Source Type: journals

Emotional reactions, coping and long-term consequences of perceived discrimination among the Mapuche people of ChileEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the self-reported emotional reactions, coping responses and long-term impacts of discriminatory experiences among 50 Mapuche adults in Chile. The limited literature suggests that a substantial proportion of the Chilean majority society is prejudiced and discriminatory towards the indigenous Mapuche population, and that the Mapuche experience discrimination. Interviews with participants indicated that discrimination was psychologically wounding, and aroused anger, undifferentiated bad feelings, shame and a sense of powerlessness. Participants responded with self-protective, self-controlled or ...
Source: Journal of Community - January 1, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: David Mellor, María Eugenia Merino, José L. Saiz, Daniel Quilaqueo Source Type: journals

A life of ease and immorality: Health professionals' constructions of mothering on welfareEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mothering on welfare is often discussed as perpetuating disadvantage and discouraging individuals from meaningful social activity defined as paid employment. This is understood in the context of increasing commitment to a neo-liberalist agenda, where people are viewed as autonomous individuals in a market economy, and unequal rewards within this economy are due to individual failings. The discourse analysis presented here examines how health professionals in New Zealand construct what it means to be a mother on welfare within the context of interviews on the health care needs of adolescent mothers. Mothering on welfare is ...
Source: Journal of Community - December 31, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mary Breheny, Christine Stephens Source Type: journals

Perceived cultural distance and acculturation among exchange students in RussiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The relations of perceived cultural distance, personality, acculturation orientations and outcomes were studied among exchange students (N = 187) in Russia who came from various countries in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the former Soviet Union. The hypothesis was supported that a larger perceived cultural distance between mainstream and immigrant culture is associated with less psychological (homesickness and stress) and sociocultural (behaviour with Russian students and behaviour with co-nationals) adjustment. The statistical relations between perceived cultural distance, personality and sociocultural adjus...
Source: Journal of Community - December 26, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Irina Suanet, Fons J. R. Van de Vijver Source Type: journals

Intergroup relations in action: Questions asked about lesbian, gay and bisexual issues in diversity trainingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper focuses on the questions which heterosexual trainees ask about lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) experience within diversity training about LGB issues. Drawing on a data corpus of 162 questions asked by trainees in 13 tape-recorded training sessions, questions were coded into six categories: (1) general 'understanding' questions; (2) questions about the trainer's life, experience and practices; (3) professional practice questions; (4) questions about lesbian and gay related legislation, policies and procedures; (5) questions about specific people and projects and (6) questions about the meanings, derivations and c...
Source: Journal of Community - December 19, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Elizabeth Peel Source Type: journals

Access to reproductive technologies by single women and lesbians: Social representations and public debateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, 180 letters to the editor in two newspapers were analyzed to identify themes and processes relevant to conceptualizing who should have access to MART. Representations of family were particularly evident and themes supported the traditional family structure of a mother, father and children, arguing that access to MART should be restricted to this family form. However, emerging representations of family, based on themes of positive parenting values, independent of gender and number of parents, were also observed, suggesting that political agendas restricting MART to heterosexual family structures are not suppo...
Source: Journal of Community - December 19, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Helen Correia, Pia Broderick Source Type: journals

Intergroup contact in Romania: When minority size is positively related to intergroup conflictEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Contexts in which minority size is positively related to intergroup conflict are challenging for the contact hypothesis. In such situations, if opportunities for contact increase prejudice, the contact hypothesis may seem less credible, but if they reduce prejudice, the contact hypothesis may seem less useful for improving intergroup relations. Based on path analyses run on a Romanian national probability sample (N = 733), the current research shows that the contact hypothesis can nevertheless be relevant. Because the Hungarian minority is concentrated in Transylvania, a region with a long history of conflict between Roman...
Source: Journal of Community - December 19, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Vasile Cernat Source Type: journals

Parental negotiations of the moral terrain of risk in relation to young people with intellectual disabilitiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper draws upon parental accounts from a study of the process of transition for a cohort of 28 young people with relatively severe intellectual disabilities who left special schools in 2004 and 2005 in two adjacent English localities. This paper examines how parents negotiate these boundaries and position themselves in relation to risk. A primary concern identified by parents during this transition period focuses on the risk of harm facing these vulnerable young people (whether through accidents or through sexual, emotional, physical or financial abuse) as they move into the adult world. These concerns are juxtaposed...
Source: Journal of Community - December 19, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kathryn Almack, Jennifer Clegg, Elizabeth Murphy Source Type: journals

Is there space for time in social psychology publications? A content analysis across five journalsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To what extent can social psychology study individuals within social contexts without strengthening theories and methods appropriate for the analysis of individual development within changing societies? Theoretical and epistemological arguments stressing the centrality of a temporal dimension are reviewed. In order to generate an objective picture of the current research practices, a standardized content analysis was carried out on 699 empirical studies published around 2000 in the European Journal of Social Psychology (EJSP), the British Journal of Social Psychology (BJSP), the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology...
Source: Journal of Community - December 19, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dario Spini, Guy Elcheroth, Daniel Figini Source Type: journals

Negative consequences of community group participation for women's mental health and well-being: Implications for gender aware social capital buildingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Participation in community groups is argued to be an important way to create health-promoting social capital. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the ways in which gender affects the health promotion potential of participation. This paper reports on a qualitative study of women's experiences of participation in a diverse range of community groups, and considers how such involvement can potentially have a negative impact upon mental well-being. In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 women in Adelaide, South Australia. Women's accounts of their group involvement reflected that their identities as mother...
Source: Journal of Community - December 19, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Katy Osborne, Fran Baum, Anna Ziersch Source Type: journals

Perceived strengths of urban girls and boys experiencing homelessnessEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study focused on understanding the mother-perceived strengths of 50 elementary school-aged children experiencing homelessness. Mothers typically identified multiple child strengths, even among children experiencing emotional or behavioural difficulties. These strengths included positive personality and behavioural characteristics, intelligence and academic achievement and positive physical attributes. Implications for intervention and further research are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Journal of Community)
Source: Journal of Community - December 19, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nathaniel Israel, Debra M. Hernandez Jozefowicz-Simbeni Source Type: journals

The phone connection: A qualitative exploration of how belongingness and social identification relate to mobile phone use amongst Australian youthEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mobile phone use is a prevalent behaviour amongst youth; however, there is little research to determine psychological influences on mobile phone use. This paper reports the results of a qualitative exploration into social psychological factors relating to young people's mobile phone use. Focus groups were conducted with 32 participants, aged between 16 and 24 years. Three major themes, connectedness, belonging and social identity, were explored in relation to young people's mobile phone use. Easy contact with others when using a mobile phone facilitated connectedness between people. A need to remain connected emerged in pa...
Source: Journal of Community - December 12, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Shari P. Walsh, Katherine M. White, Ross McD. Young Source Type: journals

UK responses to the asylum issue: A comparison of lay and expert viewsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There is much political and media discussion about asylum in Britain and opinion polls indicate public hostility towards asylum seekers. The current research aims to contribute towards a greater understanding of public responses to this issue by exploring the social representations of asylum seekers. Social representations theory provides a useful framework for research on asylum as it conceptualizes public understandings of new and challenging social objects. Semi-structured interviews conducted with lay participants and experts working in support of asylum seekers were thematically analyzed and the results were compared ...
Source: Journal of Community - December 4, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Julia M Pearce, Janet E Stockdale Source Type: journals

Feedlot veterinarians' moral and instrumental beliefs regarding antimicrobial use in feedlot cattleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This cross-sectional survey research study examined the role moral beliefs play in predicting behavioural beliefs and attitudes and the role that subjective norms play in predicting moral beliefs. Using a self-administered questionnaire, one hundred and three feedlot veterinarians completed measures of behavioural beliefs, referent others, perceived constraints and moral beliefs regarding recommendations to use antimicrobials in four situations (i.e. acutely sick cattle, chronically sick cattle, at-risk cattle and high-risk cattle). Regression analysis and F-tests indicate moral beliefs as contributing significant increase...
Source: Journal of Community - December 4, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: W. M. Alex McIntosh, Sarah Schulz, Wesley Dean, Morgan H. Scott, Kerry S. Barling, Isao Takei Source Type: journals

The relationships between contact, status and prejudice: An integrated threat theory analysis of Hindu-Muslim relations in IndiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the context of Hindu-Muslim relations in India, the present study (N = 87) utilized Integrated Threat Theory (Stephan & Stephan, ) to examine the mediating roles of intergroup anxiety, realistic and symbolic threats and the moderating role of group membership (Hindu vs. Muslim) in the relationships between cross-community contact, relative in-group status and prejudice. Overall, intergroup anxiety and realistic, but not symbolic, threat emerged as proximal predictors of prejudice and partial mediators between the predictor and criterion variables. But these findings were qualified by majority (Hindu) versus minority (Mu...
Source: Journal of Community - December 3, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nicole Tausch, Miles Hewstone, Ravneeta Roy Source Type: journals

Conceptualising dimensions of quality of life in povertyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Are existing health-related quality of life (QoL) measures adequate for use in poverty? Focus groups of development researcher-practitioners were convened to discuss QoL in the low-middle-income countries of Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Peru and Thailand. Newly elicited themes were mapped onto the QoL concept consisting of 25 original facets from the WHOQOL-100, plus 24 additional facets derived from five subsequent WHOQOL modules (49 facets) organized in seven domains. Qualitative themes and importance ratings were used to identify seven novel themes that relate to poverty in these countries. Most are not included in QoL instrum...
Source: Journal of Community - December 3, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Suzanne M. Skevington Source Type: journals

A qualitative study on the development of workplace bullying: Towards a three way modelEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Up to now, researchers have identified various individual and work-related factors as potential antecedents of workplace bullying. The aim of the present study is to integrate this line of research in view of explaining how these antecedents may develop into workplace bullying. Key informants, such as union representatives, employees with a confidence role concerning workplace bullying, human resource managers, prevention workers and social service employees, analysed bullying incidents or cases within their organization. We combined the various perspectives on the same incident into one plan. Then, all 87 case plans were ...
Source: Journal of Community - December 3, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Elfi Baillien, Inge Neyens, Hans De Witte, Nele De Cuyper Source Type: journals

Student and community perceptions about organ donors, non-donors and transplant recipientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite efforts to encourage organ donation, low organ donation rates in Australia and other Western nations do not meet the demand for transplantable organs. One influence on organ donation decision-making yet to be fully explored is that of prototype perceptions about organ donors, non-donors and transplant recipients. We conducted focus groups and interviews with 54 student and community participants to explore these perceptions of donors and non-donors in a living and posthumous context, as well as transplant recipients. Using content and thematic analysis, transcripts were analysed for consistently emerging themes. Do...
Source: Journal of Community - November 20, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Melissa K. Hyde, Katherine M. White Source Type: journals

Pub and community: The views of Birmingham untreated heavy drinkersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper reports the results of a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with 79 members of the Birmingham Untreated Heavy Drinkers Cohort. The cohort was recruited in 1997 when all participants were drinking 50 or more standard units of alcohol (men) or 35 or more units (women) most weeks. Present interviews were carried out as part of the fourth wave of interviews, held in 2003. The topic was the participants' places of drinking in the community and the functions those places served. The present analysis focused on the relationship between pubs and community. The strongest theme to emerge was that the pub p...
Source: Journal of Community - November 19, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jim Orford, Alison Rolfe, Sue Dalton, Catherine Painter, Heather Webb Source Type: journals

From parent education to collective action: 'Childrearing with love' in post-war GuatemalaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this initiative was not only to improve outcomes in the parent-child relationship, but to galvanize the formation of community-based support groups that could have multiple ends. The theoretical foundations of the project are introduced, before illustrating their practical application. Sixteen months post-intervention, largely positive effects were being sustained in parent child relations. The project was also successful in generating social action through the formation of grass-roots women's organizations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Journal of Community)
Source: Journal of Community - September 21, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Anita Schrader McMillan, Mark Burton Source Type: journals

Attitudes toward Out-groups and the perception of consensus: All feet do not wear one shoeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although social perception research has been carried out across a number of diverse domains, to the best of our knowledge, studies have not directly assessed the relationship between attitudes toward the out-group and perceptions of community support for those attitudes. In the present research, we report the findings of a study conducted in Western Australia using data collected from 653 participants from three different locations. The main thrust of our study was the accuracy of beliefs about consensus as it related to attitudes toward two marginalized groups: Indigenous Australians and asylum seekers. With respect to th...
Source: Journal of Community - August 29, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Anne Pedersen, Brian Griffiths, Susan E. Watt Source Type: journals

Getting involved: Testing the effectiveness of a volunteering intervention on young adolescents' future intentionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Past research has identified a host of benefits associated with volunteering and community involvement, yet involvement appears to be on the decline in recent years. We tested the effectiveness of an intervention designed to encourage involvement. We provided young adolescents with information about volunteer opportunities, benefits and ways to overcome barriers to involvement. Adolescents who participated in the volunteering intervention reported greater involvement intentions than control participants. In addition, mediation analyses indicated that adolescents in the volunteering intervention based their self-worth to a ...
Source: Journal of Community - August 22, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Anne E. Wilson, James W. Allen, Erin J. Strahan, Nicole Ethier Source Type: journals

Social experience and school bullyingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The goal of the present study is to investigate the relationship between school bullying and various aspects of the urban and scholastic environment where participants live, such as sense of community, exposure to dangerous and violent situations within the neighbourhood, perceptions of the safety of the neighbourhood and perceptions of the school environment. The research, performed in Ercolano, a town near Naples, covered the whole of Ercolano's population (n = 734) of 7th, 10th and 13th grade students. Data were analysed using a multivariate analysis of variance. Results showed that bullying role (pure bullies, pure vic...
Source: Journal of Community - August 21, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dario Bacchini, Giovanna Esposito, Gaetana Affuso Source Type: journals

Protection, manipulation or interference with relationships? Discourse analysis of New Zealand lawyers' talk about supervised access and partner violenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Violence against women within the context of intimate relationships is a complex social problem in Aotearoa/New Zealand and internationally. Such abuse by men is particularly problematic because of its prevalence, and because of the extent and magnitude of deleterious effects on the health and psychological well-being of women and children. In New Zealand, the legal system is assumed to play an important role in protecting women and children from domestic violence. Through the Domestic Violence Act 1995 and the amended Guardianship Act 1968, persons who are physically, sexually or psychologically abusive to their children,...
Source: Journal of Community - July 15, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rachael Pond, Mandy Morgan Source Type: journals

Immigration and femininity in Southern Europe: A gender-based psychosocial analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite the growing presence of female immigrants in Western countries, research on the subject highlights two important biases that hinder appropriate explanation of the migratory phenomenon and hence prevent adequate intervention. First, most of the research studies conducted so far focus on male migration; second, the macro-social perspective has prevailed in these areas of study since socio-economic and political aspects have taken centre stage in analyses on migratory phenomena, From a gender-based psychosocial perspective, this study addresses the migration project of 53 women from different South American countries,...
Source: Journal of Community - July 11, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: J. M. González-González, V. Zarco Source Type: journals

The impact of residential context on adolescents' Subjective Well beingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The study investigates the impact of residential context on stressful events and Subjective Well being (Emotional and Psychological) in young people living in a deprived geographical area, and the mediating role of personal (Self-Efficacy) and social (Social Support, Sense of Community) variables. A questionnaire was submitted to 297 subjects (48.5% males): 203 adolescents (14-19 years old) and 94 young adults (20-27 years old), from different socio-economic (SES) levels. Results confirm the significant impact of the residential context on youngsters' perceived residential quality, Stress and Subjective Well being outcomes...
Source: Journal of Community - July 10, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Elvira Cicognani, Cinzia Albanesi, Bruna Zani Source Type: journals

Community Psychology principles and recent innovations in social policies for children in ItalyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The main action carried out in Italy to implement the international agreement on children's rights is Law 285/1997. The aim of this paper is to stress the innovative scope of this law and its links with Community Psychology. The coordination between researchers and practitioners is addressed and the state of art of Community Psychology in Italy is discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Journal of Community)
Source: Journal of Community - July 10, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Antonella Rissotto, Emanuela Zampatti, Miretta Prezza, Maria Giuseppina Pacilli Source Type: journals

AIDS-NGOs and political participation: Brazilian and Canadian experiencesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Non-governmental organizations (AIDS-NGO) are an instrument of political pressure and assistance, often serving as a life reconstruction aid for people living with HIV/AIDS. In this case study, we analyze data from historical documents, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires obtained from participants and community agents in two AIDS-NGOs: one in Canada (NGO-Ca), and another in Brazil (NGO-Br). Despite contextual differences, both NGOs are involved in a fight against stigma and discrimination that may aggravate existing social exclusion. Variances in political participation are nevertheless evident. In NGO-Ca, efforts are...
Source: Journal of Community - July 10, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Carlos Roberto de Castro-Silva, W. E. (Ted) Hewitt, Sharon Sabourin, Sergio Calixto, Elisandra Santos, Suzanne Ricard Source Type: journals

Engaging contexts: Drawing the link between student and teacher experiences of the hidden curriculumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article examines how academic disengagement (being off task, unenthusiastic and uncurious about learning) is facilitated by the hidden curriculum (the values, norms and beliefs transmitted via the structure of schooling), and mediated by race, ethnicity and gender for students in a working class elementary school. Additionally, we contextualize how a teacher was challenged by the hidden curriculum in her attempt to make her classroom environment engaging for all students. Participants included a young white female teacher and 21 second grade, low-income students, of whom approximately 50% were white and 50% were Black...
Source: Journal of Community - July 10, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Regina D. Langhout, Cecily A. Mitchell Source Type: journals

'Who would take whose name?' Accounts of naming practices in same-sex relationshipsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The practice of a woman assuming her husband's last name upon marriage is a deeply embedded norm in some countries. Whether or not individual heterosexual couples reproduce or resist this practice, it provides a context for making decisions about marital names. No conventions, other than heteronormative ones, govern naming practices in same-sex relationships and families, but very little is known about name changing in these contexts. This paper reports an exploratory qualitative study of the ways in which 30 lesbians and gay men in committed relationships made meaning of name changing and keeping. Only one participant rep...
Source: Journal of Community - July 10, 2008 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Victoria Clarke, Maree Burns, Carole Burgoyne Source Type: journals