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358 records returned

A plate method for screening of bacteria capable of degrading aliphatic nitriles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A novel indicator plate method was developed for screening of aliphatic-nitrile-degrading bacteria. Isolated bacteria were tested for utilization of acetonitrile as sole source of carbon and nitrogen with the release of ammonia. The released ammonia causes increase of the pH of the medium. Phenol red indicator is used for detection of ammonia based on colour change of the indicator dye from red to pink. The liberation of ammonia from aliphatic-nitrile-utilizing bacteria is also studied in plates containing other indicators such as bromothymol blue and phenolphthalein. The usefulness of the indicator plate is demonstrat...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 17, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Santoshkumar M, Nayak AS, Anjaneya O, Karegoudar TB Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Gene cloning, characterization, and heterologous expression of levansucrase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we cloned and characterized the enzymatic kinetics using levansucrase expressed in Escherichia coli. Optimum pH for D: -glucose production and levan formation was 6.0 and 8.0, respectively, whereas optimum temperature was 30 degrees C and 4 degrees C, respectively. The K (m) and V (max) values for levansucrase were calculated to be 47.81 mM sucrose and 57.47 mumole/min mg protein, respectively. Prominent expression of levansucrase was obtained through xylose induction in Bacillus megaterium, where most of the His(6)-tagged protein was secreted into the culture broth, giving levansucrase activity of 12,906 U/...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Rairakhwada D, Seo JW, Seo MY, Kwon O, Rhee SK, Kim CH Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

A new xylanase from thermoacidophilic Alicyclobacillus sp. A4 with broad-range pH activity and pH stability.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have identified a highly pH-adaptable and stable xylanase (XynA4) from the thermoacidophilic Alicyclobacillus sp. A4, a strain that was isolated from a hot spring in Yunnan Province, China. The gene (xynA4) that encodes this xylanase was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli. It encodes a 338-residue polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 42.5 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence is most similar to (53% identity) an endo-1,4-beta-xylanase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus that belongs to family 10 of the glycoside hydrolases. Purified recombinant XynA4 exhibited maximum activity at 55 degre...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Bai Y, Wang J, Zhang Z, Yang P, Shi P, Luo H, Meng K, Huang H, Yao B Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Variations of bacterial 16S rDNA phylotypes prior to and after chlorination for drinking water production from two surface water treatment plants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the variations of bacterial populations in treated drinking water prior to and after the final chlorine disinfection step at two different surface water treatment plants. For this purpose, the bacterial communities present in treated water were sampled after granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration and chlorine disinfection from two drinking water treatment plants supplying the city of Paris (France). Samples were analyzed after genomic DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, cloning, and sequencing of a number of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The 16S rDNA sequences were clustered int...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Poitelon JB, Joyeux M, Welté B, Duguet JP, Prestel E, Dubow MS Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

High-yield fermentative preparation of tetramethylpyrazine by Bacillus sp. using an endogenous precursor approach.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A spore-forming Bacillus sp. was isolated from a high-temperature Daqu, a starter culture of Chinese Maotai-flavor liquor, using an endogenous precursor screening strategy. The Bacillus sp. was capable of producing a high level of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine (TTMP) via a precursor of 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (HB). The strain was characterized as Bacillus subtilis based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties as well as on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. Different carbon and nitrogen sources as well as fermentation conditions were investigated. Optimization tests showed that oxygen supply and fermentati...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Zhu BF, Xu Y, Fan WL Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

The use of Macronet resins to recover gamma-decalactone produced by Rhodotorula aurantiaca from the culture broth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
During the biotransformation of castor oil into gamma-decalactone, R. aurantiaca produced both the lactone form and its precursor (4-hydroxydecanoic acid). After six days of culture, a maximum yield of gamma-decalactone of 6.5 g/l was obtained. The parameters of gamma-decalactone adsorption on three Macronet resins (MN-202, MN-102 and MN-100) were investigated in water. Adsorption isotherms of gamma-decalactone for the three Macronet resins were linear. The trapping of gamma-decalactone produced by R. aurantiaca on these resins was then carried out. gamma-Decalactone was effectively retained by all the studied Macronet...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Alchihab M, Aldric JM, Aguedo M, Destain J, Wathelet JP, Thonart P Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Cellulases from Penicillium funiculosum: production, properties and application to cellulose hydrolysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this work is to investigate the utilization of two abundant agricultural residues in Brazil for the production and application of cellulolytic enzymes. Different materials obtained after pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse, as well as pure synthetic substrates, were considered for cellulase production by Penicillium funiculosum. The best results for FPase (354 U L(-1)) and beta-glucosidase (1,835 U L(-1)) production were observed when sugarcane bagasse partially delignified cellulignin (PDC) was used. The crude extract obtained from PDC fermentation was then partially characterized. Optimal temperatures for ...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: de Castro AM, de Albuquerque de Carvalho ML, Leite SG, Pereira N Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Generation and characterisation of stable ethanol-tolerant mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Saccharomyces spp. are widely used for ethanologenic fermentations, however yeast metabolic rate and viability decrease as ethanol accumulates during fermentation, compromising ethanol yield. Improving ethanol tolerance in yeast should, therefore, reduce the impact of ethanol toxicity on fermentation performance. The purpose of the current work was to generate and characterise ethanol-tolerant yeast mutants by subjecting mutagenised and non-mutagenised populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1A to adaptive evolution using ethanol stress as a selection pressure. Mutants CM1 (chemically mutagenised) and SM1 (spontan...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Stanley D, Fraser S, Chambers PJ, Rogers P, Stanley GA Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Asymmetric synthesis of (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate using Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Asymmetric reduction of ethyl-4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate to (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate in aqueous medium by resting cells of Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330 was optimized. The influence of culture parameters (inoculum size, inoculum age and biocatalyst harvest time) and reaction parameters (co-substrate, resting cell, pH and substrate concentrations) on the asymmetric reduction were studied. It was found that these parameters significantly influenced the rate of the asymmetric reduction. Under the optimum conditions, the final concentration of (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, enantiomeric excess and the is...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 8, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kaliaperumal T, Kumar S, Gummadi SN, Chadha A Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

The non-nutritional performance characteristics of peptones made from rendered protein.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Economic considerations require the use of inexpensive feedstocks for the fermentative production of moderate-value products. Our previous work has shown that peptones capable of supporting the growth of various microorganisms can be produced from inexpensive animal proteins, including meat and bone meal, feather meal, and blood meal, through alkaline or enzymatic hydrolysis. In this work, we explore how these experimental peptones compare to commercial peptones in terms of performance characteristics other than chemical make-up; these characteristics can impact fermentation operating cost. It is shown that experimenta...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 3, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Garcia RA, Piazza GJ, Wen Z, Pyle DJ, Solaiman DK Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

The effect of Debina grapevine indigenous yeast strains of Metschnikowia and Saccharomyces on wine flavour.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, indigenous yeast strains belonging to Metschnikowia pulcherrima var. zitsae as well as Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated and characterized from Debina must (Zitsa, Epirus, Greece). In addition, these strains were examined for their effect on the outcome of the wine fermentation process when used sequentially as starter cultures. The resulting wine, as analyzed over three consecutive years, was observed to possess a richer, more aromatic bouquet than wine from a commercial starter culture. These results emphasize the potential of employing indigenous yeast strains for the production of traditional wines ...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - October 27, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Parapouli M, Hatziloukas E, Drainas C, Perisynakis A Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Production and optimization of cellulase-free, alkali-stable xylanase by Bacillus pumilus SV-85S in submerged fermentation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper reports the production of a cellulase-free and alkali-stable xylanase in high titre from a newly isolated Bacillus pumilus SV-85S using cheap and easily available agro-residue wheat bran. Optimization of fermentation conditions enhanced the enzyme production to 2995.20 +/- 200.00 IU/ml, which was 9.91-fold higher than the activity under unoptimized basal medium (302.2 IU/ml). Statistical optimization using response-surface methodology was employed to obtain a cumulative effect of peptone, yeast extract, and potassium nitrate (KNO(3)) on enzyme production. A 2(3) central composite design best optimized the ni...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - October 27, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nagar S, Gupta VK, Kumar D, Kumar L, Kuhad RC Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

A Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based bioassay for assessing pesticide toxicity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluates the toxic effect of three pesticides (Azoxystrobin, Cymoxanil, and Diuron) on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the development of a new bioassay based on inhibition of S. cerevisiae metabolic activity at the level of adenosine-5-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, as compared with two different toxicity tests based on inhibition of Daphnia magna mobility (NF EN ISO 6341) and inhibition of Vibrio fisheri activity (NF EN ISO 11348). The S. cerevisiae bioassay is cheaper and 96 times faster than the D. magna toxicity bioassay, but has lower sensitivity. It is as fast as the V. fisheri bioassay and more se...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - October 25, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Estève K, Poupot C, Dabert P, Mietton-Peuchot M, Milisic V Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Pediocin production in milk by Pediococcus acidilactici in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The production of pediocin in milk by Pediococcus acidilactici was evaluated in co-culture with the dairy fermentation cultures Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus. The cultures were tested singly and in different combinations in milk (0 or 2% fat content) during incubation at 40 degrees C for up to 10 h. Cell-free milk samples taken every 60 min were tested for bacteriocin activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Pediocin activity was not detectable when P. acidilactici was inoculated into milk as a monoculture. When P. acidilactici was grown in combination with the yogurt starter ...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - October 20, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Somkuti GA, Steinberg DH Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Isolation of an oxalate-resistant Ashbya gossypii strain and its improved riboflavin production.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An oxalate-resistant strain of Ashbya gossypii was naturally isolated from spores grown on an oxalate-containing medium, and its medium was optimized to improve riboflavin production. Riboflavin production by the resistant strain was three-fold higher than that by the wild-type organism when grown in flask cultures. Medium optimization increased the riboflavin production by the resistant strain to 5 g l(-1), which was five-fold higher than that obtained by the wild-type strain. The productivity was reproduced in a 3-l bioreactor. During the early growth phase, the specific activity of isocitrate lyase in the oxalate-re...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - October 13, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sugimoto T, Morimoto A, Nariyama M, Kato T, Park EY Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during industrial bioethanol fermentation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely applied in large-scale industrial bioethanol fermentation; however, little is known about the molecular responses of industrial yeast during large-scale fermentation processes. We investigated the global transcriptional responses of an industrial strain of S. cerevisiae during industrial continuous and fed-batch fermentation by oligonucleotide-based microarrays. About 28 and 62% of all genes detected showed differential gene expression during continuous and fed-batch fermentation, respectively. The overrepresented functional categories of differentially expressed genes in continuous f...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - October 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Li BZ, Cheng JS, Qiao B, Yuan YJ Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Influence of cultivation conditions on the production of a thermostable extracellular lipase from Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM 43304.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Among several lipase-producing actinomycete strains screened, Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM 43304 was found to produce a thermostable, extracellular lipase. Culture conditions and nutrient source modification studies involving carbon sources, nitrogen sources, incubation temperature and medium pH were carried out. Lipase activity of 1.37 +/- 0.103 IU/ml of culture medium was obtained in 96 h at 28 degrees C and pH 7.5 using linseed oil and fructose as carbon sources and a combination of phytone peptone and yeast extract (5:1) as nitrogen sources. Under optimal culture conditions, the lipase activity was enhanced 12-fo...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - October 5, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Dheeman DS, Frias JM, Henehan GT Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Ethanol production from sorghum by a dilute ammonia pretreatment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sorghum fibers were pretreated with ammonium hydroxide and the effectiveness of the pretreatment evaluated by enzyme hydrolysis and ethanol production. The treatment was carried out by mixing sorghum fibers, ammonia, and water at a ratio of 1:0.14:8 at 160 degrees C for 1 h under 140-160 psi pressure. Approximately 44% lignin and 35% hemicellulose were removed during the process. Untreated and dilute-ammonia-treated fibers at 10% dry solids were hydrolyzed using combinations of commercially available enzymes, Spezyme CP and Novozyme 188. Enzyme combinations were tested at full strength (60 FPU Spezyme CP and 64 CBU Nov...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Salvi DA, Aita GM, Robert D, Bazan V Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Sulfide persistence in oil field waters amended with nitrate and acetate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study describes one set of conditions for continued sulfidogenesis during nitrate reduction, with important implications for nitrate control of sulfide production in oil fields. PMID: 19789900 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 29, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Hulecki JC, Foght JM, Gray MR, Fedorak PM Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Improved simultaneous production of mycelial biomass and polysaccharides by submerged culture of Hericium erinaceum: optimization using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to optimize the culture medium used for the mycelial growth and production of intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) in a submerged culture of Hericium erinaceum. Of the various factors examined, including carbon and nitrogen sources, vitamins, mineral elements, and initial pH, those that proved to have a significant effect were then tested using a 2(4) central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Under the optimal culture conditions, the maximal yield of biomass reached 14.24 +/- 0.45 g l(-1) and was 1.85-fold higher than in the basal medium. The kinetics of EPS biosyn...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 26, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Malinowska E, Krzyczkowski W, Lapienis G, Herold F Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Isolation and characterization of potent antifungal strains of the Streptomyces violaceusniger clade active against Candida albicans.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Streptomyces strains were isolated from a sagebrush rhizosphere soil sample on humic acid vitamin (HV) agar and water yeast extract (WYE) agar supplemented with 1.5% (w/w) phenol as a selective medium. Acidic, neutral and alkaline pH conditions were also used in the isolation procedures. The phenol treatment reduced the numbers of both actinomycetes and non-actinomycetes on plates under all three pH conditions. From phenol-amended HV and WYE agar, 16 strains were isolated in pure culture; 14 from the HV agar and two from the WYE agar. All the isolates were tested for their antifungal activities against Pythium ultimum ...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 25, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kang MJ, Strap JL, Crawford DL Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Universal species concept: pipe dream or a step toward unifying biology?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Universal Tree of Life, which is based on phylogenetic analysis of the RNA sequence from the small ribosomal subunit, was a breakthrough in understanding the relatedness among all living organisms. The result has had a major impact on taxonomy by separating life into three domains: Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea. Indeed, microbiologists have used the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) of the small ribosomal subunit to construct the hierarchical classification of Bacteria and Archaea from the level of domain to genus. However, the 16S rRNA of the Bacteria and Archaea and the corresponding 18S rRNA of the Eukarya are too highl...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 24, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Staley JT Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Ethanol and xylitol production from glucose and xylose at high temperature by Kluyveromyces sp. IIPE453.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A yeast strain Kluyveromyces sp. IIPE453 (MTCC 5314), isolated from soil samples collected from dumping sites of crushed sugarcane bagasse in Sugar Mill, showed growth and fermentation efficiency at high temperatures ranging from 45 degrees C to 50 degrees C. The yeast strain was able to use a wide range of substrates, such as glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, arabinose, sucrose, and cellobiose, either for growth or fermentation to ethanol. The strain also showed xylitol production from xylose. In batch fermentation, the strain showed maximum ethanol concentration of 82 +/- 0.5 g l(-1) (10.4% v/v) on initial glucose...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 18, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kumar S, Singh SP, Mishra IM, Adhikari DK Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Biotechnological strains of Komagataella (Pichia) pastoris are Komagataella phaffii as determined from multigene sequence analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pichia pastoris was reassigned earlier to the genus Komagataella following phylogenetic analysis of gene sequences. Since that time, two additional species of Komagataella have been described, K. pseudopastoris and K. phaffii. Because these three species are unlikely to be resolved from the standard fermentation and growth tests used in yeast taxonomy, the identity of biotechnologically important strains of K. pastoris was determined from multigene sequence analyses. Results from this study show that the strain of 'Pichia pastoris' commonly used in gene expression studies is actually K. phaffii. PMID: 19760441 [Pub...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kurtzman CP Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Biofilm growth of individual and dual strains of Klebsiella oxytoca from the dairy industry on ultrafiltration membranes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Formation of biofilms in dairy membrane plants causes membrane pore blocking, product contamination and subsequent economic loss. To investigate the biofilm growth, two Klebsiella oxytoca strains, K. B006 and TR002, previously isolated from New Zealand dairy membrane plants, were grown both individually and combined on three types of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in different concentrations of whey medium in biofilm reactors (CBR 90, BioSurface Technologies, Bozeman, USA). Biofilms of both the individual and combined strains grew on the membrane surfaces to levels of 4.9-7.99 log colony-forming units (CFU) cm(-2) meas...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 15, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tang X, Flint SH, Bennett RJ, Brooks JD, Morton RH Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Strain development of Streptomyces sp. for tacrolimus production using sequential adaptation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An immunosuppressant tacrolimus-producing strain of Streptomyces sp. TST8 was isolated and developed by the TS corporation in Korea using the sequential adaptation of media containing tacrolimus (600-1600 mg/l). The aim of the tacrolimus sequential adaptation protocol was to select those cells with tacrolimus resistance and to reduce product inhibition of the tacrolimus-producing strain. The developed strains produced more tacrolimus than the original strain. In particular, the TST10 strain adapted in the medium containing 900 mg/l of tacrolimus produced 972 mg/l of tacrolimus in the final titer after 7 days of cultiva...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jung S, Moon S, Lee K, Park YJ, Yoon S, Yoo YJ Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Enhanced FK506 production in Streptomyces clavuligerus CKD1119 by engineering the supply of methylmalonyl-CoA precursor.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
FK506 is a 23-membered polyketide macrolide with immunosuppressant activity produced by Streptomyces species. The production of FK506 in S. clavuligerus CKD1119 (KCTC 10561BP) was improved by enhancing the supply of biosynthetic precursors. This improvement was approximately 2.5-fold (15 mg/l) with the supplementation of 10 mM methyl oleate, which is the probable source of acyl-CoAs, to R2YE medium. When the level of FK506 production reached its maximum, the intracellular concentration of methylmalonyl-CoA in S. clavuligerus CKD1119 supplemented with methyl oleate was 12.5-fold higher than that of the unsupplemented st...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Mo S, Ban YH, Park JW, Yoo YJ, Yoon YJ Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Enhancement of glutathione production with a tripeptidase-deficient recombinant Escherichia coli.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Glutathione (GSH) degradation exists in the enzymatic synthesis of GSH by Escherichia coli, however, its degradation pathway is not very clear. This paper examines the key enzymes responding to GSH degradation in E. coli with the purpose of improving GSH production. The enzymes that are probably associated with GSH degradation were investigated by disrupting their genes. The results suggested that gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and tripeptidase (PepT) were the key enzymes of GSH degradation, and GGT contributed more to GSH degradation than PepT. Furthermore, GGT activity was affected greatly by culture temperature,...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Lin J, Liao X, Zhang J, Du G, Chen J Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Kinetic studies of recombinant human interferon-gamma expression in continuous cultures of E. coli.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A series of continuous cultures was performed to understand the product formation kinetics of recombinant human interferon gamma (rhIFN-gamma) in Escherichia coli at different dilution rates ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 h(-1) in different media. A T7 promoter-based vector was used for expression of IFN-gamma in E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells. The recombinant protein was produced as inclusion bodies, thus allowing a rapid buildup of rhIFN-gamma inside the cell, with the specific product yield (Y ( p/X )) reaching a maximum value of 182 mg g(-1) dry cell weight (DCW). In all the media tested, the specific product formation rate (q ...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 29, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Vaiphei ST, Pandey G, Mukherjee KJ Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Decolorization of water and oil-soluble azo dyes by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus fermentum.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The capability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus fermentum to degrade azo dyes was investigated. The bacteria were incubated under anaerobic conditions in the presence of 6 microg/ml Methyl Red, Ponceau BS, Orange G, Amaranth, Orange II, and Direct Blue 15; 5 microg/ml Sudan I and II; or 1.5 microg/ml Sudan III and IV in deMann-Rogosa-Sharpe broth at 37 degrees C for 36 h, and reduction of the dyes was monitored. Both bacteria were capable of degrading all of the water-soluble azo dyes to some extent. They were also able to completely reduce the oil-soluble diazo dyes Sudan III and IV but were unable to re...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 28, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Chen H, Xu H, Heinze TM, Cerniglia CE Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Properties of a purified thermostable glucoamylase from Aspergillus niveus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A glucoamylase from Aspergillus niveus was produced by submerged fermentation in Khanna medium, initial pH 6.5 for 72 h, at 40 degrees C. The enzyme was purified by DEAE-Fractogel and Concanavalin A-Sepharose chromatography. The enzyme showed 11% carbohydrate content, an isoelectric point of 3.8 and a molecular mass of 77 and 76 kDa estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or Bio-Sil-Sec-400 gel filtration, respectively. The pH optimum was 5.0-5.5, and the enzyme remained stable for at least 2 h in the pH range of 4.0-9.5. The temperature optimum was 65 degrees C and retained 100% activity...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 20, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: da Silva TM, Maller A, de Lima Damásio AR, Michelin M, Ward RJ, Hirata IY, Jorge JA, Terenzi HF, de Polizeli ML Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Identification of functionally clustered nystatin-like biosynthetic genes in a rare actinomycetes, Pseudonocardia autotrophica.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The polyene antibiotics, including nystatin, pimaricin, amphotericin, and candicidin, comprise a family of very valuable antifungal polyketide compounds, and they are typically produced by soil actinomycetes. Previously, using a polyene cytochrome P450 hydroxylase-specific genome screening strategy, Pseudonocardia autotrophica KCTC9441 was determined to contain genes potentially encoding polyene biosynthesis. Here, sequence information of an approximately 125.7-kb contiguous DNA region in five overlapping cosmids isolated from the P. autotrophica KCTC9441 genomic library revealed a total of 23 open reading frames, whic...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 20, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kim BG, Lee MJ, Seo J, Hwang YB, Lee MY, Han K, Sherman DH, Kim ES Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Hydrolysis of soy isoflavone glycosides by recombinant beta-glucosidase from hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A recombinant Thermotoga maritima beta-glucosidase A (BglA) was purified to homogeneity for performing enzymatic hydrolysis of isoflavone glycosides from soy flour. The kinetic properties K (m), k (cat), and k (cat)/K (m) of BglA towards isoflavone glycosides, determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, confirmed the higher efficiency of BglA in hydrolyzing malonylglycosides than non-conjugated glycosides (daidzin and genistin). During hydrolysis of soy flour by BglA at 80 degrees C, the isoflavone glycosides (soluble form) were extracted from soy flour (solid state) into the solution (liquid state) in the...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 19, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Xue Y, Yu J, Song X Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Kinetic limitations during the simultaneous removal of p-cresol and sulfide in a denitrifying process.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of a denitrifying consortium to achieve the simultaneous removal of nitrate, sulfide and p-cresol and elucidate the rate-limiting steps in the mixotrophic process. Nitrite reduction appeared as the most evident rate-limiting step in the denitrifying respiratory process. The nitrite reduction rate achieved was up to 57 times lower than the nitrate reduction rate during the simultaneous removal of sulfide and p-cresol. Negligible accumulation of N(2)O occurred in the denitrifying cultures corroborating that nitrite reduction was the main rate-limiting step of the respira...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Cervantes FJ, Meza-Escalante ER, Texier AC, Gómez J Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Aerobic degradation of pyridine by a new bacterial strain, Shinella zoogloeoides BC026.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new bacterial strain, Shinella zoogloeoides BC026, which utilizes pyridine as its sole carbon, nitrogen and energy source, was isolated from the activated sludge of a coking wastewater treatment plant. The BC026 strain completely degraded up to 1,806 mg/l of pyridine in 45.5 h. The optimum degradation conditions were pH 8.0 and temperature 30-35 degrees C. According to product monitoring and genetic analysis, the pyridine ring was cleaved between C(2) and N, resulting in 58% of pyridine-N being directly converted into ammonium. Providing glucose as the extra carbon source, the degradation of pyridine was not affected...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Bai Y, Sun Q, Zhao C, Wen D, Tang X Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Application of clone library analysis and real-time PCR for comparison of microbial communities in a low-grade copper sulfide ore bioheap leachate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The microbial communities of leachate from a bioleaching heap located in China were analyzed using the 16S rRNA gene clone library and real-time quantitative PCR. Both methods showed that Leptospirillum spp. were the dominant bacteria, and Ferroplasma acidiphilum were the only archaea detected in the leachate. Clone library results indicated that nine operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained, which fell into four divisions, the Nitrospirae (74%), the gamma-Proteobacteria (14%), the Actinobacteria (6%) and the Euryarchaeota (6%). The results obtained by real-time PCR in some ways were the same as clone library a...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 7, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Bowei C, Xingyu L, Wenyan L, Jiankang W Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Burkholderia cenocepacia: a new biocatalyst for efficient bioreduction of ezetimibe intermediate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ezetimibe is a selective acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor used in hypercholesterolemia. Synthesis of ezetimibe requires enantiopure 3-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-5(S)-hydroxypentanoyl]-4(S)-4-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one (FOP alcohol) as a crucial intermediate which is produced by reduction of the corresponding prochiral ketone (FOP dione). A new biocatalyst from acclimatized soil was screened for bioreduction of the above prochiral ketone. The microorganism was identified by 16S mRNA sequencing, as Burkholderia cenocepacia. Various physicochemical conditions were optimized to increase cellmass and ...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 7, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Singh A, Basit A, Banerjee UC Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

L: (+)-Lactic acid production by co-fermentation of glucose and xylose with Rhizopus oryzae obtained by low-energy ion beam irradiation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Low-energy ion beam irradiation (10-200 keV) has been proved to have a wide range of biological effects in recent years. When Rhizopus oryzae PW352 was irradiated with a 15-keV low-energy ion beam an L: (+)-lactic acid high-yield mutant, RQ4015, was obtained. When 150 g/l glucose was used as the sole carbon source, L: (+)-lactic acid of RQ4015 reached 121 g/l after 36 h shake-flask cultivation. However, the highest lactic acid concentration 74 g/l was obtained when 100 g/l xylose was present in the medium as the sole carbon source. When mixed xylose (25 g/l) and glucose (75 g/l) were present in a bubble column, L: (+)-...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - August 3, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Wang P, Li J, Wang L, Tang ML, Yu ZL, Zheng ZM Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Cellulase production from Pseudoalteromonas sp. NO3 isolated from the sea squirt Halocynthia rorentzi.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study identified a transglycosylation activity in CelY that allows the enzyme to digest G4 to G2 and G3 without the production of G1. PMID: 19639353 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 28, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kim D, Baik KS, Park SC, Kim SJ, Shin TS, Jung SJ, Oh MJ, Seong CN Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Effects of cassava starch hydrolysate on cell growth and lipid accumulation of the heterotrophic microalgae Chlorella protothecoides.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Heterotrophic fermentation of microalgae has been shown to accumulate high amounts of microalgal lipids, which are regarded as one of the most promising feedstocks for sustainable biodiesel production. To increase the biomass and reduce the cost of microalgal culture, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using cassava starch hydrolysate (CSH) instead of glucose as carbon source for heterotrophic culture of Chlorella protothecoides in flasks. First, the two-step enzymatic process of hydrolysis of cassava starch by alpha-amylase and glucoamylase was optimized; the conversion efficiency for cassava...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 24, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Wei A, Zhang X, Wei D, Chen G, Wu Q, Yang ST Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Online monitoring of yeast cultivation using a fuel-cell-type activity sensor.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A microbial fuel-cell type activity sensor integrated into 500 mL and 3.2 L bioreactors was employed for ampero- (muA) and potentiometric (mV) measurements. The aim was to follow the microbial activity during ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to detect the end of carbohydrate consumption. Three different sensor setups were tested to record electrochemical signals produced by the metabolism of glucose and fructose (1:1) online. In a first setup, a reference electrode was used to record the potentiometric values, which rose from 0.26 to 0.5 V in about 10 h during the growth phase. In a second setup, a co...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 24, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Favre MF, Carrard D, Ducommun R, Fischer F Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Optimization of medium components for high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid production by Streptococcus sp. ID9102 via a statistical approach.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hyaluronic acid (HA), linear high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycan produced from Streptococcus sp., has raised interest in the medical and cosmetics industries because of the various biological functions of HA. In this paper, we report on the optimization of medium components for HA production in Streptococcus sp. ID9102 (KCTC 11935BP) by two-step optimization (one-factor-at-a-time and taguchi orthogonal array design). In the first step, medium components, such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, and mineral sources, were selected for HA production in Streptococcus sp. ID9102 (KCTC 11935BP) using the one-factor-at-a-time...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 21, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Im JH, Song JM, Kang JH, Kang DJ Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Lignocellulolytic enzyme activity, substrate utilization, and mushroom yield by Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on substrate containing anaerobic digester solids.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Solid waste from anaerobic digestion of litter from the commercial production of broiler chickens has limited use as fertilizer. Its disposal is a major problem for digester operators who are seeking alternative use for anaerobic digester solids, also referred to as solid waste (SW). The use of SW as substrates for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus strain MBFBL400 was investigated. Lignocellulolytic enzymes activity, substrate utilization, and mushroom yield were evaluated in ten different substrate combinations (SCs) containing varying amounts of solid waste, wheat straw, and millet. Nutritional content of mushro...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 17, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Isikhuemhen OS, Mikiashvilli NA Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

A newly isolated Paecilomyces sp. WSH-L07 for laccase production: isolation, identification, and production enhancement by complex inducement.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, an easily detectable method was employed for screening laccase-producing microorganisms by using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) as laccase-secretion indicator. A novel laccase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Paecilomyces sp. WSH-L07 according to the morphological characteristics and the comparison of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene sequences. In further investigation, the production of laccase by Paecilomyces sp. WSH-L07 was greatly enhanced by the nontoxic inducers of copper sulphate and methylene blue. Under the induction of 50 microM c...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 17, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Liu Z, Zhang D, Hua Z, Li J, Du G, Chen J Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Constitutive overexpression of asm2 and asm39 increases AP-3 production in the actinomycete Actinosynnema pretiosum.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study demonstrates that deregulated overexpression of regulatory genes is a feasible strategy to increase AP-3 production in A. pretiosum. PMID: 19609582 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 15, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ng D, Chin HK, Wong VV Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Diacetyl and acetoin production from whey permeate using engineered Lactobacillus casei.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The capability of Lactobacillus casei to produce the flavor-related compounds diacetyl and acetoin from whey permeate has been examined by a metabolic engineering approach. An L. casei strain in which the ilvBN genes from Lactococcus lactis, encoding acetohydroxyacid synthase, were expressed from the lactose operon was mutated in the lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldh) and in the pdhC gene, which codes for the E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. The introduction of these mutations resulted in an increased capacity to synthesize diacetyl/acetoin from lactose in whey permeate (1,400 mg/l at pH 5.5). The result...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 15, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nadal I, Rico J, Pérez-Martínez G, Yebra MJ, Monedero V Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Factors affecting the production of L: -xylulose by resting cells of recombinant Escherichia coli.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Factors affecting the production of the rare sugar L: -xylulose from xylitol using resting cells were investigated. An E. coli BPT228 strain that recombinantly expresses a gene for xylitol dehydrogenase was used in the experiments. The ratio of xylitol to L: -xylulose was three times lower in the cytoplasm than in the medium. The effects of pH, temperature, shaking speed, and initial xylitol concentration on L: -xylulose production were investigated in shaking flasks using statistical experimental design methods. The highest production rates were found at high shaking speed and at high temperature (over 44 degrees C). ...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Usvalampi A, Kiviharju K, Leisola M, Nyyssölä A Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Enhanced D: -ribose biosynthesis in batch culture of a transketolase-deficient Bacillus subtilis strain by citrate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effects of citrate addition on D: -ribose production were investigated in batch culture of a transketolase-deficient strain, Bacillus subtilis EC2, in shake flasks and bioreactors. Batch cultures in shake flasks and a 5-l reactor indicated that supplementation with 0.2-0.5 g l(-1) of citrate enhanced D: -ribose production. When B. subtilis EC2 was cultivated in a 15-l reactor in a complex medium, the D: -ribose concentration was 70.9 g l(-1) with a ribose yield of 0.497 mol mol(-1). When this strain was grown in the same medium supplemented with 0.3 g l(-1) of citrate, 83.4 g l(-1) of D: -ribose were obt...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Wu L, Li Z, Ye Q Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Enhanced expression of engineered ACA-less beta-1, 6-N-acetylglucosaminidase (dispersin B) in Escherichia coli.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study demonstrates the effectiveness of ACA-less mRNA and the advantage of GFP tagging for enhanced dispersin B production and quantification, which could be adapted for improving the production of other commercially important proteins in E. coli. PMID: 19597857 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 13, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yakandawala N, Gawande PV, Lovetri K, Romeo T, Kaplan JB, Madhyastha S Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Synthesis of fatty acid esters and diacylglycerols at elevated temperatures by alkalithermophilic lipases from Thermosyntropha lipolytica.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
LipA and LipB of Thermosyntropha lipolytica DSM 11003 as previously published are the most alkalithermophilic (pH (opt) (25 degrees C) = 9.4-9.6, T (opt) = 96 degrees C) and thermostable (T (1/2) (24 h) = 74-76 degrees C) lipases currently known. The purified enzymes were analyzed in organic solvents for their ability to catalyze synthesis of diacylglycerols and various alcohol fatty acids. To obtain 100% recovery and avoid a 40% and 50% loss of catalytic activity during lyophilization of purified LipA and LipB, respectively, addition of 1 mg/ml bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 25% polyethylene glycol (PEG400) was requir...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - July 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Salameh MA, Wiegel J Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals