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454 records returned

First detection and molecular identification of Borrelia garinii isolated from human skin in Taiwan.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Borrelia garinii, a causative agent for Lyme disease, was detected and identified from human skin for the first time in Taiwan. Lyme disease infection was confirmed by Western immunoblot tests and isolation of Borrelia spirochetes from skin biopsy specimens. The genetic identity of this detected spirochete was determined by analyzing the gene sequence amplified by a genospecies-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay based on the 5S (rrf)-23S (rrl) intergenic spacer amplicon gene of B. burgdorferi sensu lato. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that the sequence similarity of this detected spirochete is highly homogen...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Chao LL, Chen YJ, Shih CM Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Killing of adherent microbes by a non-thermal atmospheric plasma jet.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Non-thermal atmospheric plasma jets can be used for the disinfection of dental surfaces. PMID: 19910483 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Rupf S, Lehmann A, Hannig M, Schafer B, Schubert A, Feldmann U, Schindler A Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Management of obstructive renal failure caused by bilateral renal aspergilloma in an immunocompetent newborn.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Kidneys fungal infection is a rare condition which has been reported in premature babies and in diabetic or immunocompromised adult patients. Candida spp is the most frequent microorganism involved. This paper reports a case of an immunocompetent newborn with a bladder exstrophy who suffered from an acute renal failure caused by bilateral renal aspergilloma (Aspergillus flavus). The newborn was treated with amphotericin B urinary tract irrigation through bilateral nephrostomy catheters combined with liposomal amphotericin B and voriconazole therapy, which improved his renal function. However, due to persistent fungal c...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Martinez-Pajares JD, Martinez-Ferriz C, Moreno-Perez D, Garcia-Ramirez M, Martin-Carballido S, Blanch-Iribarne P Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Staphylococcus gallinarum.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Herein, we describe what is believed to be the first case of traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Staphylococcus gallinarum following injury with an iron nail. The patient was successfully treated with vitrectomy and intravitreal injection of cefazolin and vancomycin. PMID: 19910485 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tibra NK, Jalali S, Reddy AK, Narayanan R, Agarwal R Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Apoptosis in Candida biofilms exposed to amphotericin B.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, specific staining methods were used to investigate the existence of persisters and apoptosis in Candida biofilms subjected to different concentrations of amphotericin B. Fluorescein diacetate staining revealed the presence of persisters in biofilms of one of two strains of C. albicans tested, and in biofilms of C. krusei and C. parapsilosis. Caspase activity, indicative of apoptosis, was detected with SR-FLICA and D2R fluorochrome-based staining reagents in all of these biofilms. The general inhibitor of mammalian caspases, Z-VAD-FMK, when used at a low concentration (2.5 muM), increased the viability of dru...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Al-Dhaheri RS, Douglas LJ Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Evaluation of PCR MP method for intra-species differentiation of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton interdigitale.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In order to identify the sources of infection caused by dermatophytes as well as the pathogen transmission pathway there is the need to determine the methods that allow for the deep genetic differentiation of the strains within the genus. In this work for the first time PCR MP technique based on the ligation of adaptors and the difference in the melting temperatures of DNA restriction fragments was used for intraspecies genotyping of dermatophytes. Clinical isolates and reference strains of dermatophytes isolated from skin, toe and finger nails were used for this study. PCR MP (PCR Melting Profiles) and RAPD method has...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Leibner-Ciszak J, Dobrowolska A, Krawczyk B, Kaszuba A, Staczek P Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

In vitro interactions between primycin and different statins in their effects against some clinically important fungi.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The in vitro antifungal activities of primycin and various statins against some opportunistic pathogenic fungi were investigated. Primycin completely inhibited the growth of Candida albicans (MIC: 64 microg ml(-1)) and Candida glabrata (MIC: 32 microg ml(-1)), and was very effective against Paecilomyces variotii (MIC: 2 microg ml(-1)), but it had little effect on Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus or Rhizopus oryzae (MIC: >64 microg ml(-1)). The fungi exhibited different degrees of sensitivity to the statins; fluvastatin and simvastatin exerted potent antifungal activities against a wide variety of clinically...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 29, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nyilasi I, Kocsube S, Pesti M, Lukacs G, Papp T, Vagvolgyi C Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

DNA sequence analysis of cagA 3' motifs of Helicobacter pylori strains from patients with peptic ulcer diseases.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, this study shows that our patients harbor cagA positive H. pylori strains with EPIYA motifs of the Western type and the increase in the number of EPIYA-C motifs was significantly associated with DU and GU than with gastritis indicating predictive association with the severity of the disease. PMID: 19850704 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 22, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Salih BA, Bolek BK, Arikan S Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Clostridium sordellii lethal toxin gene is not detectable by PCR in the intestinal flora of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome cases or infants who died of other causes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Infection caused by Clostridium sordellii translocated from the gastrointestinal tract has been reported to cause septic shock, often resulting in fatality. The organism's major virulence factor, lethal toxin (LT), is responsible for fatal outcome after C. sordellii infection. We designed an experiment to explore the possibility of C. sordellii colonising the intestinal tract contributing to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, possibly via a fatal toxaemia. The feasibility of the methodology was demonstrated using a spiked culture of intestinal contents. Cultures grown from intestinal contents of fifty infants meeting the 19...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 22, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Highet AR, Gibson CS, Goldwater PN Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Role and clinical course of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli infections in childhood acute diarrhoea, Argentina.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the data obtained in this study increase the knowledge on the role and clinical course of VTEC infection in childhood acute diarrhoea beyond bloody diarrhea, and might be considered for the prevention, diagnosis and management of this disease. It is possible that the optimal approach for VTEC diagnosis could be through searching by multiplex PCR for the presence of vt1, vt2, eae and ehxA genes. PMID: 19850706 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 22, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Rivero MA, Passucci JA, Rodriguez EM, Parma AE Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Moraxella catarrhalis bacteraemia associated with prosthetic vascular graft infection.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Moraxella catarrhalis, formerly called Branhamella catarrhalis, Neisseria catarrhalis or Micrococcus catarrhalis, is a gram-negative, aerobic diplococcus frequently found as a colonizer of the upper respiratory tract. Over the last 20-30 years, this bacterium has emerged as a genuine pathogen and is now considered an important cause of otitis media in children and an etiologic agent in pneumonia in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, bacteraemia due to M. catarrhalis has rarely been reported. Presented below, is a case of M. catarrhalis bacteraemia associated with prosthetic vascular graft infec...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 22, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sano N, Matsunaga S, Akiyama T, Nakashima Y, Kusaba K, Nagasawa Z, Koizumi S, Goto M, Miyamoto H Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Fatal spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and necrotizing fasciitis with bacteremia caused by Bacillus cereus in a patient with cirrhosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and necrotizing fasciitis caused by Bacillus cereus in a cirrhotic patient without preceding disruption of skin or symptoms of gastroenteritis. This rapidly fatal infection due to B. cereus adds to the long list of etiologies of infectious complications among patients with cirrhosis of the liver. PMID: 19850708 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 22, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Lee YL, Shih SD, Weng YJ, Chen C, Liu CE Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Development and Evaluation of Internal Amplification Controls (IACs) for use in a real time duplex PCR assay for detection of Campylobacter coli and C. jejuni.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A common problem of both conventional and real time PCR assays is failure of DNA amplification due to the presence of inhibitory substances in samples. In view of this, our aim was to develop and evaluate Internal Amplification Controls (IACs) for use with an existing duplex real time PCR assay for Campylobacter coli and C. jejuni. Both competitive and non-competitive IACs were developed and evaluated. The competitive approach involved a DNA fragment of the coding region of the viral fish haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, flanked by the mapA PCR primers, whilst the non-competitive approach utilised an extra set of univer...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Randall L, Leema F, Rodgers J, Vidal A, Clifton-Hadley F Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

The Changing Aetiology of Paediatric Bacteraemia in England and Wales, 1998-2007.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study identifies the commonest causes of bacteraemia in children in England and Wales, and highlights the shifts in trends observed over time. PMID: 19833780 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Henderson KL, Johnson AP, Muller-Pebody B, Charlett A, Gilbert R, Sharland M Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Disease burden due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (group G and C streptococci; GGS/GCS) is higher than due to S. pyogenes among Mumbai school children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was carried out in India where burden of streptococcal diseases, including rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD), is high. As part of surveillance study, throat swabs were taken from 1504 children attending seven municipal schools in Mumbai, India during 2006-08. GAS and GGS/GCS were identified on the basis of beta-haemolytic activity, group carbohydrate and PYR-test, and subsequently typed. The GGS/GCS carriage rate (166/1504, 10%) was eight-fold higher than the GAS carriage (22/1504, 1.4%) rate in this population. The 166 GGS/GCS isolates collected represented 21 different emm-types (molecular...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Bramhachari PV, Kaul SY, McMillan DJ, Shaila MS, Karmarkar MG, Sriprakash KS Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Rapid detection of Streptococcus agalactiae from swabs by Peptide Nucleic Acid Fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA FISH).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The applicability of the PNA FISH (peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization) method for detection of Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B streptococci - GBS) from swab samples was evaluated. Three swab sample processing protocols with different time-to-result (TTR) were compared, including (i) direct smearing of fresh swabs onto microscope slides (n = 153; TTR 2.5 h), (ii) further extraction and concentration of cells from these same swabs (n = 153; TTR 2.7 h), and (iii) short term LIM broth enrichment culture incubation (7 h, 37 degrees C) of fresh swabs (n = 120; TTR 9.5 h). Sensitivity, specificity, posi...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Peltroche-Llacsahuanga H, Fiandaca MJ, von Oy S, Lütticken R, Haase G Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Genetic Analysis of High-Level Mupirocin Resistance in ST80 clone of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Four Community- associated MRSA isolates expressing high-level mupirocin resistance (MIC: >1024mg/L) were isolated from four sites of a diabetic patient and characterized for the genetic location of their resistance determinants and typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), SCCmec coagulase gene and multilocus sequence typing to ascertain their relatedness. The presence of genes for resistance to high-level mupirocin (mupA), tetracycline (tetK) and fusidic acid (far 1), Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), accessory gene regulators (agr) and capsular polysaccharide (cap) were detected in PCR assays. They we...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Udo EE, Sarkhoo E Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Phylogenetic studies of genus Nocardia species based on gyrB gene analyses.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Phylogenetic analyses of 56 type species of Nocardia were conducted using the partial nucleotide sequences of gyrase B (gyrB) gene. The interspecies similarities of gyrB gene for 56 type species of Nocardia are 82.4-99.9%, which correspond to 270-2 nucleotide differences in the partial gene sequences around 1,200 bp. In comparison to phylogenetic relations, gyrB gene sequence information is generally consistent with that of 16S rRNA gene sequences with minor exceptions. However, the degree of divergence of gyrB gene sequences is approximately 3.6 times greater than that of 16S rRNA gene sequences, suggesting a higher d...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Takeda K, Kang Y, Yazawa K, Gonoi T, Mikami Y Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Comparison of nasopharyngeal nylon flocked swabs with universal transport medium and rayon bud swabs with a sponge reservoir of viral transport medium in the diagnosis of paediatric influenza.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study compared a kit containing a nasopharyngeal nylon flocked swab and a tube with a liquid universal transport medium (UTM) with a kit containing a plastic shafted rayon budded swab with a sponge reservoir of viral transport medium for the molecular detection of influenza viruses in children. Respiratory samples were collected from 314 children aged <5 yrs with influenza-like illness (186 males; mean age, 2.32 +/- 2.27 yrs) using both swabs in a randomised sequence for each patient. The flocked swabs permitted to detect 28 influenza A (8.9%) and 45 influenza B cases (14.3%), and the rayon bud swabs 26 influenza A...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 7, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Esposito S, Molteni CG, Daleno C, Valzano A, Cesati L, Gualtieri L, Tagliabue C, Bosis S, Principi N Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Visualization of adherent micro organisms - different techniques.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Visualization and quantification of adherent bacteria still is one of the most important topics in microbiology. The aim of the present short review was to give an insight into traditional and current methods for the visualization and quantification of adherent bacteria or biofilms with a special focus on the experiences gained in dental research. PMID: 19815663 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 7, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Hannig C, Follo M, Hellwig E, Al-Ahmad A Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Diversity in cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI) of Helicobacter pylori isolates from North and South Indian populations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) has been reported to be the major virulence determinant of Helicobacter pylori-related diseases. In the present study diversity in cagA gene and integrity of cagPAI in one hundred fifty eight H. pylori strains of Varanasi (North India) and Hyderabad (South India) were studied by amplifying cagA gene (ca 3.5 kb) followed by PCR-RFLP analysis. Results revealed significant differences in cagA gene and the integrity of cagPAI between North and South Indian isolates. Out of 158 isolates, 40 (34.8%) from Varanasi and 20 (46.5%) of Hyderabad were found to carry intact cagPAI. Partially de...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 7, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kumar S, Kumar A, Dixit VK Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa detoxified lipopolysaccharide structures as inducers of cytokines and oxidative species in macrophages.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Multi-drug resistance to several strains of Vibrio cholerae supported the anti-cholera vaccine developmental attempts via various sub-cellular moieties. In order to examine immunological efficacy of dLPS derived saccharidic immunogens, ex vivo activation of mouse peritoneal macrophage was investigated. Immunomodulatory effect was evaluated via induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, IL-6 and acceleration of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (NOS/ROS). Immunologically active structures triggered mouse peritoneal macrophages to cytokine secretion and NOS/ROS release, even at very low concent...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 7, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Paulovicova E, Kovacova E, Bystricky S Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Mycoplasma salivarium detected in a microbial community with Candida glabrata in the biofilm of an occluded biliary stent.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe here for the first time, the detection of M. salivarium, together with Candida glabrata, in an occluded biliary stent of an icteric, cholestatic patient. PMID: 19815666 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - October 7, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Henrich B, Schmitt M, Bergmann N, Zanger K, Kubitz R, Haeussinger D, Pfeffer K Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Molecular identification of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in an Italian patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Recently we described the case of a 52-year-old woman with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome in association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In view of the literature supporting the involvement of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis(MAP)in autoimmune disease and an autoimmune etiology of MRS, we performed blood tests for the presence of MAP. The PCR data show a band that co-migrates with the positive control at the predicted 298 bp amplicon size. The sequenced DNA of the representative sample band showed 100 % identity with MAP IS900. PMID: 19797462 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: D'Amore M, Lisi S, Sisto M, Cucci L, Dow CT Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Fulminant necrotizing fasciitis due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, V. parahaemolyticus should be considered as a possible causative agent of necrotizing fasciitis, especially in patients with underlying diseases. Early diagnosis and prompt aggressive debridement associated with antibiotic therapy are essential in order to save the patient's life, because clinical evolution can be fulminant and mortality rates are high. PMID: 19797463 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tena D, Arias M, Alvarez BT, Mauleon C, Jimenez MP, Bisquert J Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Accelerated Identification of Staphylococcus aureus from Blood Cultures by a Modified Fluorescence in situ Hybridisation (FISH) procedure.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We evaluated fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) for rapid identification of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci directly from blood cultures. Initially 360 blood cultures containing Gram-positive cocci were investigated by a previously described microwave-FISH procedure. 44 of 49 (89.7%) S. aureus and 298 of 299 (99.7%) coagulase-negative staphylococci were correctly identified. Because FISH proved useful and reliable, but handling was found inconvenient, the method was modified by employing a recently developed slide chamber. The required time was thereby reduced from one hour to half an ...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Poppert S, Riecker M, Wellinghausen N, Frickmann H, Essig A Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Potential use of a liposome-encapsulated mixture of lipopolysaccharide core types (R1, R2, R3 and R4) of Escherichia coli in controlling colisepticaemia in chickens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study determined the possible use of a liposome encapsulated mixture of rough LPSs of core types R1, R2, R3 and R4 in controlling infections caused by E. coli in chickens. The liposome which encapsulated LPS consisted of egg phosphatidylcholine, bovine brain phosphatidylserine and cholesterol. As determined by Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay, the endotoxicity of liposome incorporated LPS was at least 700 times lower than free LPS. Induction of nitric oxide production and expression of inflammatory genes by free LPS and liposome-incorporated LPS, when tested on chicken macrophage cell line (HD11), showed that liposome ...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Dissanayake DR, Wijewardana TG, Gunawardena GA, Poxton IR Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Nocardia cyriacigeorgica: First case of endocarditis with disseminated soft tissue infection and a review of the literature.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present a case report of an 85 year old female patient in the UK who was found to have a multi-focal soft tissue infection from which N. cyriacigeorgica was isolated. She had a background history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and corticosteroid use for polymyalgia rheumatica. During the course of her treatment echocardiography showed the presence of a mobile heart mass attached to a valve leaflet, a major Dukes criterion for endocarditis. We suggest that in cases of disseminated Nocardia infection, endocarditis should be excluded, particularly in cases failing to respond to treatment. We also review the previ...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Cargill JS, Boyd GJ, Weightman NC Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Postoperative spondylodiscitis due to Kytococcus schroeteri in a diabetic woman.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the first case of a spondylodiscitis due to Kytococcus schroeteri identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. PMID: 19797467 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jacquier H, Allard A, Richette P, Ea HK, Sanson-le Pors MJ, Bercot B Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Detection of Cardiobacterium valvarum in a patient with aortic valve infective endocarditis by broad-range PCR.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cardiobacterium valvarum, a fastidious gram-negative bacterium, was detected in the aortic valve of a previously healthy 63-year-old man by broad-range PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In contrast to five previously published cases, our patient had neither congenital bicuspid nor prosthetic aortic valve. Here, we present a case of C. valvarum native tricuspid aortic valve infective endocarditis and a review of the literature. PMID: 19797468 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Vanerkova M, Zaloudikova B, Nemcova E, Jurankova J, Pol J, Cerny J, Nemec P, Freiberger T Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Allele variability of critical virulence genes (eae, bfpA and perA) in typical and atypical EPEC in Peruvian children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) are a leading cause of infantile diarrhea in developing countries. The aim of this study was to describe the allelic diversity of critical virulence EPEC genes and their association with clinical characteristics. 120 EPEC strains isolated from a cohort diarrhea study in Peruvian children were characterized for the allele type of eae (intimin), bfpA (bundlin pilin protein of bundle-forming pilus) and perA (plasmid encoded regulator) genes by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Atypical EPEC strains (eae+, bfp-) were the most common pathotype in diarrhea (54/74, 73%) and...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Contreras C, Ochoa TJ, Lacher DW, Debroy C, Navarro A, Talledo M, Donnenberg MS, Ecker L, Gil AI, Lanata CF, Cleary TG Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

A quadraplexed real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and differentiation of the Clostridium botulinum toxin genes A, B, E and F.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report describes the development of a qPCR single-tube assay that uniquely identifies these four BoNTs responsible for human disease. A total of 79 C. botulinum isolates with varying toxin types were evaluated in this study, as well as numerous near-neighbors and other bacterial species. Results showed that this quadraplexed assay was capable of detecting any of the four toxin genes in a given sample at a sensitivity of about 130-840 fg of genomic DNA and could detect the presence of up to all four BoNT genes simultaneously in a given sample. The assay was also functional in the presence of extraneous organic matter c...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 23, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Satterfield BA, Stewart AF, Lew CS, Pickett DO, Cohen MN, Moore EA, Luedtke PF, O'Neill KL, Robison RA Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Evaluation of ITS2-RFLP-analysis for the identification of dermatophytes (Fungi).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A total of 95 isolates, belonging to 33 species of 5 dermatophyte genera, i.e. Arthroderma (15 species), Chrysosporium (2), Epidermophyton (1), Microsporum (3) and Trichophyton (12), were studied with ITS2-PCR-RFLP analysis (ITS2-RFLP), consisting of amplification of the ITS2 region, restriction digestion with BstUI (CG/CG) and restriction fragment length determination by capillary electrophoresis on an ABI Prism 310 (Applied BioSystems). ITS2-RFLP-analysis proved to be most useful for identification of species of the genera Arthroderma, Chrysosporium and Epidermophyton, but could not distinguish between several Tricho...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 23, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: De Baere T, Summerbell R, Theelen B, Boekhout T, Vaneechoutte M Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

VopF, a type III effector protein from a non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae strain demonstrates toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae model.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
VopF, a type III effector protein has been identified as a contributory factor to the intestinal colonization of T3SS positive non O1, non-O139 V. cholerae strains. To gain more insight of the function of VopF, a yeast model was developed. We observed that ectopic expression of VopF conferred toxicity in yeast. PMID: 19779031 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 23, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tripathi R, Naorem Singh S, Dureja C, Haldar S, Mondal AK, Raychaudhuri S Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Subinhibitory concentrations of moxifloxacin decrease adhesion and biofilm formation of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from cystic fibrosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging nosocomial bacterial pathogen which is currently isolated with increasing frequency from the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We evaluated the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of moxifloxacin against adhesion, biofilm formation, and cell-surface hydrophobicity of two strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from CF patients. Adhesion and biofilm formation assays were carried out on polystyrene and quantified by colony counts. CSH was determined by adhesion to n-hexadecane test. Moxifloxacin at 0.03x and 0.06xMIC caused a significant decrease of adhesion...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Pompilio A, Catavitello C, Picciani C, Confalone P, Piccolomini R, Savini V, Fiscarelli E, D'Antonio D, Di Bonaventura G Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Effect of Bile Salts on DNA and Membrane Integrity of Enteric Bacteria.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe the role of membrane transport systems and their connection with DNA repair pathways to confer bile resistance to these enterics. We discuss the findings from recent investigations that indicate bile tolerance is dependent upon being able to resist the detergent properties of bile at both the membrane and DNA level. PMID: 19762477 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Merritt ME, Donaldson JR Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Molecular emm genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolated from invasive and noninvasive infections.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To analyze characteristics of infections caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, clinical isolates (n=145) were collected at 11 medical institutions between September 2003 and October 2005. These isolates belonged to Lancefield group A (n=5), group C (n=18), or group G (n=122). Among all isolates, 42 strains were isolated from sterile samples such as blood, synovial fluid, and tissue specimens from patients, - mostly over 50 years with invasive infections -, and included 7 cases of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis. In contrast, the remaining 103 were mainly isolated from pat...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sunaoshi K, Murayama SY, Adachi K, Yagoshi M, Okuzumi K, Chiba N, Morozumi M, Ubukata K Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Zoonotic transmission of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus from a dog to a handler.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This is the first case report to describe the direct transmission of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus from an infected dog to a handler who subsequently developed severe systemic infection. Characterisation of the haemolytic streptococci isolated from both patients, by phenotypic and molecular analysis, confirmed the canine and human isolates were identical. PMID: 19745031 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Abbott Y, Acke E, Khan S, Muldoon E, Markey B, Pinilla M, Leonard F, Steward K, Waller AS Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Development of ertapenem resistance in a patient with mediastinitis caused by an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To study the clinical and microbiological features associated with a carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolate that has been selected in vivo by an ertapenem-containing regimen in a patient with mediastinitis despite high blood and mediastinal levels of ertapenem. Carbapenem-resistance was characterized by conjugation, PCR, DNA sequencing and analysis of outer-membrane proteins. The isolates susceptible and resistant to the carbapenems were compared by ribotyping and PFGE. Resistance to all available beta-lactams was most probably due to combined production of extended spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M-15 and loss of OmpK...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Skurnik D, Lasocki S, Bremont S, Muller-Serieys C, Kitzis D, Courvalin P, Andremont A, Montravers P Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Identification of virulence determinants of Mycobacterium avium which impact the ability to resist host killing mechanisms.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
230 Summary31 Mycobacterium avium is an opportunistic pathogen associated with pulmonary disease in non-32 AIDS patients and disseminated infection in patients with AIDS. The chief route of infection is33 by colonizing and invading mucosa of gastrointestinal tract, but infection through the respiratory34 route also occurs. After crossing the mucosa, M. avium infects and replicates within tissue35 macrophages.36 To identify M. avium genes required for survival in vivo, a library of signature-tagged37 transposon mutants was constructed and screened for clones attenuated in mice. Thirty-two38 clones were found attenuated ...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Li Y, Danelishvili L, Wagner D, Petrofsky M, Bermudez L Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Toxic megacolon complicating a Clostridium difficile infection in a pregnant woman : case report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a case of severe CDI during pregnancy in a patient who did not have the traditional risk factors for CDI, such as antibiotic use, concurrent hospitalizations or immunodeficiency. There is recent evidence that Clostridium difficile-associated disease severity and frequency may be increasing not only in high-risk populations (hospitalized, immunocompromised or elderly patients) but also among younger and healthier patients from the community. Further research into the scope and risk factors during pregnancy for CDI is warranted. PMID: 19745034 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Candiotto A, Pascoli I, Gritti A, Busato E, Dal Pozzo G Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Alterations on the structure of Leishmania major induced by N arylisoquinolines correlate with compound accumulation and disposition.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids equipped with an N,C-hetero-'biaryl' axis and, in particular, simplified synthetic analogs thereof, kill intracellular Leishmania major at concentrations in the low sub-micromolar range, while being significantly less toxic to their major host cell, the macrophage, at the same concentrations. To further investigate their mechanism of action we evaluated the morphological and ultrastructural changes induced by specific arylisoquinolines in L. major and the correlation of these changes with compound accumulation and disposition by the parasite. After 24 h of treatment with the synthetic ary...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ponte Sucre A, Gulder T, Gulder T, Vollmers G, Bringmann G, Moll H Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Daptomycin is not active against rapidly growing Mycobacteria.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We evaluated in vitro the activity of daptomycin against rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM). According to EUCAST breakpoints, the MIC measured classifies RGM as resistant to daptomycin. PMID: 19745036 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Bastian S, Brossier F, Wichlacz C, Jarlier V, Veziris N Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Effect of Age on Susceptibility to Salmonella typhimurium Infection in C57BL/6 Mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Aging is associated with a decline in immune function, which predisposes the elderly to higher incidence of infections. Information on the mechanism of age-related increase in susceptibility to ST is limited. In particular, little is known regarding the involvement of the immune response in this age-related difference. We employed the streptomycin (STREP)-pretreated C57BL/6 mice to develop a mouse model that would demonstrate age-related difference in susceptibility and immune response to ST. In this model, old mice inoculated orally with 3x10(8) CFU or 1x10(6) CFU doses of ST, had significantly greater ST colonization...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ren Z, Gay R, Thomas A, Pae M, Wu D, Logsdon L, Mecsas J, Meydani SN Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Metabolism of azo dyes by human skin microbiota.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Reduction of Methyl Red and Orange II by 26 human skin bacterial species was monitored by a rapid spectrophotometric assay. The analysis indicated that skin bacteria, representing the genera Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Micrococcus, Dermacoccus, and Kocuria, were able to reduce Methyl Red by 74-100% in 24 h, with only three species unable to reduce completely the dye in that time. Among the species tested, only C. xerosis was unable to reduce Orange II to any degree by 24 h, and only Staphy. delphini, Staphy. sciuri sciuri, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were able to reduce completely this dye within 24 h. Methyl Red r...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Stingley R, Zou W, Heinze T, Chen H, Cerniglia C Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Identification of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria with a lipopolysaccharide specific monoclonal antibody.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The genus Burkholderia includes many bacteria that cause serious human infections. As is the case with other Gram-negative bacteria, Burkholderia species produce lipopolysaccharides (LPS) which is an abundant component of the bacterial cell surface. Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria (including at least 17 separate species) produce LPS structures that are quite different. In an attempt to determine the degree of LPS epitope variation among Bcc species, we produced a monoclonal antibody (mAb), designated 5D8, specific for the LPS of B. cepacia. Western blot analysis determined that mAb 5D8 was able to produce t...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Aucoin DP, Crump R, Thorkildson P, Nuti D, Lipuma J, Kozel T Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

New complex class 1 integron carrying an ISCR1 element in Escherichia coli clinical isolates harbouring the blaCMY-11 gene.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Plasmid profiles, Southern blot hybridization, and conjugation assays revealed that the blaCMY-11 gene, responsible for beta-lactam resistance, was located on a noble complex class 1 integron within a conjugative plasmid. A sul1-type class 1 integron, harboring dfrA12, orfF, and aadA2a gene cassettes, was identified upstream of an ISCR1 element and ended with a truncated 3' conserved segment. The nucleotide sequence analyses of blaCMY-1, blaCMY-8, blaCMY-9, and blaCMY-11 genes indicate that there might be past transposition events by the ISCR1 element upstream of blaCMY-11. For the first time, a unique gene (yqgF-yqgE-...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Song JS, Jang SJ, Bae IK, Lee HJ, Jeong BC, Lee SH Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Syphilis serology in HIV patients: a need to re-define VDRL cut-off for biological false positives.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No abstract. PMID: 19729459 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sharma M, Wanchu A, Biswal M, Banga SS, Sethi S Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

In memoriam - John Jaques Bullen (1920-2009).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Authors: PMID: 19675113 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - August 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Quantitative detection of periodontopathic bacteria in atherosclerotic plaques from coronary arteries.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum-periodonticum-simiae group, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Tannerella forsythia in atheromatous plaques from coronary arteries was determined by real-time PCR. Forty-four patients displaying cardiovascular disease were submitted to periodontal examination and endarterectomy of coronary arteries. Approximately, 60 mg to 100 mg of atherosclerotic tissues were surgically removed and DNA was obtained. The quantitative detection of periodontopathic bacteria was performed by using species-spe...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - August 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Gaetti-Jardim E, Marcelino SL, Feitosa AC, Romito GA, Avila-Campos MJ Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals