Journal of Medical Screening
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The national institute for health research (nihr) health technology assessment (hta) programme
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Miscellanea Source Type: journals
Combining carotid intima-media thickness with carotid plaque on screening for coronary heart disease
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Conclusion
In screening for CHD, combining carotid IMT measurement with plaque assessment is better than using either measurement alone, but the improvement in discrimination is not sufficient to make carotid ultrasound screening for CHD worthwhile. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Wald, D. S, Bestwick, J. P, Morton, G., Drummond, L., Jenkins, N., Khodabakhsh, P., Curzen, N. P Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Carotid ultrasound screening for coronary heart disease: results based on a meta-analysis of 18 studies and 44,861 subjects
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Conclusion
Neither carotid plaque nor IMT has a CHD screening performance that is sufficiently discriminatory between affected and unaffected individuals to be a worthwhile screening test. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Wald, D. S, Bestwick, J. P Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Tumour size at detection according to different measures of mammographic breast density
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Conclusions
Of the breast density measures assessed, either dense area or per cent density are suitable measures for identifying women who might benefit from more intensive mammographic screening or alternative screening strategies. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Nickson, C., Kavanagh, A. M Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Comparing interval breast cancer rates in Norway and North Carolina: results and challenges
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Conclusion
Even when applying a common set of definitions of interval cancer, the ICR was lower in Norway than in NC. Different definitions of interval cancer did not influence the ICR within Norway or NC. Organization of screening and screening performance might be major contributors to the differences in ICR between Norway and NC. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hofvind, S., Yankaskas, B. C, Bulliard, J.-L., Klabunde, C. N, Fracheboud, J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
The psychological impact of being offered surveillance colonoscopy following attendance at colorectal screening using flexible sigmoidoscopy
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Conclusion
The results of the current study are broadly reassuring and indicate that referral for colonoscopic surveillance is not associated with adverse psychological consequences. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Miles, A., Atkin, W. S, Kralj-Hans, I., Wardle, J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Is umbilical cord blood total thyroxin measurement effective in newborn screening for hypothyroidism?
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Conclusion
The use of CB-TT4 is a valid screening strategy for primary congenital hypothyroidism. It meets the metabolic screening demands of early discharge policy and guarantees screening all newborns delivered in the hospital. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Abduljabbar, M, Al Shahri, A, Afifi, A Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Ductus venosus pulsatility index as an antenatal screening marker for Down's syndrome: use with the Combined and Integrated tests
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Conclusion
Addition of DVPI measurements to the Combined and Integrated tests substantially improves the efficacy and safety of antenatal Down's syndrome screening. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Borrell, A, Borobio, V, Bestwick, J P, Wald, N J Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
What now on screening for prostate cancer?
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 5, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Law, M. Tags: Editorial Source Type: journals
The national institute for health research (nihr) health technology assessment (hta) programme
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Miscellanea Source Type: journals
Erratum
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Schindeler, S., Stephen, M., Yeqin, Z., Deborah, B. Tags: Miscellanea Source Type: journals
Adjustment of serum markers in first trimester screening
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First trimester combined screening can be performed using maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, total human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and ultrasound measurement of nuchal translucency at 11–13 weeks of pregnancy. Our objective was to explore the effects of covariates on total hCG in the first trimester. First trimester total hCG levels were significantly increased in twins (median = 1.87 MoM), mildly increased in pregnancies achieved by in vitro fertilization (1.04 MoM) and decreased in smokers (0.80 MoM). (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lambert-Messerlian, G., Palomaki, G. E, Canick, J. A Tags: Short Communication Source Type: journals
Stage shift in PSA-detected prostate cancers - effect modification by Gleason score
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Conclusion
The observed stage shift could be partially explained by length bias or overdiagnosis. These findings may have implications on understanding pathways of prostate cancer progression and on identifying potential targets for screening, pending further investigation of complexities of associations between PSA testing, Gleason score, and stage. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Pashayan, N., Pharoah, P., Neal, D. E, Hamdy, F., Donovan, J., Martin, R. M, Greenberg, D., Duffy, S. W Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Validity of self-reported Pap smear history in Norwegian women
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Conclusions
Estimated screening rates, based on self-reporting without organized screening, are biased. Telescoping leads to increased risk for developing invasive disease, because women will postpone their next Pap smear. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Klungsoyr, O., Nygard, M., Skare, G., Eriksen, T., Nygard, J. F Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Variation in the cervical cancer screening compliance among women with disability
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Conclusions
In Taiwan, women with disability were found to be at higher risk of lower compliance than women without disability. The gap between women with and without disability persisted across different levels of physician availability. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Chen, L.-S., Chou, Y.-J., Tsay, J.-H., Lee, C.-H., Chou, P., Huang, N. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Invitation management initiative to improve uptake of breast cancer screening in an urban UK Primary Care Trust
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Conclusions
Phone calls and home visits resulted in only a moderate increase in breast cancer screening uptake. The initiative encouraged nervous attenders who were reassured about the screening process. However, more women declined screening than were screened and the initiative made it easier for women to request to be permanently withdrawn from the NHSBSP. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Kearins, O., Walton, J., O'Sullivan, E., Lawrence, G. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Differences in endpoints between the Swedish W-E (two county) trial of mammographic screening and the Swedish overview: methodological consequences
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Conclusions
The conclusion that invitation to mammography screening reduces breast cancer mortality remains robust. Disagreements were mainly due to study design issues, while disagreements about cause of death were a minority. When secondary research does not adhere to the protocols of the primary research projects, the consequences of such design differences should be investigated and reported. Register linkage of trials can add follow-up information. The precision of trials with modest size is enhanced by individual monitoring of case status and outcome status such as determination of cause of death. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Holmberg, L, Duffy, S W, Yen, A M F, Tabar, L, Vitak, B, Nystrom, L, Frisell, J Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
League tables of breast cancer screening units: worst-case and best-case scenario ratings helped in exposing real differences between performance ratings
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Conclusions
The worst-case and best-case scenario ratings demonstrated the uncertainty within the ratings of a league table. League tables should therefore only be used with great caution and after providing the public with sufficient information. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lemmers, O., Broeders, M., Verbeek, A., Heeten, G. d., Holland, R., Borm, G. F Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Demographic variations in HIV testing history among emergency department patients: implications for HIV screening in US emergency departments
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Conclusion
Almost half of ED patients surveyed had never been tested for HIV. Certain demographic groups are being missed though HIV diagnostic testing and screening programmes in other settings. These groups could potentially be reached through universal screening. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Merchant, R. C, Catanzaro, B. M, Seage, G. R, Mayer, K. H, Clark, M. A, DeGruttola, V. G, Becker, B. M Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
The ability of the quadruple test to predict adverse perinatal outcomes in a high-risk obstetric population
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Conclusions
The quad screen shows value in predicting risk of APO in high-risk patients. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - June 28, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lao, M. R, Calhoun, B. C, Bracero, L. A, Wang, Y., Seybold, D. J, Broce, M., Hatjis, C. G Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Programme
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: journals
Response to Xu and Prorok
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Njor, S. H, Lynge, E. Tags: Letters Source Type: journals
On testing independence of repeated screening tests
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Xu, J.-L., Prorok, P. C Tags: Letters Source Type: journals
Five cases of triploidy identified through antenatal screening programme
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Liao, C., Li, D.-Z. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: journals
Evaluation of four years of prenatal screening for aneuploidies in Hospital S. Francisco Xavier using the integrated test
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We report an audit of our Prenatal Screening Programme for aneuploidies between March 2003 and August 2007. Overall detection and false positive rates were 86% and 3.6%, respectively. These results are similar to those predicted by the Serum, Urine and Ultrasound Screening Study (SURUSS). (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Rodrigues, L. C., Ramos-Dias, A. M., Carvalho, V., Cirurgiao, F. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: journals
Interval cancer incidence and episode sensitivity in the Norrbotten Mammography Screening Programme, Sweden
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Conclusion
Our study showed an interval cancer incidence of 38% and the episode sensitivity of 62–73%, depending on the method of calculation. Our results are of clinically acceptable level and concert with the reference values of the European guidelines. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Bordas, P., Jonsson, H., Nystrom, L., Lenner, P. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Willingness to undergo colorectal cancer screening in first-degree relatives of hospitalized patients with colorectal cancer
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Conclusions
Being a close relative of a colorectal cancer patient is positively related with willingness to undergo colonoscopy screening in this study. This cross-sectional study outlines a strategy for increasing the level of willingness to undergo colorectal cancer screening in a group of people at risk. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Delgado-Plasencia, L, Lopez-Tomassetti-Fernandez, E, Hernandez-Morales, A, Torres-Monzon, E, Gonzalez-Hermoso, F Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Comparison of emergency department HIV testing data with visit or patient as the unit of analysis
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Conclusions
Results changed little regardless of whether unique patients or unique visits were used as the unit of analysis. Any differences in positive rates were mitigated by the contribution of repeat testing to the identification of newly infected patients. Given these findings, and the difficulty of tracking repeat testing over time, visit-level analysis are appropriate for comparing programme outcomes when detailed modeling of epidemiology, cost, and/or outcomes is not required. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lyons, M. S, Lindsell, C. J, Raab, D. L, Ruffner, A. H, Trott, A. T, Fichtenbaum, C. J Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Premarital screening programmes for haemoglobinopathies, HIV and hepatitis viruses: review and factors affecting their success
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This literature review is a comprehensive summary of premarital (prenuptial) screening programmes for the most prevalent hereditary haemoglobinopathies, namely thalassaemia and sickle cell disease, and the important infections HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and hepatitis viruses B and C (HBV and HCV). It describes the background to premarital screening programmes and their value in countries where these diseases are endemic. The use of premarital screening worldwide is critically evaluated, including recent experiences in Saudi Arabia, followed by discussion of the outcomes of such programmes. Despite its many benefits...
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Alswaidi, F. M, O'Brien, S. J Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Evaluation of unilateral referrals on neonatal hearing screening
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Conclusion
Infants who pass one ear and refer one ear on neonatal hearing screening still need to have thorough and prompt evaluations. In many cases, the ear that passed can be found to have significant hearing loss. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Chang, K. W, O-Lee, T J, Price, M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Permanent and transient congenital hypothyroidism in Isfahan-Iran
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Conclusion
The rates of both permanent and transient CH in our study were higher than the comparable worldwide rates. The transient group had low T4 levels, suggesting that iodine contamination should be investigated. The aetiology of CH was also different from that recorded in many other studies. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hashemipour, M., Hovsepian, S., Kelishadi, R., Iranpour, R., Hadian, R., Haghighi, S., Gharapetian, A., Talaei, M., Amini, M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Antenatal screening for Down's syndrome using the Integrated test at two London hospitals
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We carried out an audit of antenatal screening for Down's syndrome using the Integrated test (which provides a single screening result from information collected in the late first and early second trimesters of pregnancy) which was introduced into routine antenatal care at two London hospitals, University College Hospital (UCH) and St Mary's Hospital, in 2003–4. The audit was based on 15,888 women who accepted screening and booked in the first trimester. The Down's syndrome detection rate was 87% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74–95) consistent with an expected detection rate of 89% based on applying the estima...
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Wald, N J, Huttly, W J, Murphy, K W, Ali, K, Bestwick, J P, Rodeck, C H Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Rubella seroprevalence in pregnant women in North Thames: estimates based on newborn screening samples
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Conclusion
Our findings highlight the need for vaccination to be targeted specifically at migrant women and their families to ensure that they are protected from rubella in pregnancy and its serious consequences. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - April 6, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hardelid, P, Cortina-Borja, M, Williams, D, Tookey, P A, Peckham, C S, Cubitt, W D, Dezateux, C Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Programme
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: journals
Erratum
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Goulard, H., Boussac-Zarebska, M., Ancelle-Park, R., Bloch, J. Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: journals
The cost of screening for gestational diabetes mellitus
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Wilson, N., Ashawesh, K., Smith, S., Anwar, A. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: journals
Audit of subjects with family history of colorectal cancer attending a familial cancer service
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Ledlie, N., Chorley, W., Hurst, N. Tags: Research Letter Source Type: journals
Consensus recommendations for cervical cancer prevention in the Czech Republic: a report of the International Conference on Human Papillomavirus in Human Pathology (Prague, 1-3 May 2008)
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A comparison of cervical cancer incidence and mortality in the Czech Republic with that from other countries shows that the burden of cervical cancer here is considerably higher than in Western Europe, where screening is widespread. In May 2008, the International Conference on Human Papillomavirus in Human Pathology was convened to review the latest evidence and to formulate consensus recommendations for the reduction of cervical cancer rates. The Czech Republic is spending considerable resources on cervical cancer prevention, but these resources are being used inefficiently. The current system is characterized by a lack o...
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Tachezy, R., Davies, P., Arbyn, M., Rob, L., Lazdane, G., Petrenko, J., Hamsikova, E., Bekova, A., Klozar, J., Duskova, J. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: journals
First trimester Down's syndrome screening marker values and cigarette smoking: new data and a meta-analysis on free {beta} human chorionic gonadotophin, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and nuchal translucency
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Conclusion
Adjusting first trimester screening markers for smoking has a minimal favourable effect on screening performance, but it is simple to implement and this paper provides the adjustment factors needed if a decision is made to make such an adjustment. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Bestwick, J. P, Huttly, W. J, Wald, N. J Tags: Short Communications Source Type: journals
Automated imaging of circulating fluorocytes for the diagnosis of erythropoietic protoporphyria: a pilot study for population screening
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Conclusion
This automated imaging system provides multiple advantages that improve the traditional fresh blood film method as a more effective diagnostic tool and facilitates population screening for EPP. As fluorocytes are present in the umbilical cord blood of EPP patients, this high-throughput method can be potentially used for newborn screening of EPP. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lau, K.-C., Lam, C.-W. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Normal endometrial cells in cervical cytology: systematic review of prevalence and relation to significant endometrial pathology
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Conclusion
Compared with conventional cytology, LBC may be associated with a higher prevalence of NECs but these are less likely to be associated with endometrial pathology. This finding might be explained by more consistent use of sampling instruments for LBC with better access to the endocervical canal or alternatively by changes over time, broadly coincident with the introduction of LBC, in the population in which NECs are reported. In followed-up women with NECs, most endometrial pathology is accompanied by symptoms, implying that a relatively smaller number of additional cases are identified through follow-up of asymp...
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Canfell, K., Kang, Y. J., Clements, M., Moa, A. M., Beral, V. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Impact of changing from annual to biennial mammographic screening on breast cancer outcomes in women aged 50-79 in British Columbia
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Conclusion
The proximal cancer outcomes considered (staging and survival) improved in women aged 40–49 but this was offset in women aged 50–79 associated with the change in screen frequency. These changes did not result in alterations in breast cancer mortality rates in either age group. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Coldman, A. J, Phillips, N., Olivotto, I. A, Gordon, P., Warren, L., Kan, L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Cost evaluation in a colorectal cancer screening programme by faecal occult blood test in the District of Florence
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Conclusion
Analysis of I-FOBT-organized population-based screening cost demonstrates lower cost at repeat compared with first screening and provides reference for decision-making in screening implementation. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Grazzini, G., Ciatto, S., Cislaghi, C., Castiglione, G., Falcone, M., Mantellini, P., Zappa, M., The Working Group of Regional Reference Centre for Oncological Screening of Tuscany Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Predicting the impact of the screening programme for colorectal cancer in the UK
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Conclusion
Percentage changes in mortality seem modest, but the projected saving in terms of numbers of lives is not negligible – 1800–2400 per year by 2025 in England (equivalent numbers are 2200–2700 in all over the UK). Newer screening modalities may improve on these projected results. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - December 23, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Parkin, D M, Tappenden, P, Olsen, A H, Patnick, J, Sasieni, P Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 15, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: journals
Erratum
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(Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 15, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Barnes, I M, Bestwick, J P, Larsen, S O Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: journals
Low-dose lung computed tomography screening before age 55: estimates of the mortality reduction required to outweigh the radiation-induced cancer risk
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Conclusion
Before age 50, the mortality reduction from lung CT screening that is required to outweigh the radiation risk may be substantial, and in some cases unattainable (i.e. >100%). (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 15, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Berrington de Gonzalez, A., Kim, K. P., Berg, C. D Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Getting adequate information across to colorectal cancer screening subjects can be difficult
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Conclusion
This study demonstrates that although an information leaflet was reported as being clear and readable, the information provided in it was not always understood well. This suggests that other educational options should be investigated in order to improve general knowledge of CRC in screening invitees. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 15, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: van Rijn, A F, van Rossum, L G M, Deutekom, M, Laheij, R J F, Bossuyt, P M M, Fockens, P, Dekker, E, Jansen, J B M J Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
French colorectal cancer screening pilot programme: results of the first round
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Conclusion
These results suggest that indicators are consistent with international references. During 2007–2008, the programme coverage will be progressively extended, and all 99 French districts should be actively involved in its implementation. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 15, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Goulard, H., Boussac-Zarebska, M., Ancelle-Park, R., Bloch, J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
Population characteristics related to colorectal cancer testing in New South Wales, Australia: results from the 45 and Up Study cohort
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Conclusion
Subgroups of the Australian population may require targeted intervention to ensure equity in colorectal cancer screening. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)
Source: Journal of Medical Screening - October 15, 2008 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Weber, M. F, Banks, E., Ward, R., Sitas, F. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals
