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Nanocomposites for Engineering ApplicationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - August 24, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Fracture Toughness of Vapor Grown Carbon Nanofiber-Reinforced Polyethylene CompositesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The impact fracture behavior of a vapor grown carbon nanofiber (VGCNF) reinforced high-density polyethylene (PE) composite was evaluated. The samples consisting of pure PE and composites with 10 wt% and 20 wt% of VGCNFs were prepared by a combination of hot-pressing and extrusion methods. Extrusion was used to produce samples with substantially different shear histories. The fracture behavior of these samples was analyzed using the essential work of fracture (EWF) approach. The results showed an increase of 292% in the essential work of fracture for the loading of 10 wt%. Further increa...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - August 13, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Strength and Fracture Resistance of Amorphous Diamond-Like Carbon Films for MEMSEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The mechanical strength and mixed mode I/II fracture toughness of hydrogen-free tetrahedral amorphous diamond-like carbon (ta-C) films, grown by pulsed laser deposition, are discussed in connection to material flaws and its microstructure. The failure properties of ta-C were obtained from films with thicknesses 0.5–3 μm and specimen widths 10–20 μm. The smallest test samples with 10 μm gage section averaged a strength of 7.3 ± 1.2 GPa, while the strength of 20-μm specimens with thicknesses 0.5–3 μm varied between 2.2–5.7&#x...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - July 29, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Reversible and Irreversible Binding of Nanoparticles to Polymeric SurfacesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Reversible and irreversible binding of CdSe-nanoparticles and nanorods to polymeric surfaces via a strong, multiple hydrogen bond (= Hamilton-receptor/barbituric acid) is described. Based on ROMP-copolymers, the supramolecular interaction on a thin polymer film is controlled by living polymerization methods, attaching the Hamilton-receptor in various architectures, and concentrations. Strong binding is observed with CdSe-nanoparticles and CdSe-nanorods, whose surfaces are equipped with matching barbituric acid-moieties. Addition of polar solvents, able to break the hydrogen bonds leads to the detachment of the nanoparticle...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 25, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Electrical Transport Properties of Ni95Ti5 Catalyzed Multi wall Carbon Nanotubes FilmEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be understood as one or more graphite sheets rolled up into a seamless cylinder. CNTs have gained much attention and scientific interest due to their unique properties and potential applications since their discovery in 1991. In the present work, we have deposited Ni95Ti5 film using thermal deposition method. Finally, the Ni95Ti5 catalyzed multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are grown on silicon substrate using low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) method and the electrical transport properties of this MWNTs film are studied over a temperature range (284–4K) to explain the conduct...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 25, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Molecular Simulations of Cyclic Loading Behavior of Carbon Nanotubes Using the Atomistic Finite Element MethodEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The potential applications of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in many engineered bionanomaterials and electromechanical devices have imposed an urgent need on the understanding of the fatigue behavior and mechanism of CNT under cyclic loading conditions. To date, however, very little work has been done in this field. This paper presents the results of a theoretical study on the behavior of CNT subject to cyclic tensile and compressive loads using quasi-static molecular simulations. The Atomistic Finite Element Method (AFEM) has been applied in the study. It is shown that CNT exhibited extreme cyclic loading resistance with yielding...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 25, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Bulk Behavior of Ball Milled AA2124 Nanostructured Powders Reinforced with TiCEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the current research work, a top-down approach was employed for the refinement of a micron scale AA2124 alloy powder 40 μm in average size using high-energy ball milling up to 60 hours. The produced nanopowders were investigated compared to the micron gas atomized powder both in the monolithic and the reinforced composite states. 1 μm powder of TiC with internal structure <100 nm was used for the reinforcement of the 2124-Al matrices. Milling time of 36 hours produced a <100 nm nanopowders with internal structure size <20 nm. The nanopowder monolithic consolid...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 25, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

NiO Nanoparticles Synthesis by Chemical Precipitation and Effect of Applied Surfactant on Distribution of Particle SizeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Production of NiO by chemical precipitation is the approach utilized in this work. Materials mainly used in this project are nickel nitrate hex hydrate (as a basic material), sodium hydroxide (as a precipitator material), and the following surfactants (for reduction in particle size). Applied surfactants are in two kinds: polymeric (PVP, PEG) and cationic (CTAB) surfactants, 1.0 gram. Nanopowders properties are identified by TG, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM. The results obtained confirm the presence of nickel oxide nanopowders produced during chemical precipitation. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Advanced Secure Information Retrieval Technology for Multilayer Information ExtractionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Secure information retrieval technology aims at status identification and documentation authentication. Ideally, materials or devices used in these technologies should be hard to find, difficult to counterfeit, and as simple as possible. This manuscript addresses a novel information retrieval technology, with photoluminescent (PL) semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) synthesized via wet chemistry approaches used as its coding materials. Conceptually, these QDs are designed to exhibit emission at Fraunhofer line positions, namely, black lines in the solar spectrum; thus, the retrieval system can extract useful information under...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

The Effect of Nanosized Carbon Black on the Physical and Thermomechanical Properties of Al2O3–SiC–SiO2–C CompositeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effects of using nanosized carbon black in the range of 0–10 weight percentages on the physical and thermomechanical properties of Al2O3–SiC–SiO2–graphite refractory composites were investigated. Nanosized carbon black addition improved the relative heat resistance and oxidation resistance of composites. The bulk density of the composites is reduced with increasing carbon black (CB) content. Increase in CB content first causes an increase in the apparent porosity, but at more than 3 wt% amount of CB, a decrease of apparent porosity was observed. The cold crushing strength (CCS...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Electric and Adsorption Characteristics of Nanocrystalline V-(N, He) CoatingsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper studies the structure, temperature dependences of electric resistance, and adsorption properties of nanoporous three-component V-(N, He) coatings. The coatings were produced using the technique of ion beam assisted deposition, in particular, deposition of vanadium onto a titanium substrate simultaneously bombarding it with N2+He ions of 30 keV. It is shown, in contrast to V-N composites that have negative TCR (temperature coefficient of resistance), that the V-(N, He) coatings have negative TCR only in the temperature range of 250 to 350C∘. A specific surface of pores and adsorption characteristics...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Nanosensor TechnologyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Formation and Characterization of TiO2/CNT Nanomaterials Dried under Supergravity ConditionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The elaboration of bilayer TiO2/CNT films dried under terrestrial gravity conditions (g) and on a centrifuge with 1.3g and 7g is reported. The changes in microstructure and thickness of these coatings under supergravity environment cause a red-shift tendency in the optical properties at increasing values of acceleration. Experiments of a drop under enhanced gravity force in the range of 3.7 < Bo (bond number) < 51.5 suggest the incomplete elimination of surfactant-water molecules in the TiO2/CNT bilayer film. Increasing acceleration up to 14g will widen the optical differences found, proving the layer-by-layer solu...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Nanosize Copper Dispersed Ionic Liquids As an Electrolyte of New Dye-Sensitized Solar CellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To enhance the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte for a newly developed dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), metallic copper (Cu) encapsulated within the carbon shell (Cu@C) nanoparticles dispersed in a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) (e.g., [bmim+][PF6−]) has been studied in the present work. By the pulsed-field gradient spin-echo NMR method, the self-diffusion coefficients of cations and anions of the RTIL have been determined. The self-diffusion coefficient of the [bmim+] cations in the RTIL dispersed with 0.08% of Cu@C nanoparticles is increased by 35%. The electr...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Surface Enamel Remineralization: Biomimetic Apatite Nanocrystals and Fluoride Ions Different EffectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new method for altered enamel surface remineralization has been proposed. To this aim carbonate-hydroxyapatite nanocrystals which mimic for composition, structure, nanodimensions, and morphology dentine apatite crystals and resemble closely natural apatite chemical-physical properties have been used. The results underline the differences induced by the use of fluoride ions and hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in contrasting the mechanical abrasions and acid attacks to which tooth enamel is exposed. Fluoride ions generate a surface modification of the natural enamel apatite crystals increasing their crystallinity degree and re...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Applications of Cu@C Nanoparticles in New Dye-Sensitized Solar CellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To enhance the efficiency of a newly developing dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), the Cu@C (Cu size=7 and 20 nm) core-shell nanoparticles-dispersed molten salt-conjugated electrolyte has been studied. Experimentally, the efficiencies (η) of the DSSC are in the range of 2.70–4.09% with a short-circuit photocurrent density (JSC) of 5.775–9.910 mA/cm2. Interestingly, it is found that dispersion of 1% of the Cu@C (Cu size=7 nm) nanoparticles in the molten salt-(1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (DMPII)) conjugated electrolyte results in an enhancement (about 11%) of the...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Emerging Multifunctional NanostructuresEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Processing and Structure of Carbon Nanofiber PaperEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, carbon nanofiber paper was prepared under various processing conditions, including different types of carbon nanofibers, solvents, dispersants, and acid treatment. The morphologies of carbon nanofibers within the nanofiber paper were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the bulk densities of carbon nanofiber papers were measured. It was found that the densities and network structures of carbon nanofiber paper correlated to the dispersion quality of carbon nanofibers within the paper, which was significantly affected by papermaking process conditions. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Intermittent-Contact Heterodyne Force MicroscopyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Heterodyne Force Microscopy opens up a way to monitor nanoscale events with high temporal sensitivity from the quasistatic cantilever mechanical-diode response taking advantage of the beat effect. Here, a novel heterodyne ultrasonic force method is proposed, in which the cantilever is driven in amplitude-modulation mode, at its fundamental flexural eigenmode. Ultrasonic vibration in the megahertz range is additionally input at the tip-sample contact from the cantilever base and from the back of the sample. The ultrasonic frequencies are chosen in such a way that their difference is coincident with the second cantilever eig...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Fabrication and Transport Properties of Manganite-Polyacrylamide-Based CompositesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present the fabrication and transport properties of a series of composites made of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 and acrylamide-based copolymers. The most important result is the very narrow transition, of only 27 K, displayed by the peak that appears around the metal-insulator transition of the composites made with poly(acrylamide-vinylacetate). Although the amount of polymer is rather low, different copolymers change drastically the electric transport characteristics. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Sensing of Ethanol with Nanosize Fe-ZnO Thin FilmsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sensing of ethanol with iron doped ZnO (Fe-ZnO) thin films has been studied in this work. By X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, it is found that ZnO is the main compound in the low-iron (<10%) doped ZnO thin films. ZnFe2O4 is also found as 20–50% of iron are doped on the thin films. The 5% Fe-ZnO thin film has a very high sensitivity (Rair/Rethanol>70) to 1000 ppm of ethanol at 300 K. It seems that iron can promote the sensivity of the ZnO thin film. The thin film doped with a greater amount (20–50%) of iron has, however, a much less sensitivity (<15) ...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Zinc Sulfide Tubes Reinforced with Carbon NanofibersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Zinc sulfide submicron and nanotubes with outer diameters in the range from 100 to 1000 nm were produced through chemical deposition from vapor under argon pressure. The novel process provides formation of ZnS tubes reinforced with carbon nanofibers. This is the first time that the ZnS tubes are grown with fibers during deposition. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Origin of the Difference in the Resistivity of As-Grown Focused-Ion- and Focused-Electron-Beam-Induced Pt NanodepositsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We study the origin of the strong difference in the resistivity of focused-electron- and focused-Ga-ion-beam-induced deposition (FEBID and FIBID, resp.) of Pt performed in a dual beam equipment using (CH3)3Pt(CpCH3) as the precursor gas. We have performed in-situ and ex-situ resistance measurements in both types of nanodeposits, finding that the resistivity of Pt by FEBID is typically four orders of magnitude higher than Pt by FIBID. In the case of Pt by FEBID, the current-versus-voltage dependence is nonlinear and the resistance-versus-temperature behavior is strongly semiconducting, whereas Pt by FIBID shows linear curre...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Structural Transformation upon Nitrogen Doping of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Films by Microwave Plasma CVDEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The molecular properties and surface morphology of undoped and N-doped ultra-nanocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films deposited by microwave plasma CVD with addition of nitrogen are investigated with various spectroscopic techniques. The results of spatially resolved Raman scattering, ATR/FT-IR and XPS spectra show more amorphous and sp2/sp3 ratio characteristics in N-doped UNCD films. The surface morphology in AFM scans shows larger nanocrystalline diamond clusters in N-doped UNCD films. Incorporation of nitrogen into UNCD films has promoted an increase of amorphous sp2-bonded carbons in the grain boundaries and the size of n...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Fabrication of One-Dimensional Organic Nanostructures Using Anodic Aluminum Oxide TemplatesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Organic nanostructures are new comers to the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. In recent years novel methods for controlling the growth and uniformity of one-dimensional (1D) organic nanostructures (nanowires and nanotubes) have been developing. The use of hard templates as molds for the formation of organic nanowires or nanotubes seems to be a reliable and convenient method. In this review we will discuss the use of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates as the inorganic hard template of choice. We will briefly survey advances in the fabrication of 1D polymer nanostructures using AAO templates, while the bulk of th...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Growth of Pd-Filled Carbon Nanotubes on the Tip of Scanning Probe MicroscopyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have synthesized Pd-filled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) oriented perpendicular to Si substrates using a microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD) for the application of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) tip. Prior to the CVD growth, Al thin film (10 nm) was coated on the substrate as a buffer layer followed by depositing a 5∼40 nm-thick Pd film as a catalyst. The diameter and areal density of CNTs grown depend largely on the initial Pd thickness. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images clearly show that Pd is successfully encapsulated into the...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Colorimetric Analysis on Flocculation of Bioinspired Au Self-Assembly for Biophotonic ApplicationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Gold nanoparticles exhibited strong surface plasmon absorption and couplings between neighboring particles within bioactivated self-assembly modified their optical properties. Colorimetric analysis on the optical modification of surface plasmon resoanance (SPR) shift and flocculation parameter functionalized bioinspired gold assembly for biophotonic application. The physical origin of bioinspired gold aggregation-induced shifting, decreasing, or broadening of the plasmon absorption spectra could be explained in terms of dynamic depolarization, collisional damping, and shadowing effects. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Electron Microscopy and Optical Characterization of Cadmium Sulphide Nanocrystals Deposited on the Patterned Surface of Diatom BiosilicaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the surface of diatom frustules that possessed hierarchical architecture ordered at the micro and nanoscale was coated with a nanostructured polycrystalline cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin film using a chemical bath deposition technique. The CdS thin film was composed of spherical nanoparticles with a diameter of about 75 nm. The CdS nanoparticle thin film imparted new photoluminescent properties to the intricately patterned diatom nanostructure. The imparted photoluminescent properties were dependent on the CdS coverage onto the frustules surface. The intrinsic photoluminescent properties of the frustule...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Mechanical Researches on Young's Modulus of SCS NanostructuresEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nanostructures of SingleCrystalSilicon (SCS) with superior electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties are emerging in the development of novel nanodevices. Mechanical properties especially Young's modulus are essential in developing and utilizing such nanodevices. In this paper, experimental researches including bending tests, resonance tests, and tensile tests on Young' s modulus of nanoscaled SCS are reviewed, and their results are compared. It was found that the values of E measured by different testing methods cannot match to each other. As the differences cannot be explained as experimental errors...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Effect of HF Concentration on Physical and Electronic Properties of Electrochemically Formed Nanoporous SiliconEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The most common fabrication technique of porous silicon (PS) is electrochemical etching of a crystalline silicon wafer in a hydrofluoric (HF) acid-based solution. The electrochemical process allows for precise control of the properties of PS such as thickness of the porous layer, porosity, and average pore diameter. The effect of HF concentration in the used electrolyte on physical and electronic properties of PS was studied by visual color observation, measuring nitrogen sorption isotherm, field emission type scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. It was found that with decre...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Antibacterial Properties of Nanosilver PLLA Fibrous MembranesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the antibacterial properties of nano silver Poly-L-Lactic acid (Ag/PLLA) composite fibrous membranes. Ag/PLLA fibrous membranes were prepared with silver nanoparticles having weight ratio of silver nanoparticles to PLLA at 5% (w/w). In vitro antibacterial tests were performed using Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (Staph.) to determine the antibacterial capability of the Ag/PLLA fibrous membranes. As the results suggested, Ag/PLLA fibrous membranes showed strong antibacterial properties. Thus, Ag/PLLA fibrous membrane can be used as an antibacterial scaffold ...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

One-Step Synthesis of Pd-M/ZnO (M=Ag, Cu, and Ni) Catalysts by γ-Irradiation and Their Use in Hydrogenation and Suzuki ReactionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ZnO-supported Pd, Pd-Ag, Pd-Cu, and Pd-Ni catalysts (Pd-M/ZnO) were prepared in MeOH/H2O mixture (4/1, v/v-%) by γ-irradiation at room temperature. Small mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of ZnO nanopowder as confirmed with TEM, TEM-EDXS, XRD, and ICP-AES data. The catalytic efficiency against Pd-M/ZnO was determined in hydrogenation and Suzuki reaction and compared with the commercial Pd/C catalyst. The Pd-Ag/ZnO showed the highest catalytic efficiency in the Suzuki reaction. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Facile Synthesis of Highly Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes from Polymer PrecursorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a facile one-step approach which involves no flammable gas, no catalyst, and no in situ polymerization for the preparation of well-aligned carbon nanotube array. A polymer precursor is placed on top of an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane containing regular nanopore arrays, and slow heating under Ar flow allows the molten polymer to wet the template through adhesive force. The polymer spread into the nanopores of the template to form polymer nanotubes. Upon carbonization the resulting multi-walled carbon nanotubes duplicate the nanopores morphology precisely. The process is demonstrated for 230, 50, and 20&#...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Synthesis and Characterization of Birnessite and Cryptomelane Nanostructures in Presence of Hoffmeister AnionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effect of Hoffmeister anions Cl−, SO4 2-, and ClO4 - on the structure and morphology of birnessite and cryptomelane-type manganese dioxide nanostructures, produced by the reduction reaction of KMnO4 and MnSO4 in aqueous acidic media, was studied. The syntheses were based on the decomposition of aqueous KMnO4 in presence of HCl for birnessite-type and acidified MnSO4 for cryptomelane-type manganese dioxide under soft hydrothermal conditions. They were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM)...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of a Silver-Hydroxyapatite NanocompositeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A silver-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite has been obtained by a colloidal chemical route and subsequent reduction process in H2/Ar atmosphere at 350∘C. This material has been characterized by TEM, XRD, and UV-Visible spectroscopy, showing the silver nanoparticles (∼65 nm) supported onto the HA particles (∼130 nm) surface without a high degree of agglomeration. The bactericidal effect against common Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria has been also investigated. The results indicated a high antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumococcus and Escherichia coli, so this mater...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Near-Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond/Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser DepositionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The atomic bonding configuration of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD)/hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films prepared by pulsed laser ablation of graphite in a hydrogen atmosphere was examined by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The measured spectra were decomposed with simple component spectra, and they were analyzed in detail. As compared to the a-C:H films deposited at room substrate-temperature, the UNCD/a-C:H and nonhydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C) films deposited at a substrate-temperature of 550∘C exhibited enhanced π∗ and σ∗C≡C peaks. At the...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Crystallographically Oriented Nanorods and Nanowires of RF-Magnetron-Sputtered Zinc OxideEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The formation of nanoscaled one-dimensional structure constituting the thin films of ZnO via a RF magnetron sputtering process is demonstrated. A detailed analysis of these films has been carried out by exploiting the techniques of ellipsometry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), high-resolution TEM, and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The importance of substrate materials due to the nanomorphologies as rods and wires on the substrates as amorphous quartz and silicon, respectively, has been elucidated. It has been exhibited that these fascinating nano-objects (rods, wires) are grown directionall...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 10, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of a Silver-Hydroxyapatite NanocompositeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A silver-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite has been obtained by a colloidal chemical route and subsequent reduction process in H2/Ar atmosphere at 350∘C. This material has been characterized by TEM, XRD, and UV-Visible spectroscopy, showing the silver nanoparticles (∼65 nm) supported onto the HA particles (∼130 nm) surface without a high degree of agglomeration. The bactericidal effect against common Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria has been also investigated. The results indicated a high antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumococcus and Escherichia coli, so this mater...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 8, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Near-Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond/Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser DepositionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The atomic bonding configuration of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD)/hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films prepared by pulsed laser ablation of graphite in a hydrogen atmosphere was examined by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The measured spectra were decomposed with simple component spectra, and they were analyzed in detail. As compared to the a-C:H films deposited at room substrate-temperature, the UNCD/a-C:H and nonhydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C) films deposited at a substrate-temperature of 550∘C exhibited enhanced π∗ and σ∗C≡C peaks. At the...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 8, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Crystallographically Oriented Nanorods and Nanowires of RF-Magnetron-Sputtered Zinc OxideEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The formation of nanoscaled one-dimensional structure constituting the thin films of ZnO via a RF magnetron sputtering process is demonstrated. A detailed analysis of these films has been carried out by exploiting the techniques of ellipsometry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), high-resolution TEM, and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The importance of substrate materials due to the nanomorphologies as rods and wires on the substrates as amorphous quartz and silicon, respectively, has been elucidated. It has been exhibited that these fascinating nano-objects (rods, wires) are grown directionall...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 8, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

One-Step Synthesis of Pd-M/ZnO (M=Ag, Cu, and Ni) Catalysts by γ-Irradiation and Their Use in Hydrogenation and Suzuki ReactionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ZnO-supported Pd, Pd-Ag, Pd-Cu, and Pd-Ni catalysts (Pd-M/ZnO) were prepared in MeOH/H2O mixture (4/1, v/v-%) by γ-irradiation at room temperature. Small mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of ZnO nanopowder as confirmed with TEM, TEM-EDXS, XRD, and ICP-AES data. The catalytic efficiency against Pd-M/ZnO was determined in hydrogenation and Suzuki reaction and compared with the commercial Pd/C catalyst. The Pd-Ag/ZnO showed the highest catalytic efficiency in the Suzuki reaction. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 6, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Facile Synthesis of Highly Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes from Polymer PrecursorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a facile one-step approach which involves no flammable gas, no catalyst, and no in situ polymerization for the preparation of well-aligned carbon nanotube array. A polymer precursor is placed on top of an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane containing regular nanopore arrays, and slow heating under Ar flow allows the molten polymer to wet the template through adhesive force. The polymer spread into the nanopores of the template to form polymer nanotubes. Upon carbonization the resulting multi-walled carbon nanotubes duplicate the nanopores morphology precisely. The process is demonstrated for 230, 50, and 20&#...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 6, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Synthesis and Characterization of Birnessite and Cryptomelane Nanostructures in Presence of Hoffmeister AnionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effect of Hoffmeister anions Cl−, SO4 2-, and ClO4 - on the structure and morphology of birnessite and cryptomelane-type manganese dioxide nanostructures, produced by the reduction reaction of KMnO4 and MnSO4 in aqueous acidic media, was studied. The syntheses were based on the decomposition of aqueous KMnO4 in presence of HCl for birnessite-type and acidified MnSO4 for cryptomelane-type manganese dioxide under soft hydrothermal conditions. They were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM)...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - June 6, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Antibacterial Properties of Nanosilver PLLA Fibrous MembranesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the antibacterial properties of nano silver Poly-L-Lactic acid (Ag/PLLA) composite fibrous membranes. Ag/PLLA fibrous membranes were prepared with silver nanoparticles having weight ratio of silver nanoparticles to PLLA at 5% (w/w). In vitro antibacterial tests were performed using Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (Staph.) to determine the antibacterial capability of the Ag/PLLA fibrous membranes. As the results suggested, Ag/PLLA fibrous membranes showed strong antibacterial properties. Thus, Ag/PLLA fibrous membrane can be used as an antibacterial scaffold ...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - May 27, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Mechanical Researches on Young's Modulus of SCS NanostructuresEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nanostructures of SingleCrystalSilicon (SCS) with superior electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties are emerging in the development of novel nanodevices. Mechanical properties especially Young's modulus are essential in developing and utilizing such nanodevices. In this paper, experimental researches including bending tests, resonance tests, and tensile tests on Young' s modulus of nanoscaled SCS are reviewed, and their results are compared. It was found that the values of E measured by different testing methods cannot match to each other. As the differences cannot be explained as experimental errors...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - May 19, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Effect of HF Concentration on Physical and Electronic Properties of Electrochemically Formed Nanoporous SiliconEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The most common fabrication technique of porous silicon (PS) is electrochemical etching of a crystalline silicon wafer in a hydrofluoric (HF) acid-based solution. The electrochemical process allows for precise control of the properties of PS such as thickness of the porous layer, porosity, and average pore diameter. The effect of HF concentration in the used electrolyte on physical and electronic properties of PS was studied by visual color observation, measuring nitrogen sorption isotherm, field emission type scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. It was found that with decre...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - May 19, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Growth of Pd-Filled Carbon Nanotubes on the Tip of Scanning Probe MicroscopyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have synthesized Pd-filled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) oriented perpendicular to Si substrates using a microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD) for the application of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) tip. Prior to the CVD growth, Al thin film (10 nm) was coated on the substrate as a buffer layer followed by depositing a 5∼40 nm-thick Pd film as a catalyst. The diameter and areal density of CNTs grown depend largely on the initial Pd thickness. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images clearly show that Pd is successfully encapsulated into the...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - May 8, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Colorimetric Analysis on Flocculation of Bioinspired Au Self-Assembly for Biophotonic ApplicationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Gold nanoparticles exhibited strong surface plasmon absorption and couplings between neighboring particles within bioactivated self-assembly modified their optical properties. Colorimetric analysis on the optical modification of surface plasmon resoanance (SPR) shift and flocculation parameter functionalized bioinspired gold assembly for biophotonic application. The physical origin of bioinspired gold aggregation-induced shifting, decreasing, or broadening of the plasmon absorption spectra could be explained in terms of dynamic depolarization, collisional damping, and shadowing effects. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - May 8, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Electron Microscopy and Optical Characterization of Cadmium Sulphide Nanocrystals Deposited on the Patterned Surface of Diatom BiosilicaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the surface of diatom frustules that possessed hierarchical architecture ordered at the micro and nanoscale was coated with a nanostructured polycrystalline cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin film using a chemical bath deposition technique. The CdS thin film was composed of spherical nanoparticles with a diameter of about 75 nm. The CdS nanoparticle thin film imparted new photoluminescent properties to the intricately patterned diatom nanostructure. The imparted photoluminescent properties were dependent on the CdS coverage onto the frustules surface. The intrinsic photoluminescent properties of the frustule...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - May 8, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals

Structural Transformation upon Nitrogen Doping of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Films by Microwave Plasma CVDEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The molecular properties and surface morphology of undoped and N-doped ultra-nanocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films deposited by microwave plasma CVD with addition of nitrogen are investigated with various spectroscopic techniques. The results of spatially resolved Raman scattering, ATR/FT-IR and XPS spectra show more amorphous and sp2/sp3 ratio characteristics in N-doped UNCD films. The surface morphology in AFM scans shows larger nanocrystalline diamond clusters in N-doped UNCD films. Incorporation of nitrogen into UNCD films has promoted an increase of amorphous sp2-bonded carbons in the grain boundaries and the size of n...
Source: Journal of Nanomaterials - April 29, 2009 Category: Materials Science Source Type: journals