New biflavonoids isolated from Xylia kerrii leaves extract with selective cytotoxicity against MH7A human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast cells
AbstractThree new biflavonoids (1–3) and two known flavonoids (4,5) were isolated fromXylia kerrii collected in Thailand. Compounds1–5 showed selective cytotoxicity against the rheumatoid fibroblast-like synovial MH7A cell line, and these compounds showed weak cytotoxicity against the human lung synovial fibroblast WI-38 VA13 sub 2 RA cell line. Notably, compound1 was highly selective toward MH7A cells with an IC50 value of 6.9 μM, whereas the IC50 value for WI-38 VA13 sub 2 RA cells was> 100 μM. The western blotting analysis of MH7A cells treated with compound1 showed increased CDKN2A /p16INK4A and caspase-...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 9, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Proposal for structure revision of pinofuranoxin A through total syntheses of stereoisomers
AbstractThe relative configuration of the epoxide functionality in pinofuranoxin A (1), α-alkylidene-β-hydroxy-γ-methyl-γ-butyrolactone withtrans-epoxy side chain isolated by Evidente et al. in 2021, was revised by DFT-based spectral reinvestigations and stereo-controlled synthesis. The present investigation demonstrates the difficulty of the configurational elucidation of the stereogenic centers on the conformationally flexible acyclic side-chains. Sharpless ’s enantioselective epoxidations and dihydroxylations were quite effective in the reinvestigations of the configurations. As our syntheses made all diastereomer...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 8, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Hypoglycemic effects of mountain caviar extract and inhibitory mechanism of saponins, including momordin Ic, on glucose absorption
AbstractMountain caviar is a fruit ofKochia scoparia that contains momordin Ic as a major saponin constituent. Its extract (MCE) has been shown to suppress blood glucose elevations in the human oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as well as increases in blood glucose in OGTT, gastric emptying (GE), and glucose incorporation in the small intestine in rats. However, the effects of MCE and momordin Ic on glucose absorption in mice and these action mechanisms have not been examined for more than 2 decades. Therefore, we herein investigated the effects of MCE, its saponin fraction, and momordin Ic on blood glucose elevations in ...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 8, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Alkylphthalides with intracellular triglyceride metabolism-promoting activity from the rhizomes of Cnidium officinale Makino
AbstractMethanol extract of theCnidium officinale Makino rhizome, which is used as a crude drug Cnidium Rhizome (Cnidii Rhizoma; “Senkyu” in Japanese) and is listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia XVIII, showed intracellular triglyceride metabolism-promoting activity in high glucose-pretreated HepG2 cells. Thirty-five constituents, including two new alkylphthalide glycosides, senkyunosides A (1) and B (2), and a neolignan with a new stereoisomeric structure (3), were isolated in the extract. Their stereostructures were elucidated based on chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Among the isolates, several alkylphthalides, (...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 4, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Cryptobuchanosides A –G: seven previously undescribed triterpene glycosides from Cryptolepis buchananii R.Br. ex Roem. and Schult. with nitric oxide production inhibition activity
In this study, nine triterpene glycosides including seven previously undescribed compounds (1–7), were isolated from leaves ofCryptolepis buchananii R.Br. ex Roem. and Schult. using various chromatographic methods. The chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated to be 3-O- β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyluncargenin C 28-O- α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3-O- β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyluncargenin C 28-O- α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O- β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosylu...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 4, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Compound –compound interaction analysis of baicalin and berberine derivatives in aqueous solution
AbstractBaicalin and berberine are biologically active constituents of the crude drugs Scutellaria root and Coptis rhizome/Phellodendron bark, respectively. Baicalin and berberine are reported to combine together as a 1:1 complex that forms yellow precipitates by electrostatic interaction in decoctions of Kampo formulae containing these crude drugs. However, the structural basis and mechanism for the precipitate formation of this compound –compound interaction in aqueous solution remains unclarified. Herein, we searched for berberine derivatives in the Coptis rhizome that interact with baicalin and identified the chemica...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 4, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Correction: Evaluation of rooting characteristics of Ephedra cuttings by anatomy and promising strain selection based on rooting characteristics and alkaloid content
(Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 3, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Correction: Heating or ginger extract reduces the content of Pinellia ternata lectin in the raphides of Pinellia tuber
(Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 3, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Oxomollugin, an oxidized substance in mollugin, inhibited LPS-induced NF- κB activation via the suppressive effects on essential activation factors of TLR4 signaling
In this study, we investigated the inhibitory activity of oxomollugin, focusing on TLR4 signaling pathway, resulting in NF-κB activation. Oxomollugin inhibited the LPS-induced association of essential factors for initial activation of TLR4 signaling, MyD88, IRAK4 and TRAF6. Furtherm ore, oxomollugin showed suppressive effects on LPS-induced modification of IRAK1, IRAK2 and TRAF6, LPS-induced association of TRAF6-TAK1/TAB2, and followed by IKKα/β phosphorylation, which critical in signal transduction leading to LPS-induced NF-κB activation. The consistent results suggested th at oxomollugin inhibits LPS-induced NF-κB a...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Vincarostine A, a novel anti-malarial trimeric monoterpenoid indole alkaloid from Catharanthus roseus
AbstractA novel trimeric monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, vincarostine A (1) consisting of an aspidosperma-iboga-aspidosperma type skeleton, was isolated from the whole plant ofCatharanthus roseus. The structure including absolute stereochemistry was elucidated on the basis of 2D NMR data and CD spectrum. Vincarostine A (1) showed anti-malarial activity.Graphical abstract (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Correction: Preparation and pharmaceutical properties of Hangeshashinto oral ointment and its safety and efficacy in Syrian hamsters with 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis
(Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Bajitianwan formula extract ameliorates bone loss induced by iron overload via activating RAGE/PI3K/AKT pathway based on network pharmacology and transcriptomic analysis
AbstractOsteoporosis (OP) is closely related to iron overload. Bajitianwan (BJTW) is a traditional Chinese medicine formulation used for treating senile diseases such as dementia and osteoporosis. Modern pharmacological researches have found that BJTW has beneficial effect on bone loss and memory impairment in aging rats. This paper aimed to explore the role and mechanism of BJTW in ameliorating iron overload-induced bone loss. Furthermore, BJTW effectively improved the bone micro-structure of the femur in mice, and altered bone metabolism biomarkers alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) in serum, as well as oxi...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Non-enzymatic reactions in biogenesis of fungal natural products
AbstractFungi have long been regarded as abundant sources of natural products (NPs) exhibiting significant biological activities. Decades of studies on the biosynthesis of fungal NPs revealed that most of the biosynthetic steps are catalyzed by sophisticated enzymes encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters, whereas some reactions proceed without enzymes. These non-enzymatic reactions complicate biosynthetic analysis of NPs and play important roles in diversifying the structure of the products. Therefore, knowledge on the non-enzymatic reactions is important for elucidating the biosynthetic mechanism. This review focuses on no...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - March 22, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Alliaxylines A –E: five new mexicanolides from the stem barks of Dysoxylum alliaceum (Blume) Blume ex A.Juss
AbstractA total of five new mexicanolides (1–5), namely alliaxylines A –E, together with two known limonoids6 and7, were isolated and identified fromDysoxylum alliaceum (Blume) Blume ex. A.Juss. (Meliaceae). The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI –MS, UV, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR, as well as theoretical stimulation of NMR shifts with the DP4 + algorithm. Consequently, this study aimed to examine cytotoxic activities of these compounds against MCF-7 and A549 cell lines. The results implied that compound2 was the most potent against the two tested cel...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - March 22, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
A new 3,4-seco-isopimarane and three new isopimarane diterpenoids from Kaempferia champasakensis collected from Vietnam and their cytotoxic activities
AbstractA phytochemical investigation ofKaempferia champasakensis rhizomes led to the isolation of a new 3,4-seco-isopimarane diterpene, kaempferiol A (1), and three new isopimarane diterpenes, kaempferiols B –D (2–4), together with six known isopimarane diterpenes (5 –10). The structures of1–4 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI –MS, UV, IR, and 1D and 2D NMR. The absolute configurations of1, 3, and 4 were determined by ECD calculations, while that of2 was established using the modified Mosher method. All isolated compounds were tested for cytotoxicity against three human cancer...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - March 22, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
