Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Sex Dimorphism in Pain Threshold and Neuroinflammatory Response: The Protective Effect of Female Sexual Hormones on Behavior and Seizures in an Allergic Rhinitis Model
In this study, we aimed to determine whether these findings were replicable in female mice and to explore the potential involvement of sexual hormones in regulating neuroinflammation in an allergic model. Our results indicate that pain threshold was decreased in female mice with allergic rhinitis and the levels of IL-23/IL-17A/IL-17R were increased in their Dorsal root ganglia. However, unlike males, female mice with AR did not display neuropsychological symptoms such as learning and memory deficit s, depression, and anxiety-like behavior. This was along with decreased levels of DNA methyl transferase 1 (DNMT1) and infla...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 23, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Brain-Derived Exosomal CircRNAs in Plasma Serve as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Acute Ischemic Stroke
AbstractAcute ischemic stroke (AIS), commonly known as stroke, is a debilitating condition characterized by the interruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in tissue damage and neurological deficits. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective intervention and management, as timely treatment can significantly improve patient outcomes. Therefore, novel methods for the early diagnosis of AIS are urgently needed. Several studies have shown that bioactive molecules contained in extracellular vesicles, especially circRNAs, could be ideal markers for the diagnosis of many diseases. However, studies on the effects of exosomes...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 22, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
JAK1/2 Regulates Synergy Between Interferon Gamma and Lipopolysaccharides in Microglia
AbstractMicroglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, regulate neuroinflammation which can lead to secondary neuronal damage and cognitive impairment under pathological conditions. Two of the many molecules that can elicit an inflammatory response from microglia are lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of gram-negative bacteria, and interferon gamma (IFN γ), an endogenous pro-inflammatory cytokine. We thoroughly examined the concentration-dependent relationship between LPS from multiple bacterial species and IFNγ in cultured microglia and macrophages. We measured the effects that these immunostimulatory molecules h...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 20, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Endothelin-1-mediated Brainstem Glial Activation Produces Asthmatic Airway Vagal Hypertonia Via Enhanced ATP-P2X4 Receptor Signaling in Sprague –Dawley Rats
This study tests the hypotheses that endothelin-1-mediated brainstem glial activation produces asthmatic airway vagal hypertonia via enhanced action of adenosine 5 ’-triphosphate on neuronal purinergic P2X4 receptors. A rat model of asthma was prepared using ovalbumin. Airway vagal tone was evaluated by the recurrent laryngeal discharge and plethysmographic measurement of pulmonary function. The changes in the brainstem were examined using ELISA, Western blo t, luciferin-luciferase, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, enzyme activity assay and immunofluorescent staining, respectively. The result...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 13, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
IL-6 Enhances the Activation of PI3K-AKT/mTOR-GSK-3 β by Upregulating GRPR in Hippocampal Neurons of Autistic Mice
In this study, we utilized a maternal immune activation model to investigate the effects of GRPR on PI3K signaling in the inflamed brain of ASD mice. We used HT22 cells with and without GRPR to examine the impact of GRP-GRPR on the PI3K-AKT pathway with IL-6 treatment. We analyzed a dataset of hippocampus samples from ASD mice to identify hub genes. Our results demonstrated increased expression of IL-6, GRPR, and PI3K-AKT signaling in the hippocampus of ASD mice. Additionally, we observed increased GRPR expression and PI3K-AKT/mTOR activation in HT22 cells after IL-6 treatment, but decreased expression in HT22 cells with G...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Melatonin Enhanced Microglia M2 Polarization in Rat Model of Neuro-inflammation Via Regulating ER Stress/PPAR δ/SIRT1 Signaling Axis
AbstractNeuro-inflammation involves distinct alterations of microglial phenotypes, containing nocuous pro-inflammatory M1-phenotype and neuroprotective anti-inflammatory M-phenotype. Currently, there is no effective treatment for modulating such alterations. M1/M2 marker of primary microglia influenced by Melatonin were detected via qPCR. Functional activities were explored by western blotting, luciferase activity, EMSA, and ChIP assay. Structure interaction was assessed by molecular docking and LIGPLOT analysis. ER-stress detection was examined by ultrastructure TEM, calapin activity, and ERSE assay. The functional neurob...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Perioperative Levels of IL8 and IL18, but not IL6, are Associated with Nucleus Basalis Magnocellularis Atrophy Three Months after Surgery
AbstractPast studies have observed that brain atrophy may accelerate after surgical procedures. Furthermore, an association of systemic inflammation with neurodegeneration has been described. We hypothesize that postoperative interleukin (IL) levels in circulation as well as the perioperative change in interleukin levels are associated with increased postoperative atrophy in the Nucleus basalis magnocellularis (of Meynert, NBM) which is the major source of cortical acetylcholine. We analyzed data from the BioCog cohort which included patients ≥ 65 years presenting for elective major surgery (≥ 60min). Blood sam...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - March 14, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Activation of the CXCR4 Receptor by Chemokine CXCL12 Increases the Excitability of Neurons in the Rat Central Amygdala
AbstractPrimarily regarded as immune proteins, chemokines are emerging as a family of molecules serving neuromodulatory functions in the developing and adult brain. Among them, CXCL12 is constitutively and widely expressed in the CNS, where it was shown to act on cellular, synaptic, network, and behavioral levels. Its receptor, CXCR4, is abundant in the amygdala, a brain structure involved in pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. Dysregulation of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling has been implicated in anxiety-related behaviors. Here we demonstrate that exogenous CXCL12 at 2 nM but not at 5 nM increased neuronal excitability in the l...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - March 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Complement C3 From Astrocytes Plays Significant Roles in Sustained Activation of Microglia and Cognitive Dysfunctions Triggered by Systemic Inflammation After Laparotomy in Adult Male Mice
In this study, we investigated the role of C3 in mediating activation of microglia and cognitive dysfunction by using laparotomy in adult male mouse only as the experimental model of systemic inflammation and AAV9-C3shRN A. Our data observed that laparotomy induced neurotoxic reactive astrocytes with an increase of C3 in the hippocampus. Furthermore, inhibition of C3 by AAV9-C3shRNA prevented synaptic engulfment by microglia and attenuated cognitive dysfunctions after laparotomy. Inhibition of C3 did not modulate ac tivation of astrocytes and expression of various cytokines. Current findings demonstrated that C3 plays sign...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - March 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
New Insights on NLRP3 Inflammasome: Mechanisms of Activation, Inhibition, and Epigenetic Regulation
AbstractInflammasomes are important modulators of inflammation. Dysregulation of inflammasomes can enhance vulnerability to conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, autoinflammatory diseases, and metabolic disorders. Among various inflammasomes, Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is the best-characterized inflammasome related to inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. NLRP3 is an intracellular sensor that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated patterns resulting in the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflam...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - February 29, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
TPN10475 Constrains Effector T Lymphocytes Activation and Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Pathogenesis by Facilitating TGF- β Signal Transduction
In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the artemisinin derivative TPN10475 could alleviate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a commonly used animal model of MS and its possible mechanisms. TPN10475 effectively resisted the reduction of TGF- β signal transduction induced by TCR stimulation, suppressed the activation and function of effector CD4+ T cells in vitro, and restricted the differentiation of pathogenic Th1 and Th17 cells. It was also found to negatively regulate the inflammatory response in EAE by reducing the peripheral activation drive of auto-reactive helper T lymphocytes, inhibiting the ...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - February 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Heat Shock Protein 22 Attenuates Nerve Injury-induced Neuropathic Pain Via Improving Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Reducing Oxidative Stress Mediated By Spinal AMPK/PGC-1 α Pathway in Male Rats
In this study, pain behavioral test, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Dihydroethidium staining are applied to confirm the role of hsp22 in a male rat model of spared nerve injury (SNI). Our results indicate that hsp22 was significantly decreased in spinal neurons post SNI. Moreover, it was found that intrathecal injection (i.t.) with recombinant heat shock protein 22 protein (rhsp22) ameliorated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, facilitated nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1)/ mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - February 6, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Potential Role of Bmal1 in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depression-Like Behavior and its Associated & quot;Inflammatory Storm & quot;
Conclusions In conclusion, our results indicated that LPS could induce depression-like behaviors and an “inflammatory storm” in vivo, activate microglia in vitro, together with a disruption of synaptic plasticity and circadian rhythm. This mechanism may be involved in the imbalanced expression of Bmal1. O ur results can help uncover a novel clock-immunological mechanism of neuroinflammation-induced depression and shed light on the development of new effective pharmacotherapies for depression (Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - February 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
VX-765 Alleviates Circadian Rhythm Disorder in a Rodent Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Plus Hemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation
In conclusion, we sugge st that interventions targeting caspase-1-induced astrocytic pyroptosis by VX-765 are promising strategies to alleviate circadian rhythm disorder post-TBI.Graphical Abstract (Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - February 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Doxycycline-Loaded Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles with a Pectin Coat Can Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation Via Enhancing AMPK
AbstractNeuroinflammation occurs in response to different injurious triggers to limit their hazardous effects. However, failure to stop this process can end in multiple neurological diseases. Doxycycline (DX) is a tetracycline, with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The current study tested the effects of free DX, DX-loaded calcium phosphate (DX@CaP), and pectin-coated DX@CaP (Pec/DX@CaP) nanoparticles on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in mice and to identify the role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in this effect. The present study was conducted on 4...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - January 18, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
