Impact of patient portal-based self-scheduling of diagnostic imaging studies on health disparities
AbstractWhile many case studies have described the implementation of self-scheduling tools, which allow patients to schedule visits and imaging studies asynchronously online, none have explored the impact of self-scheduling on equitable access to care.1 Using an electronic health record patient portal, University of California San Francisco deployed a self-scheduling tool that allowed patients to self-schedule diagnostic imaging studies. We analyzed electronic health record data for the imaging modalities with the option to be self-scheduled from January 1, 2021 to September 1, 2021. We used descriptive statistics to compa...
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - September 5, 2022 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

PAN-cODE: COVID-19 Forecasting using Conditional Latent ODEs
AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused millions of deaths around the world and revealed the need for data-driven models of pandemic spread. Accurate pandemic caseload forecasting allows informed policy decisions on the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce disease transmission. Using COVID-19 as an example, we present PAN-cODE, a deep learning method to forecast daily increases in pandemic infections and deaths. By using a deep conditional latent variable model, PAN-cODE can generate alternative caseload trajectories based on alternate adoptions of NPIs, allowing stakeho...
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - September 1, 2022 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Dobbs and the future of health data privacy for patients and healthcare organizations
AbstractThe Supreme Court recently overturned settled case law that affirmed a pregnant individual ’s Constitutional right to an abortion. While many states will commit to protect this right, a large number of others have enacted laws that limit or outright ban abortion within their borders. Additional efforts are underway to prevent pregnant individuals from seeking care outside their home sta te. These changes have significant implications for delivery of healthcare as well as for patient-provider confidentiality. In particular, these laws will influence how information is documented in and accessed via electronic heal...
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - September 1, 2022 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Picture a data scientist: a call to action for increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion in the age of AI
AbstractThe lack of diversity, equity, and inclusion continues to hamper the artificial intelligence (AI) field and is especially problematic for healthcare applications. In this article, we expand on the need for diversity, equity, and inclusion, specifically focusing on the composition of AI teams. We call to action leaders at all levels to make team inclusivity and diversity the centerpieces of AI development, not the afterthought. These recommendations take into consideration mitigation at several levels, including outreach programs at the local level, diversity statements at the academic level, and regulatory steps at...
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - September 1, 2022 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Microaggression clues from social media: revealing and counteracting the suppression of women ’s health care
ConclusionsSocial media provides valuable information about the cultural context of health care and should be used as a source of insights for targeted interventions to improve health care, in this case for unmarried Korean women. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 6, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Identifying the mechanisms that contribute to safe and effective electronic test result management systems — a multisite qualitative study
ConclusionIdentifying mechanisms that shape the functionality and sustainability of electronic result management can offer a valuable appreciation of key elements that need to be accounted for, and the circumstances in which they need to operate effectively. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 6, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Promoting health equity for deaf patients through the electronic health record
AbstractLanguage status can be conceptualized as an equity-relevant variable, particularly for non-English-speaking populations. Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) individuals who use American Sign Language (ASL) to communicate comprise one such group and are understudied in health services research. DHH individuals are at high-risk of receiving lower-quality care due to ineffective patient –provider communication. This perspective outlines barriers to health equity research serving DHH ASL-users due to systems developed by large-scale informatics networks (eg, the Patient-Centered Clinical Outcomes Research Network), and in...
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 6, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

The ongoing French BaMaRa-BNDMR cohort: implementation and deployment of a nationwide information system on rare disease
ConclusionThe BaMaRa-BNDMR infrastructure provides an administrative and epidemiological resources for rare diseases in France. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 6, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Recruitment in a research study via chatbot versus telephone outreach: a randomized trial at a minority-serving institution
In conclusion, the consent rate was lower with chatbot compared to telephone-based outreach. The difference in consent rates was due to a lower proportion of participants in the chatbot group who answered a contact attempt. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 6, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Outpatient portal use in prenatal care: differential use by race, risk, and area social determinants of health
AbstractTo report the relationship of outpatient portal (OPP) use with clinical risk, area social determinants of health (SDoH), and race/ethnicity among pregnant women. Regression models predicting overall and individual portal feature use (main effects and interactions) based on key variables were specified using log files and clinical data. Overall OPP use among non-Hispanic Black women or patients who lived in lower SDoH neighborhoods were significantly less. High-risk pregnancy patients were likely to use the OPP more than those with normal-risk pregnancy. We found similar associations with individual OPP features, li...
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 6, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

The roles of the US National Library of Medicine and Donald A.B. Lindberg in revolutionizing biomedical and health informatics
This article provides substance to bolster that claim. The review is based in part on the informatics section of a new book, “Transforming biomedical informatics and health information access: Don Lindberg and the US National Library of Medicine” (IOS Press, forthcoming 2021). After providing insights into selected aspects of the book’s informatics-related contents, the authors discuss the broader context in which Dr. Lindberg and the NLM accomplished their transformative work. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 6, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Corrigendum to: An evaluation of telehealth expansion in U.S. nursing homes
Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, Volume 28, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 342 –348,https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa253 (Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 2, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

A systematic review on natural language processing systems for eligibility prescreening in clinical research
ConclusionUnderstanding the role of NLP systems in improving eligibility prescreening is critical to the advancement of clinical research recruitment. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 2, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Transgender and nonbinary individuals and ICT-driven information practices in response to transexclusionary healthcare systems: a qualitative study
ConclusionWhile many healthcare providers are not intentionally being transexclusionary, the design of healthcare information systems rely on cisnormative values, thus excluding many T/GNB from accessing healthcare in comfortable and safe ways. Shifting toward the values and practices of T/GNB as informed by ICT use will afford healthcare providers ways to undo barriers to care. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 2, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Trust in AI: why we should be designing for APPROPRIATE reliance
AbstractUse of artificial intelligence in healthcare, such as machine learning-based predictive algorithms, holds promise for advancing outcomes, but few systems are used in routine clinical practice. Trust has been cited as an important challenge to meaningful use of artificial intelligence in clinical practice. Artificial intelligence systems often involve automating cognitively challenging tasks. Therefore, previous literature on trust in automation may hold important lessons for artificial intelligence applications in healthcare. In this perspective, we argue that informatics should take lessons from literature on trus...
Source: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association - November 2, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research