Lasers in Medical Science
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In vivo comparison of near infrared lasers for skin welding
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Abstract The skin closure abilities of near infrared lasers and suturing were compared by histological examination and mechanical tensile
tests during a 21-day healing period. One-centimeter incisions on the dorsal skin of Wistar rats were treated by one of the
closing techniques: (a) soldering, using an 809 nm diode laser (0.5 W, 5 s) with 25% bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 2.5 mg/ml
indocyanine green (ICG); (b) direct welding with a 980 nm diode laser (0.5 W, 5 s); (c) direct welding with a 1,070 nm fiber
laser (0.5 W, 5 s); (d) suturing. Six spots (79.61&n...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - November 17, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Laser Florence 2009Email this article to a colleague.
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Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10103-009-0735-7
Journal Lasers in Medical ScienceOnline ISSN 1435-604XPrint ISSN 0268-8921
Journal Volume Volume 24
Journal Issue Volume 24, Supplement 1 / October, 2009 (Source: Lasers in Medical Science)
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - October 22, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Ultrasonographic evaluation of plantar fasciitis after low-level laser therapy: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trialEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on plantar fasciitis documented by the
ultrasonographic appearance of the aponeurosis and by patients’ pain scores. Thirty individuals with diagnosis of unilateral
plantar fasciitis were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, but 25 participants completed the
therapeutic protocol. The contralateral asymptomatic fascia was used as control. After enrolment, symptomatic individuals
were randomly assigned to receive LLLT, or identical placebo, for 6 weeks. Ultrasonography was performed...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - October 21, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Methodological quality of systematic reviews analyzing the use of laser therapy in restorative dentistryEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify systematic reviews (SRs) that compared laser with other dental restorative procedures
and to evaluate their methodological quality. A search strategy was developed and implemented for MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library,
LILACS, and the Brazilian Dentistry Bibliography (1966–2007). Inclusion criteria were: the article had to be an SR (± meta-analysis);
primary focus was the use of laser in restorative dentistry; published in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, German. Two
investigators independently selected and evaluated the SRs. The overview quality a...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - October 8, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
The influence of erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser ablation with variable pulse width on morphology and microleakage of composite restorationsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of various pulse widths with different energy parameters of erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet
(Er:YAG) laser (2.94 μm) on the morphology and microleakage of cavities restored with composite resin. Identically sized class
V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 54 bovine teeth by high-speed drill (n = 6, control, group 1) and prepared by Er:YAG laser (Fidelis 320A, Fotona, Slovenia) with irradiation parameters of 350 mJ/
4 Hz or 400 mJ/2 Hz and pulse width: group 2, very short pulse (VSP); group 3, short pulse (SP); group ...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - October 4, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Gingival curettage study comparing a laser treatment to hand instrumentsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The purpose of this clinical study was to examine nonsurgical treatments of periodontal disease comparing a diode laser to
subgingival curettage with conventional hand instruments. The study group comprised 18 patients with moderate periodontal
degradation who were treated without local anesthesia. Each quadrant was randomly allocated in a split-mouth design either
to treatment with a 810-nm diode laser using an energy of 2 W (test group) or to gingival curettage using hand instruments
(control group). Clinical data, including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI),...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 29, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Fractional photothermolysis—an updateEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The novel concept of non-ablative fractional photothermolysis was introduced to the market in 2003 as an answer to the need
for effective, yet low risk, resurfacing techniques. Unlike conventional ablative and non-ablative lasers, fractional ablative
and non-ablative photothermolysis treats only a fraction of the skin, leaving up to a maximum of 95% of the skin uninvolved.
The undamaged surrounding tissue allows for a reservoir of viable tissue, permitting rapid epidermal repair. Non-ablative
fractional photothermolysis is currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treat...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 29, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
In situ and in vitro comparison of laser fluorescence with visual inspection in detecting occlusal caries lesionsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the in situ and in vitro performances of a laser fluorescence (LF) device (DIAGNOdent
2095) with visual inspection for the detection of occlusal caries in permanent teeth. Sixty-four sites were selected, and
visual inspection and LF assessments were carried out, in vitro, three times by two independent examiners, with a 1-week interval
between evaluations. Afterwards, the occlusal surfaces were mounted on the palatal portion of removable acrylic orthodontic
appliances and placed in six volunteers. Assessments were repeated and validated by histological analysis o...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 29, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Evaluation of the furcation area permeability of deciduous molars treated by neodymium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser or adhesiveEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effects of a self-etch adhesive system and neodymium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet
(Nd:YAG) laser application on the dentinal permeability of the furcation area of primary molars. After endodontic access,
39 extracted human deciduous molars were divided into three groups: control group (CG), no treatment; adhesive group (AG),
self-etching adhesive was applied to the furcation area; laser group (LG), specimens were irradiated with Nd:YAG laser. To
evaluate dentin permeability of the furcation area, we immersed the specimens in 0.5 % methylene blue d...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 17, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Preliminary results on the use of a noninvasive instrument for the evaluation of the depth of pigmented skin lesions: numerical simulations and experimental measurementsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The early detection of cutaneous pigmented lesions is an important aid to the clinician in recognizing malignant melanoma.
In an attempt to correlate the depth of a pigmented skin lesion with its malignant potential, phantoms able to simulate the
diffuse reflectance of some lesions of different thicknesses were manufactured and tested to validate a diagnostic instrument
developed in-house. Such optical skin-tissue phantoms may be useful for accelerating and optimizing the diagnosis of suspicious
lesions of the skin. In fact, benign melanocytic lesions are different in terms of their diffuse reflecta...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 17, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Apoptosis- and necrosis-induced changes in light attenuation measured by optical coherence tomographyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to determine optical properties of pelleted human fibroblasts in which necrosis
or apoptosis had been induced. We analysed the OCT data, including both the scattering properties of the medium and the axial
point spread function of the OCT system. The optical attenuation coefficient in necrotic cells decreased from 2.2 ± 0.3 mm−1 to 1.3 ± 0.6 mm−1, whereas, in the apoptotic cells, an increase to 6.4 ± 1.7 mm−1 was observed. The results from cultured cells, as presented in this study, indicate the ability of OCT to detect an...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Advantages and esthetic results of erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet laser application in second-stage implant surgery in patients with insufficient gingival attachment: a report of three casesEmail this article to a colleague.
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We report on three patients with
implants in the anterior area who were operated on under the above conditions. Traditionally, the tissue overlying the implants
is removed and eliminated. In seeking a way to preserve the attached gingiva, we raised a trapezoidal flap, uncovering each
implant and allowing apical repositioning and transpositioning of keratinized gingiva to the buccal side. The results obtained
were compared with those from other patients operated on by conventional scalpel. The erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet
(Er,Cr:YSGG) laser minimized postoperative pain, and the time to prosthe...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
In vivo study of age-related changes in the optical properties of the skinEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The optical properties of the skin (absorption coefficient, scattering coefficient, refractive index) may serve to characterize
the skin and are important for correct light dosimetry in many optical diagnostic procedures and laser treatments especially
photodynamic therapy and laser therapy. We determined in vivo the optical properties of tissues near the wrist, elbow and
knee in subjects of different ages using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, having in view the establishment of laser system
types for the laser treatment of posttraumatic lesions in subjects of different ages. Diffuse reflection of...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 3, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
In vitro investigation of intra-canal dentine–laser beam interaction aspects: II. Evaluation of ablation zone extent and morphologyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Laser endodontic tips appear to provide a promising alternative to available treatment modalities in the field of endodontology.
With the shortcomings in published results regarding the intra-canal behavioural aspects of those tips, it was the aim of
this study to investigate the extent of the intra-canal ablation zone and the pattern associated with those tips. Ninety intact
extracted bovine teeth were used to prepare mid-root testing cylinders. The samples were divided into three groups (A, B,
C), corresponding to the tip diameters. Each group was further subdivided to be irradiated at three diffe...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - September 3, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Desferrioxamine shows different potentials for enhancing 5-aminolaevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy in several cutaneous cell linesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is the photosensitizer in 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). Its further
bioconversion to heme requires iron and can be suppressed by iron chelators such as desferrioxamine (DFO). To investigate
the effectiveness of DFO in enhancing PpIX-based PDT in skin tissue, we selected fibroblasts, HaCat cells and Hep-2 cells
as targets co-cultured with ALA, that have different biological characteristics for PpIX conversion. Evaluated interventions
included: (1) blank control (no ALA, no DFO); (2) DFO alone; (3) ALA alone; and (4) DFO in combination with ALA...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 24, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Influence of different conditioning methods on the shear bond strength of novel light-curing nano-ionomer restorative to enamel and dentinEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate shear bond strength (SBS) between a light-curing nano-ionomer restorative and
enamel or dentin after acid etching, after erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) laser etching, or after combined treatment.
Forty third molars were selected, the crowns were sectioned, and 80 tooth slabs were obtained. The specimens were assigned
to two groups, which were divided into four subgroups(n = 10). Group 1 [enamel (e)], treated with 37% phosphoric acid (A) + Ketac nano-primer (K); group 2 [dentin (d)], (A) + (K);
group 3(e), ...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 18, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Effect of acid etching duration on tensile bond strength of composite resin bonded to erbium:yttrium–aluminium–garnet laser-prepared dentine. Preliminary studyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the tensile bond strength of composite resin bonded to erbium:yttrium–aluminium–garnet
(Er:YAG) laser-prepared dentine after different durations of acid etching. The occlusal third of 68 human third molars was
removed in order to expose the dentine surface. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups: group B (control group),
prepared with bur and total etch system with 15 s acid etching [37% orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4)]; group L15, laser photo-ablated dentine (200 mJ) (laser irradiation conditions: pulse duration 100 µs, air–water spr...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Bone healing of the sheep tibia shaft after carbon dioxide laser osteotomy: histological resultsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the histological results after complete osteotomies of the sheep tibia using either the
prototype carbon dioxide (CO2) laser osteotome ‘OsteoLAS’ (n = 12) or an oscillating saw (n = 12). The laser parameters were as follows: wavelength 10.6 µm; energy of laser pulses 75–85 mJ; pulse duration 80 μs; pulse
repetition rate 200 Hz; spot diameter 460 μm (1/e2 level); radiant exposure 45–51 J/cm2; peak irradiance 0.56–0.64 MW/cm2. Both groups were divided into two subgroups (n = 6), and the animals were killed af...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 12, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
The effect of erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet laser etching on marginal integrity of a resin-based fissure sealant in primary teethEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG)
laser pretreatment alone, or associated with acid etching, on the quality of marginal integrity (microleakage and marginal
gap) of a resin-based fissure sealant in primary teeth. Fifty sound primary molar teeth were randomly assigned to one of five
study groups, pretreated as follows: (1) 35% orthophosphoric acid etching; (2) 2.5 W laser etching; (3) 3.5 W laser etching;
(4) 2.5 W laser + 35% orthophosphoric acid etching; (5) 3.5 W laser + 35% orthophos...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 12, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Effect of laser phototherapy on recurring herpes labialis prevention: an in vivo studyEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study represents an in vivo indication that this treatment should be
further considered as an effective alternative to therapeutic regimens for herpes labialis lesions.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10103-009-0717-9Authors
Renata Rodrigues de Carvalho, University of São Paulo Special Laboratory of Lasers in Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry São Paulo SP BrazilFernanda de Paula Eduardo, University of São Paulo Special Laboratory of Lasers in Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry São Paulo SP BrazilKaren Müller...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 11, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
BMLA Abstracts 2009Email this article to a colleague.
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Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10103-009-0696-x
Journal Lasers in Medical ScienceOnline ISSN 1435-604XPrint ISSN 0268-8921
Journal Volume Volume 24
Journal Issue Volume 24, Number 5 / September, 2009 (Source: Lasers in Medical Science)
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Ex vivo photodynamic diagnosis to detect malignant cells in oral brush biopsiesEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study we proved the efficiency of the fluorimetric detection of a minimum number of malignant cells ex vivo. The goal
of this work was to investigate whether the combination of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) with oral brush biopsy might become
a suitable chair-side tool to detect early oral carcinoma. Small numbers (100–500) of established human tumour cells—small
cell lung carcinoma (OAT 75), transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (SW1710) and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)—were
incubated with 2 mM 5-aminolaevulinic acid (5-ALA). In addition, 50 brush biopsies from volunteers were prep...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Comparison of the effects of short- and long-pulse durations when using a 585-nm pulsed dye laser in the treatment of new surgical scarsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract More than 70 million surgical procedures are performed annually in the USA with the majority involving a skin lesion and almost
all individuals in their lifetime will have one or more surgical procedures resulting in scars. Patients and physicians alike
are thereby motivated to improve the cosmetic outcome of scars. Prior studies have shown that the pulsed dye laser (PDL) is
effective in improving the quality and appearance of the scar when using the 585-nm PDL immediately after the removal of sutures.
Most published studies used a pulse duration of 450 µs, which along with the other study par...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Influence of etching time on bond strength in dentin irradiated with erbium lasersEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of etching time on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of a conventional
adhesive bonded to dentin previously irradiated with erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) and erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet
(Er,Cr:YSGG) lasers. Buccal and lingual surfaces of 45 third molars were flattened until the dentin was exposed and randomly
assigned to three groups (n = 30) according to the dentin treatment: control (not irradiated), irradiated with Er:YAG (1 W; 250 mJ; 4 Hz; 80.6 J/cm2) laser or Er,Cr:YSGG (...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 5, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Photodynamic therapy in dermatology: a reviewEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used for the prevention and treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer. Until recently, clinically
approved indications have been restricted to actinic keratoses, nodular and superficial basal cell carcinoma, and, since 2006,
Bowen disease. However, the range of indications has been expanding continuously. PDT is also used for the treatment of non-malignant
conditions such as acne vulgaris and leishmaniasis, as well as for treating premature skin aging due to sun exposure. The
production of reactive oxygen intermediates like singlet oxygen depends on the light dose applied a...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - August 4, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
In vitro investigation of intra-canal dentine–laser beam interaction aspects: I. Evaluation of ablation capability (ablation rate and efficiency)Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the amount of intra-canal dentine removed with an erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet
(Er,Cr:YSGG) laser using different endodontic tips and different power settings. Ninety intact extracted bovine teeth were
selected as samples. After sectioning the roots and preparing the testing cylinders, we divided the samples into three main
groups (A, B, C), with further subdivision of each group to be irradiated with three different powers (1500 mW, 1750 mW and
2000 mW). An Er,Cr:YSGG laser system (2.78 μm, 140 μs, 20 H...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 27, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Using the ultra-long pulse width pulsed dye laser and elliptical spot to treat resistant nasal telangiectasiaEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Thick linear telangiectasia on the ala nasi and nasolabial crease can be resistant to treatment with the potassium–titanyl–phosphate
(KTP) laser and the traditional round spot on a pulsed dye laser (PDL). We evaluated the efficacy of a 3 mm × 10 mm elliptical
spot using the ultra-long pulse width on a Candela Vbeam® PDL for treatment of PDL- and KTP laser-resistant nasal telangiectasia.
Nasal telangiectasia resistant to PDL (12 patients) and KTP laser (12 patients) in 18 patients were treated with a 3 mm × 10 mm
elliptical spot on the ultra-long pulse pulsed dye la...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 27, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Argon ion laser and halogen lamp activation of a dark and light resin composite: microhardness after long-term storageEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions: Light-activation significantly influenced the Knoop microhardness
values for the darker nanofilled resin composite.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10103-009-0708-xAuthors
Alessandra Cassoni, Guarulhos University Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry São Paulo BrazilJuliana de Oliveira Ferla, Guarulhos University Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry São Paulo BrazilLuis Gustavo Barrotte Albino, Guarulhos University Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry São Paulo BrazilMichel Nicolau Youssef, University of São ...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 24, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Comments on: Red light of 647 nm enhances osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cellsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorsDOI 10.1007/s10103-009-0711-2Authors
Fei Peng, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Wuhan 430030 ChinaHua Wu, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Wuhan 430030 China
Journal Lasers in Medical ScienceOnline ISSN 1435-604XPrint ISSN 0268-8921 (Source: Lasers in Medical Science)
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 23, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Photopolymerization of a dental nanocomposite as restorative material using the argon laserEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of power density and irradiation time of an argon laser on the physico-mechanical
properties of light-cured dental nanocomposites. The composites were cured with 260 mW/cm2 and 340 mW/cm2 power densities at different irradiation times. The degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength, flexural modulus, water
sorption, solubility and reaction temperature were measured. The maximum DC (50%), which was achieved after approximately
20 s irradiation, and the reaction temperature rise (20°C) were demonstrated by composite containing 20% fi...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 22, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Topical imiquimod in conjunction with Nd:YAG laser for tattoo removalEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
imiquimod plus laser therapy demonstrated a more favorable outcome when evaluated by the investigators or subjects. The mean
scores for tattoo clearance from baseline to 2 months after completion of treatment with 5% imiquimod cream versus placebo
cream were 4.3 versus 2.7 as rated by investigators and 4.7 versus 2.3 as rated by subjects. No textural changes were observed
after therapy and were not shown to be different between the two groups. Further large-scale studies are important in developing
a role for the use of imiqumod in laser-assisted tattoo removal.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategor...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 14, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
A three-dimensional evaluation of microleakage of class V cavities prepared by the very short pulse mode of the erbium:yttrium–aluminium–garnet laserEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate microleakage along resin restoration in cavities prepared with an erbium:yttrium–aluminium–garnet
(Er:YAG) laser, with and without acid etching, and to compare it with that in diamond-drilled cavities. Thirty intact molars
were divided into three equal groups. In the teeth in group I, class V cavities were prepared with a diamond drill. Cavities
in groups II and III were prepared with an Er:YAG laser (400 mJ/15 Hz for enamel and 250 mJ/10 Hz for dentine). The cavities
in groups I and II were acid-etched and adhesive and flowable composite...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 11, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Different light-activated in-office bleaching systems: a clinical evaluationEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the efficiency of in-office bleaching systems with different light sources
for color change and possible side effects such as tooth sensitivity and gingival irritations. Forty healthy volunteers aged
18 years and older (average age 27.3 years), having all their natural healthy teeth in shade A3 or darker on the Vita shade
guide, with no restorations on the buccal surfaces and no tooth sensitivity, participated in this study. Participants were
randomly assigned to four groups of ten volunteers. Group 1 received bleaching without light activatio...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 9, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to porphyrin-mediated photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy: an in vitro studyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to develop multidrug resistance is well documented, and the antibiotic resistance showed by an increasing number of bacteria
has shown the need for alternative therapies to treat infections, photodynamic therapy (PDT) being a potential candidate.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of photodynamic therapy as a light–based bactericidal modality to eliminate
Staphylococcus aureus. The study investigated a technique based on a combination of light and a photosensitizer that is capable of producing oxidative
species to induce a cytotoxic effect. A Sta...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 9, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Comparison of the photodynamic fungicidal efficacy of methylene blue, toluidine blue, malachite green and low-power laser irradiation alone against Candida albicansEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study was to evaluate specific effects of photodynamic therapy (energy density 15.8 J/cm2, 26.3 J/cm2 and 39.5 J/cm2) using methylene blue, toluidine blue and malachite green as photosensitizers and low-power laser irradiation on the viability
of Candida albicans. Suspensions of C. albicans containing 106 cells/ml were standardized in a spectrophotometer. For each dye, 120 assays, divided into four groups according to the following
experimental conditions, were carried out: laser irradiation in the presence of the photosensitizer; laser irradiation only;
treatment with the photosensitizer only; no ex...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 6, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Toluidine blue-mediated photodynamic therapy of oral wound infections in ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of toluidine blue (TB)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) on oral wound
infections in rats. The study called for a combination treatment of a 1mg/ml solution of TB with a red light at three intensity
settings of 12 J/cm2, 24 J/cm2 and 48 J/cm2. In the group that was given the highest light dose of 48 J/cm2, an average kill rate of approximately 97% was achieved. A lesser killing effect was achieved in the group that was subjected
to the lowest light dose of 12 J/cm2, where an average of approximately 25% of the bacteria sur...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 6, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Comparison of the effectiveness of the pulsed dye laser 585 nm versus 595 nm in the treatment of new surgical scarsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the pulsed-dye laser (PDL) at a wavelength of 585 nm with those at 595 nm
in the treatment of post-surgical scars, starting on the day of suture removal. The study was a prospective, non-randomized,
double-blind, controlled, clinical trial, set in an outpatient clinic. Fifteen outpatients with 21 post-operative scars at
least 3 cm long were recruited, and 14 patients with 19 scars completed the study. Scars were divided into three equal portions.
Each outer portion was randomly allocated to PDL at 585 nm or at 595 nm (3.5&n...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 6, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Atomic analysis and hardness measurement of the cavity prepared by laserEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the compositional changes and microhardness of the cavity floor prepared by erbium,
chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation with those of the conventional bur-prepared cavity.
A total of 16 extracted human molar teeth (with no carious lesions or repairs) were selected for this study. On the buccal
and lingual (palatal) surfaces of each tooth, cavities (diameter 3 mm, depth 2 mm) were prepared with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser
system (Waterlase MDTM, USA) and high-speed turbine. The cavities were cross-sectioned and subje...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - July 6, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
The role of mast cells in non-ablative laser resurfacing with 1,320 nm neodymium:yttrium–aluminium–garnet laserEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mast cells in mechanisms of collagen remodelling induced by non-ablative
laser treatment. The dorsal skin of Kunming (KM) mice was exposed to 1,320 nm neodymium–yttrium–aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG)
laser weekly for four consecutive weeks. Biopsies were taken 1 h after irradiation and 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 30 days and
60 days after the first treatment. Skin samples were studied for mast cells, fibroblasts, and type I and III collagen, by
toluidine blue, haematoxylin–eosin (HE) and immunohistochemical staining...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 30, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Wavelength effect in temporomandibular joint pain: a clinical experienceEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study reports the treatment of a selected group of 74 patients treated at
the Laser Center of the Federal University of Bahia between 2003 and 2008. Following standard anamneses, clinical and imaging
examination and with the diagnosis of any type of TMD, the patients were prepared for LPT. No other intervention was carried
out during the treatment. Treatment consisted of three sessions a week for 6 weeks. Prior to irradiation, the patients were
asked to score their pain using a visual analog scale (VAS). Lasers of wavelength (λ)780 nm, λ790 nm or λ830 nm and/or λ660 nm
were used at ea...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 30, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
In vitro evaluation of microleakage under orthodontic brackets using two different laser etching, self etching and acid etching methodsEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study evaluated the microleakage of brackets bonded by four different enamel etching techniques. Forty freshly extracted
human premolars were divided randomly into four equal groups and received the following treatment: group 1, acid etching;
group 2, self-etching primer (SEP); group 3, erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) laser etching; and group 4, erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet
(Er,Cr:YSGG) laser etching. After photopolymerization, the teeth were kept in distilled water for 1 month and then subjected
to 500 thermal cycles. Then, the specimens were sealed with nail varnish, st...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 29, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Intraoral metal laser welding: a case reportEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study we describe the intraoral welding in vivo on human subjects by using, as in the previous study, a fibre-delivered neodymium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Nd:YAG) laser.
The in vivo phase allowed a restored prosthesis to be positioned and intraorally welded in the upper central sector with optimal
results both in patient’s comfort and in aesthetic effects. This first in vivo test confirmed that the use of a laser technique for the intraoral welding of metal prostheses is possible, with no particular
problems and risks for the biological structures close to the welding zone.
Content Type Journal ArticleC...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 29, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Low-level laser therapy attenuates creatine kinase levels and apoptosis during forced swimming in ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Studies suggest that high-intensity physical exercise can cause damage to skeletal muscles, resulting in muscle soreness,
fatigue, inflammatory processes and cell apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low-level laser
therapy (LLLT) on a decrease in creatine kinase (CK) levels and cell apoptosis. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided
into two equal groups: group 1 (control), resistance swimming; group 2 (LLLT), resistance swimming with LLLT. They were subjected
to a single application of indium gallium aluminum phosphide (InGaAlP) laser immediately following the e...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 25, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Use of the erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet laser on human enamel tissues. Influence of the air–water spray on the laser–tissue interaction: scanning electron microscope evaluationsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The study investigated the influence of varying amounts of air/water spray and the energy used by an erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet
(Er,Cr:YSGG) 2,780 nm laser when treating dental tissues. The morphological effects produced by the laser interaction on healthy
human enamel were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The vestibular and lingual surfaces of ten molars were
treated with laser at different power settings; each surface was subdivided into cervical, median, and occlusal parts and
treated with different proportions of water spray; the series contained ...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 23, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Evaluation of mechanical properties and porcelain bonded strength of nickel–chromium dental alloy fabricated by laser rapid formingEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim was to evaluate the mechanical properties and porcelain bonded strength of nickel–chromium (Ni–Cr) dental alloy fabricated
by laser rapid forming (LRF). The tensile properties and porcelain bonded strengths of LRF Ni–Cr dental alloy were evaluated
by tensile tests (five specimens per group) and three-point bending tests (ten specimens per group). The same tests for the
cast Ni–Cr dental alloy were used as for the control. The microstructure and the bonding interface of the metal substrate
to porcelain were analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and en...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 23, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Bactericidal activity of erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet laser in root canalsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the erbium, chromium:yttrium–scandium–gallium–garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG)
laser by measuring its bactericidal effect inside root canals experimentally colonized with Enterococcus faecalis. We also determined the optimal conditions for the Er,Cr:YSGG laser to achieve the maximal bactericidal effect. An Er,Cr:YSGG
WaterlaseTM laser was used, and its antimicrobial effect was compared with that of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at various concentrations
as widely used in clinics. This laser emits photons at a wavelength of 2.78 µm. It is a pu...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 23, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Effects of low-level laser therapy on bone formed after distraction osteogenesisEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study evaluated the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the chemical composition, crystallinity and crystalline
structure of bone at the site of distraction osteogenesis. Five rabbits were subjected to distraction osteogenesis (latency
= 3 days; rate and frequency = 0.7 mm/day for 7 days; consolidation = 10 days), and three were given LLLT with arsenide–gallium–aluminum
(AsGaAl; 830 nm, 40 mW): 10 J/cm2 dose per spot, applied directly to the distraction osteogenesis site during the consolidation stage at 48 h intervals. Samples
were harvested at the end of the co...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 23, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Surgical approach with Er:YAG laser on osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) in patients under bisphosphonate therapy (BPT)Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, from our experience, it is possible to observe that an early conservative
surgical approach with Er:YAG laser associated with LLLT, for BP-induced ONJ could be considered as more efficient in comparison
with medical therapy or other conventional techniques.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10103-009-0687-yAuthors
Paolo Vescovi, EMDOLA (European Master Degree on Oral Laser Applications) - University of Parma Oral Medicine and Laser-Assisted Surgery Unit- Section of Dentistry – Department of ENT/Dental/Ophtalmological and Cervico-Facial Sciences Parma ItalyMaddalena Ma...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 19, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Effect of photodynamic therapy on the healing of cutaneous third-degree-burn: histological study in ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to conduct a histological assessment of the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the repairing
of third-degree-burn wounds made on the backs of rats with a heated scalpel. Ninety-six rats were divided into groups: G1,
control (n = 24), cold scalpel; G2, burned, heated scalpel (n = 24); G3, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) (n = 24), on burns; and G4, photodynamic therapy (PDT) (n = 24), toluidine-O blue (100 µg/ml) and LLLT treatment on burns. The laser (685 nm) was applied in continuous mode, 50 mW,
4.5 J/cm2, contact mode at nine points...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 17, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
Pulp temperature increase during photo-activated disinfection (PAD) of periodontal pockets: an in vitro studyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract The capacity of photo-sensitizers, used in combination with laser light to kill micro-organisms has been demonstrated in different
studies. Photo-activated disinfection (PAD) has been introduced in periodontology as an aid for disinfection of periodontal
pockets. The aim of this study is to verify the harm for dental vitality of the use of PAD in periodontal pockets. Root canals
of 24 freshly extracted human teeth where prepared using profiles up to a size of ISO #50 and filled with thermo-conductor
paste. A silicon-based false gum was made in which a periodontal pocket was created and filled with p...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - June 16, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: journals
