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Semi-Automated method of analysis of horizontal histological sections of skin for objective evaluation of fractional devicesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The treatment of skin with fractional devices creates columns of micro-ablation or micro-denaturation depending on the device. Since the geometric profiles of thermal damage depend on the treatment parameters or physical properties of the treated tissue, the size of these columns may vary from a few microns to a few millimeters. For objective evaluation of the damage profiles generated by fractional devices, this report describes an innovative and efficient method of processing and evaluating horizontal sections of skin using a novel software program.Ex vivo porcine skin was treated with the Lux1540/10, Lux1540 Zoom and Lu...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - October 8, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Brian D. Zelickson, Susan E. Walgrave, Munir Yahya H. Al-Arashi, Gregory B. Altshuler, Ilya V. Yaroslavsky, James J. Childs, Rich H. Cohen, Andrei V. Erofeev, Erminaldo F. Depina, Mikhail Z. Smirnov, David A. Kist, David R. Tabatadze Source Type: journals

Comparison of clinical outcomes of oral erythroleukoplakia treated with photodynamic therapy using either light-emitting diode or laser lightEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study tested whether topical ALA-PDT using either the LED or laser light was also an effective treatment modality for oral erythroleukoplakia (OEL) lesions.In this prospective but non-randomized study, 20 OEL lesions were treated with topical ALA-PDT using the 635-nm LED light and 26 OEL lesions were treated with topical ALA-PDT using the 635-nm laser light. The difference in clinical outcomes was compared between the two groups by Fisher exact test.We found that the 20 LED light-treated OEL lesions showed complete response (CR) in 17 and partial response (PR) in 3. The 17 CR OEL lesions required an average of 3.7 (ra...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - October 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Chuan-Hang Yu, Hung-Pin Lin, Hsin-Ming Chen, Hsiang Yang, Yi-Ping Wang, Chun-Pin Chiang Source Type: journals

Utilization of excimer laser debulking for critical lesions unsuitable for standard renal angioplastyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe early experience with revascularization of critical renal artery lesions deemed unsuitable for standard renal angioplasty. Institutional Review Board permission to conduct the data analysis was obtained.Among 130 percutaneous renal artery interventions with balloon angioplasty and adjunct stenting, there were 12 (9%) patients who underwent laser debulking prior to stenting. These patients presented with critical (95±3.5% stenoses) lesions (11 de novo, 1 stent restenosis) deemed unsuitable for standard renal angioplasty because of marked eccentricity and presence of thrombus. Indications for intervention includ...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - October 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: On Topaz, Pritam R. Polkampally, Allyne Topaz, Chudamani R. Polkampally, Jessica Jara, Majid Rizk, Kara McDowell, George Feldman Source Type: journals

Monitoring interstitial m-THPC-PDT in vivo using fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In order to understand the mechanisms of photodynamic therapy (PDT) it is important to monitor parameters during illumination that yield information on deposited PDT dose. The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of monitoring implicit parameters, such as photobleaching, in addition to monitoring explicit parameters (fluence (rate), oxygenation, photosensitizer concentration) directly or indirectly. These parameters are monitored during PDT without interrupting the therapeutic illumination.Rats were injected with 0.3 mg kg-1 m-THPC. Sixteen hours after administration the abdominal muscle in rats was irradiat...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - October 2, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Bastiaan Kruijt, Angelique van der Ploeg-van den Heuvel, Henriette S. de Bruijn, Henricus J.C.M. Sterenborg, Arjen Amelink, Dominic J. Robinson Source Type: journals

Novel wavelengths for laser nerve stimulationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated alternative wavelengths for nerve stimulation.The sciatic nerves of rats were irradiated with four different lasers - a Ho:YAG (2100 nm), a Yb:glass fiber laser (1495 nm) and diode lasers (1450 nm and 1540 nm).All lasers evoked a visible leg twitch response, and electromyography confirmed muscle activation. The Yb:glass laser at 1495 nm delivered through a single mode fiber was found to be the most effective stimulus. The stimulation threshold for a 2 millisecond pulse from the Yb:glass laser was determined to be 3.7±2.8 mJ/cm2.The Yb:glass laser has the potential for use in neurostimulation, as an...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ryan G. McCaughey, Cara Chlebicki, Brian J.F. Wong Source Type: journals

Ablation of articular cartilage with an erbium:YAG laser: An ex vivo study using porcine models under real conditions - ablation measurement and histological examinationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The use of an erbium:YAG laser in arthroscopic surgery has the advantage of a precise treatment of soft tissue. Due to the high absorption in water, the laser energy is perfectly matched to smoothing the hydrous, fibrillated articular cartilage surface. In minimal invasive surgery, the workspace is filled with aqueous liquids for enlargement. This appears contrary to the absorption characteristics of erbium:YAG laser radiation in water. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ablated volume per pulse of cartilage lesions and the potential side effects including thermal damage and tissue necrosis.Twenty-four osteochon...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Jörg Meister, René Franzen, Karsten Gavenis, Martin Zaum, Sven Stanzel, Norbert Gutknecht, Bernhard Schmidt-Rohlfing Source Type: journals

Simulations of measured photobleaching kinetics in human basal cell carcinomas suggest blood flow reductions during ALA-PDTEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a recently completed pilot clinical study at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, patients with superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC) received topical application of 20% 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and were irradiated with 633 nm light at 10-150 mW cm-2. Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) photobleaching in the lesion and the adjacent perilesion normal margin was monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy. In most cases, the rate of bleaching slowed as treatment progressed, leaving a fraction of the PpIX unbleached despite sustained irradiation. To account for this feature, we hypothesized a decrease in blood flow during ALA-photodynamic ...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ken Kang-Hsin Wang, William J. Cottrell, Soumya Mitra, Allan R. Oseroff, Thomas H. Foster Source Type: journals

Assessment of a sheep animal model to optimise photodynamic therapy in the oesophagusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, this model showed many similarities with humans as to mTHPC's plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics, and for tissue PDT response, making it suitable to optimise oesophagus PDT. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine)
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 29, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Thomas M. Glanzmann, Matthieu P.E. Zellweger, François Borle, Ramiro Conde, Alexandre Radu, Jean-Pierre Ballini, Yves Jaquet, Raphaëlle Pilloud, Hubert van den Bergh, Philippe Monnier, Snezana Andrejevic-Blant, Georges A. Wagnières Source Type: journals

Visible light induces no formation in sperm and endothelial cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Visible light-based stimulation using low-intensity lasers, LEDs, and broadband visible light devices has been recently introduced for therapy of human tissues in the absence of exogenous photosensitizers. Nitric oxide (NO) formation might be a potential mechanism for photobiomodulation because it is synthesized in cells by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which contains both flavin and heme groups that absorb visible light. NO synthesis may also result from increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are found in various cell cultures following visible light illumination. NO is mainly known for inducing blood vessel dilati...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 28, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Rinat Ankri, Harry Friedman, Naphtali Savion, Shlomo Kotev-Emeth, Haim Breitbart, Rachel Lubart Source Type: journals

Metallo-naphthalocyanines as photothermal sensitisers for experimental tumours: In Vitro and in vivo studiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aims to investigate the molecular features of the photosensitiser which optimise the photothermal activity.Two octabutoxy-naphthalocyanines centrally coordinated with Pd(II) or Pt(II) ions were prepared by chemical synthesis and tested for their affinity and photothermal sensitisation activity toward a selected tumour cell line, namely B78H1 amelanotic melanoma. Irradiations were performed by using a Ti:sapphire laser operated in a pulsed regime (10 Hz, 30 nanosecond pulses, 120 mJ) at 809 nm (Pt) or 826 nm (Pd). The subcellular distribution pattern of the photosensitiser was also assessed by optical microscopy,...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 28, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Monica Camerin, Santi Rello-Varona, Angeles Villanueva, Michael A.J. Rodgers, Giulio Jori Source Type: journals

Energy output reduction and surface alteration of quartz and sapphire tips following Er:YAG laser contact irradiation for tooth enamel ablationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the changes in energy output and surface condition of quartz and sapphire contact tips after Er:YAG laser contact irradiation for tooth enamel ablation.Ten sets of unused quartz or sapphire contact tips were employed for contact irradiation to sound enamel of extracted teeth. The teeth were irradiated with Er:YAG laser at approximately 75 J/cm2/pulse and 20 Hz under water spray for 60 minutes. The energy output was measured before and every 5 minutes after irradiation, and the changes in morphology and chemical composition of the contact surface were analyzed.The energy output significantly decreased wi...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 23, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Toru Eguro, Akira Aoki, Toru Maeda, Aristeo Atsushi Takasaki, Mitsuru Hasegawa, Masaaki Ogawa, Takanori Suzuki, Kazuaki Yonemoto, Isao Ishikawa, Yuichi Izumi, Ichiroh Katsuumi Tags: Pre-Clinical Articles Source Type: journals

Randomized controlled trial: Comparative efficacy for the treatment of facial telangiectasias with 532 nm versus 940 nm diode laserEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
While the 532 nm wavelength has been demonstrated to be effective for facial telangiectasias, 940 nm is a novel wavelength which has only been reported in case reports. While both the 532 and 940 nm wavelengths are effective for facial telangiectasias, we lack evidence to support whether one wavelength is superior.Randomized, blinded split-faced trial for the 532 and 940 nm diode laser wavelengths. Side effects of erythema, crusting, swelling, and blistering (0-5 scale, 0 = not present, 1 = trace, 5 = severe) were assessed. Prior to treatment and at 2 months after a series of two treatments, telangiectasias were assessed (...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 10, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Emily Tierney, C. William Hanke Source Type: journals

Pulsed dye laser-induced inflammatory response and extracellular matrix turnover in rat vocal folds and vocal fold fibroblastsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined the inflammatory and ECM modulating effects of PDL irradiation on normal vocal fold tissues and cultured vocal fold fibroblasts (VFFs).We evaluated the effects of 585 nm PDL irradiation on inflammatory cytokine and collagen/collagenase gene transcription in normal rat vocal folds in vivo (3-168 hours following delivery of [sim]39.46 J/cm2 fluence) and VFFs in vitro (3-72 hours following delivery of 4.82 or 9.64 J/cm2 fluence). We also examined morphological vocal fold tissue changes 3 hours, 1 week, and 1 month post-irradiation.PDL irradiation altered inflammatory cytokine and procollagen/collage...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 9, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ya Lin, Masaru Yamashita, Jingxian Zhang, Changying Ling, Nathan V. Welham Source Type: journals

Effects of ablative 10,600-nm carbon dioxide fractional laser therapy on suppurative diseases of the skin: A case series of 12 patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have used an ablative 10,600-nm carbon dioxide fractional laser system (CO2 FS) for suppurative diseases in order to attempt improvement. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate the effect of CO2 FS on the course of inflammatory reactions in suppurative diseases.We reviewed a total of 12 Korean patients with suppurative diseases of the skin who had a history of treatment failure with several therapeutic modalities as well as active and multiple inflammatory lesions at the time of CO2 FS treatment.Improvement scores considering the number of suppurative lesions revealed that 3 of the 12 patients demonstrated clinical...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 3, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Sung Bin Cho, Jin Young Jung, Dong Jin Ryu, Sang Ju Lee, Ju Hee Lee Source Type: journals

Blood flow dynamics after laser therapy of port wine stain birthmarksEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to use objective feedback to assess the acute vascular response to laser therapy.A clinic-friendly laser speckle imaging (LSI) instrument was developed to provide the clinician with real-time images of blood flow during laser therapy. Images were acquired from patients undergoing laser therapy of PWS birthmarks at Scripps Clinic and the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic. Blood flow maps were extracted from the acquired imaging data. Histogram-based analysis was applied in grading the degree of heterogeneity present in the blood flow maps after laser therapy.Collectively, two types o...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 2, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Yu-Chih Huang, Nadia Tran, Peter R. Shumaker, Kristen Kelly, E. Victor Ross, J. Stuart Nelson, Bernard Choi Source Type: journals

Effect of cluster multi-diode light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) on exercise-induced skeletal muscle fatigue and skeletal muscle recovery in humansEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we wanted to test if light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) can alter muscle performance, fatigue development and biochemical markers for skeletal muscle recovery in an experimental model of biceps humeri muscle contractions.Ten male professional volleyball players (23.6 [SD ±5.6] years old) entered a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled crossover trial. Active cluster LEDT (69 LEDs with wavelengths 660/850 nm, 10/30 mW, 30 seconds total irradiation time, 41.7 J of total energy irradiated) or an identical placebo LEDT was delivered under double-blinded conditions to the middle of biceps humeri muscle im...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 2, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal Junior, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins, Rafael Paolo Rossi, Thiago De Marchi, Bruno Manfredini Baroni, Vanessa de Godoi, Rodrigo Labat Marcos, Luciano Ramos, Jan Magnus Bjordal Source Type: journals

Is a vein filled with blood a good model for studying endovenous laser ablation?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No. Abstract. (Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine)
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 2, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Serge Mordon, Benjamin Wassmer, Pascal Servell, Jacques Desmyttère, Christophe Grard, Guillaume Stalnikiewicz Source Type: journals

The effects of ultra low fluence rate single and repetitive photodynamic therapy on glioma spheroidsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Achieving local control of gliomas with photodynamic therapy (PDT) requires the delivery of adequate light fluences to depths of 1-2 cm in the resection margin where the majority of local recurrences originate. This is clinically impractical with current single-shot, intraoperative PDT treatments due to the length of time required to deliver adequate fluences. Multiple or extended treatment protocols would therefore seem to be required. The response of human glioma spheroids to 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-mediated PDT using single or, repetitive light delivery protocols was investigated at both low and ultra low fluence ra...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - September 2, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Marlon S. Mathews, Even Angell-Petersen, Rogelio Sanchez, Chung-Ho Sun, Van Vo, Henry Hirschberg, Steen J. Madsen Source Type: journals

In vitro large diameter bowel anastomosis using a temperature controlled laser tissue soldering system and albumin stentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report describes the in vitro LTB anastomosis of a large diameter cylindrical organ. The immediate bond strength, as estimated by burst pressure measurements, was double compared to sutured anastomosis. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine)
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - August 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: David Spector, Yaron Rabi, Irena Vasserman, Amos Hardy, Joseph Klausner, Micha Rabau, Abraham Katzir Source Type: journals

Perfusion in hamster skin treated with glycerolEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study a dorsal skin-flap window was implanted on the hamster skin. The hyper-osmotic drug, that is, glycerol was delivered to the skin through the open dermal end of the window model. A two-dimensional map of blood flow of skin blood vessels was obtained from the speckle contrast (SC) images.Preliminary studies demonstrated that hyper-osmotic agents such as glycerol not only make tissue temporarily transparent, but also reduce blood flow. The blood perfusion was measured every 3 minutes for 36-66 minutes after diffusion of anhydrous glycerol. Blood flow in small capillaries was found to be reduced significantly wit...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - August 6, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Raiyan T. Zaman, Ashwin B. Parthasarathy, Gracie Vargas, Bo Chen, Andrew K. Dunn, Henry G. Rylander III, Ashley J. Welch Source Type: journals

Penetration of CO2 laser into the otic capsule using a hand-held, flexible-fiber delivery systemEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Recently, a new, flexible-fiber, CO2 laser delivery system has been FDA-cleared for clinical use. However, for otologic surgery, no data have been reported correlating power settings to depth of penetration into the otic capsule - the bone that covers the inner ear. This was the goal of our study.Eight cadaveric temporal bones were procured as per our institution's protocols. For each specimen, nine different laser holes were burned into the otic capsule using the flexible-fiber CO2 laser delivery system. Power settings were varied from 10 to 20 W in 2 W increments, and duration of exposure was 100, 200, 300, 400, or 600 m...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 28, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Omid Majdani, Justin Wittkopf, Mary S. Dietrich, Robert F. Labadie Source Type: journals

Laser induced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 1: A visualization studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigates the fluid movements and the mechanism of action caused by an Er,Cr:YSGG laser in a transparent root model.Glass models with an artificial root canal (15 mm long, with a 0.06 taper and apical diameter of 400 µm) were used for visualization and registration with a high-speed imaging technique (resolution in the microsecond range) of the creation of explosive vapor bubbles with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser at pulse energies of 75, 125, and 250 mJ at 20 Hz using a 200 µm fiber (Z2 Endolase). Fluid movement was investigated by means of dyes and visualization of the explosive vapor bubbles, and as a function of ...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 27, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Jan Blanken, Roeland Jozef Gentil De Moor, Maarten Meire, Rudolf Verdaasdonk Source Type: journals

Laser induced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 2: Evaluation of the efficacyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study compares the efficacy of LAI for removal of debris in root canals as compared to conventional irrigation (CI) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI).A splitted tooth model was constructed with straight roots prepared to a 0.06 taper and an apical diameter of ISO 40. A vertical groove was cut in the canal wall at 2-6 mm to the end of the canal in one halve of the root canal wall and filled with dentinal debris. In group 1 root canals were irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl by hand (20 seconds) with the needle 1 mm short from the apical stop, in group 2 NaOCl was ultrasonically activated (20 seconds) with an Irrisafe tip ...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 27, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Roeland Jozef Gentil De Moor, Jan Blanken, Maarten Meire, Rudolf Verdaasdonk Source Type: journals

Comparison of a 1,550 nm Erbium:Glass fractional laser and a chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) method in the treatment of acne scars: A simultaneous split-face trialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Acne scarring is a common complication of acne but no effective single treatment modality has been developed. To compare the efficacy of 1,550 nm Er:Glass fractional laser and chemical reconstruction of skin scar (CROSS) method in the treatment of acne scars.A split-face trial was conducted in 20 patients (10 rolling, 10 icepick types) with acne scars. One side was treated with the 1,550 nm Er:Glass fractional laser three times with a 6-week interval. And the other side was treated with CROSS method two times every 12 weeks.Significant improvement was observed in both sides of the face. In rolling type, the objective and s...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 27, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Hee Jung Kim, Tae Gyun Kim, Yeon Sook Kwon, Jin Mo Park, Ju Hee Lee Source Type: journals

The effects of laser irradiation of cartilage on chondrocyte gene expression and the collagen matrixEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Laser reshaping of cartilage is an emerging technology aimed at replacing conventional techniques for aesthetic and reconstructive surgery. Little is known about the mechanisms of wound healing following the photothermal heating during laser reshaping and, ultimately, how collagen remodels in the irradiated tissue. Healthy hyaline and elastic cartilage as found in the ear, nose, larynx, and trachea does not express collagen type I which is characteristic of fibro-cartilage and scar tissue. The aim of the study was to determine if collagen I and II gene expression occurs within laser irradiated rabbit septal cartilage.Nasal...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 27, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Paul K. Holden, Chao Li, Victor Da Costa, Chung-Ho Sun, Susan V. Bryant, David M. Gardiner, Brian J.F. Wong Source Type: journals

Effects of low-level laser therapy after Corticision on tooth movement and paradental remodelingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Both Corticision and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) are known to affect the rate of tooth movement. Our objective was to investigate the combined effects of Corticision and LLLT on the tooth movement rate and paradental remodeling in beagles.The maxillary second premolars (n = 24) of 12 beagles were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6 per group) based on the treatment modality: group A, only orthodontic force (control); group B, orthodontic force plus Corticision; group C, orthodontic force plus LLLT; group D, orthodontic force plus Corticision and LLLT.Ratios of second premolar-to-canine movement were greater by 2.23...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 27, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Su-Jung Kim, Sung-Uk Moon, Seung-Goo Kang, Young-Guk Park Source Type: journals

Assessment of the optical radiation hazard from a home-use intense pulsed light (IPL) sourceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Intense pulsed light (IPL) systems have evolved and crossed over from the clinic to the home. Studies have shown home-use IPLs to be clinically effective but there has been no published data on ocular safety. It was our aim to measure the spectral and temporal optical radiation output from a home-use IPL and assess the ocular hazard.The iPulse Personal is a new home-use IPL hair reduction system. We measured its optical radiation spectral output using a calibrated diode array spectrometer that was traceable to national standards. Pulse duration was determined by measurement with a fast photodiode. The results from these me...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 27, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ewan Eadie, Paul Miller, Teresa Goodman, Harry Moseley Source Type: journals

Effects of non-invasive, 1,210 nm laser exposure on adipose tissue: Results of a human pilot studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the in vivo effects of this laser in human subjects.Twenty-four adult subjects were exposed non-invasively on the abdomen to a 1,210 nm laser at fluences of 70, 80, and 90 J/cm2, with a 10 mm spot size, 5 seconds pre-cooling, and 3 seconds exposure duration delivered with parallel contact cooling. There was an impairment of the skin-cooling device during the study. Exposure and control sites were biopsied at either 1-3 days or 4-7 weeks. Tissue was processed for nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBTC) staining, a marker for thermal damage, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stai...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 9, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Molly Wanner, Mathew Avram, Denise Gagnon, Martin C. Mihm Jr., David Zurakowski, Kanna Watanabe, Zeina Tannous, R. Rox Anderson, Dieter Manstein Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: journals

In vitro effect of carboplatin, cytarabine, paclitaxel, vincristine, and low-power laser irradiation on murine mesenchymal stem cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the effect of four cytostatics (carboplatin, cytarabine, paclitaxel, vincristine), LPLI, and combination of a cytostatic drug and LPLI on murine MSCs (mMSCs).MMSCs were exposed to LPLI (660 nm diode laser; 60 mW output power; range of power density: 76-156 mW/cm2; range of energy density: 1.9-11.7 J/cm2) and/or a cytostatic drug (carboplatin: 2, 10, 50; cytarabine: 0.4, 10, 50; paclitaxel: 0.4, 2, 10; vincristine: 0.02, 0.1, 0.5 µg/ml, respectively). Cell proliferation was measured after 24, 48, or 72 hours incubation.LPLI at 1.9 J/cm2 dose increased the proliferation rate with 41% after 48 hours. ...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Károly Horvát-Karajz, Zsuzsanna Balogh, Viktória Kovács, András Hámori drRerNat, Lídia Sréter, Ferenc Uher Tags: Basic Research Source Type: journals

Enhancement of bonding to enamel and dentin prepared by Er,Cr:YSGG laserEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Erbium lasers are potential tools to remove caries and dental hard tissue but bond strengths of composites to those preparations are reported to be lower than conventional methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical excavation and/or chemical alteration on bond strength of composites to laser irradiated enamel and dentin.Seventy-two premolars were ground to obtain flat enamel (E, n = 36) or dentin (D, n = 36) surfaces in both buccal and lingual cusps, divided into: LaserExcavation (LEx), LaserNo-excavation (LNex), and Bur (B) groups. The laser groups were irradiated for 10 seconds by Er,Cr:Y...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ali Obeidi, Michael S. McCracken, Perng-Ru Liu, Mark S. Litaker, Preston Beck, Firoz Rahemtulla Tags: Pre-Clinical Reports Source Type: journals

Wide-field spatial mapping of in vivo tattoo skin optical properties using modulated imagingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Modulated imaging is a new modality capable of wide-field, spatially resolved measurement of in vivo optical properties. Based on spatial light modulation, the method is inexpensive, non-contact, and allows spatial mapping of tissue absorption and reduced scattering coefficients at any wavelength between 450 and 1,100 nm. Currently, clinicians rely on qualitative visual inspection to guide parameter selection for laser-based tattoo removal. MI provides quantitative measurements of multi-colored tattooed skin which may help guide treatment and objectively assess response.We have measured the spatially varying optical proper...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Frederick R. Ayers, David J. Cuccia, Kristen M. Kelly, Anthony J. Durkin Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: journals

Phototherapy promotes healing of chronic diabetic leg ulcers that failed to respond to other therapiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We tested the hypothesis that combined 660 and 890 nm LED phototherapy will promote healing of diabetic ulcers that failed to respond to other forms of treatment.A double-blind randomized placebo controlled design was used to study 23 diabetic leg ulcers in two groups of 14 patients. Group one ulcers were cleaned, dressed with 1% silver sulfadiazine cream and treated with "placebo" phototherapy ( (Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine)
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Debora G. Minatel, Marco Andrey C. Frade, Suzelei C. França, Chukuka S. Enwemeka Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: journals

Treatment of hypertrophic and resistant port wine stains with a 755 nm laser: A case series of 20 patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Port wine stains (PWS) are heterogeneous vascular malformations that can be treated with vascular-selective pulsed dye lasers (PDL). Hypertrophic PWS, especially in adults, are consistently less responsive to PDL. Furthermore, many PWS that respond well initially to PDL treatment may reach a response plateau, becoming unresponsive to further PDL treatments, a phenomenon termed "treatment resistance." Based on the theory of selective photothermolysis, vessels in such lesions may also be specifically targeted with a 755 nm laser that has selectivity for deoxyhemoglobin as well as oxyhemoglobin and increased depth of skin pen...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Leonid Izikson, J. Stuart Nelson, R. Rox Anderson Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: journals

Port wine stain progression: A potential consequence of delayed and inadequate treatment?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a 43 year-old man born with a port-wine stain on the right side of his face that extended in the V2 distribution on his face. He had undergone several sessions with a pulsed-dye laser, the sequential dual-wavelength (595 nm and 1064 nm) laser and a CO2 resurfacing laser from the age of 26 but failed to follow through with a sufficient number of treatments to prevent hypertrophy.Due to an insufficient number and interval of treatments (with only 7 treatments over 16 years starting at age 26) with the various lasers, the patient's port wine stain continued to progress in color and development of nodularity.Patients...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Kira Minkis, Roy G. Geronemus, Elizabeth K. Hale Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: journals

The effect of 595 nm pulsed dye laser on superficial and nodular basal cell carcinomasEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of repeated PDL treatments on BCCs of superficial and nodular subtypes and of varying diameters.Twenty biopsy-proven BCCs received four 595 nm PDL treatments at 2-week intervals. The tumor and 4 mm of peripheral skin were treated using a set of previously optimized laser parameters: one pass, 15 J/cm2 energy, 3 ms pulse length, no cooling, and 7 mm spot size with 10% overlap. The treated area was excised and evaluated histologically for residual tumor. Histologic response rates of the PDL treated BCCs were compared with that of non-PDL treated, matched control tumors....
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Sonali M. Shah, Nellie Konnikov, Lyn M. Duncan, Zeina S. Tannous Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: journals

Clinical evaluation of a single-wavelength fractional laser and a novel multi-wavelength fractional laser in the treatment of photodamaged skinEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nonablative fractional lasers are well recognized for rejuvenating photoaged skin. We previously reported favorable outcomes with short follow-up after the use of 1,440-nm Nd:YAG laser energy used alone or in combination with a 1,320-nm laser to effect rejuvenation and wrinkle reduction. We now report longer follow-up data.Nineteen Caucasian subjects (average age 47±8.4; range 33-62) exhibiting mild-to-moderate photoaging of the face and neck were treated four times (average interval 18.1± 4.1 days; range 11-37 days) with the 1,440-nm Nd:YAG fractional laser (average fluence 3.7±0.3 J/cm2) or the 1,320/1,440-nm multiple...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Laurel Naversen Geraghty, Brian Biesman Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: journals

American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery Twenty-Ninth Annual Conference April 1-5, 2009 AbstractsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No Abstract. (Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine)
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 26, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Abstracts Source Type: journals

Skin fluorescence controlled photodynamic photorejuvenation (wrinkle reduction)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study the clinical outcome and side effects using the 0.5% 5-ALA in Caucasian skin are investigated and compared to earlier reported non-ablative treatments for wrinkles and improvements of skin texture using 20% ALA photodynamic photorejuvenation.37 healthy Caucasian female patients participated in a randomized, prospective split face study. Two different intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment modalities were investigated; both employed a pre-treatment of approximately one hour of spraying with 0.5% liposome encapsulated 5-ALA. One modality combined type I photorejuvenation with wrinkle reduction (C-PDT) using a wav...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 25, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Peter Bjerring, Kaare Christiansen, Agneta Troilius, Philip Bekhor, Jaap de Leeuw Tags: Clinical Articles Source Type: journals

Erratum: Hypertrophic scarring of the neck following ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser resurfacing, LSM 2009;41(3):185-188Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No Abstract. (Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine)
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Erratum Source Type: journals

Toluidine blue O photodynamic inactivation on multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aims to determine the in vitro photobactericidal activity of TBO against MDR P. aeruginosa.The efficacy of antibacterial photodynamic inactivation, DNA fragmentation and protein carbonylation of three MDR P. aeruginosa strains and one susceptible strain was compared using TBO as the photosensitizer followed by red light irradiation (630 nm, 90 J/cm2) from a light-emitting diode light source. Subsequently, the efficacy of TBO photodynamic inactivation (TBO-PDI) on 60 MDR strains, including 11 with the efflux pump phenotype and 49 with no pump activity, was tested using the minimum lethal drug concentration (MLC) ...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: S.P. Tseng, L.J. Teng, C.T. Chen, T.H. Lo, W.C. Hung, H.J. Chen, P.R. Hsueh, J.C. Tsai Tags: Basic Research Source Type: journals

Trends in retinal damage thresholds from 100-millisecond near-infrared laser radiation exposures: A study at 1,110, 1,130, 1,150, and 1,319 nmEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Retinal damage thresholds from 100-millisecond exposures to laser radiation for wavelengths between 1,100 and 1,350 nm have never previously been established. We sought to determine the retinal damage threshold for 100-millisecond exposures of near-infrared (NIR) laser radiation wavelengths at 1,110, 1,130, 1,150, and 1,319 nm. These data were then used to create trends for retinal damage thresholds over the 1,100-1,350 nm NIR region based upon linear absorption of laser radiation in ocular media and chromatic dispersion of the eye.The paramacula and macula areas of the retina in Macaca mulatta (rhesus) subjects were expos...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Rebecca L. Vincelette, Benjamin A. Rockwell, Jeff W. Oliver, Semih S. Kumru, Robert J. Thomas, Kurt J. Schuster, Gary D. Noojin, Aurora D. Shingledecker, Dave J. Stolarski, Ashley J. Welch Tags: Pre-Clinical Articles Source Type: journals

Effects of low intensity laser irradiation during healing of skin lesions in the ratEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To determine whether laser light can improve healing of skin wounds by killing wound bacteria while simultaneously accelerating host tissue activity.Wounds on the rat dorsum were irradiated or sham-irradiated three times weekly from days 1 to 19 using 635 or 808 nm diode lasers at 1 or 20 J/cm2. Wound area and bacterial growth were evaluated three times weekly. Histological analysis was performed on days 8 and 19. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on day 19.Wounds that were irradiated using 635 nm light at 1 J/cm2 healed similarly to controls. Wounds that were irradiated using 808 nm (1 and 20 J/cm2, P[le]0.05) an...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ethne L. Nussbaum, Tony Mazzulli, Kenneth P.H. Pritzker, Facundo Las Heras, Fang Jing, Lothar Lilge Tags: Pre-Clinical Articles Source Type: journals

Integration of extracellular matrix with chitosan adhesive film for sutureless tissue fixationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Extracellular matrices (ECMs) are currently applied in reconstructive surgery to enhance wound healing and tissue remodelling. Sutures and staples are usually employed to stabilize ECM on tissue although they may damage the matrix structure. In this investigation, a novel biocompatible bandage was developed to fix ECM on tissue without sutures.An adhesive film, based on chitosan, was integrated with small intestine submucosa (SIS) in a single bandage strip. This bandage was bonded to sheep small intestine upon laser irradiation of the chitosan film (P = 0.12 W, Fluence = 46±1 J/cm2) to assess tissue adhesion strength. The...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Antonio Lauto Tags: Pre-Clinical Articles Source Type: journals

Optimization of topical photodynamic therapy with 3,7-bis(di-n-butylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium bromide for cutaneous leishmaniasisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of our present study is to define the use of a new specific phenothiazine photosensitizer, 3,7-bis(di-n-butylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium bromide (PPA904) applied topically as a cream to treat CL.To establish the optimal conditions for this treatment, we compared two different ways to improve current regimens of PDT with PPA904 cream (500 µM of PPA904 in Unguentum M) by changing the duration of topical application, and by administration of several consecutive PDT procedures. An initial regimen recommended by the manufacturer (Photopharmica Co. Ltd., Leeds, UK) was maintained as a control: the cream was applied t...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Oleg E. Akilov, Wajeeha Yousaf, Sebastian X. Lukjan, Sarika Verma, Tayyaba Hasan Tags: Pre-Clinical Articles Source Type: journals

In vivo diagnosis of oral dysplasia and malignancy using optical coherence tomography: Preliminary studies in 50 patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In vivo, non-invasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) permits high-resolution imaging of tissue surfaces and subsurfaces, with the potential capability for detection and mapping of epithelial pathologies.To evaluate the clinical capability of non-invasive in vivo OCT for diagnosing oral dysplasia and malignancy.In 50 patients with oral lesions, conventional clinical examination was followed by OCT imaging, then standard biopsy and histopathology. Two blinded, pre-standardized investigators separately diagnosed each lesion based on (1) OCT and (2) histopathology.Intra- and inter-observer agreement between diagnoses based...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Petra Wilder-Smith, Kenneth Lee, Shuguang Guo, Jun Zhang, Kathryn Osann, Zhongping Chen, Diana Messadi Tags: Clinical Articles Source Type: journals

Discriminant analysis of autofluorescence spectra for classification of oral lesions in vivoEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluates the potential of a multivariate statistical algorithm to classify oral mucosa from autofluorescence spectral features recorded in vivo.Autofluorescence spectra were recorded in a clinical trial from 15 healthy volunteers and 34 patients with diode laser excitation (404 nm) and pre-processed by normalization, mean-scaling and its combination. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on leave-one-out (LOO) method of cross validation was performed on spectral data for tissue characterization. The sensitivity and specificity were determined for different lesion pairs from the scatter plot of discriminant f...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: J.L. Jayanthi, Rupananda J. Mallia, Sara Thomas Shiny, Kamalsanan V. Baiju, Anitha Mathews, Rejnish Kumar, Paul Sebastian, Jayaprakash Madhavan, G.N. Aparna, Narayanan Subhash Tags: Clinical Articles Source Type: journals

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection with intra-gastric violet light phototherapy: A pilot clinical trialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study assessed the feasibility and safety of whole-stomach intra-gastric violet phototherapy for the treatment of H. pylori infection.A controlled, prospective pilot trial was conducted using a novel light source consisting of laser diodes and diffusing fibers to deliver 408-nm illumination at escalating total fluences to the whole stomach. Eighteen adults (10 female) with H. pylori infection were treated at three U.S. academic endoscopy centers. Quantitative bacterial counts were obtained from biopsies taken from the antrum, body, and fundus, and serial urea breath tests.The largest reduction in bacterial load was in...
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 15, 2009 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Anthony J. Lembo, Robert A. Ganz, Sunil Sheth, David Cave, Ciaran Kelly, Philip Levin, Peter T. Kazlas, Paul C. Baldwin III, William R. Lindmark, Jonathan R. McGrath, Michael R. Hamblin Tags: Clinical Articles Source Type: journals