Mechanism of Phospholipid Hydrolysis for Oyster Crassostrea plicatula Phospholipids During Storage Using Shotgun Lipidomics
AbstractA fast and efficient shotgun lipidomics strategy was applied to analyze phospholipids (PL) in the oysterCrassostrea plicatula, including 29 species of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), 23 species of phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), 11 species of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), 6 species of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), and 17 species of lysophospholipids (Lyso-PL). During storage at 4  °C for 7 days, the PL content decreased by 68.08%, but a significant increase in the FFA content was observed (from 63.11 to 318.72 μg/g). PtdCho and PtdIns decreased relatively by 64.97 and 67.49%, and PtdSer decreased most markedl...
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Identification and Characterization of Phospholipids with Very Long Chain Fatty Acids in Brewer ’s Yeast
AbstractYeast lipids and fatty acids (FA) were analyzed inSaccharomyces pastorianus from seven breweries and in the dietary yeast supplement Pangamin. GC –MS identified more than 30 FA, half of which were very-long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) with hydrocarbon chain lengths of ≥22 C atoms. Positional isomers ω-9 and ω-7 were identified in FA with C18–C28 even-numbered alkyl chains. The most abundant ω-7 isomer wascis-vaccenic acid. The structure of monounsaturated FA was proved by dimethyl disulfide adducts (position of double bonds andcis geometric configuration) and by GC –MS of pyridyl carbinol esters. Ultra-hig...
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Blood HDL-c, the Total Cholesterol/HDL-c Ratio, and Palmitoleic Acid are Not Associated with Variants in Common Candidate Genes
AbstractBlood lipids are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Moreover, circulating lipid and fatty acid levels vary between men and women, and evidence demonstrates these traits may be influenced by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Sex-genotype interactions related to blood lipids and fatty acids have been poorly investigated and may help elucidate sex differences in CVD risk. The goal of this study was to investigate if the influence of SNPs previously associated with blood lipids and fatty acids varies in a sex-specific manner. Lipids and fatty acids were measured in serum and red blood cells (RBC), ...
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Chronic Exercise Reduces CETP and Mesterolone Treatment Counteracts Exercise Benefits on Plasma Lipoproteins Profile: Studies in Transgenic Mice
AbstractRegular exercise and anabolic androgenic steroids have opposing effects on the plasma lipoprotein profile and risk of cardio-metabolic diseases in humans. Studies in humans and animal models show conflicting results. Here, we used a mice model genetically modified to mimic human lipoprotein profile and metabolism. They under-express the endogenous LDL receptor gene (R1) and express a human transgene encoding the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), normally absent in mice. The present study was designed to evaluate the independent and interactive effects of testosterone supplementation, exercise training and ...
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Fatty Acid Composition and Contents of Seven Commercial Fish Species of Genus Coregonus from Russian Subarctic Water Bodies
AbstractIn several Russian northern lakes and rivers, Arctic ciscoCoregonus autumnalis, least ciscoC. sardinella, peledC. peled, tugunC. tugun, broad whitefishC. nasus, whitefishC. lavaretus and vendaceC. albula were sampled in periods of officially permitted commercial fishery. Special attention was paid to contents (mg  g−1 of wet weight) of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in muscle tissues (filets), which are essential for human nutrition. The highest values of EPA  + DHA content in semi-anadromous fish and freshwater fish were recorded forC. autumnalis from the Yenisei River, 17.60  mgÂ...
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Total Synthesis and Structural Elucidation of Two Unusual Non-Methylene-Interrupted Fatty Acids in Ovaries of the Limpet Cellana toreuma
AbstractIn our previous study, unusual odd-numbered dienoic acids with a terminal olefin were found as minor components in ovaries of the Japanese limpetCellana toreuma, and the synthetic interests have been focused onto their structural confirmation and the inspection into their potential biological activity. Here, we describe an efficient and stereoselective total synthesis of two new unusual dienoic acids, 19:2 ∆7,18 and 21:2∆7,20, through a common pathway involving the strategic combination of alkyne-zipper reaction and Lindlar hydrogenation for the construction of their unique carbon chains. In our synthetic study...
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Hyperuricemia is Associated with Increased Apo AI Fractional Catabolic Rates and Dysfunctional HDL in New Zealand Rabbits
In conclusion, hyperuricemia is associated with structural and metabolic modifications of HDL that result in impaired fu nctionality of these lipoproteins. Our data strongly suggest that uric acidper se exerts deleterious effects on HDL that contribute to increase the risk of atherosclerosis. (Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Tissue Uptake Mechanisms Involved in the Clearance of Non-Protein Nanoparticles that Mimic LDL Composition: A Study with Knockout and Transgenic Mice
In conclusion, results support LDLR and apoE as the key players for LDE clearance, apoA-I also infl uences those processes. (Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Erratum to: Inhibition of Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis by Atorvastatin in Adiponectin Knockout Mice
In the original published article, Victor Serebruany was designated as the corresponding author in error. The corresponding author is Jong Sung Park. Dr. Park can be reached by email at thinkmed@dau.ac.kr. (Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Erratum to: Mechanism of Phospholipid Hydrolysis for Oyster Crassostrea plicatula Phospholipids During Storage Using Shotgun Lipidomics
Erratum to: Lipids https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-017-4305-7 (Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - December 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Interplay Between n-3 and n-6 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Endocannabinoid System in Brain Protection and Repair
AbstractThe brain is enriched in arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) of the n-6 and n-3 series, respectively. Both are essential for optimal brain development and function. Dietary enrichment with DHA and other long-chain n-3 PUFA, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), has shown beneficial effects on learning and memory, neuroinflammatory processes, and synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. ARA, DHA and EPA are precursors to a diverse repertoire of bioactive lipid mediators, including endocannabinoids. The endocannabinoid system comprises cannabinoid recept...
Source: Lipids - November 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Total Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Food Sources in the United States Compared to Recommended Intakes: NHANES 2003 –2008
AbstractThe American Heart Association recommends consuming fish (particularly oily fish) at least two times per week, which would provide ≈ 0.5 g/day of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Previous analyses indicate that this recommendation is not being met; however, few studies have assessed different ethnicities, subpopulations requiring additional n-3 fatty acid intake (i.e., children and pregnant and/or lactating women), or deciles of intake. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2008 was used to assess n-3 fatty acid...
Source: Lipids - November 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Lipid Metabolism is Closely Associated with Normal Testicular Growth Based on Global Transcriptome Profiles in Normal and Underdeveloped Testis of Obese Zucker ( fa/fa ) Rats
This study was conducted to examine global testicular transcriptome profile in underdeveloped testes relative to developed ones using Rat Gene 2.0 ST Array (Affymetr ix, USA). Testes were obtained from 14-week-old, sexually mature male obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats. Out of the 1790 transcripts differentially expressed, 1108 and 682 were over-expressed in the underdeveloped and normal testis, respectively (fold change  ≥ 2 andP <  0.05). The ingenuity pathway analysis indicated that transcripts that were under-expressed in the underdeveloped testis, relative to the normal testes, are involved in triacylglycerol biosynt...
Source: Lipids - November 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
miR-17-5p Regulates Differential Expression of NCOA3 in Pig Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue
AbstractFat distribution affects economic value in pork production. Intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) improves meat quality, whereas subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) is usually regarded as waste. In the present study, we analyzed IMAT/SCAT (I/S) ratios in each pig. Individuals selected from a population of 1200 Suhuai pigs were divided into two cohorts; those with high I/S ratios and those with low I/S ratios, and correlations between nuclear Receptor Co-activator 3 (NCOA3), a critical gene involved in regulating fat accumulation, and fat distribution were investigated. The ratio of IMAT NCOA3 to SCAT NCOA3 expression ...
Source: Lipids - November 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
