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190 records returned

The human alpha11 integrin promoter drives fibroblast-restricted expression in vivo and is regulated by TGF-beta1 in a Smad- and Sp1-dependent manner.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Integrin alpha11beta1 is expressed by ectomesenchymally- and mesodermally- derived fibroblasts and is the major collagen receptor on embryonic fibroblasts. We have previously characterized a 3kb human alpha11 promoter region in vitro. In the current study we generated promoter-LacZ reporter transgenic mice to examine the ability of the 3kb alpha11 promoter to drive tissue-specific expression also in vivo. Our data show that the alpha11 promoter region that we have characterized contains most of the regulatory elements that direct ectomesenchymal and mesodermal fibroblast-specific expression. Not much is known about int...
Source: Matrix Biology - November 11, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lu N, Ranta J, Heuchel R, Soininen R, Gullberg D Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Hyaluronan oligosaccharides promote excisional wound healing through enhanced angiogenesis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we prepared a special slow-releasing gel that contains a mixture of defined size of o-HA and studied the healing effects of o-HA by topical application to an acute wound model. We report that o-HA complex promotes the repair of tissue injury of a murine excisional dermal wound. The therapy by o-HA was compared with high molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) and the known angiogenesis stimulator, VEGF. At days 6 to 8 after treatment, significant differences were seen in wound closure rates between o-HA and control or HMW-HA groups, in which o-HA showed an increased wound recovery. Histological analysis revealed that i...
Source: Matrix Biology - November 11, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gao F, Liu Y, He Y, Yang C, Wang Y, Shi X, Wei G Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Platelet Derived Growth Factor B and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition of Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) is involved in wound healing in various organ systems. Its potential role in the context of peritoneal injury following long term peritoneal dialysis is unclear. We used an adenovirus expressing the B chain of PDGF (AdPDGF-B) to assess its effect on pro-fibrotic pathways in the peritoneal membrane. To assess the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta independent effects of PDGF, we over-expressed PDGF-B in the peritoneum of either wild-type mice (Smad3(+/+)) or those with a deletion of the TGFbeta signaling protein Smad3 (Smad3(-/-)). PDGF-B induced sustained angiogenesis in both Sm...
Source: Matrix Biology - November 4, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Patel P, West-Mays J, Kolb M, Rodrigues JC, Hoff CM, Margetts PJ Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Transient tropoelastin nanoparticles are early-stage intermediates in the coacervation of human tropoelastin whose aggregation is facilitated by heparan sulfate and heparin decasaccharides.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe novel 200-300nm spherical particles that serve as intermediates in the formation of the coacervate. Their aggregation gives 800nm to 1microm species. This process is facilitated by heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate interactions which effectively lower the critical concentration to facilitate this transition. This coacervation process was examined using a panel of heparin chains of various lengths and showed greatest efficacy for the decasaccharide, followed by the octasaccharide, while the hexasaccharide displayed the shortest efficacious length. We propose that these oligosaccharide interactions enable the ...
Source: Matrix Biology - November 3, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tu Y, Weiss AS Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

FAK mediates signal crosstalk between type II collagen and TGF-beta 1 cascades in chondrocytic cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, expression of pSMAD 2, pSMAD 3, pFAK(Y397) and pFAK(Y925) were synergistically increased by co-treatment with type II collagen and TGF-beta1 in articular chondrocytes. The proliferation of porcine articular chondrocytes and GAG secretion in SW1353 cells were synergistically increased by co-stimulation with type II collagen and TGF-beta1. Synergistically increased expression and nuclear translocation of pSMAD 2 and pSMAD 3 and GAG secretion of SW1353 cells were significantly inhibited by siFAK transfection. Therefore, we suggest that FAK-SMAD 2/3 mediates signal crosstalk between type II collagen and TGF-beta...
Source: Matrix Biology - October 15, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Park MS, Kim YH, Lee JW Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Extracellular matrix assembly and organization during zebrafish gastrulation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Zebrafish gastrulation entails morphogenetic cell movements that shape the body plan and give rise to an embryo with defined anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes. Regulating these cell movements are diverse signaling pathways and proteins including Wnts, Src-family tyrosine kinases, cadherins, and matrix metalloproteinases. While our knowledge of how these proteins impact cell polarity and migration has advanced considerably in the last decade, almost no data exist regarding the organization of extracellular matrix (ECM) during zebrafish gastrulation. Here, we describe for the first time the assembly of a fibrone...
Source: Matrix Biology - October 15, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Latimer A, Jessen JR Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Leberagin-C, a disintegrin-like/cysteine rich protein from Macrovipera lebetina transmediterranea venom, inhibits alpha-v-beta-3 integrin-mediated cell adhesion.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Leberagin-C, a new member of the disintegrin-like/cysteine-rich (D/C) family, was purified to homogeneity from the venom of Tunisian snake Macrovipera lebetina transmediterranea. It is a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 25,787Da. Its complete sequence of 205 amino acids residues was established by cDNA cloning. The leberagin-C shows many conserved sequences with other known D/C proteins, like the SECD binding sites and a pattern of 28 cysteines. It is the first purified protein from Macrovipera lebetina transmediterranea with only two disintegrin-like/cysteine-rich domains. Leberagin-C is able to inhibit plat...
Source: Matrix Biology - October 2, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Limam I, Bazaa A, Srairi-Abid N, Taboubi S, Jebali J, Zouari-Kessentini R, Kallech-Ziri O, Mejdoub H, Hammami A, El Ayeb M, Luis J, Marrakchi N Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Two Dicarbonyl compounds, 3-deoxyglucosone and methylglyoxal, differentially modulate dermal fibroblasts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Advanced glycation endproducts accumulate on long-lived proteins such as collagens as a function of diet and age and mediate the cross-linking of those proteins causing changes in collagen pathophysiology resulting in the disruption of normal collagen matrix remodeling. Two commonly studied advanced glycation endproduct precursors 3-deoxyglucosone and methylglyoxal were investigated for their role in the modification of collagen and on extracellular matrix expression. Fibroblasts cultured on methylglyoxal cross-linked matrices increased the expression of collagen, active TGF-beta1, beta1-integrin, and decreased Smad7; ...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sassi-Gaha S, Loughlin DT, Kappler F, Schwartz ML, Su B, Tobia AM, Artlett CM Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Identification of alpha-dystroglycan binding sequences in the laminin alpha2 chain LG4-5 module.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, heparin and alpha-dystroglycan binding sequences were identified using 42 overlapping synthetic peptides from the LG4-5 module and using recombinant LG4-5 protein (rec-alpha2LG4-5). Physiological activities of the active peptides were also examined in explants of submandibular glands. Heparin binding screens showed that the A2G78 peptide (GLLFYMARINHA) bound to heparin and prevented its binding to rec-alpha2LG4-5. Furthermore, alanine substitution of the arginine residue in the A2G78 site on rec-alpha2LG4-5 decreased heparin binding activity. When alpha-dystroglycan binding of the peptides was screened, two ...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 28, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Suzuki N, Hozumi K, Urushibata S, Yoshimura T, Kikkawa Y, Gumerson JD, Michele DE, Hoffman MP, Yamada Y, Nomizu M Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants selectively disrupt the protein core of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan perlecan.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The potent oxidants hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypobromous acid (HOBr) are produced extracellularly by myeloperoxidase, following release of this enzyme from activated leukocytes. The subendothelial extracellular matrix is a key site for deposition of myeloperoxidase and damage by myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants, with this damage implicated in the impairment of vascular cell function during acute inflammatory responses and chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. The heparan sulfate proteoglycan perlecan, a key component of the subendothelial extracellular matrix, regulates important cellular processes...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 25, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rees MD, Whitelock JM, Malle E, Chuang CY, Iozzo RV, Nilasaroya A, Davies MJ Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Impaired wound healing in mice lacking the basement membrane protein nidogen 1.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nidogen 1 and 2 are ubiquitous basement membrane (BM) components, whose interactions in particular with laminin, collagen IV and perlecan have been considered important for BM formation. Genetic deletion of either NID gene does not reveal BM alterations suggesting compensatory roles for nidogen 1 and 2. However, neurological deficits in nidogen 1 null mice, not seen in the absence of nidogen 2, also suggest isoform specific functions. To test this further, skin wound healing which requires BM reformation was studied in adult nidogen 1 deficient mice. Although re-epithelization was not altered, the newly formed epidermi...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 16, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Baranowsky A, Mokkapati S, Bechtel M, Krügel J, Miosge N, Wickenhauser C, Smyth N, Nischt R Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Adult human bone marrow stromal cells regulate expression of their MMPs and TIMPs in differentiation type-specific manner.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Previously, we described a profound impact of structural conformation of collagen matrix on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. Thus, a marginal p38-independent adipogenesis on native collagen I matrix contrasts with an efficient p38-dependent differentiation on denatured collagen I. An efficient Hsp90-dependent osteogenesis occurs on native collagen I matrix but not on its denatured counterpart where it is insignificant and proceeds in an Hsp90-independent manner. Whereas only marginal osteogenesis and no detectable adipogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells occur on native collagen ...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 14, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mauney J, Volloch V Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Human bone marrow-derived stromal cells show highly efficient thermal stress-resistant adipogenesis on denatured collagen IV matrix but not on its native counterpart.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Collagen IV is the major matrix component associated with differentiating adipocytes in adipose tissues, and the understanding of its contribution in adipogenic differentiation could be important for elucidation of mechanisms and processes driving the obesity. Therefore, in the light of our previous findings of differential effects of structural conformation of collagen I matrix on differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells, we investigated whether similar phenomenon occurs on collagen IV matrix in native and denatured structural states. The results of the present study show that native collagen IV is unsupportive of...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 13, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mauney J, Volloch V Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

A novel functional role of iduronate-2-sulfatase in zebrafish early development.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains of extracellular matrix and cell membrane-tethered proteoglycans exert specific cellular functions by interacting with a broad spectrum of morphogens and growth factors. In humans, a congenital impaired catabolism of sulfated glycosaminoglycans is associated with severe metabolic disorders. Here, we report on the identification and characterization of a zebrafish iduronate sulfatase orthologue. By knocking down its function with antisense morpholino oligos, we demonstrate that iduronate sulfatase plays a critical role during early vertebrate development and its downregulation may be re...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 13, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Moro E, Tomanin R, Friso A, Modena N, Tiso N, Scarpa M, Argenton F Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Specific processing of tenascin-C by the metalloprotease meprinbeta neutralizes its inhibition of cell spreading.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The metalloprotease meprin has been implicated in tissue remodelling due to its capability to degrade extracellular matrix components. Here, we investigated the susceptibility of tenascin-C to cleavage by meprinbeta and the functional properties of its proteolytic fragments. A set of monoclonal antibodies against chicken and human tenascin-C allowed the mapping of proteolytic fragments generated by meprinbeta. In chicken tenascin-C, meprinbeta processed all three major splicing variants by removal of 10kDa N-terminal and 38kDa C-terminal peptides, leaving a large central part of subunits intact. A similar cleavage patt...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 10, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ambort D, Brellier F, Becker-Pauly C, Stöcker W, Andrejevic-Blant S, Chiquet M, Sterchi EE Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

A comparison of different purification methods of aggrecan fragments from human articular cartilage and synovial fluid.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the study of aggrecan fragmentation several methods to extract and purify aggrecan from cartilage and synovial fluid (SF) are used. This work compares and evaluates the effectiveness for purification of aggrecan of the most commonly used methods by the ratio of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) to protein and by fragment analysis by Western blot. A novel method for purification of aggrecan fragments from SF by boiling (Boiled SF) is also presented. Of the sGAG extracted from cartilage by guanidinium, 66% was recovered by associative-dissociative cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation (A1D1-D3) with a 9 time...
Source: Matrix Biology - September 6, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Struglics A, Larsson S Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Dynamic loading stimulates chondrocyte biosynthesis when encapsulated in charged hydrogels prepared from poly(ethylene glycol) and chondroitin sulfate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, extracellular events associated with a charged matrix has a dramatic affect on how chondrocytes respond to mechanical stimulation within these artificial 3D matrices suggesting that streaming potentials and/or dynamic changes in osmolarity may be important regulators of chondrocytes while cell deformation and fluid flow appear to have less of an effect. PMID: 19720146 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Matrix Biology)
Source: Matrix Biology - August 27, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Villanueva I, Gladem SK, Kessler J, Bryant SJ Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

LRP1 regulates remodeling of the extracellular matrix by fibroblasts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1) is an endocytic receptor for diverse proteases, protease inhibitors, and other plasma membrane proteins, including the urokinase receptor (uPAR). LRP1 also functions in cell-signaling and regulates gene expression. The goal of this study was to determine whether LRP1 regulates remodeling of provisional extracellular matrix (ECM) by fibroblasts. To address this problem, we utilized an in vitro model in which type I collagen was reconstituted and overlaid with fibronectin. Either the collagen or fibronectin was fluorescently-labeled. ECM remodeling by fibroblasts de...
Source: Matrix Biology - August 18, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gaultier A, Hollister M, Reynolds I, Hsieh EH, Gonias SL Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

The alpha 2 chain of collagen type VI sequesters latent proforms of matrix-metalloproteinases and modulates their activation and activity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the alpha2(VI) chain modulates MMP availability by sequestering proMMPs in the ECM, blocking proteolytic activity. Therefore, CVI and especially its alpha2(VI) chain might serve as a lead structure for MMP-based therapeutics which modulate the action of these matrix components, e.g. in fibrosis and cancer. PMID: 19698785 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Matrix Biology)
Source: Matrix Biology - August 17, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Freise C, Erben U, Muche M, Farndale R, Zeitz M, Somasundaram R, Ruehl M Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Evidence against proteoglycan mediated collagen fibril load transmission and dynamic viscoelasticity in tendon.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) dermatan sulphate and chondroitin sulphate side-chains of small leucine-rich proteoglycans have been increasingly posited to act as molecular cross links between adjacent collagen fibrils and to directly contribute to tendon elasticity. GAGs have also been implicated in tendon viscoelasticity, supposedly affecting frictional loss during elongation or fluid flow through the extra cellular matrix. The current study sought to systematically test these theories of tendon structure-function by investigating the mechanical repercussions of enzymatic depletion of GAG complexes by chondroitinase ABC...
Source: Matrix Biology - August 17, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Fessel G, Snedeker JG Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Defining the Role of Laminin-332 in Carcinoma.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The deadly feature of cancer, metastasis, requires invasion of cells through basement membranes (BM), which normally act as a barrier between tissue compartments. In the case of many epithelially-derived cancers (carcinomas), Laminin-332 (Ln-5 332) is a key component of the BM barrier. This review provides a historical examination of Ln-332 from its discovery through identification of its functions in BM and possible role in carcinomas. Current understanding points to distinct roles for the three Ln-332 subunits (alpha3, beta3, gamma2) in cell adhesion, extracellular matrix stability, and cell signaling processes in ca...
Source: Matrix Biology - August 13, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Guess CM, Quaranta V Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

ADAM17 Co-purifies with TIMP-3 and Modulates Endothelial Invasion Responses in Three-Dimensional Collagen Matrices.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated potential mechanisms through which the known anti-angiogenic factor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) blocks angiogenesis. As a strategy to identify TIMP-3 binding proteins, we used tandem affinity purification, employing recombinant adenoviruses constructed to deliver TIMP-3 fused to C-terminal S and His tags (TIMP-3-S-His) or TIMP-1-S-His control to endothelial cells prior to extraction. Western blotting of final eluates revealed robust binding of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 and a slight association of ADAM15 to TIMP-3, but not TIMP-1 control. To confirm a ...
Source: Matrix Biology - August 6, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kwak HI, Mendoza EA, Bayless KJ Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Mouse AMACO, a kidney and skin basement membrane associated molecule that mediates RGD-dependent cell attachment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The VWA domain-containing extracellular matrix protein AMACO has not been extensively characterized and its function remains unknown. It has been proposed as a potential cancer marker and carries a rare O-glucosylation and O-fucosylation on its first EGF-like domain. AMACO is a basement membrane associated protein, however its exact localization has not been determined. Here we show by immunogold electron microscopy of mouse kidney and skin that AMACO does not occur within the basement membrane but rather subjacent to the basement membrane at its stromal surface. In skin, AMACO often colocalizes with triple-helical dom...
Source: Matrix Biology - July 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gebauer JM, Keene DR, Olsen BR, Sorokin LM, Paulsson M, Wagener R Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

The C-terminal domains of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 promote association with N-TIMP-3.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated whether the affinity of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-3 for adamalysins with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4 and ADAMTS-5 is affected by the non-catalytic ancillary domains of the enzymes. For this purpose, we first established a novel method of purifying recombinant FLAG-tagged TIMP-3 and its inhibitory N-terminal domain (N-TIMP-3) by treating transfected HEK293 cells with sodium chlorate to prevent heparan sulfate proteoglycan-mediated TIMP-3 internalization. TIMP-3 and N-TIMP-3 affinity for selected matrix metalloproteinases and forms of ADAMTS-4 and -5 lacking sequential C-terminal ...
Source: Matrix Biology - July 26, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Troeberg L, Fushimi K, Scilabra SD, Nakamura H, Dive V, Thøgersen IB, Enghild JJ, Nagase H Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Characterization of an unusual tropoelastin with truncated C-Terminus in the frog.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tropoelastin is the monomeric form of elastin, a major polymeric protein of the extracellular elastic matrix of vertebrate tissues with properties of extensibility and elastic recoil. Mammalian and avian species contain a single gene for tropoelastin. A tropoelastin gene has also previously been identified in amphibians. In contrast, two tropoelastin genes with different tissue expression patterns have been described in teleosts. While general characteristics of tropoelastins, such as alternating arrangements of hydrophobic and crosslinking domains, are conserved across a wide phylogenetic range, sequences of these dom...
Source: Matrix Biology - July 24, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Miao M, Stahl RJ, Petersen LF, Reintsch WE, Davis EC, Keeley FW Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Craniofacial cartilage morphogenesis requires zebrafish col11a1 activity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The zebrafish ortholog of the human COL11A1 gene encoding the cartilage collagen XI proalpha1 chain was characterized to explore its function in developing zebrafish using the morpholino-based knockdown strategy. We showed that its expression in zebrafish is developmentally regulated. A low expression level was detected by real-time PCR during the early stages of development. At 24 hpf, a sharp peak of expression was observed. At that stage, in situ hybridization indicated that col11a1 transcripts are restricted to notochord. At 48 hpf, they were exclusively detected in the craniofacial skeleton, endoskeleton of pector...
Source: Matrix Biology - July 24, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Baas D, Malbouyres M, Haftek-Terreau Z, Le Guellec D, Ruggiero F Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Characterization and regulation of ADAMTS-16.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we ascertained that the full length ADAMTS16 mRNA was expressed in chondrocytes and cloned the appropriate cDNA. Stable over-expression of ADAMTS16 in chondrosarcoma cells led to a decrease in cell proliferation and migration, though not adhesion, as well as a decrease in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13). The transcription start point of the human ADAMTS16 gene was experimentally identified as 138bp upstream of the translation start ATG and the basal promoter was mapped out to -1802bp. Overexpression of Egr1 induced ADAMTS16 promoter constructs of -157/+138 or longer whilst Sp1 induced a...
Source: Matrix Biology - July 23, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Surridge AK, Rodgers UR, Swingler TE, Davidson RK, Kevorkian L, Norton R, Waters JG, Goldring MB, Parker AE, Clark IM Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Hyaluronan synthases and hyaluronidases in the kidney during changes in hydration status.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, HAS 2 appears a major contributor to the baseline levels of hyaluronan. Reduced HAS 2 gene expression and increased excreted urinary hyaluronidase activity during dehydration contribute to the reduced amount of hyaluronan and to antidiuretic response. PMID: 19635555 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Matrix Biology)
Source: Matrix Biology - July 23, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rügheimer L, Olerud J, Johnsson C, Takahashi T, Shimizu K, Hansell P Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

The internal mechanical functioning of intervertebral discs and articular cartilage, and its relevance to matrix biology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Degeneration of intervertebral discs and articular cartilage can cause pain and disability. Risk factors include genetic inheritance and age, but mechanical loading also is important. Its influence has been investigated using miniature pressure transducers to measure the distribution of compressive stress (force per unit area) within loaded tissue. The technique quantifies stress concentrations, and detects regions that behave in a fluid-like manner. Intervertebral discs demonstrate a central fluid-like region which normally extends beyond the anatomical nucleus pulposus so that the whole disc functions like a "water b...
Source: Matrix Biology - July 4, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Adams MA, Dolan P, McNally DS Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Site controlled transgenic mice validating increased expression from human matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) promoter due to a naturally occurring SNP.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a family of more than 20 members, each with the ability to degrade components of the extracellular matrix. The interstitial collagenases have the unique capacity to degrade the stromal collagens, types I, II and III, the body's most abundant proteins. These collagenases include MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-13 and MMP-14. MMP-1, with a very broad expression pattern, has major roles in mediating matrix destruction in many diseases. We have described a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MMP-1 promoter that augments transcription. This SNP is the presence or absence of an extra guani...
Source: Matrix Biology - July 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Coon CI, Fiering S, Gaudet J, Wyatt CA, Brinckerhoff CE Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Transport of a hyaluronan-binding protein in brain tissue.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hyaluronan is an unsulfated linear glycosaminoglycan with the ability to nucleate extracellular matrices by the formation of aggregates with lecticans. These matrices are essential during development of the central nervous system. In the prospective white matter of the developing brain hyaluronan is organized into fiber-like structures according to confocal microscopy of fixed slices which may guide the migration of neural precursor cells (Baier et al. 2007). By using plasmon surface resonance, microinjection into brain slices and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we show that the brain-specific lecticans bind to,...
Source: Matrix Biology - June 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kappler J, Hegener O, Baader SL, Franken S, Gieselmann V, Häberlein H, Rauch U Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Lack of fibulin-3 alters regenerative tissue responses in the primary olfactory pathway.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The adult olfactory epithelium has maintained the ability to reconstitute its olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) from a basal progenitor cell compartment. This allows for life-long turnover and replacement of receptor components as well as repair of the primary olfactory pathway in response to injury and environmental insults. The present study investigated whether fibulin-3, a glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix and binding partner of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3), plays a role in ongoing plasticity and regenerative events in the primary adult olfactory pathway. In wild-type control mice, fibuli...
Source: Matrix Biology - June 8, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Vukovic J, Marmorstein LY, McLaughlin PJ, Sasaki T, Plant GW, Harvey AR, Ruitenberg MJ Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Cyclic AMP regulates extracellular matrix gene expression and metabolism in cultured primary rat chondrocytes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report, we assess the effect of the cell-permeable cAMP analog adenosine 8-(4-chloro-phenylthio)-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (CPT-cAMP) and PGE(2) on mRNA expression in primary neonatal rat chondrocytes. CPT-cAMP decreased type II collagen, link protein, parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor and alkaline phosphatase, increased glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA and lactate efflux, but did not alter type X collagen or aggrecan mRNA. The effect of CPT-cAMP on type II collagen and link protein mRNAs and chondrocyte metabolism were attenuated by the transcriptional inhibitor actinom...
Source: Matrix Biology - June 5, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rockel JS, Grol M, Bernier SM, Leask A Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

C-terminal fragment of transforming growth factor beta-induced protein (TGFBIp) is required for apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Transforming growth factor beta induced protein (TGFBIp), is secreted into the extracellular space. When fragmentation of C-terminal portions is blocked, apoptosis is low, even when the protein is overexpressed. If fragmentation occurs, apoptosis is observed. Whether full-length TGFBIp or integrin-binding fragments released from its C-terminus is necessary for apoptosis remains equivocal. More importantly, the exact portion of the C-terminus that conveys the pro-apoptotic property of TGFBIp is uncertain. It is reportedly within the final 166 amino acids. We sought to determine if this property is dependent upon the fin...
Source: Matrix Biology - June 5, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zamilpa R, Rupaimoole R, Phelix CF, Somaraki-Cormier M, Haskins W, Asmis R, Lebaron RG Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

The knee osteoarthritis susceptibility locus DVWA on chromosome 3p24.3 is the 5' part of the split COL6A4 gene.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a recent study the DVWA gene located on human chromosome 3p24.3 was identified as a susceptibility locus for knee osteoarthritis in Japanese and Chinese patients (Miyamoto, Y., Shi, D., Nakajima, M., Ozaki, K., Sudo, A., Kotani, A., Uchida, A., Tanaka, T., Fukui, N., Tsunoda, T., Takahashi, A., Nakamura, Y., Jiang, Q., Ikegawa, S., 2008. Common variants in DVWA on chromosome 3p24.3 are associated with susceptibility to knee osteoarthritis. Nat. Genet. 40, 994-998). The authors concluded that DVWA codes for a novel protein containing two von Willebrand factor A (VWA) domains without a signal peptide sequence. The exp...
Source: Matrix Biology - May 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wagener R, Gara SK, Kobbe B, Paulsson M, Zaucke F Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Maturational alterations in gap junction expression and associated collagen synthesis in response to tendon function.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Energy-storing tendons including the equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) contribute to energetic efficiency of locomotion at high-speed gaits, but consequently operate close to their physiological strain limits. Significant evidence of exercise-induced microdamage has been found in the SDFT which appears not to exhibit functional adaptation; the degenerative changes have not been repaired by the tendon fibroblasts (tenocytes), and are proposed to accumulate and predispose the tendon to rupture during normal athletic activity. The anatomically opposing common digital extensor tendon (CDET) functions only to ...
Source: Matrix Biology - May 27, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Young NJ, Becker DL, Fleck RA, Goodship AE, Patterson-Kane JC Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Hyaluronan concentration within a 3D collagen matrix modulates matrix viscoelasticity, but not fibroblast response.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The use of 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironments to deliver growth-inductive signals for tissue repair and regeneration requires an understanding of the mechanisms of cell-ECM signaling. Recently, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been incorporated in collagen matrices in an attempt to recreate tissue specific microenvironments. However, it is not clear how HA alters biophysical properties (e.g. fibril microstructure and mechanical behavior) of collagen matrices or what impact these properties have on cell behavior. The present study determined the effects of varying high molecular weight HA concentration on 1) the as...
Source: Matrix Biology - May 12, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kreger ST, Voytik-Harbin SL Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Perlecan regulates developmental angiogenesis by modulating the VEGF-VEGFR2 axis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Using the zebrafish, we previously identified a central function for perlecan during angiogenic blood vessel development. Here, we explored the nature of perlecan function during developmental angiogenesis. A close examination of individual endothelial cell behavior revealed that perlecan is required for proper endothelial cell migration and proliferation. Because these events are largely mediated by VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling, we investigated the relationship between perlecan and the VEGF pathway. We discovered that perlecan knockdown caused an abnormal increase and redistribution of total VEGF-A protein suggesting that pe...
Source: Matrix Biology - May 5, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zoeller JJ, Whitelock JM, Iozzo RV Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Identification of multiple potent binding sites for human leukocyte associated Ig-like receptor LAIR on collagens II and III.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Immune responses are tightly controlled by the opposing actions of activating and inhibitory immune receptors. Previously we identified collagens as ligands for the inhibitory leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1), revealing a novel mechanism of peripheral immune regulation by inhibitory immune receptors binding to extracellular matrix collagens. This interaction can be blocked by LAIR-2, a secreted member of the LAIR-1 family. LAIR-1 specifically interacts with synthetic trimeric peptides containing 10 repeats of glycine-proline-hydroxyproline (GPO) residues which can directly inhibit immune cell activation...
Source: Matrix Biology - May 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lebbink RJ, Raynal N, de Ruiter T, Bihan DG, Farndale RW, Meyaard L Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein have distinct roles in dentin mineralization.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), a major non-collagenous matrix protein of odontoblasts, is proteolytically cleaved into dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and dentin phosphoprotein (DPP). Our previous studies revealed that DSPP null mice display a phenotype similar to human autosomal dominant dentinogenesis imperfecta, in which teeth have widened predentin and irregular dentin mineralization resulting in sporadic unmineralized areas in dentin and frequent pulp exposure. Earlier in vitro studies suggested that DPP, but not DSP, plays a significant role in initiation and maturation of dentin mineralization. However, the precis...
Source: Matrix Biology - May 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Suzuki S, Sreenath T, Haruyama N, Honeycutt C, Terse A, Cho A, Kohler T, Müller R, Goldberg M, Kulkarni AB Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

MVL-PLA2, a phospholipase A2 from Macrovipera lebetina transmediterranea venom, inhibits tumor cells adhesion and migration.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Here, we report the purification and characterization of an acidic Asp49 phospholipase A2, named MVL-PLA2, with a molecular mass of 13,626.64 Da. The complete MVL-PLA2 cDNA was cloned from Macrovipera lebetina transmediterranea venom gland cDNA library. MVL-PLA2 possesses 122 amino acid residues, including 14 cysteines, and belongs to group II snake venom phospholipase A2 enzymes. MVL-PLA2 was not cytotoxic up to 2 muM and completely abolished cell adhesion and migration of various human tumor cells. Chemical modification with p-bromophenacyl bromide abolished the enzymatic activity of MVL-PLA2 without affecting its an...
Source: Matrix Biology - May 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Bazaa A, Luis J, Srairi-Abid N, Kallech-Ziri O, Kessentini-Zouari R, Defilles C, Lissitzky JC, El Ayeb M, Marrakchi N Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix in patellar tendinopathy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The changes in proteoglycan and collagen levels observed in patellar tendinopathy appear to be primarily due to changes in the metabolic turnover of these macromolecules. Changes in the expression of these macromolecules may not play a major role in this process. PMID: 19371780 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Matrix Biology)
Source: Matrix Biology - May 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tom S, Parkinson J, Ilic MZ, Cook J, Feller JA, Handley CJ Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

The hyaluronan-protein complexes at low ionic strength: How the hyaluronidase activity is controlled by the bovine serum albumin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hyaluronan (HA) hydrolysis catalysed by hyaluronidase (HAase) is strongly inhibited when performed at low HAase over HA concentration ratio and under low ionic strength conditions. The reason is the ability of long HA chains to form electrostatic and non-catalytic complexes with HAase. For a given HA concentration, low HAase concentrations lead to very low hydrolysis rates because all the HAase molecules are sequestered by HA, whilst high HAase concentrations lead to high hydrolysis rates because the excess of HAase molecules remains free and active. At pH 4, non-catalytic proteins like bovine serum albumin (BSA) are a...
Source: Matrix Biology - April 24, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lenormand H, Tranchepain F, Deschrevel B, Vincent JC Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Matrix metalloproteinase-1 cleavage site recognition and binding in full-length human type III collagen.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we examined the mechanism of interaction and cleavage of human type III collagen by fibroblast MMP-1 by using a panel of recombinant human type III collagens (rhCIIIs) containing engineered sequences in the vicinity of the cleavage site. Native and recombinant type III collagens had similar biochemical and structural characteristics, as indicated by transmission electron microscopy, circular dichroism spectropolarimetry, melting temperature and hydroxyproline analysis. A single amino acid change at the I785 cleavage site to proline resulted in partial MMP-1 resistance, but cuts were found in novel sites in th...
Source: Matrix Biology - April 24, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Williams KE, Olsen DR Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Effects of transforming growth factor-beta1 and vascular endothelial growth factor 165 gene transfer on Achilles tendon healing.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Repaired Achilles tendons typically take weeks before they are strong enough to handle physiological loads. Gene therapy is a promising treatment for Achilles tendon defects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histological/biomechanical effects of Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF(165)) gene transfer on Achilles tendon healing in rabbits. Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) were transduced with adenovirus carrying human TGF-beta1 cDNA (Ad-TGF-beta1), human VEGF(165) cDNA (Ad-VEGF(165)), or both (PIRES-TGF-beta1/VEGF(165)) Viruses, ...
Source: Matrix Biology - April 21, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hou Y, Mao Z, Wei X, Lin L, Chen L, Wang H, Fu X, Zhang J, Yu C Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Expression and function of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-28.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Matrix metalloproteinase-28 (MMP-28, epilysin) is highly expressed in the skin by keratinocytes, the developing and regenerating nervous system and a number of other normal human tissues. In epithelial cells, over-expression of MMP-28 mediates irreversible epithelial to mesenchymal transition concomitant with loss of E-cadherin from the cell surface and an increase in active transforming growth factor beta. We recently reported the expression of MMP-28 in both cartilage and synovium where expression is increased in patients with osteoarthritis. In human chondrosarcoma cells MMP-28 was activated by proprotein convertase...
Source: Matrix Biology - April 16, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rodgers UR, Kevorkian L, Surridge AK, Waters JG, Swingler TE, Culley K, Illman S, Lohi J, Parker AE, Clark IM Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Progression of human bone marrow stromal cells into both osteogenic and adipogenic lineages is differentially regulated by structural conformation of collagen I matrix via distinct signaling pathways.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Adult human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) containing or consisting of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an important source in tissue homeostasis and repair. Although many processes involved in their differentiation into diverse lineages have been deciphered, substantial inroads remain to be gained to synthesize a complete regulatory picture. The present study suggests that structural conformation of extracellular collagen I, the major organic matrix component in musculoskeletal tissues, plays, along with differentiation stimuli, a decisive role in the selection of differentiation lineage. It introduces a novel con...
Source: Matrix Biology - April 16, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mauney J, Volloch V Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Endothelial cell adhesion, signaling, and morphogenesis in fibroblast-derived matrix.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Extracellular matrix plays a critical role in cellular development by providing signaling cues that direct morphogenesis. In order to study both the cues that natural matrix provides and endothelial cell responses to that information, human fetal lung fibroblasts were used to produce a fibrous three-dimensional matrix. Following the removal of the fibroblasts by detergent extraction, protein and proteoglycan constituents of the remaining matrix were identified by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. Matrix components included fibronectin, tenascin-C, collagen I, collagen IV, collagen VI, versican, and decorin. Coloca...
Source: Matrix Biology - April 16, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Soucy PA, Romer LH Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

A mouse model expressing a truncated form of ameloblastin exhibits dental and junctional epithelium defects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to further characterize the enamel organ and mineralized matrix produced in the AMBN knockout mouse. However, in the course of our study, we unexpectedly found that this mouse is in fact a mutant that does not express the full-length protein but that produces a truncated form of AMBN. Mandibles from wild type and mutant mice were processed for morphological analyses and immunolabeling. Microdissected enamel organs and associated matrix were also prepared for molecular and biochemical analyses. In incisors from mutants, ameloblasts lost their polarized organization and the enamel organ detach...
Source: Matrix Biology - April 16, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wazen RM, Moffatt P, Zalzal SF, Yamada Y, Nanci A Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals

Collagen I matrix contributes to determination of adult human stem cell lineage via differential, structural conformation-specific elicitation of cellular stress response.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19375506 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Matrix Biology)
Source: Matrix Biology - April 16, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mauney J, Volloch V Tags: Matrix Biol Source Type: journals