Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social SciencesThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

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Analyzing multitrait-multimethod data: A comparison of three approaches.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences)
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - August 18, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Höfling, Volkmar; Schermelleh-Engel, Karin; Moosbrugger, Helfried Source Type: journals

A CTC(M-1) model for different types of raters.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences)
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - August 18, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nussbeck, Fridtjof W.; Eid, Michael; Geiser, Christian; Courvoisier, Delphine S.; Lischetzke, Tanja Source Type: journals

Three-mode models for multitrait-multimethod data.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences)
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - August 18, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Oort, Frans J. Source Type: journals

A multilevel multitrait-multimethod analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences)
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - August 18, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Maas, Cora J. M.; Lensvelt-Mulders, Gerty J. L. M.; Hox, Joop J. Source Type: journals

The multitrait-multimethod matrix at 50!Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences)
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - August 18, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Eid, Michael; Nussbeck, Fridtjof W. Source Type: journals

Performance of Monte Carlo permutation and approximate tests for multivariate means comparisons with small sample sizes when parametric assumptions are violated.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Permutation testing has been suggested as an alternative to the standard F approximate tests used in multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). These approximate tests, such as Wilks’ Lambda and Pillai’s Trace, have been shown to perform poorly when assumptions of normally distributed dependent variables and homogeneity of group covariance matrices were violated. Because Monte Carlo permutation tests do not rely on distributional assumptions, they may be expected to work better than their approximate cousins when the data do not conform to the assumptions described above. The current simulation study compared the perf...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - June 6, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Finch, W. Holmes; Davenport, Teresa Source Type: journals

Using signal detection theory indexes for the experimental manipulation of emotional states.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Classic studies regarding emotional processing, either in normal subjects or in pathological groups, rely on the basic assumption of a linear correspondence between stimuli input and perceived emotional information. This neglects the evidence that different experimental groups may perceive the same stimuli features differently. Thus, when emotional input is to act as an independent variable, it becomes fundamental to assure equivalent emotional loading in all groups under comparison, even if using different stimuli. This is not a commonly used procedure when studying emotion or its influence on other cognitive processes. I...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - June 6, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Marques-Teixeira, João; Barbosa, Fernando; Almeida, Pedro R. Source Type: journals

Testing the significance of difference in average rates of change in controlled longitudinal studies with high dropout rates.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article concerns methodology for testing the significance of differences in mean rates of change in controlled repeated measurements designs with limited sample sizes, autoregressive error structures, nonlinear patterns of underlying true mean change, dropout rates exceeding 50%, plus other missing data. Each of these is problematic for ordinary repeated measures analysis of variance, and a complex generalized linear mixed model formulation popularly advocated for the ability to deal with autoregressive error structures and missing data is shown to perform poorly in such circumstances. Monte Carlo simulation methods c...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - June 6, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Overall, John E.; Tonidandel, Scott; Schmitz, Joy M. Source Type: journals

Latent class models for marketing strategies: An application to the Italian pharmaceutical market.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this paper, an extension of the latent class (LC) approach is applied to analyse the Italian pharmaceutical market. This sector is characterised by a high level of competitiveness, more limited budgets than years ago and, at the same time, expensive sales and promotional activities; in this context, it is very important to understand which factors influence doctors in prescribing medicines, so as to design appropriate marketing strategies. A special adaptation of the multilevel LC model is estimated to identify market segments, that is, groups of doctors similar in their attitude towards the work of pharmaceutical repre...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - June 6, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bassi, Francesca Source Type: journals

Hypothesis probability or statistical significance?: Inference for the mean in a normal distribution.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
After almost a century of debate among renowned statisticians, 21st century traditional Statistical Inference is marked by controversy over the application of the procedures for hypothesis estimation and contrast. The aim of this paper is twofold: First, to present various debatable issues that arise when the mean in a Normal distribution of known precision is contrasted and second, to argue the suitability of Bayesian philosophy for the analysis of research data. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences)
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - February 23, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: De la Fuente, Emilia I.; Cañadas, Gustavo R.; Guàrdia, Joan; Lozano, Luis M. Source Type: journals

Dimensionality reduction in data mining using artificial neural networks.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) and the two ANN procedures are studied and compared searching for uniqueness in an applied context relative to personality variables and drug consumption. A sample of 7,030 adolescents completed a personality test made up of 20 dichotomous items with a hypothesized four-factor latent model. Results point out that both ANN factor solutions converge to those obtained using CATPCA. Nevertheless, possible drawbacks of the ANN techniques lie in their relatively complex application, as well as in the need to use visual graphic analysis as a support for interpreting...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - February 23, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jiménez, Rafael; Gervilla, Elena; Sesé, Albert; Montaño, Juan José; Cajal, Berta; Palmer, Alfonso Source Type: journals

Efficacy of effect size measures in logistic regression: An application for detecting DIF.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Statistical techniques based on logistic regression (LR) are adequate for the detection of differential item functioning (DIF) in dichotomous items. Nevertheless, they return more false positives (FPs) than do other DIF detection techniques. This paper compares the efficacy of DIF detection using the LR significance test and the estimation of the effect size that these procedures provide using R² of Nagelkerke. The variables manipulated were different conditions of sample size, focal and reference group sample size ratio, amount of DIF, test length and percentage of test items with DIF. In addition, examinee responses wer...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - February 23, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gómez-Benito, Juana; Hidalgo, M. Dolores; Padilla, José-Luis Source Type: journals

Item selection rules in computerized adaptive testing: Accuracy and security.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The item selection rule (ISR) most commonly used in computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is to select the item with maximum Fisher information for the current trait estimation (PFI). Several alternative ISRs have been proposed. Among them, Fisher information considered in an interval (FI*I), Fisher information weighted with the likelihood function (FI*L), Kullback-Leibler information considered in an interval (KL*I) and Kullback-Leibler weighted with the likelihood function (KL*L) have shown a greater precision of trait estimation at the early stages of CAT. A new ISR is proposed, Fisher information by interval with geometr...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - February 23, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Barrada, Juan Ramón; Olea, Julio; Ponsoda, Vicente; Abad, Francisco José Source Type: journals

Reversion toward the mean independently of regression toward the mean.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There is another important artifactual contributor to the apparent improvement of persons subjected to an experimental intervention which may be mistaken for regression toward the mean. This is the phenomenon of random error and extreme selection, which does not at all involve the population regression of posttest on pretest scores but involves a quite different and independent reversion of subjects' scores toward the population mean. These two independent threats to the internal validity of intervention evaluation studies, however, can be detected and differentiated on the sample data of such studies. (PsycINFO Database R...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - February 23, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Krause, Merton S. Source Type: journals

Methodology—The first four years.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Discusses the change in editorship of the journal Methodology. Since its inception, Methodology, the official organ of the European Association of Methodology, has been an online journal with a strong European vocation and dedication ‘‘to promote research and the development of empirical research methods in the fields of behavioral, social, educational, health and economic sciences, as well as in the field of evaluation research." Methodology publishes the original contributions of researchers from all over the world in the form of research articles, software information, and instructional papers. (PsycINFO Database Re...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - February 23, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ato, Manuel; Hox, Joop Source Type: journals

Model error in covariance structure models: Some implications for power and type I error.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the degree to which violation of the parameter drift assumption affects the Type I error rate for the test of close fit and the power analysis procedures proposed by MacCallum et al. (1996) for both the test of close fit and the test of exact fit. The parameter drift assumption states that as sample size increases both sampling error and model error (i.e., the degree to which the model is an approximation in the population) decrease. Model error was introduced using a procedure proposed by Cudeck and Browne (1992). The empirical power for both the test of close fit, in which the null hypothesis spec...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - November 17, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Coffman, Donna L. Source Type: journals

Overcoming the inverse probability fallacy: A comparison of two teaching interventions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Many common misinterpretations of Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) are related to the inverse probability fallacy. The inverse probability fallacy is the mistaken belief that the probability of the data given the null hypothesis, P(D?-sub-0), is equivalent to the probability of the null hypothesis given the data, P(H-sub-0?). We contrasted the effectiveness of two teaching interventions aimed at reducing this fallacy: Instruction in Bayes' theorem (group B) and instruction in the formal logic of NHST (Modus Tollens, group MT). Both interventions were remarkably effective in reducing fallacy. At pre-test, 82% of ...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - November 17, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kalinowski, Pawel; Fidler, Fiona; Cumming, Geoff Source Type: journals

Recovering transitions from repeated cross-sectional samples.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper proposes a dynamic Markov model for the estimation of binary state-to-state transition probabilities from a sequence of independent cross-sectional samples. It discusses parameter estimation and inference using maximum likelihood (ML) methodology. The model is illustrated by the application of a three-wave panel study on pupils? interest in learning physics. These data encompass more information than what is used to estimate the model, but this surplus information allows us to assess the accuracy and the precision of the transition estimates. Bootstrap and Bayesian simulations are used to evaluate the accuracy a...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - November 17, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Eisinga, Rob Source Type: journals

Translocation relative to range: A standardized index for effect intensity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A standardized index for effect intensity, the translocation relative to range (TRR), is discussed. TRR is defined as the difference between the expectations of an outcome under two conditions (the absolute increment) divided by the maximum possible amount for that difference. TRR measures the shift caused by a factor relative to the maximum possible magnitude of that shift. For binary outcomes, TRR simply equals the risk difference, also known as the inverse number needed to treat. TRR ranges from -1 to 1 but is--unlike a correlation coefficient--a measure for effect intensity, because it does not rely on variance paramet...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - October 16, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Höfler, Michael Source Type: journals

Modeling human dynamics by means of cointegration methodology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cointegration approach, developed by Engle and Granger (1987), allows treating nonstationary (i.e., integrated) time series as a multivariate system if their linear combination is stationary. Various psychological processes are often integrated but interconnected. Thus, cointegration methodology offers flexible techniques for modeling human dynamics. This paper introduces cointegration methodology to psychological researchers. After a brief introduction to time-series analysis, we summarize cointegration techniques and describe the so-called cointegration vector ß and adjustment coefficient a, the main parameters of c...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - October 16, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Stroe-Kunold, Esther; Werner, Joachim Source Type: journals

Nonlinear change models in populations with unobserved heterogeneity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
When unobserved heterogeneity exists in populations where the phenomenon of interest is governed by a functional form of change linear in its parameters, the growth mixture model (GMM) is useful for modeling change conditional on latent class. However, when the functional form of interest is nonlinear in its parameters, the GMM is not very useful because it is based on a system of equations linear in its parameters. The nonlinear change mixture model (NCMM) is proposed, which explicitly addresses unobserved heterogeneity in situations where change follows a nonlinear functional form. Due to the integration of nonlinear mul...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - October 16, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kelley, Ken Source Type: journals

Application of latent class analysis to the investigation of customer loyalty in service companies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Loyalty as a strategic goal presents important returns for the organization. The existence of a base of loyal customers shields the company against actions from competitors, thus, ensuring medium- and long-term survival. Unfortunately, detection of truly loyal customers is not an easy task. Current research has clearly shown that the so-called "direct" or "behavioral" measurements (Berné, 1997; Jacoby & Chesnut, 1978) are not sufficient for this purpose, given that they can lead to identifying as loyalty patterns of repetitive purchasing that do not imply a real commitment to the service providers. It has also been shown ...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - October 16, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Varela Mallou, Jesús; Rial Boubeta, Antonio; Braña Tobío, Teresa; Voces López, Carmen Source Type: journals

Sensitivity analysis applied to artificial neural networks for forecasting time series.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper presents a novel procedure known as sensitivity analysis applied to a multilayer perceptron (MLP), which allows the most relevant lagged terms in time series forecasting to be identified. Second, this paper conducts a comparison of forecasting accuracy between the neural network model resulting from applying the sensitivity analysis to the network model derived from the traditional procedure and the classic ARIMA model--using the time series corresponding to the number of passengers in transit through the Balearic Islands. Our findings demonstrate that a neural network derived from sensitivity analysis provides ...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - July 9, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Palmer, A.; Montaño, J. J.; Franconetti, F. J. Source Type: journals

Effect of the number of response categories on the reliability and validity of rating scales.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Likert-type format is one of the most widely used in all types of scales in the field of social sciences. Nevertheless, there is no definitive agreement on the number of response categories that optimizes the psychometric properties of the scales. The aim of the present work is to determine in a systematic fashion the number of response alternatives that maximizes the fundamental psychometric properties of a scale: reliability and validity. The study is carried out with data simulated using the Monte Carlo method. We simulate responses to 30 items with correlations between them ranging from 0.2 to 0.9. We also manipula...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - July 9, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lozano, Luis M.; García-Cueto, Eduardo; Muñiz, José Source Type: journals

The influence of misspecification of the heteroscedasticity on multilevel regression parameter and standard error estimates.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Like in ordinary regression models, in multilevel analysis, homoscedasticity of the residual variances is an assumption that is mostly unchecked. However, in experimental research, the residual variance component at level two may differ in the experimental and the control condition, leading to heteroscedastic second level variances. Using a simulation study, the consequences of ignoring second level heteroscedasticity on the estimation of the fixed and random parameters and their standard errors was investigated. It was found that the standard error of the second level variance is underestimated, but that the estimated fix...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - July 9, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Korendijk, Elly J. H.; Maas, Cora J. M.; Moerbeek, Mirjam; Van der Heijden, Peter G. M. Source Type: journals

Multicollinearity and missing constraints: A comparison of three approaches for the analysis of latent nonlinear effects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Multicollinearity complicates the simultaneous estimation of interaction and quadratic effects in structural equation modeling (SEM). So far, approaches developed within the Kenny-Judd (1984) tradition have failed to specify additional and necessary constraints on the measurement error covariances of the nonlinear indicators. Given that the constraints comprise, in part, latent linear predictor correlations, multicollinearity poses a problem for such approaches. Klein and Moosbrugger's (2000) latent moderated structural equations (LMS) approach does not utilize nonlinear indicators and should therefore not be affected by t...
Source: Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences - July 9, 2008 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kelava, Augustin; Moosbrugger, Helfried; Dimitruk, Polina; Schermelleh-Engel, Karin Source Type: journals