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Comparative resistance of food proteins to adult and infant in vitro digestion modelsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
IgE-mediated allergy to milk and egg is widespread in industrialised countries and mainly affects infants and young children. It may be connected to an incomplete digestion of dietary proteins causing an inappropriate immune response in the gut. In order to study this, a biochemical model of infant gastroduodenal digestion has been developed, which has reduced levels of protease (eightfold for pepsin and tenfold for trypsin and chymotrypsin), phosphatidylcholine and bile salts, compared with the adult model. This model has been used to study the behaviour of three characterised food-relevant proteins (bovine [beta]-lactogl...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 20, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Didier Dupont, Giuseppina Mandalari, Daniel Molle, Julien Jardin, Joëlle Léonil, Richard M. Faulks, Martin S. J. Wickham, E. N. Clare Mills, Alan R. Mackie Source Type: journals

Dietary flaxseed lignan or oil combined with tamoxifen treatment affects MCF-7 tumor growth through estrogen receptor- and growth factor-signaling pathwaysEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aimed to elucidate which component of flaxseed, i.e. secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) lignan or flaxseed oil (FO), makes tamoxifen (TAM) more effective in reducing growth of established estrogen receptor positive breast tumors (MCF-7) at low circulating estrogen levels, and potential mechanisms of action. In a 2×2 factorial design, ovariectomized athymic mice with established tumors were treated for 8 wk with TAM together with basal diet (control), or basal diet supplemented with SDG (1 g/kg diet), FO (38.5 g/kg diet), or combined SDG and FO. SDG and FO were at levels in 10% flaxseed diet. Palpable tumors...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 10, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jasdeep Kaur Saggar, Jianmin Chen, Paul Corey, Lilian U. Thompson Source Type: journals

Garlic components inhibit angiotensin II-induced cell-cycle progression and migration: Involvement of cell-cycle inhibitor p27Kip1 and mitogen-activated protein kinaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the mechanisms of the in vitro effect of organosulphur compounds derived from garlic on growth and migration of cultured aortic smooth muscle cells isolated from spontaneously hypertensive rats were investigated. We demonstrated that allyl methyl sulphide (AMS) and diallyl sulphide (DAS) inhibited aortic smooth muscle cell angiotensin II-stimulated cell-cycle progression and migration. Neither cell viability nor annexin-V-binding analysis revealed cytotoxic effects of both organosulphur compounds at the used concentrations. Instead, their inhibitory effects were associated to the prevention of the cell-cycle...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 10, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Claudia Castro, Andrea Gil Lorenzo, Adriana González, Montserrat Cruzado Source Type: journals

Effect of sulforaphane on glutathione-adduct formation and on glutathione_S_transferase-dependent detoxification of acrylamide in Caco-2 cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The toxicity of dietary acrylamide (AA) depends on its biotransformation pathways, in which phase I cytochrome P-450 enzymes transform AA into glycidamide. The phase II enzyme glutathione_S_transferase (GST) catalyses the conjugation of AA with glutathione (GSH). GST induction by phytochemicals like sulforaphane (SFN) plays a role in chemoprevention. Here, the effect of SFN on the detoxification of AA through GSH conjugation was studied in Caco-2 cells. GSH adducts with AA and SFN were synthesized, identified by NMR and quantified by LC-MS/MS. Caco-2 cells were treated with either 2.5 mM AA, 10 [mu]M SFN or the combination...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 10, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Rita Pernice, Johanna Hauder, Peter Koehler, Paola Vitaglione, Vincenzo Fogliano, Veronika Somoza Source Type: journals

Effects of mushroom-derived [beta]-glucan-rich polysaccharide extracts on nitric oxide production by bone marrow-derived macrophages and nuclear factor-[kappa]B transactivation in Caco-2 reporter cells: Can effects be explained by structure?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, extracts from A. bisporus activate BMM, without activating enterocytes. These characteristics make A. bisporus an attractive candidate as a nutritional compound to stimulate the immune response in depressed states of immunity. (Source: Molecular Nutrition)
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 2, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Julia J. Volman, Johannes P. F. G. Helsper, Song Wei, Johan J. P. Baars, Leo J. L. D. van Griensven, Anton S. M. Sonnenberg, Ronald P. Mensink, Jogchum Plat Source Type: journals

Cysteine proteinase inhibitor Act d 4 is a functional allergen contributing to the clinical symptoms of kiwifruit allergyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Kiwifruit has become a frequent cause of fruit allergy in the recent years. The molecular basis of type I hypersensitivity to kiwifruit is attributed to 11 IUIS allergens, with Act d 1, Act d 2 and Act d 5 characterized in extenso. Evaluation of the allergenic properties of Act d 4, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor from green kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) was performed in this study. Identity of the purified glycoprotein was determined by Edman degradation and by mass fingerprint whereby more than 90% of the primary structure of the mature kiwifruit cystatin was confirmed. Using MALDI TOF analysis, molecular masses of 109...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 2, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Milica M. Popovic, Mina Milovanovic, Lidija Burazer, Olga Vuckovic, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Andre C. Knulst, Buko Lindner, Arnd Petersen, Ratko Jankov, Marija Gavrovic-Jankulovic Source Type: journals

Anti-glycative and anti-inflammatory effects of caffeic acid and ellagic acid in kidney of diabetic miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Protective effects of caffeic acid (CA) and ellagic acid (EA) in kidney of diabetic mice were examined. CA or EA at 2.5 and 5% was mixed in diet and supplied to diabetic mice for 12 wk. Results showed that the intake of CA or EA increased renal content of these compounds, alleviated body weight loss, decreased urine output, increased plasma insulin and decreased blood glucose levels at weeks 6 and 12 (p (Source: Molecular Nutrition)
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 2, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Che-yi Chao, Mei-chin Mong, Kung-chi Chan, Mei-chin Yin Source Type: journals

Blueberry fruit polyphenolics suppress oxidative stress-induced skeletal muscle cell damage in vitroEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Skeletal muscle damage can result from disease and unaccustomed or excessive exercise. Muscle dysfunction occurs via an increased level of reactive oxygen species and hence there is potential in antioxidants as amelioration strategies. We explored the putative benefit of fruit polyphenolic extracts in reducing the susceptibility of skeletal muscle cells to oxidative stress. Muscle myotubes were simultaneously challenged with fruit extracts (1-50 [mu]g/mL) and calcium ionophore (A23187), hydrogen peroxide, or 2,4-dinitrophenol and damage monitored by release of cytosolic enzymes. A blueberry fruit extract displayed a potent...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 2, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Roger D. Hurst, Robyn W. Wells, Suzanne M. Hurst, Tony K. McGhie, Janine M. Cooney, Dwayne J. Jensen Source Type: journals

The cytotoxic effect of Bowman-Birk isoinhibitors, IBB1 and IBBD2, from soybean (Glycine max) on HT29 human colorectal cancer cells is related to their intrinsic ability to inhibit serine proteasesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBI) from soybean and related proteins are naturally occurring protease inhibitors with potential health-promoting properties within the gastrointestinal tract. In this work, we have investigated the effects of soybean BBI proteins on HT29 colon adenocarcinoma cells, compared with non-malignant colonic fibroblast CCD-18Co cells. Two major soybean isoinhibitors, IBB1 and IBBD2, showing considerable amino acid sequence divergence within their inhibitory domains, were purified in order to examine their functional properties, including their individual effects on the proliferation of HT29 colon cancer c...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 2, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Alfonso Clemente, Francisco Javier Moreno, Maria del Carmen Marín-Manzano, Elisabeth Jiménez, Claire Domoney Source Type: journals

Occurrence of urolithins, gut microbiota ellagic acid metabolites and proliferation markers expression response in the human prostate gland upon consumption of walnuts and pomegranate juiceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Epidemiology supports the important role of nutrition in prostate cancer (PCa) prevention. Pomegranate juice (PJ) exerts protective effects against PCa, mainly attributed to PJ ellagitannins (ETs). Our aim was to assess whether ETs or their metabolites ellagic acid and urolithins reach the human prostate upon consumption of ET-rich foods and to evaluate the effect on the expression of three proliferation biomarkers. Sixty-three patients with BPH or PCa were divided into controls and consumers of walnuts (35 g walnuts/day) or pomegranate (200 mL PJ/day) for 3 days before surgery. Independently of the ETs source, the main me...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - November 2, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Antonio González-Sarrías, Juan A. Giménez-Bastida, María T. García-Conesa, María B. Gómez-Sánchez, Noelia V. García-Talavera, Angel Gil-Izquierdo, Carmen Sánchez-Álvarez, Luis O. Fontana-Compiano, Juan P. Morga-Egea, Francisco A. Pastor-Quirant Source Type: journals

Investigation of acrylamide formation on bakery products using a crust-like modelEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the change of temperature in different locations of the sample was shown as influenced by the product thickness. The temperature values were close to each other in the sample having thickness of 1 mm (crust model). The product temperature rapidly increased to the oven temperature. A temperature gradient was recorded in the sample having a thickness of 10 mm. As a result, the product temperature did not exceed 100°C within a baking time of 30 min. The product thickness significantly influenced the rate of acrylamide formation during baking. Acrylamide concentration rapidly increased to 411±49 ng/g within 8 ...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 28, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Özge Ç. Açar, Vural Gökmen Source Type: journals

Peanut varieties with reduced Ara h 1 content indicating no reduced allergenicityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Peanut allergy is a major cause of food-induced severe anaphylactic reactions. To date, no medical care is available to prevent and treat peanut allergy and therefore hypoallergenic peanut varieties are of considerable health political and economic interest. Major allergens that induce IgE-responses in peanut-sensitive patients are Ara h 1, Ara h 2 and Ara h 3/4. In order to identify hypoallergenic peanuts, commercially locally available peanut varieties were screened for their allergen content. Ara h 1-deficient peanuts from Southeast Asia were identified by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, inhibition assays and ELISA. 2-D PAGE ...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 28, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Susanne Krause, Ties Latendorf, Hendrik Schmidt, Yasemin Darcan-Nicolaisen, Gerald Reese, Arnd Petersen, Ottmar Janssen, Wolf-Meinhard Becker Source Type: journals

Repeated oral administration modulates the pharmacokinetic behavior of the chemopreventive agent phenethyl isothiocyanate in ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The principal objective of this study was to evaluate whether repeated oral administration influences the pharmacokinetic behavior of the chemopreventive agent phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) in rat. Animals were treated orally with 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg of the isothiocyanate for 4 days, and plasma levels at various times post-administration were determined by LC/MS after the first and last day. To determine absolute bioavailability, a group of animals was treated with a single (0.5 mg/kg) intravenous dose of PEITC. Following single oral dose administration, PEITC was rapidly absorbed, peak plasma concentrations being at...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 28, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Nattaya Konsue, Jo Kirkpatrick, Nikolai Kuhnert, Laurie J. King, Costas Ioannides Source Type: journals

Vitamin E tocotrienols improve insulin sensitivity through activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we present data that tocotrienols within palm oil functioned as PPAR modulators. Specifically, both [alpha]- and [gamma]-tocotrienol activated PPAR[alpha], while [delta]-tocotrienol activated PPAR[alpha], PPAR[gamma], and PPAR[delta] in reporter-based assays. Tocotrienols enhanced the interaction between the purified ligand-binding domain of PPAR[alpha] with the receptor-interacting motif of coactivator PPAR[gamma] coactivator-1[alpha]. In addition, the tocotrienol-rich fraction of palm oil improved whole body glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity of diabetic Db/Db mice by selectively regulating PPAR t...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 28, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Fang Fang, Zhanfang Kang, Chiwai Wong Source Type: journals

Dietary apple polyphenols have preventive effects against lengthening contraction-induced muscle injuriesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined whether polyphenols from dietary apple have protective effects against exercise-induced muscle strain injury. Sixteen male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into the apple polyphenol (APP; N=8) and control (CON; N=8) groups. The APP and the CON groups were fed diets with and without 5% APP, respectively. After a 3-wk feeding period, the gastrocnemii of the animals were subject to lengthening contractions with electrical stimulation and forced ankle dorsiflexion. Isometric torques were measured before and after the lengthening contractions and on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 after the contractions. On day 7, the anim...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 28, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Koichi Nakazato, Eisuke Ochi, Toshiaki Waga Source Type: journals

Impact of various food ingredients on the retention of furan in foodsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Since furan is classified as "possibly carcinogenic to humans," many studies investigated furan concentrations in foods. However, no data are available on the impact of food ingredients on the retention or release of furan from food. These data are important, since they explain the differences in furan removal during domestic food preparation. Furan retention was studied by spiking various samples with D4-furan and comparing D4-furan evaporation from these samples with comparable aqueous solutions. In addition, furan concentrations were determined. Furan retention caused by starch gels was negligible. Oils caused high fura...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 27, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Fien Van Lancker, An Adams, Agnieszka Owczarek, Bruno De Meulenaer, Norbert De Kimpe Source Type: journals

3,3[prime]-Dihydroxyisorenieratene prevents UV-induced formation of reactive oxygen species and the release of protein-bound zinc ions in human skin fibroblastsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
3,3[prime]-Dihydroxyisorenieratene (DHIR) is a structurally unusual carotenoid exhibiting bifunctional antioxidant properties. It is synthesized by Brevibacterium linens, used in dairy industry for the production of red smear cheeses. The compound protects cellular structures against photo-oxidative damage and inhibits the UV-dependent formation of thymidine dimers. Here we show that DHIR prevents a UV-induced intracellular release of zinc ions from proteins in human dermal fibroblasts. The effect is correlated with a decreased formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. In contrast, zinc release from cellular prot...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 27, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kaya Lutter, Silke De Spirt, Sebastian Kock, Klaus-Dietrich Kröncke, Hans-Dieter Martin, Tanja Wagener, Wilhelm Stahl Source Type: journals

Oral administration of resveratrol in suppression of pulmonary metastasis of BALB/c mice challenged with CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Anti-cancer activities of resveratrol (3,4[prime],5-trihydroxylstilbene) have attracted extensive research attention. Suppression of pulmonary metastasis of BALB/c mice challenged with CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells achieved by oral administration of resveratrol was assessed in three separate experiments. Each mouse was challenged by tail vein injection with CT26 cells. Prior to challenge, 8-wk-old mice were fed with a basal diet and orally administered with resveratrol (30 mg/kg/2 days) eight or twelve times. After challenge, oral administration of resveratrol was continued until mice were sacrificed on day 20. As i...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 27, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ya-Ling Weng, Hui-Fen Liao, Anna Fen-Yau Li, Ju-Chun Chang, Robin Y.-Y. Chiou Source Type: journals

Role of dietary patterns for dioxin and PCB exposureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dietary patterns were related to intake and blood concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDFs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) and selected non-dioxin-like-PCBs (ndl-PCBs). Intake calculations were based on an extensive food frequency questionnaire and a congener-specific database on concentrations in Norwegian foods. The study (2003) applied a two-step inclusion strategy recruiting representative (n=73) and high consumers (n=111) of seafood and game. Estimated median intakes of sum PCDD/PCDFs and dl-PCBs of the representative and high consumers were 0.78 and 1.25 pg t...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 18, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Helen E. Kvalem, Helle K. Knutsen, Cathrine Thomsen, Margaretha Haugen, Hein Stigum, Anne Lise Brantsæter, May Frøshaug, Nina Lohmann, Olaf Päpke, Georg Becher, Jan Alexander, Helle M. Meltzer Source Type: journals

Anticancer actions of natural and synthetic vitamin E forms: RRR-[alpha]-tocopherol blocks the anticancer actions of [gamma]-tocopherolEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two naturally occurring dietary sources of vitamin E (i.e. RRR-[alpha]-tocopherol ([alpha]T) and RRR-[gamma]-tocopherol ([gamma]T)), the manufactured synthetic form of vitamin E, all-racemic-[alpha]-tocopherol (all-rac-[alpha]T), as well as a potent antitumor analog of vitamin E, RRR-[alpha]-tocopherol ether-linked acetic acid analog ([alpha]-TEA), were assessed for anticancer actions. Data showed that [gamma]T, all-rac-[alpha]T, and [alpha]-TEA but not [alpha]T or [alpha]T+[gamma]T significantly inhibited tumor burden of human MDA-MB-231 cells in nude mice. Immunohistochemical analyses of tumor tissue showed that all-rac-...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 18, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Weiping Yu, Li Jia, Sook-Kyung Park, Jing Li, Archana Gopalan, Marla Simmons-Menchaca, Bob G. Sanders, Kimberly Kline Source Type: journals

Anti-obese property of fucoxanthin is partly mediated by altering lipid-regulating enzymes and uncoupling proteins of visceral adipose tissue in miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of fucoxanthin in diet-induced obesity mice fed a high-fat diet (20% fat, wt/wt). The mice were supplemented with two doses of fucoxanthin (0.05 and 0.2%, wt/wt) for 6 wk. Fucoxanthin significantly lowered body weight and visceral fat-pads weights compared with the control group without altering food intake. In epididymal adipose tissue of fucoxanthin-fed mice, adipocyte sizes and mRNA expression of lipogenic and fatty acid [beta]-oxidation enzymes were significantly altered in a dose-dependent manner. Plasma leptin level was significantly lower in the fucoxanthin groups tha...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 18, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Myoung-Nam Woo, Seon-Min Jeon, Young Chul Shin, Mi-Kyung Lee, Mi Ae Kang, Myung-Sook Choi Source Type: journals

Effect of L-asparaginase on acrylamide mitigation in a fried-dough pastry modelEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A dough resembling traditional Spanish rosquillas was used as a model to represent classical fried-dough pastry to investigate the effects of asparaginase and heat treatment on amino acid levels and acrylamide mitigation. Wheat-based dough was deep fried at 180 and 200°C for 4, 6, and 8 min. Two recipes were formulated by addition of different asparaginase levels (100 and 500 U/kg flour) to the dough. The temperature/time profile of the frying process, moisture, sugars, amino acids, acrylamide, and some indicators of the Maillard reaction (hydroxymethylfurfural, color, free fluorescence compounds, and browning) were deter...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 11, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kristína Kukurová, Francisco J. Morales, Alena Bednáriková, Zuzana Ciesarová Source Type: journals

Fatty acids and lignans in unground whole flaxseed and sesame seed are bioavailable but have minimal antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects in postmenopausal womenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fatty acids and lignans in ground flaxseed and sesame seed are absorbed, metabolized, and exert some health benefits in vivo. However, it is unclear if they are absorbed, metabolized, and exert health benefits when consumed as unground whole seed; therefore, it was investigated in this study. In a randomized crossover study, 16 postmenopausal women supplemented their diets with food bars containing either 25 g unground flaxseed, sesame seed, or their combination (12.5 g each) (flaxseed+sesame seed bar, FSB) for 4 wk each, separated by 4 wk washout periods. Total serum n-3 fatty acids increased with flaxseed (p (Source: Molecular Nutrition)
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 11, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Karen D. Coulman, Zhen Liu, John Michaelides, Winston Quan Hum, Lilian U. Thompson Source Type: journals

Electrospray MS-based characterization of [beta]-carbolines - mutagenic constituents of thermally processed meatEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we have investigated the formation of these ions by accurate-mass electrospray MS/MS and demonstrated that these ions are formed from gas-phase ion-molecule reactions between water vapor present in the collision cell and the protonated molecule of 1-methyl-9H-pyrido [3,4-b]indole and 9H-pyrido[3,4b]indole. Although this reaction has been previously described for heterocyclic amine ions, it has been overlooked in the most of recent LC-MS and LC-MS/MS studies, and no complete data of the fragmentation are reported. Our results demonstrate that additional attention should be given with respect to eliminating wa...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 11, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Antônio Eduardo Miller Crotti, Paul J. Gates, João Luis Callegari Lopes, Norberto Peporine Lopes Source Type: journals

Individual and combined action of pancreatic lipase and pancreatic lipase-related proteins 1 and 2 on native versus homogenized milk fat globulesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pancreatic lipase (PL) and pancreatic lipase-related proteins 1 and 2 (PLRP1 and PLRP2) display different functional properties, despite close structures. The aim of the study was to compare the kinetic properties of recombinant human PLRP1, PLRP2, and PL on a physiological substrate: the milk fat under native and homogenized structures. No lipolytic activity is measured for PLRP1. PLRP2 hydrolyses milk fat with a lower catalytic efficiency than that of PL. PLRP2 activity, higher on homogenized than on native milk fat, is differently influenced by fatty acids (FA) and colipase depending on a proteolytic cleavage in the lid...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 11, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Amélie Berton, Corinne Sebban-Kreuzer, Stéphanie Rouvellac, Christelle Lopez, Isabelle Crenon Source Type: journals

Naringin inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and AKT phosphorylation in tumor necrosis factor-[alpha]-induced vascular smooth muscle cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Citrus fruits are high in naringin, which has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular diseases. However, the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) regulation involved in cell migration and invasion remains to be identified. Naringin inhibited tumor necrosis factor-[alpha] (TNF-[alpha])-induced expression of MMP-9, under 10-25 [mu]M concentration conditions in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The TNF-[alpha]-induced invasion and migration of VSMC were inhibited by naringin. Furthermore, naringin suppressed TNF-[alpha]-mediated release of interleukin-6 and -8 (IL-6 and IL-8). However, naringin (10-25 [mu]M) treatment of VSMC ...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 5, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Eo-Jin Lee, Dong-Il Kim, Wun-Jae Kim, Sung-Kwon Moon Source Type: journals

Influence of thermal processing on IgE reactivity to lentil and chickpea proteinsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the last years, legume proteins are gaining importance as food ingredients because of their nutraceutical properties. However, legumes are also considered relevant in the development of food allergies through ingestion. Peanuts and soybeans are important food allergens in Western countries, while lentil and chickpea allergy are more relevant in the Mediterranean area. Information about the effects of thermal-processing procedures at various temperatures and conditions is scarce; therefore, the effect of these procedures on legume allergenic properties is not defined so far. The SDS-PAGE and IgE-immunoblotting patterns o...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 5, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Carmen Cuadrado, Beatriz Cabanillas, Mercedes M. Pedrosa, Alejandro Varela, Eva Guillamón, Mercedes Muzquiz, Jesús F. Crespo, Julia Rodriguez, Carmen Burbano Source Type: journals

Hollow fibre-supported liquid membrane extraction and LC-MS/MS detection for the analysis of heterocyclic amines in urine samplesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, a method for the analysis of HCAs in human urine has been studied to detect HCAs and metabolites at levels resulting from consumption of food cooked at ordinary conditions. The analytical method consisted of extraction and clean-up by the novel technique liquid-phase microextraction combined with LC-MS/MS. The effect of pH during the extraction and hydrolysis step was examined. High sensitivity was achieved when the extraction was performed in raw urine adjusted to pH 5.5, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine being detected from 2 pg/g urine, levels comparable with a normal exposure. Good reproduc...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 5, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Rosa Busquets, Jan Åke Jönsson, Henrik Frandsen, Lluís Puignou, Maria Teresa Galceran, Kerstin Skog Source Type: journals

Four selenoproteins, protein biosynthesis, and Wnt signalling are particularly sensitive to limited selenium intake in mouse colonEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Selenium is an essential micronutrient. Its recommended daily allowance is not attained by a significant proportion of the population in many countries and its intake has been suggested to affect colorectal carcinogenesis. Therefore, microarrays were used to determine how both selenoprotein and global gene expression patterns in the mouse colon were affected by marginal selenium deficiency comparable to variations in human dietary intakes. Two groups of 12 mice each were fed a selenium-deficient (0.086 mg Se/kg) or a selenium-adequate (0.15 mg Se/kg) diet. After 6 wk, plasma selenium level, liver, and colon glutathione per...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 5, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Anna Kipp, Antje Banning, Evert M. van Schothorst, Catherine Méplan, Lutz Schomburg, Chris Evelo, Susan Coort, Stan Gaj, Jaap Keijer, John Hesketh, Regina Brigelius-Flohé Source Type: journals

Variation in the human lipidome associated with coffee consumption as revealed by quantitative targeted metabolomicsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effect of coffee consumption on human health is still discussed controversially. Here, we report results from a metabolomics study of coffee consumption, where we measured 363 metabolites in blood serum of 284 male participants of the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg study population, aged between 55 and 79 years. A statistical analysis of the association of metabolite concentrations and the number of cups of coffee consumed per day showed that coffee intake is positively associated with two classes of sphingomyelins, one containing a hydroxy-group (SM(OH)) and the other having an additional carbox...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - October 5, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Elisabeth Altmaier, Gabi Kastenmüller, Werner Römisch-Margl, Barbara Thorand, Klaus M. Weinberger, Jerzy Adamski, Thomas Illig, Angela Döring, Karsten Suhre Source Type: journals

Syringetin, a flavonoid derivative in grape and wine, induces human osteoblast differentiation through bone morphogenetic protein-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathwayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, syringetin increased BMP-2 synthesis, and subsequently activated SMAD1/5/8 and ERK1/2, and this effect may contribute to its action on the induction of osteoblast maturation and differentiation, followed by an increase of bone mass. (Source: Molecular Nutrition)
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 24, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ya-Ling Hsu, Hsin-Lin Liang, Chih-Hsing Hung, Po-Lin Kuo Source Type: journals

The anti-diabetic effect of anthocyanins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through glucose transporter 4 regulation and prevention of insulin resistance and pancreatic apoptosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hyperglycemia, abnormal lipid and antioxidant profiles are the most usual complications in diabetes mellitus. Thus, in this study, we investigated the anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative effects of anthocyanins (ANT) from black soybean seed coats in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The administration of ANT markedly decreased glucose levels and improved heart hemodynamic function (left ventricular end diastolic pressure, ±dp/dt parameters). ANT not only enhanced STZ-mediated insulin level decreases, but also decreased the triglyceride levels induced by STZ injection in serum. Diabetic rats exhibited a lower expres...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 24, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Irina Tsoy Nizamutdinova, Yong Chun Jin, Jong Il Chung, Sung Chul Shin, Sung Joong Lee, Han Geuk Seo, Jae Heun Lee, Ki Churl Chang, Hye Jung Kim Source Type: journals

Absorption of anthocyanins through intestinal epithelial cells - Putative involvement of GLUT2Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, anthocyanins could be absorbed through Caco-2 cells, and can interfere with their own transport and also with glucose intestinal uptake. (Source: Molecular Nutrition)
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 24, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ana Faria, Diogo Pestana, Joana Azevedo, Fátima Martel, Victor de Freitas, Isabel Azevedo, Nuno Mateus, Conceição Calhau Source Type: journals

Effect of low-temperature long-time pre-treatment of wheat on acrylamide concentration in short dough biscuitsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In April 2002, unexpected high levels of the neurotoxic and suspected carcinogen acrylamide (AA) were found in many heated foods, mainly represented by cereal and potato derivatives. Since then, due to the great consumption of dietary sources of AA among people of different ages and in different countries, worldwide efforts have been carried out to reduce the formation of the toxic molecule in foods. In this paper, the effect of a low-temperature long-time pre-treatment of wheat grains on AA formation in biscuits was investigated. Wheat grains were subjected to heating at 100°C for 8 h and subsequently milled. The obtaine...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 24, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Monica Anese, Barbara Quarta, Martina Foschia, Renzo Bortolomeazzi Source Type: journals

Dietary fiber, low-molecular-weight food constituents and colo-rectal inflammation in animal models - A reviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This review provides an overview over studies in experimental animals aimed at elucidating the influence of dietary constituents on colo-rectal inflammation. Human studies as well as in vitro investigations will not be covered. In experimental animals, a variety of chemical treatments and genetic modifications, lead to various types of gut inflammation. In a number of these models, there is good evidence for an anti-inflammatory action of dietary tocopherols, certain polyphenols, and curcumin at relatively high oral doses. It has also been established, that oral application of fats and oils rich in n-3 PUFAs and/or conjuga...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 17, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Dieter Schrenk Source Type: journals

The Ussing type chamber model to study the intestinal transport and modulation of specific tight-junction genes using a colonic cell lineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Polyphenols in apples, such as various hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids, have positive health effects that strongly depend on their bioavailability. In order to show that the Ussing-type chamber is a useful model to study metabolism, transport, and tightness of cell monolayers in one experimental setup, monolayers of the T84 colon carcinoma cell line mounted in Ussing-type chambers were incubated in the presence of physiological concentrations of various hydroxycinnamic acids (including ferulic, isoferulic, cinnamic, and hydrocinnamic acids) and flavonoids for 4 h. Concentrations of each tested polyphenol in the apical...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 16, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Hannah Bergmann, Dorothee Rogoll, Wolfgang Scheppach, Ralph Melcher, Elke Richling Source Type: journals

Influence of apple polyphenols on inflammatory gene expressionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Apples (Malus spp., Rosaceae) and products thereof contain high amounts of polyphenols which show diverse biological activities and may contribute to beneficial health effects, like protecting the intestine against inflammation initiated by chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). IBD are characterized by an excessive release of several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines by different cell types which results consequently in an increased inflammatory response. In the present study we investigated the preventive effectiveness of polyphenolic juice extracts and single major constituents on inflammatory gene expression...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 16, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Mathias Jung, Sven Triebel, Timm Anke, Elke Richling, Gerhard Erkel Source Type: journals

The complex links between dietary phytochemicals and human health deciphered by metabolomicsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A large variety of phytochemicals commonly consumed with the human diet, influence health and may contribute to the prevention of diseases. However, it is still difficult to make nutritional recommendations for these bioactive compounds. Current studies of phytochemicals are generally focused on specific compounds and their effects on a limited number of markers. New approaches are needed to take into account both the diversity of phytochemicals found in the diet and the complexity of their biological effects. Recent progress in high-throughput analytical technologies and in bioinformatics now allows the simultaneous analy...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 16, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Claudine Manach, Jane Hubert, Rafael Llorach, Augustin Scalbert Source Type: journals

[beta]-Carotene and [beta]-cryptoxanthin but not lutein evoke redox and immune changes in RAW264 murine macrophagesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The mechanism of immunological benefits induced by carotenoids has not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated some of the immunity-related properties of [beta]-carotene and two other carotenoids, [beta]-cryptoxanthin, and lutein, on the murine macrophages cell line RAW264. [beta]-Carotene added to the culture medium accumulated in the cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The accumulation was positively correlated with cellular lipid peroxidation, demonstrating the pro-oxidative activity of [beta]-carotene, and also with the synthesis of glutathione, an intracellular antioxidant. Conversely, accumulation of [be...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 15, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sakurako Katsuura, Tomomi Imamura, Noriko Bando, Rintaro Yamanishi Source Type: journals

Assessment of heat treatment of dairy products by MALDI-TOF-MSEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The formation of the Amadori product from lactose (protein lactosylation) is a major parameter to evaluate the quality of processed milk. Here, MALDI-TOF-MS was used for the relative quantification of lactose-adducts in heated milk. Milk was heated at a temperature of 70, 80, and 100°C between 0 and 300 min, diluted, and subjected directly to MALDI-TOF-MS. The lactosylation rate of [alpha]-lactalbumin increased with increasing reaction temperature and time. The results correlated well with established markers for heat treatment of milk (concentration of total soluble protein, soluble [alpha]-lactalbumin and [beta]-lactogl...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 15, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jasmin Meltretter, Inès Birlouez-Aragon, Cord-Michael Becker, Monika Pischetsrieder Source Type: journals

Reproductive toxicity of phthalate estersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Phthalate esters are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that in general display low-toxicity. Overall, the reproductive effects of these compounds are well characterized in adult's animals, with gonadal injury observed after high dose exposure. However, results of recent transgeneration studies indicate that the reproductive system of developing animals is particularly vulnerable to certain phthalates. The phenotypic alterations observed in male offspring rats exposed during the perinatal period have remarkable similarities with common human reproductive disorders, including cryptorchidism, hypospadias and low-sperm cou...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 15, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Anderson Joel Martino-Andrade, Ibrahim Chahoud Source Type: journals

Metabolism and actions of conjugated linoleic acids on atherosclerosis-related events in vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are biologically highly active lipid compounds that have attracted great scientific interest due to their ability to cause either inhibition of atherosclerotic plaque development or even regression of pre-established atherosclerotic plaques in mice, hamsters and rabbits. The underlying mechanisms of action, however, are only poorly understood. Since cell culture experiments are appropriate to gain insight into the mechanisms of action of a compound, the present review summarizes data from cell culture studies about the metabolism and the actions of CLAs on atherosclerosis-related events in ...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 15, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Klaus Eder, Robert Ringseis Source Type: journals

Prevention of colon carcinogenesis by apple juice in vivo: Impact of juice constituents and obesityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is estimated that 75-85% of all chronic diseases are linked to lifestyle-related and environmental factors. The development of colon cancer is positively associated with obesity and inversely associated with the intake of dietary fibre, fruit and vegetable. Apple juice is the most widely consumed fruit beverage in Germany. It contains a specific spectrum of polyphenols and other components that may reduce the risk of colon cancer. Epidemiologic studies suggest an inverse correlation between apple consumption and colon cancer risk, although the mechanisms for these observations are not clear. The present review summarize...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 14, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Tatiana C. L. Koch, Karlis Briviba, Bernhard Watzl, Christine Fähndrich, Achim Bub, Gerhard Rechkemmer, Stephan W. Barth Source Type: journals

Intake of Maillard reaction products reduces iron bioavailability in male adolescentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effects of diets with different Maillard reaction products (MRPs) content on biological iron utilization were compared using in vitro/in vivo assays. Diets were rich (brown diet, BD) or poor (white diet) in MRP. In vitro studies included iron solubility after in vitro digestion of diets and iron transport across Caco-2 cells. In the human assay 18 healthy adolescent males (11-14 years) participated in a 2-wk randomized two-period crossover trial. Subjects collected urine and faeces on the last 3 days of each dietary period, and fasting blood samples were obtained after periods. In vitro dietary iron availability was si...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 13, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Marta Mesías García, Isabel Seiquer, Cristina Delgado-Andrade, Gabriel Galdó, Maria Pilar Navarro Source Type: journals

Oat [beta]-glucan increases postprandial cholecystokinin levels, decreases insulin response and extends subjective satiety in overweight subjectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study recorded acute biochemical and subjective measures of satiety, followed by energy intake from a subsequent meal, after varying doses of [beta]-glucan in extruded breakfast cereals. Molecular weight, solubility and viscosity of [beta]-glucan products were determined. Seven male and seven female subjects (BMI 25-36 kg/m) consumed five breakfasts (different doses of [beta]-glucan sourced from two different technological processes) and dietary intake was measured after four hours. Blood was collected to measure glucose, insulin, ghrelin and cholecystokinin, and visual analogue scales measured subjective satiety. Mol...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 13, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Eleanor J. Beck, Susan M. Tosh, Marijka J. Batterham, Linda C. Tapsell, Xu-Feng Huang Source Type: journals

Impact of apple polyphenols on GSTT2 gene expression, subsequent protection of DNA and modulation of proliferation using LT97 human colon adenoma cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Apple extract (AE) enhances expression of glutathione S-transferases (e.g., GSTT2) in human colon cells (LT97). Therefore, aim of the present study was to identify functional consequences of GSTT2 induction by AE and to determine the relation of AE effects to isolated compounds. Polyphenol composition of AE was analyzed. LT97 cells were treated with AE or synthetic polyphenol mixture (SPM) under conditions that induced GSTT2, and challenged with GSTT2-2 substrate cumene hydroperoxide (CumOOH) to determine DNA damage using comet assay. Modulation of GSTT2 expression (real-time PCR) was reassessed, and the influence on cell ...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 13, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Claudia Miene, Stefanie Klenow, Selvaraju Veeriah, Elke Richling, Michael Glei Source Type: journals

Formation of hydrogen peroxide in cell culture media by apple polyphenols and its effect on antioxidant biomarkers in the colon cell line HT-29Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, H2O2 generation in vitro by polyphenols has to be taken into consideration when interpreting results of such cell culture experiments. Unphysiologically high polyphenol concentrations, favoring substantial H2O2 formation, are not expected to be met in vivo, even under conditions of high end nutritional uptake. (Source: Molecular Nutrition)
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 13, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Phillip Bellion, Melanie Olk, Frank Will, Helmut Dietrich, Matthias Baum, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Christine Janzowski Source Type: journals

Identification of 3-hydroxy-[beta]-damascone and related carotenoid-derived aroma compounds as novel potent inducers of Nrf2-mediated phase 2 response with concomitant anti-inflammatory activityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Structural comparison of apple constituents with known inducers of phase two cytoprotective enzymes led to the identification of 3-hydroxy-[beta]-damascone and related carotenoid derived aroma compounds as potent inducers of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase (QR) activity. Damascone-related compounds were found to be more potent inducers than ionone derivatives, with CD values (concentrations required to double the specific activity of QR in Hepa1c1c7 cell culture) in the range of 1.0-5.7 [mu]M. QR induction by 3-hydroxy-[beta]-damascone was shown to be mediated via transcription factor Nrf2 signaling in transient transfection exp...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 13, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Clarissa Gerhäuser, Karin Klimo, Wolfgang Hümmer, Jana Hölzer, Astrid Petermann, Antonio Garreta-Rufas, Frank-D. Böhmer, Peter Schreier Source Type: journals

Incorporation and metabolism of punicic acid in healthy young humansEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to investigate the incorporation and metabolism of punicic acid (PA, cis9,trans11,cis13-18:3) in healthy young humans. The study was a randomized controlled trial. After 7 days adaptation with sunflower seed kernels supplementation, 30 subjects were then divided into the control and test group (n = 15). The test group was supplemented with Trichosanthes kirilowii (TK) seed kernels containing 3 g of PA per day in the form of triacylglycerols for 28 days. The control group was provided with sunflower seed kernels. After consumption of TK seeds containing 3 g PA per day for 28 days, the proport...
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 13, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Gaofeng Yuan, Andrew J. Sinclair, Chaojiong Xu, Duo Li Source Type: journals

Curcumin reduces oxidative and nitrative DNA damage through balancing of oxidant-antioxidant status in hamsters infected with Opisthorchis viverriniEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, curcumin reduced oxidative and nitrative DNA damage by suppression of oxidant-generating genes and enhancement of antioxidant genes, leading to inhibition of oxidative and nitrative stress. Therefore, curcumin may be used as a chemopreventive agent to reduce the severity of OV-associated diseases and the risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). (Source: Molecular Nutrition)
Source: Molecular Nutrition - September 13, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Somchai Pinlaor, Puangrat Yongvanit, Suksanti Prakobwong, Butsara Kaewsamut, Jarinya Khoontawad, Porntip Pinlaor, Yusuke Hiraku Source Type: journals