Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1487: Phytochemicals against Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting Apoptosis
n Zhang Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease that causes pathological changes in articular cartilage, synovial membrane, or subchondral bone. Conventional treatments for OA include surgical and non-surgical methods. Surgical treatment is suitable for patients in the terminal stage of OA. It is often the last choice because of the associated risks and high cost. Medication of OA mainly includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, hyaluronic acid, and cortico-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. However, these drugs often have severe side effects and cannot meet the needs of patients. Therefore, safe...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hui Kong Juan-Juan Han Gorbachev Dmitrii Xin-an Zhang Tags: Review Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1488: Degradation of Orange G Using PMS Triggered by NH2-MIL-101(Fe): An Amino-Functionalized Metal & ndash;Organic Framework
In this study, the catalysts MIL-101(Fe) and NH2-MIL-101(Fe) were prepared using a solvothermal method to carry out degradation experiments. They were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, XPS, and FT-IR, and the results showed that the catalysts were successfully prepared. Then, a catalyst/PMS system was constructed, and the effects of different reaction systems, initial pH, temperature, catalyst dosing, PMS concentration, and the anion effect on the degradation of OG were investigated. Under specific conditions (100 mL OG solution with a concentration of 50 mg/L, pH = 7.3, temperature = 25 °C, 1 mL PMS solution...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lijie Mo Guangzhou Chen Hua Wang Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1490: Activation Mechanism of Fe2+ in Pyrrhotite Flotation: Microflotation and DFT Calculations
Ma Hang Chen In industrial manufacturing, pyrrhotite(Fe1−xS), once depressed, is commonly activated for flotation. However, the replacement of CuSO4 is necessary due to the need for exact control over the dosage during the activation of pyrrhotite, which can pose challenges in industrial settings. This research introduces the use of FeSO4 for the first time to efficiently activate pyrrhotite. The impact of two different activators on pyrrhotite was examined through microflotation experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Microflotation experiments confirmed that as the CuSO4 dosage ...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Qiang Song Xiong Tong Pulin Dai Xian Xie Ruiqi Xie Peiqiang Fan Yuanlin Ma Hang Chen Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1491: Novel Thiazole Derivatives Containing Imidazole and Furan Scaffold: Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Evaluation
i Carbothioamides 3a,b were generated in high yield by reacting furan imidazolyl ketone 1 with N-arylthiosemicarbazide in EtOH with a catalytic amount of conc. HCl. The reaction of carbothioamides 3a,b with hydrazonyl chlorides 4a–c in EtOH with triethylamine at reflux produced 1,3-thiazole derivatives 6a–f. In a different approach, the 1,3-thiazole derivatives 6b and 6e were produced by reacting 3a and 3b with chloroacetone to afford 8a and 8b, respectively, followed by diazotization with 4-methylbenzenediazonium chloride. The thiourea derivatives 3a and 3b then reacted with ethyl chloroace...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Fatimah Agili Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1489: Development and Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method to Quantify Marker Compounds in Lysimachia vulgaris var. davurica and Its Effects in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
In this study, using an experimental mouse model of IBS-D, we elucidated the effects of the LV extract. The methanol extract of LV decreased fecal pellet output in the restraint stress- or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-induced IBS mouse model and inhibited 5-HT-mediated [Ca2+]i increase in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we developed and validated a high-performance liquid chromatography method using two marker compounds, namely, chlorogenic acid and rutin, for quality control analysis. Our study results suggest the feasibility of the methanol extract of LV for developing therapeutic agents to treat IBS-D by acting as a...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hye-Youn Kim Cho-Een Kim Dool-Ri Oh Yonguk Kim Chul-Yung Choi Jaeyong Kim Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1492: Isolation, Purification and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Anthocyanins and Their Novel Degradation Compounds from Solanum tuberosum L.
In this study, two new anthocyanin degradation compounds, norpetanin (9) and 4-O-(p-coumaryl) rhamnose (10), along with 17 known anthocyanins and their derivatives, were isolated and purified from an acid-ethanolic extract of fresh purple potato tubers. Their structures were elucidated via 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS and compared with those reported in the literature. The extracts were evaluated for anthocyanins and their derivatives using a tyrosinase inhibitor screening kit and molecular docking technology, and the results showed that petanin, norpetanin, 4-O-(p-coumaryl) rhamnose, and lyciruthephenylpropanoid D/E posses...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jian Ouyang Na Hu Honglun Wang Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1493: Rapid, Massive, and Green Synthesis of Polyoxometalate-Based Metal & ndash;Organic Frameworks to Fabricate POMOF/PAN Nanofiber Membranes for Selective Filtration of Cationic Dyes
This study provides a new direction for the systematic design and manufacture of membrane separation materials with outstanding properties for contaminant removal. (Source: Molecules)
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jianping Li Zhaoke Yu Jiaming Zhang Chengjie Liu Qi Zhang Hongfei Shi Dai Wu Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1494: Lipidomic Analysis of Liver and Adipose Tissue in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mice Model Reveals Alterations in Lipid Metabolism by Weight Loss and Aerobic Exercise
elen Gika Detailed investigation of the lipidome remodeling upon normal weight conditions, obesity, or weight loss, as well as the influence of physical activity, can help to understand the mechanisms underlying dyslipidemia in metabolic conditions correlated to the emergence and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). C57BL/6 male mice were fed a normal diet (ND) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks. Subgroups within the high-fat diet (HFD) group underwent different interventions: some engaged in exercise (HFDex), others were subjected to weight loss (WL) by changing from the HFD to ND, and some und...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Thomai Mouskeftara Olga Deda Grigorios Papadopoulos Antonios Chatzigeorgiou Helen Gika Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1486: MoOx-Based Colorimetric Sensor for Ultraviolet Visualization
wu Wang Due to the depletion of the global ozone layer and the presence of ozone holes, humans are increasingly exposed to threats from solar ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, researching and developing a highly selective, sensitive, simple, and fast ultraviolet sensor is of significant importance for personal protection. In recent years, new nanomaterials have shown good application prospects in the research of ultraviolet sensors. MoOx nanostructures were prepared by a hydrothermal method. The experimental results show that, compared to traditional photochromic compounds, the new MoOx nanostructures exhibit high uniq...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Zhaokang Zheng Zhen Liu Xingying Li Aiwu Wang Tags: Communication Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1495: The Sensitivity of Structure to Ionic Radius and Reaction Stoichiometry: A Crystallographic Study of Metal Coordination and Hydrogen Bonding in Barbiturate Complexes of All Five Alkali Metals Li & ndash;Cs
Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1495: The Sensitivity of Structure to Ionic Radius and Reaction Stoichiometry: A Crystallographic Study of Metal Coordination and Hydrogen Bonding in Barbiturate Complexes of All Five Alkali Metals Li–Cs Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules29071495 Authors: Clegg Gary S. Nichol A systematic study has been conducted on barbiturate complexes of all five alkali metals, Li–Cs, prepared from metal carbonates or hydroxides in an aqueous solution without other potential ligands present, varying the stoichiometric ratio of metal ion to barbituric acid (BAH). Eight polymeric ...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Clegg Gary S. Nichol Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1496: Uncontrolled Post-Industrial Landfill & mdash;Source of Metals, Potential Toxic Compounds, Dust, and Pathogens in Environment & mdash;A Case Study
Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1496: Uncontrolled Post-Industrial Landfill—Source of Metals, Potential Toxic Compounds, Dust, and Pathogens in Environment—A Case Study Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules29071496 Authors: Justyna Szulc Małgorzata Okrasa Adriana Nowak Małgorzata Ryngajłło Joanna Nizioł Anna Kuźniar Tomasz Ruman Beata Gutarowska The aim of this case study was the evaluation of the selected metals’ concentration, potential toxic compound identification, cytotoxicity analysis, estimation of the airborne dust concentration, biodiversity, and number of microor...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Justyna Szulc Ma łgorzata Okrasa Adriana Nowak Ma łgorzata Ryngajłło Joanna Nizio ł Anna Ku źniar Tomasz Ruman Beata Gutarowska Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1497: Study on the Neuroprotective Effects of Eight Iridoid Components Using Cell Metabolomics
In conclusion, the eight iridoid components could reverse an imbalanced metabolic state by regulating amino acid neurotransmitters, interfering with amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism, and harmonizing the level of oxidized substances to exhibit neuroprotective effects. (Source: Molecules)
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Zhang Zhou Zhang Wang Chen Zheng Feng Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1498: Poly(silyl ether)s as Degradable and Sustainable Materials: Synthesis and Applications
dong Du Polymer research is currently focused on sustainable and degradable polymers which are cheap, easy to synthesize, and environmentally friendly. Silicon-based polymers are thermally stable and can be utilized in various applications, such as columns and coatings. Poly(silyl ether)s (PSEs) are an interesting class of silicon-based polymers that are easily hydrolyzed in either acidic or basic conditions due to the presence of the silyl ether Si-O-C bond. Synthetically, these polymers can be formed in several different ways, and the most effective and environmentally friendly synthesis is dehydrogenative cross coup...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Vladimir Zotov Srikanth Vijjamarri Seyed-Danial Mousavi Guodong Du Tags: Review Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1499: Developing an Improved Cycle Architecture for AI-Based Generation of New Structures Aimed at Drug Discovery
Xiaojun Xu Drug discovery involves a crucial step of optimizing molecules with the desired structural groups. In the domain of computer-aided drug discovery, deep learning has emerged as a prominent technique in molecular modeling. Deep generative models, based on deep learning, play a crucial role in generating novel molecules when optimizing molecules. However, many existing molecular generative models have limitations as they solely process input information in a forward way. To overcome this limitation, we propose an improved generative model called BD-CycleGAN, which incorporates BiLSTM (bidirectional long short-...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chun Zhang Liangxu Xie Xiaohua Lu Rongzhi Mao Lei Xu Xiaojun Xu Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1500: The Neglected Role of Asphaltene in the Synthesis of Mesophase Pitch
This study investigates the synthesis of mesophase pitch using low-cost fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) slurry and waste fluid asphaltene (WFA) as raw materials through the co-carbonization method. The resulting mesophase pitch product and its formation mechanism were thoroughly analyzed. Various characterization techniques, including polarizing microscopy, softening point measurement, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), were employed to characterize and analyze the properties and structure of the mesophase pitch. The experimental results demonstrate that the optimal optical...
Source: Molecules - March 27, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mingzhi Wang Yulin Li Haoyu Wang Junjie Tao Mingzhe Li Yuzhu Shi Xiaolong Zhou Tags: Article Source Type: research