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This page shows you the latest news and research items in this category.

Prediction of ventricular arrhythmias using cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is the commonest cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in developed countries. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most frequent cause of VT in individuals over the age of 30, while hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), myocarditis and congenital heart disease in those below 30 years of age. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), a non-invasive, non-radiating technique, can reliably detect the changes in ventricular volumes and the ejection fraction that can be predictive of VT/SCD. Furthermore, the capability of CMR to perform tissue characterization and detect oedema, fat and fibrotic substrate, using...
Source: European Journal of Echocardiography - May 13, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mavrogeni, S., Petrou, E., Kolovou, G., Theodorakis, G., Iliodromitis, E. Tags: CLINICAL/ORIGINAL PAPERS Source Type: research

Bradyarrhythmias and Pacemaker Therapy in Dogs with Chagas Disease
Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBradyarrhythmias can result in clinical signs requiring pacemaker implantation in CP dogs, and although the diagnosis negatively impacts survival, pacemaker therapy is a viable treatment option. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)
Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine - May 10, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A.B. Saunders, S.G. Gordon, M.H. Rector, A. DeMaster, N. Jackson, F.J. Clubb, G.T. Fosgate, M.W. Miller Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

50 Years Ago in The Journal of Pediatrics: Myocarditis Possibly Due to Coxsackie Group A, Type 16 Virus
Goldberg MF, McAdams J. J Pediatr 1963;62:762-5 The report of Goldberg and McAdams describes an infant who died suddenly from presumed myocarditis. At autopsy, culture of the heart was unrevealing, but Coxsackie A virus was isolated from the gastrointestinal tract, leading the authors to suggest that this agent, rather than the more commonly implicated Coxsackie B virus, was the cause. Given the frequency of asymptomatic excretion of enteroviruses from the gastrointestinal tract, however, the authors conceded that the evidence linking Coxsackie A to the baby's myocarditis was tenuous. (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - April 24, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Philip Toltzis Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Development of a enterovirus diagnostic assay system for diagnosis of viral myocarditis in humans
Abstract The coxsackieviruses type B3 (CVB3) are members of the genus Enterovirus of the family Picornaviridae. They are the commonest cause of chronic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. However, there is still no effective method for diagnosing CVB3 infection in humans. Here, a fast and accurate system that uses a capsid‐protein‐specific peptide sequence to detect CVB3 in the sera of patients with viral myocarditis was established. The peptide sequence was selected from the whole CVB3 capsid protein sequence by computationally predicting fragments with high antigenicity and low hydrophobicity. Two of eight possib...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - April 15, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Byung‐Kwan Lim, Eun‐Seon Ju, Dieu Hung Lao, Soo‐Hyeon Yun, Yoo‐Jung Lee, Duk‐Kyung Kim, Eun‐Seok Jeon Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Retrospective evaluation of antibody index of human parvovirus B19 as a prognostic factor in patients with dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy
Abstract Cardiotropic viral infections are important causative factors in dilated cardiomyopathy. This retrospective study examined the antibody index for human parvovirus B19 in patients suffering from dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy as a prognostic factor for stable left ventricular function. Blood specimens from 43 patients with the diagnosis of dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy were analyzed for human parvovirus B19 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme immunoassay kit for qualitative determination of IgG and IgM antibodies. To exclude patients with acute myocarditis, only patients with onset of symptoms mo...
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - April 12, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Konstantin Zedtwitz‐Liebenstein, Oliver Robak, Heinz Burgmann, Michael Frass Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Susceptibility To Some Viral Infections May Be Increased By Newly Approved Blood Thinner
A study led by researchers at the University of North Carolina indicates that a newly approved blood thinner that blocks a key component of the human blood clotting system may increase the risk and severity of certain viral infections, including flu and myocarditis, a viral infection of the heart and a significant cause of sudden death in children and young adults. For the past 50 years, people with the heartbeat irregularity, atrial fibrillation, and others at increased risk for forming potentially life-threatening blood clots have been given the anticoagulant drug warfarin... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - April 3, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Blood / Hematology Source Type: news

Newly approved blood thinner may increase susceptibility to some viral infections
(University of North Carolina Health Care) A study led by researchers at the University of North Carolina indicates that a newly approved blood thinner that blocks a key component of the human blood clotting system may increase the risk and severity of certain viral infections, including flu and myocarditis, a viral infection of the heart and a significant cause of sudden death in children and young adults. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - April 1, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Surgical Thrombectomy of Two Left Ventricular Thrombi in a Child With Acute Myocarditis
We report on a 10-year-old previously healthy girl presenting with 2 large left ventricular thrombi in acute lymphocytic acute myocarditis. No coagulation disorder was found. Her clinical course and mobile thrombi characteristics prompted us to carry out an urgent surgical thrombectomy rather than primary anticoagulation therapy. The patient has recovered well without clinical signs of thromboembolism. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - April 1, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Dechant, M.-J., Siepe, M., Stiller, B., Grohmann, J. Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

A 25‐year experience of endomyocardial biopsy safety in infants
Conclusion:Endomyocardial biopsies can be performed safely in infants, although children under 6 months of age and less than 8 kg represent a high risk group and deserve special consideration due to the incidence of complications in this cohort. © 2013 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions)
Source: Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions - April 1, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Derek Zhorne, Christopher J. Petit, Frank F. Ing, Henri Justino, John L. Jefferies, William J. Dreyer, Debra Kearney, Matthew A. Crystal Tags: Original Study Source Type: research

Hepatic damage caused by Coxsackievirus B3 is dependent on age‐related tissue tropisms associated with the Coxsackievirus‐adenovirus receptor
This study was designed to explore the role of coxsackievirus‐adenovirus receptor (CAR) in pathogenesis of CVB3 infected hepatocyte via in vitro and mice study. CVB3 (CVB3/2630) was isolated from liver tissue of a neonate with fulminant hepatitis. Cell lines A549, HeLa, HEp2 and Huh‐7 were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium. One‐day‐old or seven‐day‐old mice progeny were used in the experiments. Viraemia was noted in seven‐day‐old ICR mice 2 hours of an intraperitoneal injection. Thereafter the highest viral titers were detected in blood, liver and spleen. Histopathological studies of the live...
Source: FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jung‐Yen Liu, Shih‐Min Wang, I‐Chun Chen, Chun‐Keung Yu, Ching‐Chuan Liu Tags: Research paper Source Type: research

MiR-10a* up-regulates coxsackievirus B3 biosynthesis by targeting the 3D-coding sequence
In this study, we found that the miR-10a duplex could significantly up-regulate the biosynthesis of CVB type 3 (CVB3). Further study showed that it was the miR-10a star strand (miR-10a*) that augmented CVB3 biosynthesis. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that the miR-10a* target was located in the nt6818–nt6941 sequence of the viral 3D-coding region. MiR-10a* was detectable in the cardiac tissues of suckling Balb/c mice, suggesting that miR-10a* may impact CVB3 replication during its cardiac infection. Taken together, these data for the first time show that miRNA* can positively modulate gene expression. MiR-10a* migh...
Source: Nucleic Acids Research - March 31, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Tong, L., Lin, L., Wu, S., Guo, Z., Wang, T., Qin, Y., Wang, R., Zhong, X., Wu, X., Wang, Y., Luan, T., Wang, Q., Li, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, F., Zhao, W., Zhong, Z. Tags: RNA Source Type: research

Cardiac-Specific Overexpression of Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene-5 Protects Mice From Lethal Viral Myocarditis [Original Articles]
Conclusions— Our data suggest that myocardial MDA5 may be a key molecule in protecting the heart from direct viral injury and myocardial dysfunction. (Source: Circulation: Heart Failure)
Source: Circulation: Heart Failure - March 19, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Philip, J., Xu, Z., Bowles, N. E., Vallejo, J. G. Tags: Contractile function, Other heart failure, Animal models of human disease, Apoptosis, Heart failure - basic studies Original Articles Source Type: research

Selective In Vivo Visualization of Immune-Cell Infiltration in a Mouse Model of Autoimmune Myocarditis by Fluorine-19 Cardiac Magnetic Resonance [Original Articles]
Conclusions— In vivo 19F-CMR was successfully used to visualize the inflammation specifically and robustly in experimental autoimmune myocarditis, and thus allowed for an unprecedented insight into the involvement of inflammatory cells in the disease process. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging - March 19, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: van Heeswijk, R. B., De Blois, J., Kania, G., Gonzales, C., Blyszczuk, P., Stuber, M., Eriksson, U., Schwitter, J. Tags: Myocardial cardiomyopathy disease, CT and MRI Original Articles Source Type: research

Refractory cardiogenic shock following idiopathic giant cell myocarditis in a 19-year-old woman
Clinical case A 19-year-old woman with no medical history except for facial acne treated with tetracyclines during the previous year presented to the emergency room referring 1-week history of worsening muscle weakness, palpitations and exertional dyspnoea. Physical examination revealed a tachycardic (130 bpm), tachypnoeic and hypotensive (blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg) thin woman with fever of 38.5°C, rash and jugular vein distention. An ECG showed sinus tachycardia with 0.5 mm elevation of the ST segment in the anterior and inferior leads. In laboratory studies, she had leukocytosis with neutrophilia and ...
Source: Heart Asia - March 7, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Viana-Tejedor, A., Sousa, I., Bueno, H., Fernandez Aviles, F. Tags: Images in cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research

First therapeutic use of Artesunate in treatment of human herpesvirus 6B myocarditis in a child
Conclusions: In addition to existing heart failure treatments, Artesunate can be considered as an effective candidate for clinical use in cases of HHV-6B associated myocarditis. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - March 7, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Nina Hakacova, Karin Klingel, Reinhard Kandolf, Elin Engdahl, Anna Fogdell-Hahn, Thomas Higgins Tags: Short communications Source Type: research

STAT3 activity is necessary and sufficient for the development of immune‐mediated myocarditis in mice and promotes progression to dilated cardiomyopathy
Abstract Myocarditis, often triggered by viral infection, may lead to heart auto‐immunity and dilated cardiomyopathy. What determines the switch between disease resolution and progression is however incompletely understood. We show that pharmacological inhibition of STAT3, the main mediator of IL‐6 signalling and of Th17‐cell differentiation, protects mice from the development of Experimental Auto‐immune Myocarditis reducing liver production of the complement component C3, and can act therapeutically when administered at disease peak. Further, we demonstrate that STAT3 is sufficient when constitutively active for t...
Source: EMBO Molecular Medicine - March 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Annalisa Camporeale, Francesca Marino, Anna Papageorgiou, Paolo Carai, Sara Fornero, Steven Fletcher, Brent D. G. Page, Patrick Gunning, Marco Forni, Roberto Chiarle, Mara Morello, Ole Jensen, Renzo Levi, Stephane Heymans, Valeria Poli Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Periodontal bacteria aggravate experimental autoimmune myocarditis in mice
We examined heart mRNA levels using quantitative RT-PCR. The anti-P.g. IgG antibody level in plasma samples of the P.g.-injected group significantly increased compared with the PBS-injected group. Histopathological analysis detected that the myocarditis-affected areas and the fibrotic area in the P.g.-injected EAM group significantly increased compared with the PBS-injected EAM group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis detected that more CD11b-positive cells were shown in the heart of the P.g.-injected EAM group compared with the PBS EAM-injected group (P < 0.05). Hearts from the P.g.-injected EAM group showed s...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - March 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ashigaki, N., Suzuki, J.-i., Ogawa, M., Watanabe, R., Aoyama, N., Kobayashi, N., Hanatani, T., Sekinishi, A., Zempo, H., Tada, Y., Takamura, C., Wakayama, K., Hirata, Y., Nagai, R., Izumi, Y., Isobe, M. Tags: INTEGRATIVE CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Source Type: research

Expanding the Availability of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
A healthy 14-year-old presented to an emergency department in Alaska, complaining of shortness of breath, chest pain, and 72 hours of malaise and headache. On admission, her blood pressure was 80/50 mm Hg, and she had cool extremities. Electrocardiography revealed wide-complex ventricular tachycardia. She underwent synchronized electrical cardioversion. Although she initially converted to sinus rhythm, she subsequently became pulseless, with electrocardiographic evidence of ventricular tachycardia. Despite cardiopulmonary resuscitation, she failed to achieve a perfusing rhythm. Cardiovascular surgery consultation was obtai...
Source: PEDIATRICS - March 1, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: McMullan, D. M. Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Long-Term Use of Ventricular Assist Device as a Bridge to Recovery in Acute Fulminant Myocarditis [CASE REPORTS]
We report the successful long-term use of a left ventricular assist device (Berlin EXCOR) as a bridge to recovery in a patient with fulminant parvovirus B19 myocarditis. The use of this device allowed time for myocardial recovery, avoiding the need for cardiac transplantation. (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - February 28, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: George, C. L. S., Ameduri, R. K., Reed, R. C., Dummer, K. B., Overman, D. M., St. Louis, J. D. Tags: Mechanical Circulatory Assistance CASE REPORTS Source Type: research

Hypersensitivity myocarditis and outcome after heart transplantation
Conclusions: HSM at the time of HTx is associated with an increased frequency of late ACR after HTx. Post-HTx survival is not influenced by pre-HTx HSM. (Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation)
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - February 27, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Saeko Kanai-Yoshizawa, Tomoko Sugiyama Kato, Donna Mancini, Charles C. Marboe Tags: Original Clinical Science Source Type: research

Rapid recovery from acute myocarditis under levosimendan treatment: report of two cases
ConclusionTo our knowledge, there is no report or study on levosimendan therapy for AVM in humans to date. Herein, we share two cases that revealed dramatic improvement in the myocardial function with levosimendan usage during the early phase of AVM. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - February 26, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Suleyman Ercan, Vedat Davutoglu, Musa Cakici, Emre Kus, Hayri Alici, Ibrahim Sari Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Pericarditis, myocarditis, and other cardiomyopathies.
Abstract An overview of pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, and acute myocarditis is presented. Clinical presentation, causes, physical signs, laboratory testing, and various imaging procedures are discussed. Established pharmacologic and mechanical therapies are reviewed. Short-term and long-term prognoses, when relevant, are discussed. PMID: 23402470 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Primary Care)
Source: Primary Care - February 21, 2013 Category: Primary Care Authors: Shammas NW, Padaria RF, Coyne EP Tags: Prim Care Source Type: research

'Mesenchymal stem cells improve murine acute coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis' [Eur Heart J 2011;32(17):2168-2178, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq467]
(Source: European Heart Journal)
Source: European Heart Journal - February 21, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Van Linthout, S., Savvatis, K., Miteva, K., Peng, J., Ringe, J., Warstat, K., Schmidt-Lucke, C., Sittinger, M., Schultheiss, H.- P., Tschope, C. Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

High prevalence of myocarditis in patients with hypertensive heart disease and cardiac deterioration
Conclusion Myocarditis is a major cause of cardiac deterioration in patients with HHD; its recognition may improve patient treatment and outcome. (Source: European Journal of Heart Failure)
Source: European Journal of Heart Failure - February 20, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Frustaci, A., Francone, M., Petrosillo, N., Chimenti, C. Tags: HISTOPATHOLOGY Source Type: research

Complete heart block due to diphtheritic myocarditis in the present era
We report six children with diphtheric myocarditis who presented with complete heart block. Three patients survived, one with persistent complete heart block. Aggressive supportive management including transvenous pacing may result in complete recovery in a significant number of children with diphtheric myocarditis. (Source: Annals of Pediatric Cardiology)
Source: Annals of Pediatric Cardiology - February 16, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mithun J VargheseSivasubramanian RamakrishnanShyam S KothariAkhil ParasharRajnish JunejaAnita Saxena Source Type: research

Persistent electrocardiographic ST segment elevation from previous myocarditis
We present an asymptomatic 16-year-old male patient, whose ECG showed persistent anterolateral ST segment elevation and magnetic resonance imaging showed wall motion abnormalities from previous myocarditis but no evidence of inflammation. (Source: Annals of Pediatric Cardiology)
Source: Annals of Pediatric Cardiology - February 16, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Efrén Martinez-QuintanaFayna Rodriguez-GonzalezPaula Junquera-Rionda Source Type: research

TLR3 deficiency induces chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy in resistant mice following coxsackievirus B3 infection: role for IL-4
In this study we found that TLR3 deficiency increased acute (P = 5.9 x 10–9) and chronic (P = 6.0 x 10–7) myocarditis compared with WT B6.129, a mouse strain that is resistant to chronic myocarditis and iDCM. Using left ventricular in vivo hemodynamic assessment, we found that TLR3-deficient mice developed progressively worse chronic cardiomyopathy. TLR3 deficiency significantly increased viral replication in the heart during acute myocarditis from day 3 through day 12 after infection, but infectious virus was not detected in the heart during chronic disease. TLR3 deficiency increased cytokines associated with ...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 15, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Abston, E. D., Coronado, M. J., Bucek, A., Onyimba, J. A., Brandt, J. E., Frisancho, J. A., Kim, E., Bedja, D., Sung, Y.-k., Radtke, A. J., Gabrielson, K. L., Mitzner, W., Fairweather, D. Tags: Call for Papers Source Type: research

Diverse stage-dependent effects of glucocorticoids in a murine model of viral myocarditis.
CONCLUSIONS: Early administration of DEX is beneficial in the treatment of fulminant viral myocarditis, whereas late administration of DEX is harmful. The beneficial effects of DEX on survival were completely abolished by simultaneous administration of a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Hence, we speculate that a direct action of DEX on cardiomyocytes, rather than anti-inflammatory effects of DEX on immune cells, confers resistance to myocardial damage induced by viral infection. PMID: 23415923 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Cardiology)
Source: Journal of Cardiology - February 14, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nakamura H, Kunitsugu I, Fukuda K, Matsuzaki M, Sano M Tags: J Cardiol Source Type: research

PAR-1 contributes to the innate immune response during viral infection
In this study, we analyzed the role of PAR-1 in coxsackievirus B3–induced (CVB3-induced) myocarditis and influenza A infection. CVB3-infected Par1–/– mice expressed reduced levels of IFN-β and CXCL10 during the early phase of infection compared with Par1+/+ mice that resulted in higher viral loads and cardiac injury at day 8 after infection. Inhibition of either tissue factor or thrombin in WT mice also significantly increased CVB3 levels in the heart and cardiac injury compared with controls. BM transplantation experiments demonstrated that PAR-1 in nonhematopoietic cells protected mice from CVB...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 12, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Silvio Antoniak, A. Phillip Owens III, Martin Baunacke, Julie C. Williams, Rebecca D. Lee, Alice Weithäuser, Patricia A. Sheridan, Ronny Malz, James P. Luyendyk, Denise A. Esserman, JoAnn Trejo, Daniel Kirchhofer, Burns C. Blaxall, Rafal Pawlinski, M Source Type: research

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy mid ventricle variant and cardiac arrest: chicken or the egg?
We report 3 cases of mid ventricular TTC, with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest as the presenting feature. All 3 patients had normal QTc interval and were found to have normal coronary arteries on cardiac catheterization at presentation. Mid ventricular TTC was confirmed on contrast left ventriculography and echocardiography. Cardiac arrest myocarditis was ruled out by myocardial biopsy in 2 deceased patients and by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the one who survived. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - February 11, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Kuljit Singh, Ajay K. Parsaik, Christopher J. Zeitz Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Mast Cell Inhibition Attenuates Myocardial Damage, Adverse Remodeling, and Dysfunction During Fulminant Myocarditis in the Rat
Conclusions: Our study suggests that mast cell inhibition with cromolyn sodium attenuates adverse LV remodeling and dysfunction in myocarditis. This mechanism-based therapy is clinically relevant and could improve the outcome of patients at risk for inflammatory cardiomyopathy and heart failure. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mina, Y., Rinkevich-Shop, S., Konen, E., Goitein, O., Kushnir, T., Epstein, F. H., Feinberg, M. S., Leor, J., Landa-Rouben, N. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Coxsackievirus B transmission and possible new roles for extracellular vesicles.
Abstract Coxsackievirus B1, a member of the Picornaviridae family is a non-enveloped single-stranded RNA virus associated with human diseases including myocarditis and pancreatitis. Infection of the intestinal mucosa, lined by polarized epithelial cells, requires interaction of coxsackievirus with apically located DAF (decay-accelerating factor) before transport to the basolaterally located CAR (coxsackie and adenovirus receptor), where entry is mediated by endocytosis. As with many other non-enveloped viruses, coxsackievirus has to induce lysis of host cells in order to perpetuate infection. However, recent eviden...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - February 1, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Inal JM, Jorfi S Tags: Biochem Soc Trans Source Type: research

Mulberry leaf diet protects against progression of experimental autoimmune myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy via modulation of oxidative stress and MAPK mediated apoptosis
ConclusionCollectively, these results suggest that supplementation of rats with 5% MLD has the ability to regulate cardiac remodeling and improves cardiac function and hence contributes to prevent the development of postmyocarditis dilated cardiomyopathy.© 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd (Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics)
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - February 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Somasundaram Arumugam, Sayaka Mito, Rajarajan A. Thandavarayan, Vijayasree V. Giridharan, Vigneshwaran Pitchaimani, Vengadeshprabhu Karuppagounder, Meilei Harima, Mayumi Nomoto, Kenji Suzuki, Kenichi Watanabe Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Pancreatitis and myocarditis followed by pulmonary hemorrhage, a rare presentation of leptospirosis- A case report and literature survey
Conclusion: This case illustrates diagnostic difficulties especially in resource poor settings where leptospirosis is common. Additionally it highlights the fact that leptospirosis should be considered in patients presenting with pancreatitis which can be complicated with myocarditis and diffuse pulmonary hemorrhages. We hypothesize that Toll like receptors may play a role in such systemic involvement. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - January 24, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Nuwan RanawakaVijayabala JeevaganPanduka KarunanayakeSaroj Jayasinghe Source Type: research

Development of enterovirus diagnostic assay system for human patients
Abstract The coxsackieviruses B3 (CVB3) are members of the genus Enterovirus of the family Picornaviridae. They are the most common etiological agents of chronic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. However, there is still no effective diagnostic method for CVB3 in human patients. Here, we established a fast and accurate system to detect enterovirus (CVB3) in the sera of patients with viral myocarditis using a capsid‐protein‐specific peptide sequence. The peptide sequence was selected from the whole CVB3 capsid protein sequence by computationally predicting those fragments with high antigenicity and low hydrophobici...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - January 22, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Byung‐Kwan Lim, Eun‐Seon Ju, Dieu Hung Lao, Soo‐Hyeon Yun, Yoo‐Jung Lee, Duk‐Kyung Kim, Eun‐Seok Jeon Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Naxos disease evolution mimicking acute myocarditis: The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
A 14year-old boy, originating from the Greek island of Naxos, with clinically and genetically documented Naxos disease was referred due to chest pain, increased troponin I levels up to 20μg/L (normal values: (Source: International Journal of Cardiology)
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - January 21, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sophie Mavrogeni, Nikos Protonotarios, Adalena Tsatsopoulou, Panagiota Papachristou, Eliza Sfendouraki, George Papadopoulos Tags: Online Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

An unusual case of giant cell myocarditis missed in a Heartmate-2 left ventricle apical-wedge section: a case report and review of the literature
Herein we present a case of fulminant myocarditis in a woman previously treated for B-cell lymphoma. While the clinical context was suggestive of adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy, the initial pathology of the Heartmate-2 apical core showed lymphocytic myocarditis. After 8 months of stability, the patient presented with progressive heart failure and recurrent ventricular arrhythmias. An endomyocardial biopsy revealed findings typical of giant cell myocarditis (GCM); poor response to immunosuppressive therapy and marked hemodynamic instability led to urgent transplantation. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case ...
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery - January 17, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Kim AndersonMichel CarrierPhilippe RomeoGuy PelletierMark LiszkowskiNormand RacineMichel WhiteAnique Ducharme Source Type: research

HLA‐DRB1 Typing by Micro‐Bead Array Assay Identifies the Origin of Early Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a Heart Transplant Recipient
We report the case of a 68‐year‐old woman who underwent heart transplantation for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Two months after the transplant she developed mild fever and dyspnea with a marked drop in left ventricle ejection fraction of 31%. Coronary angiography was negative for cardiac allograft vasculopathy. Endomyocardial biopsy revealed ischemic damage with no evidence of acute cellular rejection, antibody‐mediated rejection or viral myocarditis. A neoplastic process was suspected even though full‐body computerized tomography was negative for malignancy. The patient died 4 months after transplantation. The aut...
Source: American Journal of Transplantation - January 17, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: M. Fedrigo, F. Poli, G. Esposito, G. Feltrin, G. Toscano, C. d'Agostino, B. Schiavon, G. Gerosa, A. Amadori, M. Valente, G. Thiene, A. Angelini Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome of Giant-Cell Myocarditis in the Era of Combined Immunosuppression [Original Articles]
Conclusions— Repeat endomyocardial biopsies are frequently needed to diagnose giant-cell myocarditis. On contemporary immunosuppession, two thirds of patients reach a partial clinical remission characterized by freedom from severe heart failure and need of transplantation but continuing proneness to ventricular tachyarrhythmias. (Source: Circulation: Heart Failure)
Source: Circulation: Heart Failure - January 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kandolin, R., Lehtonen, J., Salmenkivi, K., Raisanen-Sokolowski, A., Lommi, J., Kupari, M. Tags: Other heart failure, Arrhythmias, clinical electrophysiology, drugs Original Articles Source Type: research

Evaluation of Cardiac Function by Magnetic Resonance Imaging During the Follow-Up of Patients With Kawasaki Disease [Original Articles]
Conclusions— In this cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study evaluating the cardiac function of patients with KD at long-term follow-up, we did not observe a difference in cardiac function between KD patients and control subjects, except for a subgroup of patients with ischemic heart disease as a result of severe coronary artery pathology. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Tacke, C. E., Romeih, S., Kuipers, I. M., Spijkerboer, A. M., Groenink, M., Kuijpers, T. W. Tags: Cardiovascular imaging agents/Techniques, CT and MRI Original Articles Source Type: research

Unexpected brain lesions in lactating Sprague-Dawley rats in a Two-generation Inhalation Reproductive Toxicity Study with pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa).
Abstract The study presented was conducted following the reproductive study guideline OECD Guideline 416 Two-Generation Reproduction Toxicity Study. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 2000, 10,000 and 50,000ppm of HFC-245fa. There was an unexpected mortality of lactating dams in the medium and high dose group beginning at day 10 of lactation. Statistically significant histopathological alterations were observed in the cerebellum of a total of 9/30 females of the high dose group of the F(0)-generation and in 10/27 females of the high dose group of the F(1)-generation. In contrast there were no brain lesions found i...
Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology - January 15, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Buschmann J, Fuhst R, Tillmann T, Ernst H, Kolling A, Pohlmann G, Preiss A, Berger-Preiss E, Hansen T, Kellner R, Rusch GM Tags: Exp Toxicol Pathol Source Type: research

Epicardial management of myocarditis-related ventricular tachycardia
(Source: European Heart Journal)
Source: European Heart Journal - January 14, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mazzone, P., Tsiachris, D., Della Bella, P. Tags: CARDIOVASCULAR FLASHLIGHT Source Type: research

Nitric oxide synthase 2 is required for conversion of pro-fibrogenic inflammatory CD133+ progenitors into F4/80+ macrophages in experimental autoimmune myocarditis
Conclusion Active and NOS2-dependent induction of macrophage lineage differentiation abrogates the myofibrogenic potential of heart-infiltrating CD133+ progenitors. Modulating the in vivo differentiation fate of specific progenitors might become a novel approach for the treatment of inflammatory heart diseases. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - January 14, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Blyszczuk, P., Berthonneche, C., Behnke, S., Glonkler, M., Moch, H., Pedrazzini, T., Luscher, T. F., Eriksson, U., Kania, G. Tags: Cardiac biology and remodelling Source Type: research

Rapid onset of fulminant myocarditis portends a favourable prognosis and the ability to bridge mechanical circulatory support to recovery [TX [amp ] MCS]
CONCLUSIONS Fulminant myocarditis is a fatal condition without mechanical support. The rapid onset of symptoms is associated with a complete recovery of myocardial function and VAD explant. The absence of rapid recovery of myocardial function should prompt listing for a heart transplant. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - January 13, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Atluri, P., Ullery, B. W., MacArthur, J. W., Goldstone, A. B., Fairman, A. S., Hiesinger, W., Acker, M. A., Woo, Y. J. Tags: TX [amp ] MCS Source Type: research

Insulin promotes T cell recovery in a murine model of autoimmune myocarditis.
This study investigated the effect of insulin on myocardial inflammation in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in mice and its potential role in T cell regulation. Mice were divided randomly into a normal control group, a saline-treated EAM group and an insulin-treated EAM group. The histopathological changes of myocardium, α-myosin heavy chain (MyHCα)(614-629) antigen-specific autoantibody titre, the serum level of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members' activity and content were measured. Furthermore, the phenotype of T lymphocyte subsets in splenocytes was analysed to ...
Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology - January 1, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zhang Y, Zhuang R, Geng C, Cai X, Lei W, Tian N, Gao F Tags: Clin Exp Immunol Source Type: research

Emergency Files: Acute pericarditis, myocarditis, and worse!
PMID: 23341656 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien)
Source: Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien - January 1, 2013 Category: Primary Care Authors: Sharif N, Dehghani P Tags: Can Fam Physician Source Type: research

Initial Clinical Experience With the HeartWare Left Ventricular Assist System: A Single-Center Report [ORIGINAL ARTICLES: ADULT CARDIAC]
Conclusions Our experience with HVAD shows satisfying results with an excellent posttransplantation survival. Moreover, the stratified survival based on the level of preoperative stability shows better outcomes in patients undergoing elective HVAD implantation. (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - December 31, 2012 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Dell'Aquila, A. M., Schneider, S. R. B., Schlarb, D., Redwan, B., Sindermann, J. R., Ellger, B., Stypmann, J., Tjan, T. D. T., Scheld, H. H., Hoffmeier, A. Tags: Mechanical Circulatory Assistance ORIGINAL ARTICLES: ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

The usefulness of scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-Anti-Granulocyte antibody for diagnosis and follow-up in children with myocarditis.
Conclusions: 1. In 80% of patients with positive scintigraphy results, biopsy-proven myocarditis was observed. 2. The positive antigranulocyte uptake correlated with clinical features at diagnosis and in follow-up. 3. The control scintigraphy performed in follow-up after 6, 12, and 24 months allowed the evaluation of resolved or persistent myocarditis. 4. Myocardial scintigraphy results indicate that the inflammatory process in the myocardium decreases significantly after 12 months from the onset of the disease. 5. Scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-Anti-Granulocyte antibody seems to be a useful diagnostic method in myocarditis, bu...
Source: Polish Heart Journal - December 25, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ziółkowska L, Kawalec W, Biernatowicz M, Swiątek Rawa E, Kamińska A, Turska-Kmieć A Tags: Kardiol Pol Source Type: research

[Cardiomyopathies and myocarditis.]
PMID: 23262455 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Der Radiologe)
Source: Der Radiologe - December 23, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Theisen D, Reiser MF Tags: Radiologe Source Type: research