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ContentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - August 31, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: journals

Editorial BoardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - August 31, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: journals

Translational nanomedicine: status assessment and opportunitiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Nano-enabled technologies hold great promise for medicine and health. The rapid progress by the physical sciences/engineering communities in synthesizing nanostructures and characterizing their properties must be rapidly exploited in medicine and health toward reducing mortality rate, morbidity an illness imposes on a patient, disease prevalence, and general societal burden. A National Science Foundation–funded workshop, “Re-Engineering Basic and Clinical Research to Catalyze Translational Nanoscience,” was held 16–19 March 2008 at the University of Southern California. Based on that workshop and literatu...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - June 18, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: James S. Murday, Richard W. Siegel, Judith Stein, J. Fraser Wright Tags: Preclinical Nanomedicine, Review Source Type: journals

Table of ContentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - May 27, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Editorial BoardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - May 27, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Emphasizing “Medicine” while keeping “Nano” in mind: the role of the Clinical EditorEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Major changes are occurring this year at Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine: with the leadership of Dr. Lajos Balogh as Editor-in-Chief, a renewed team has been assembled with rededicated focus and mission. As part of the new strategy, we are pleased to introduce Dr. Istvan Pirko as Clinical Editor of the journal. The Editor's vision for this new role was to find an unbiased clinician scientist with basic science experience and an active research program, and due to the unique nature of this new challenge Dr. Pirko has embraced this opportunity. (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - May 12, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Istvan Pirko, Lajos P. Balogh Tags: Editorial Source Type: journals

Nanomedicines for ocular NSAIDs: Safety on drug delivery.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The eyes are among the most readily accessible organs in terms of location in the body, nevertheless drug delivery to eye tissues is particularly problematic. Poor bioavailability of drugs from ocular dosage forms is mainly due to pre-corneal loss factors e.g. tear dynamics, non-productive absorption, transient residence time in the cul-the-sac, and relative impermeability of the corneal epithelial membrane. There is a clear need for effective topical formulations able of promoting drug penetration and maintaining therapeutic levels with a reasonable frequency of application, strategy that can also result in enhancemen...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 30, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Araújo J, Gonzalez E, Egea MA, Garcia ML, Souto EB Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles for the improved delivery of doxorubicin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We hypothesize that the efficacy of doxorubicin can be maximized and dose-limiting cardiotoxicity minimized by controlled release from PEGylated nanoparticles. To test this hypothesis, a unique surface modification technique was used to create PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating doxorubicin. An avidin-biotin coupling system was used to control PEG conjugation to the surface of PLGA nanoparticles, of diameter ~130 nm, loaded with doxorubicin to 5% w/w. Encapsulation in nanoparticles did not compromise the efficacy of doxorubicin; drug-loaded nanoparticles were found to be at least as potent as free doxorubicin ag...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 30, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Park J, Fong PM, Lu J, Russell KS, Booth CJ, Saltzman WM, Fahmy TM Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Nanoparticles as drug delivery agents specific for CNS: in vivo biodistribution.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The pharmacological treatment of neurological disorders is often complicated by the inability of drugs to pass the Blood Brain Barrier. Recently we discovered that polymeric nanoparticles (Np) made of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) surface-decorated with the peptide Gly-L-Phe-D-Thr-Gly-L-Phe-L-Leu-L-Ser(O-beta-D-Glucose)-CONH(2) are able to deliver, after i.v. administration, the model drug loperamide into Central Nervous System (CNS). This new drug delivery agent is able to ensure a strong and long-lasting pharmacological effect, far greater than that previously observed with other nanoparticulate carriers. Here, we c...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 30, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Vergoni AV, Tosi G, Tacchi R, Vandelli MA, Bertolini A, Costantino L Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Influence of purity and surface oxidation on cytotoxicity of multi-wall carbon nanotubes with human neuroblastoma cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, our results indicate that concentrations of 5-10 mug/ml MWCNTs seem ideal for studies on the design and development of artificial MWCNT nano-vectors for gene and drug therapy against cancer. PMID: 19341817 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 30, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Vittorio O, Raffa V, Cuschieri A Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Carbohydrate conjugated multiwalled carbon nanotubes: development and characterization.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This work presents a novel cascade of chemical functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), through chemical modification by a carbohydrate i.e. D-galactose. Galactose conjugated or galactosylated MWCNTs were synthesized involving the sequential steps viz. carboxylation, acylation, amine modification and finally, galactose conjugation. The modification of MWCNTs with galactose was investigated by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Zeta potential measurements, at every sequential step of functionalization. Size and surface characteristics of che...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 30, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Jain AK, Dubey V, Mehra NK, Lodhi N, Nahar M, Mishra DK, Jain NK Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Enhanced Delivery and Expression of a Nanoencapsulated DNA Vaccine Vector for RSV.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluated the efficiency of chitosan encapsulated DNA based RSV vaccine. Antigenic regions of RSV F, M2, and G genes were cloned into the phCMV1 vector resulting in a DNA vaccine vector named DR-FM2G. This vector was used to formulate DNA/Chitosan nanoparticles (DCNP) using a complex coacervation process that yielded an encapsulation efficiency of 94.7%. The DCNP sizes ranged from 80-150 nm with uniform size distribution and spherical shape. DNA release was between 50-60% when DCNP was incubated with Similar Gastrointestinal Fluid (SGF), while 21-25% of DNA was released from DCNP in 30 min at pH 10. Differential...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 30, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Boyoglu S, Vig K, Pillai S, Rangari V, Dennis VA, Khazi F, Singh SR Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Protection from radiation-induced pneumonitis using cerium oxide nanoparticles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In an effort to combat the harmful effects of radiation exposure, we propose that rare-earth cerium oxide (CeO(2)) nanoparticles (free-radical scavengers) protect normal tissue from radiation-induced damage. Preliminary studies suggest that these nanoparticles may be a therapeutic regenerative nanomedicine that will scavenge reactive oxygen species, which are responsible for radiation-induced cell damage. The effectiveness of CeO(2) nanoparticles in radiation protection in murine models during high-dose radiation exposure is investigated, with the ultimate goal of offering a new approach to radiation protection, using ...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 12, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Colon J, Herrera L, Smith J, Patil S, Komanski C, Kupelian P, Seal S, Jenkins DW, Baker CH Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Formation of simvastatin nanoparticles from microemulsion.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study evaluates a new method to prepare nanoparticles of a poorly water-soluble drug, simvastatin, by evaporation of all solvents from spontaneously formed oil-in-water microemulsions. By this method, microemulsions containing a volatile solvent as an oil phase are converted into nanoparticles in the form of dry non-oily flakes by freeze-drying. The presence of simvastatin in nanoparticles was determined by dispersing the flakes in water and subsequent filtering through a 0.1-mum filter, followed by measuring the simvastatin concentration in the filtrate. It was found that after freeze-drying more than 95% ...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 3, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Margulis-Goshen K, Magdassi S Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold promotes the reconstruction of acutely injured brain.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) or brain surgery may cause extensive loss of cerebral parenchyma. However, no strategy for reconstruction has been clinically effective. Our previous study had shown that self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold (SAPNS) can bridge the injured spinal cord, elicit axon regeneration, and eventually promote locomotor functional recovery. In the present study we investigated the effect of SAPNS for the reconstruction of acutely injured brain. The lesion cavity of the injured cortex was filled with SAPNS or saline immediately after surgically induced TBI, and the rats were killed 2 days, 2 week...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - March 3, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Guo J, Leung KK, Su H, Yuan Q, Wang L, Chu TH, Zhang W, Pu JK, Ng GK, Wong WM, Dai X, Wu W Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

BIO-Dendrimer 2008: Symposium on biomedical properties and applications of dendrimers - Lodz, Poland.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19230081 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 22, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Klajnert B, Bryszewska M Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

NanoSMat 2008: Intersection of nanostructured materials with medicine.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19230082 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 22, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Haynie DT, Ali N Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

NanoBiotech 2008: Exploring global advances in nanomedicine.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19230083 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 22, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Bawa R Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Enhancement of radiation effects by gold nanoparticles for superficial radiation therapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study showed that AuNPs can be used to enhance the effect of radiation doses from kilovoltage x-ray radiation therapy and megavoltage electron radiation therapy beams. In the prevailing clinical circumstances, wherein radiation therapy dose is constrained by normal tissue tolerance, this enhancement could in the future be used to improve local control in superficial x-ray treatments, megavoltage electron beam radiation therapy, microbeam radiation therapy, and intraoperative irradiation using kilovoltage x-rays or megavoltage electron beams. Moreover, the value of this work also stems from the fact that the damage to ...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 17, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Wan Nordiana Rahman, Nour Bishara, Trevor Ackerly, Cheng Fa He, Price Jackson, Christopher Wong, Robert Davidson, Moshi Geso Tags: Clinical Nanomedicine, Radiation Oncology Source Type: journals

Biodistribution of maltose and gum arabic hybrid gold nanoparticles after intravenous injection in juvenile swineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes several experiments performed to test our hypothesis that the agent used to coat/stabilize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) will act to direct the AuNPs to specific tissues within the body and that changing the coating will change the target organ. Samples were also collected for pathological examination. Gum arabic– (GA) and maltose- (MALT) stabilized AuNPs were administered intravenously to juvenile swine, and blood, tissue, and urine samples were collected for gold analysis. Our results indicate that differences do exist between the two NP constructs tested, with 50% or greater of the total gold dose ...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 17, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Genevieve M. Fent, Stan W. Casteel, Dae Young Kim, Raghuraman Kannan, Kavita Katti, Nripen Chanda, Kattesh Katti Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Intracellular uptake, transport, and processing of nanostructures in cancer cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Nanotechnology has been used to provide advanced biomedical research tools in diagnostic imaging and therapy, which requires targeting of nanoparticles (NPs) to individual cells and subcellular compartments. However, a complete understanding of the intracellular uptake, transport, and subcellular distribution of nanostructured materials remains limited. Hence, gold NPs were explored as a model system to study the intracellular behavior of NPs in real time. Our results show that the cellular uptake of gold NPs is dependent on their size and surface properties. The NPs were transported in vesicles of 300–500 nm d...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 17, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: B. Devika Chithrani, James Stewart, Christine Allen, David A. Jaffray Tags: Basic Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Photothermal effects in connective tissues mediated by laser-activated gold nanorods.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a study on the application of laser-activated nanoparticles in the direct welding of connective tissues, which may become a valuable technology in biomedicine. We use colloidal gold nanorods as new near-infrared chromophores to mediate functional photothermal effects in the eye lens capsules. Samples obtained ex vivo from porcine eyes are treated to simulate heterotransplants with 810-nm diode laser radiation in association with a stain of gold nanorods of aspect ratio approximately 4. This stain is applied at the interface between a patch of capsule from a donor eye and the capsule of a recipient eye. Then, by a...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 13, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Ratto F, Matteini P, Rossi F, Menabuoni L, Tiwari N, Kulkarni SK, Pini R Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Fullerene nanomaterials potentiate hair growth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hair loss is a common symptom resulting from a wide range of disease processes and can lead to stress in affected individuals. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fullerene nanomaterials on hair growth. We used shaved mice as well as SKH-1 "bald" mice to determine if fullerene-based compounds could affect hair growth and hair follicle numbers. In shaved mice, fullerenes increase the rate of hair growth as compared with mice receiving vehicle only. In SKH-1 hairless mice fullerene derivatives given topically or subdermally markedly increased hair growth. This was paralleled by a significant increase i...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 13, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Zhou Z, Lenk R, Dellinger A, Macfarland D, Kumar K, Wilson SR, Kepley CL Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Antibacterial effect of apatite-coated titanium dioxide for textiles applications.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An antibacterial activity of apatite-coated titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) against four types of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Micrococcus luteus) was investigated. Its antibacterial performance was observed under black light, visible light, and dark conditions. The number of viable bacteria decreased with irradiation time and became most prominent at 24 hours. Distortion of bacterial cells by the nanoparticles was demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. Apatite-coated TiO(2) was fixed on cotton textiles by dip-coat technique, and the antimic...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 13, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Kangwansupamonkon W, Lauruengtana V, Surassmo S, Ruktanonchai U Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Degradable Poly(beta-amino ester) nanoparticles for cancer cytoplasmic drug delivery.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fast cytoplasmic drug delivery can overcome cancer cells' drug resistance and thus have an enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Such a drug delivery regime requires drug carriers capable of entering cancer cells, localizing and rapidly releasing the drug into endosomes/lysosomes, and subsequently disrupting their membranes to release the drug into the cytosol. We herein report a low-toxic and degradable poly(beta-amino ester)-graft-polyethylene glycol (BAE-PEG) co-polymer forming pH-responsive nanoparticles capable of cytoplasmic drug delivery. BAE-PEG was synthesized by condensation polymerization of diacrylate and piperazi...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 13, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Shen Y, Tang H, Zhan Y, Van Kirk EA, Murdoch WJ Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Quantum dots encapsulated in phospholipid micelles for imaging and quantification of tumors in the near-infrared region.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we introduced a new NIR contrast agent in poly(ethylene glycol)-phospholipid micelle-encapsulated quantum dots (QD-Ms). QD-Ms maximally accumulated in the tumor area within 1 hour as compared to 4 hours for the commercially available PEGylated quantum dots (QD-PEGs) and allowed for the visualization of both tumor and internal organs. QD-Ms showed a signal-to-noise ratio of 15 that allowed the quantification of the micelles' biodistribution using image analysis. The signal obtained with the QD-Ms was higher than with the commercial formulation at half the QD dose. Overall, the QD-Ms seem to be a powerful and r...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 13, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Papagiannaros A, Levchenko T, Hartner W, Mongayt D, Torchilin V Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

New nano-sized Al(2)O(3)-BN coating 3Y-TZP ceramic composites for CAD/CAM-produced all-ceramic dental restorations. Part I. Fabrication of powders.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Partially sintered 3 mol % yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconium dioxide (ZrO(2), zirconia) polycrystal (3Y-TZP) ceramics are used in dental posterior restorations with computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques. High strength is acquired after sintering, but shape distortion of preshaped compacts during their sintering is inevitable. The aim of this study is to fabricate new machinable ceramic composites with strong mechanical properties that are fit for all-ceramic dental restorations. Aluminum oxide (Al(2)O(3))-coated 3Y-TZP powders were first prepared by the heterogeneous precipitation...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 13, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Yang SF, Yang LQ, Jin ZH, Guo TW, Wang L, Liu HC Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Protracted elimination of gold nanoparticles from mouse liver.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study aims at revealing the fate of 40-nm gold nanoparticles after intravenous injections. The gold nanoparticles were traced histochemically with light and transmission electron microscopy using autometallographic (AMG) staining, and the gold content in the liver was determined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Gold nanoparticles were identified in almost all Kupffer cells one day after the injection, but the fraction of gold-loaded cells gradually decreased to about one fifth after 6 months. Transmission electron microscopic analysis showed that the gold nanoparticles had accumul...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 11, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Sadauskas E, Danscher G, Stoltenberg M, Vogel U, Larsen A, Wallin H Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Leishmanicidal Activity and Immobilization of dermaseptin 01 antimicrobial peptides in ultrathin films for nanomedicine applications.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study the antimicrobial peptide dermaseptin 01 (DS 01), from the skin secretion of Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis frogs was immobilized in nanostructured layered films in conjunction with nickel tetrasulfonated phthalocyanines. The leishmanicidal activity of DS 01 was confirmed using kinetic essays, in which DS 01 promoted death of all metacyclic promastigote cells in 45 minutes. Surprisingly, the immobilized DS 01 molecules displayed electroactivity, as revealed by electrochemical experiments, in which an oxidation peak at about 0.61 V was observed for a DS 01 monolayer deposited on top of a conductive electrode. Su...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - February 9, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Zampa MF, Araújo IM, Costa V, Nery Costa CH, Santos JR, Zucolotto V, Eiras C, Leite JR Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for biological and water applications.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A simple method based on magnetically assisted chemical separation has been developed for analytical purposes. In this method, morin-modified magnetic nanoparticles were used for selective extraction and preconcentration of zinc(II) ions from aqueous and biological solutions. This method combines the simplicity and selectivity of solvent extraction with simple separation of magnetic nanoparticles from solution using a magnet. The influence of different parameters, such as presence of extractant, amount of extractant loaded on the nanoparticles, pH, adsorption time, type, and the least amount of eluent for elution of zi...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 29, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Khajeh M, Khajeh A Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Preparation and in vitro evaluation of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement of thiolated chitosan-pHEMA core-shell nanoparticles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the in vitro mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of thiolated chitosan (chitosan-glutathione)-coated poly(hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate) nanoparticles. Core-shell nanoparticles were prepared by radical emulsion polymerization method initiated by cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate. Different molecular weights of chitosan were utilized for nanoparticles preparation. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles were characterized by size, zeta potential, and thiol content. Incorporation of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FD4, MW 4400 Da), which was used as the model...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 29, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Moghaddam FA, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Renal vascular inflammation induced by Western diet in ApoE-null mice quantified by 19F NMR of VCAM-1 targeted nanobeaconsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: We have designed multifunctional nanoparticulate reporter bioprobes capable of targeting vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), which is up-regulated in numerous inflammatory processes. These perfluorocarbon-cored nanoparticles emit a unique 19F magnetic resonance (MR) signature, providing the potential to localize and quantify VCAM-1 expression in early atherosclerosis. Nanoparticle-VCAM-1 targeting specificity was confirmed by in vitro binding and competition studies. ApoE-null and control C57-BL6 mice (n = 6/group), fed a Western diet for 35 weeks, were injected i.v. with targeted or non-targeted nanopart...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 20, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Richard Southworth, Megan Kaneda, Junjie Chen, Lei Zhang, Huiying Zhang, Xiaoxia Yang, Reza Razavi, Gregory Lanza, Samuel A. Wickline Tags: Diagnostic Nanomedicine, MRI Source Type: journals

Well-defined and potent liposomal hepatitis B vaccines adjuvanted with lipophilic MDP derivativesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, adjuvant-active lipophilic analogues on N-acetyl muramyl dipeptide (MDP) were incorporated in liposomal hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) formulations. The immunoreactivity of the formulations was evaluated and found effective, leading to a potentially enhanced immune response against the delivered antigen. (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 20, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Vikas Jain, Suresh P. Vyas, Dharmveer V. Kohli Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine, Immunology Source Type: journals

PLGA nanoparticle formulations of risperidone: preparation and neuropharmacological evaluationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The aim of this work was to develop extended-release poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles of risperidone and thermal-responsive in situ gel containing risperidone nanoparticles for parenteral (subcutaneous) delivery and to reduce the dose-dependent extrapyramidal side effects of risperidone. PLGA nanoparticles of risperidone were designed by nanoprecipitation method using polymeric stabilizer (Poloxamer 407). The prepared nanoparticles were characterized for particle size by photon correlation spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Poloxamer 407–based in situ gel containing PLGA nanoparticles ...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 20, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Madaswamy S. Muthu, Manoj K. Rawat, Amit Mishra, Sanjay Singh Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine, Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Study of artemisinin nanocapsules as anticancer drug delivery systemsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Artemisinin (ART) crystals were encapsulated with chitosan, gelatin, and alginate for the purpose of controlled release. These polyelectrolytes were alternatively deposited on ART crystals sized about 766 nm through the layer-by-layer technique. Size distribution, zeta potential, and swelling property of ART nanocapsules were measured. The morphology of ART nanocapsules was observed by transmission electron microscopy after dissolution. Release property of ART nanocapsules was measured in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). It was proved that the ART nanocapsules dispersed well in aqueous solutions. Hydrophilicit...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 20, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Youfang Chen, Xianfu Lin, Hyunjin Park, Richard Greever Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine, Pharmacology, Controlled Release Source Type: journals

In vitro interactions between splenocytes and dansylamide dye–embedded nanoparticles detected by flow cytometryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) possess a range of biological activity. In vitro methods for assessing toxicity and efficacy would be enhanced by simultaneous quantitative information on the behavior of NPs in culture systems and signals of cell response. We have developed a method for visualizing NPs within cells using standard flow-cytometric techniques and uniquely designed spherical siloxane NPs with an embedded (covalently bound) dansylamide dye. This method allowed NP visualization without obscuring detection of relevant biomarkers of cell subtype, activation state, and other events relevant to assessing bio...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 20, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Jennifer F. Nyland, Jennifer J.K. Bai, Howard E. Katz, Ellen K. Silbergeld Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine, Method for NP Visualization Source Type: journals

Activated and non-activated PAMAM dendrimers for gene delivery in vitro and in vivoEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, our results showed that G4 and G5 PAMAM dendrimers are an effective nanosystem for gene delivery to colon and liver cancer cells in vitro, as well as for in vivo therapeutic applications.From the Clinical Editor: This paper describes the synthesis and potential applications of mixed nanoparticles prepared with generations 4 and 5 (G4, G5) poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers and plasmid DNA. These mixed nanoparticles proved to be effective for gene delivery to colon and liver cancer cells in vitro, as well as in vivo. (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 20, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Gemma Navarro, Conchita Tros de ILarduya Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine, Gene Delivery Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial sensitivity of Escherichia coli to alumina nanoparticlesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are known to possess strong antimicrobial properties. Aluminum oxide NPs have wide-range applications in industrial as well as personal care products. In the absence of prior reports on the antimicrobial properties of alumina NPs for a wide concentration range, the principal objective of the present work was to study the growth-inhibitory effect of alumina NPs over a wide concentration range (10–1000 μg/mL) on an environmentally relevant gram-negative model microorganism, Escherichia coli. The mean diameter of the NPs was determined to be 179 nm in aqueous dispersion used for th...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 20, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: I. Mohammed Sadiq, Basudev Chowdhury, Natarajan Chandrasekaran, Amitava Mukherjee Tags: Engineering Nanomedicine, Antimicrobial Nanoparticles Source Type: journals

Stepwise formation approach to improve ellipsometric biosensor responseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: In this article we report a technique for improved response of ellipsometric sensors by means of self-assembling molecules and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). First, we have examined the effects of dipping time and solution concentration on formation of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane molecules on glass surfaces. All of the surfaces were characterized by atomic force microscopy, imaging ellipsometry, and contact angle goniometer. Studies performed with ellipsometer showed that monolayers with a thickness of about 1.1 nm were formed when the dipping time was about 2 hours, whereas some disordered aggregates were observed...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - January 20, 2009 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Mustafa O. Çağlayan, Filiz Sayar, Gökhan Demirel, Bora Garipcan, Burcu Otman, Burcu Çelen, Erhan Pişkin Tags: Engineering Source Type: journals

Leishmanicidal Activity and Immobilization of dermaseptin 01 antimicrobial peptides in ultrathin films for nanomedicine applicationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study the antimicrobial peptide dermaseptin 01 (DS 01), from the skin secretion of Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis frogs was immobilized in nanostructured layered films in conjunction with nickel tetrasulfonated phthalocyanines. The leishmanicidal activity of DS 01 was confirmed using kinetic essays, in which DS 01 promoted death of all metacyclic promastigote cells in 45 minutes. Surprisingly, the immobilized DS 01 molecules displayed electroactivity, as revealed by electrochemical experiments, in which an oxidation peak at about 0.61 V was observed for a DS 01 monolayer deposited on top of a conductive electrode. Su...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 19, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Maysa F. Zampa, Inês M.S. Araújo, Vladimir Costa, Carlos H. Nery Costa, José Ribeiro Santos, Valtencir Zucolotto, Carla Eiras, José Roberto S.A. Leite Tags: Diagnostic Nanomedicine, Parasitology, Leishmaniasis Source Type: journals

Self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold promotes the reconstruction of acutely injured brainEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study the effect of SAPNS for the reconstruction of acutely injured brain was investigated. In SAPNS-treated animals the graft integrated well with the host tissue with no obvious gaps. SAPNS may help to reconstruct the acutely injured brain and reduced the glial reaction and inflammation in the surrounding brain tissue. (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 19, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Jiasong Guo, Ka Kit Gilberto Leung, Huanxing Su, Qiuju Yuan, Li Wang, Tak-Ho Chu, Wenming Zhang, Jenny Kan Suen Pu, Gloria Kowk Po Ng, Wai Man Wong, Xiang Dai, Wutian Wu Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine, Preclinical Neurology Source Type: journals

Factorial analyses of photopolymerizable thermoresponsive composite hydrogels for protein deliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: A smart protein delivery system for wound healing applications was developed using composite nanoparticle hydrogels that can release protein in a temperature-responsive manner. This system can also be formed in situ in the presence of ultraviolet light and Irgacure 2959 photoinitiator. The system consists of temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) (PNIPAM-AAm) nanoparticles embedded in a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) matrix. A factorial analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of PEGDA concentration (10% and 15% w/v) and PEGDA molecular weight (MW; 3.4 kDa and 8 kDa), as w...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 19, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Abhimanyu Sabnis, Aniket S. Wadajkar, Pranesh Aswath, Kytai T. Nguyen Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine, Protein Delivery, Hydrogels Source Type: journals

Formation of simvastatin nanoparticles from microemulsionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The present study evaluates a new method to prepare nanoparticles of a poorly water-soluble drug, simvastatin, by evaporation of all solvents from spontaneously formed oil-in-water microemulsions. By this method, microemulsions containing a volatile solvent as an oil phase are converted into nanoparticles in the form of dry non-oily flakes by freeze-drying. The presence of simvastatin in nanoparticles was determined by dispersing the flakes in water and subsequent filtering through a 0.1-μm filter, followed by measuring the simvastatin concentration in the filtrate. It was found that after freeze-drying more tha...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 19, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Katy Margulis-Goshen, Shlomo Magdassi Tags: Engineering Nanomedicine, Pharmacology, Formulation Source Type: journals

Protracted elimination of gold nanoparticles from mouse liverEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The present study aims at revealing the fate of 40-nm gold nanoparticles after intravenous injections. The gold nanoparticles were traced histochemically with light and transmission electron microscopy using autometallographic (AMG) staining, and the gold content in the liver was determined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Gold nanoparticles were identified in almost all Kupffer cells one day after the injection, but the fraction of gold-loaded cells gradually decreased to about one fifth after 6 months. Transmission electron microscopic analysis showed that the gold nanoparticles had a...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 19, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Evaldas Sadauskas, Gorm Danscher, Meredin Stoltenberg, Ulla Vogel, Agnete Larsen, Håkan Wallin Tags: Pharmacological Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Effect of lipid core material on characteristics of solid lipid nanoparticles designed for oral lymphatic deliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are essentially composed of triglyceride(s) that orient to form a polar core with polar heads oriented toward the aqueous phase, resembling chylomicrons. The composition of such SLNs may alter the course of drug absorption predominantly to and through lymphatic route and regions, presumably following a transcellular path of lipid absorption, especially by enterocytes and polar epithelial cells of the intestine. SLNs were prepared using stearic acid, glycerol monostearate, tristearin, and Compritol 888 ATO by solvent diffusion method using demineralized double-distilled water as th...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 17, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Rishi Paliwal, Shivani Rai, Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya, Kapil Khatri, Amit K. Goyal, Neeraj Mishra, Abhinav Mehta, Suresh P. Vyas Tags: Experimental Nanomedicine, Engineering Source Type: journals

Cortisol controlled release by mesoporous silicaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study four types of SBAs were synthesized and then impregnated with hydrocortisone. One is a straight SBA-15, obtained using Pluronics P123 as structuring agent; two others were modified using 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene as additive, and the fourth one was prepared using sodium iodide as additive. Three of these have in common a p6mm symmetry with nanotubes packed hexagonally, yet they differ in their functional groups. The fourth sample is basically disordered. The drug release kinetics showed two stages: a fast-rate early stage dominated by the controlled release of the hydrocortisone adsorbed in the macropores of the...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 17, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Tessy Lopez, Emma Ortiz, Roberto Alexander-Katz, Elena Basaldella, Xim Bokhimi Tags: Basic Nanomedicine, Engineering Source Type: journals

Effect of lipid core material on characteristics of solid lipid nanoparticles designed for oral lymphatic delivery.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are essentially composed of triglyceride(s) that orient to form a polar core with polar heads oriented toward the aqueous phase, resembling chylomicrons. The composition of such SLNs may alter the course of drug absorption predominantly to and through lymphatic route and regions, presumably following a transcellular path of lipid absorption, especially by enterocytes and polar epithelial cells of the intestine. SLNs were prepared using stearic acid, glycerol monostearate, tristearin, and Compritol 888 ATO by solvent diffusion method using demineralized double-distilled water as the disp...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 16, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Paliwal R, Rai S, Vaidya B, Khatri K, Goyal AK, Mishra N, Mehta A, Vyas SP Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Cortisol controlled release by mesoporous silica.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study four types of SBAs were synthesized and then impregnated with hydrocortisone. One is a straight SBA-15, obtained using Pluronics P123 as structuring agent; two others were modified using 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene as additive, and the fourth one was prepared using sodium iodide as additive. Three of these have in common a p6mm symmetry with nanotubes packed hexagonally, yet they differ in their functional groups. The fourth sample is basically disordered. The drug release kinetics showed two stages: a fast-rate early stage dominated by the controlled release of the hydrocortisone adsorbed in the macropores of the...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 15, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Lopez T, Ortiz E, Alexander-Katz R, Basaldella E, Bokhimi X Tags: Nanomedicine Source Type: journals

Self-associated indisulam in phospholipid-based nanomicelles: a potential nanomedicine for cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aimed to begin development of a nanomedicine containing indisulam solubilized in sterically stabilized micelles (SSMs) composed of DSPE-PEG2000 or sterically stabilized mixed micelles (SSMMs) composed of DSPE-PEG2000 plus egg phosphatidylcholine. Micelles were prepared by co-precipitation and reconstitution of drug and lipids. Particle size distributions of micellar formulations were determined by quasi-elastic light scattering. Amounts of solubilized drug were determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). In vitro cytotoxicity of indisulam in nanocarrier was determined on the MCF...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 15, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Hacer Cesur, Israel Rubinstein, Ashwini Pai, Hayat Önyüksel Tags: Basic Nanomedicine, Engineering Source Type: journals

Interaction of colloidal gold nanoparticles with human blood: effects on particle size and analysis of plasma protein binding profilesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study an approximate doubling in nanoparticle hydrodynamic size was observed upon in vitro incubation of 30- and 50-nm colloidal gold in human plasma. Plasma proteins that bind the surface of citrate-stabilized gold colloids have been identified. Effects of protein binding on the nanoparticle hydrodynamic size, elements of coagulation, and the complement system have been investigated. The difference in size measurements obtained from dynamic light scattering, electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopy are also discussed. (Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine)
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 15, 2008 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Marina A. Dobrovolskaia, Anil K. Patri, Jiwen Zheng, Jeffrey D. Clogston, Nader Ayub, Parag Aggarwal, Barry W. Neun, Jennifer B. Hall, Scott E. McNeil Tags: Feature Article Source Type: journals