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Bioactive caffeic acid esters from Glycyrrhiza glabra.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Thin layer chromatography bioautography (using DPPH spray reagent) guided fractionation of Glycyrrhiza glabra led to the isolation of two caffeic acid derivative esters, viz. eicosanyl caffeate (1) and docosyl caffeate (2). The two compounds exhibited potent elastase inhibitory activity, with IC(50) values of 0.99 microg mL(-1) and 1.4 microg mL(-1) for 1 and 2, respectively. The compounds also showed moderate antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays. The results indicate a possible role of caffeic acid derivatives, in addition to flavonoids in the anti-ulcer properties of G. glabra. PMID: 19921583 [...
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Dey S, Deepak M, Setty M, D'Souza P, Agarwal A, Sangli GK Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

A new xenicane norditerpene from the Indian marine gorgonian Acanthogorgia turgida.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Chemical investigation of the liposoluble extract of the gorgonian Acanthogorgia turgida, from Indian coasts, led us to isolate a new xenicane-based norditerpene, isoacalycixeniolide-A (1), along with the known structurally related compounds 2-6. The structure of the norditerpene (1) was elucidated by spectral methods (mainly by NMR techniques), whereas the absolute stereochemistry was suggested by the application of circular dicroism methodology. PMID: 19921584 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Manzo E, Ciavatta ML, Gavagnin M, Villani G, Quaranta C, D'Souza L, Cimino G Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Clausmarin-C: a novel terpenoid coumarin from Clausena pentaphylla.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A novel terpenoid coumarin, clausmarin-C (1), has been isolated from Clausena pentaphylla. Its structure has been established by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR analysis and chemical transformation. PMID: 19921585 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Raj K, Sharma M, Misra N Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Studies on the anti-oedematogenic properties of a fraction rich in lonchocarpin and derricin isolated from Lonchocarpus sericeus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The acute anti-inflammatory properties of a fraction rich in the chalcones lonchocarpin and derricin, from the roots of Lonchocarpus sericeus (HFLS), were studied for the first time, using a paw oedema model induced in rats by various stimuli. Results showed that HFLS (100 and 200 mg kg(-1), i.p.) was ineffective in inhibiting dextran-induced paw oedema. The HFLS (200 mg kg(-1), p.o. or i.p.) also failed to inhibit the bradykinin-induced oedema. In the yeast-elicited oedema, the HFLS (200 mg kg(-1), i.p.) caused inhibitions ranging from 42 to 59% in the first to fourth hours. Orally administered HFLS (200 mg kg(-1)) wa...
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fontenele JB, Leal LK, Felix FH, Silveira ER, Viana GS Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Determination of flavonoid compounds from Saussurea involucrata by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Saussurea involucrata produces several bioactive flavonoids that are derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. To determine these flavonoids, a sensitive high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry method (LC-ESI-MS) was developed. Chromatographic separation was then performed. The gradient elution was optimised to give high recoveries and satisfactory chromatographic resolution. Flavonoid detection was carried out using an ion trap as mass analyser. Parameters of the mass analyser were optimised. We used the validated LC-ESI-MS method to verify the identities of bioactive compounds...
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xu YJ, Zhao DX, Fu CX, Cheng LQ, Wang NF, Han LJ, Ma FS Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

The effect of triptolide on CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the Peyer's patch of DA rats with collagen induced arthritis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the effect of triptolide on the CD4+ and CD8+ cell distribution in Peyer's patch cells and periphery lymphocytes and TGF-beta and IFN-gamma levels in periphery in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) in DA rats. CIA in the rat is a widely studied animal model of inflammatory polyarthritis, with similarities to RA, and the DA rat is one of most susceptible strains for CIA. Our data show that triptolide could lower the arthritic scores of CIA. The more CD8+ cells in the Peyer's patch, the more CD4+ cells in periphery. High level IFN-gamma and low level TGF-beta in periphery are observed in CIA rats...
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xiao C, Zhao L, Liu Z, Lu C, Zhao N, Yang D, Chen S, Tang JC, Chan A, Lu AP Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

In vitro cytotoxic effects of Senecio stabianus Lacaita (Asteraceae) on human cancer cell lines.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study is aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of Senecio stabianus Lacaita (Asteraceae) against renal adenocarcinoma ACHN, hormone-dependent prostate carcinoma LNCaP, amelanotic melanoma C32 and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell lines. The n-hexane extract showed an interesting activity with IC(50) values of 62.7 and 71.1 mug mL(-1) against C32 and LNCaP, respectively. Two compounds identified in the n-hexane extract, linalool and beta-caryophyllene, were found to be active against C32 cells (IC(50) values of 23.2 and 20.1 mug mL(-1), respectively). Among tested constituents, the highest activity was found...
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Menichini F, Dodaro D, Passalacqua NG, Statti G, Menichini F Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Synthesis, phytotoxic, cytotoxic, acetylcholinesterase and butrylcholinesterase activities of N,N'-diaryl unsymmetrically substituted thioureas.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fourteen N,N'-diaryl unsymmetrically substituted thioureas were synthesised and their cytotoxic (in vitro), phytotoxic (in vitro), acetylcholinesterase and butrylcholinesterase activities were determined. Thiourea 16 exhibited high, and 1 and 3 showed significant phytotoxic activity. Thioureas 1, 3, 4, 6 and 10 showed significant activity and 2, 6 and 7 indicated moderate cytotoxic activities. Compound 12 exhibited butrylcholinesterase activity higher than a standard reference. PMID: 19921590 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Begum S, Choudhary MI, Khan KM Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

In vitro cytotoxic and antioxidative activity of Cornus mas and Cotinus coggygria.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cytotoxicity and antioxidant properties of the methanol extracts of leaves and flowers of Cornus mas and Cotinus coggygria were studied, together with their chemical composition. Extracts of C. coggygria flowers and leaves showed better antioxidant activity in reaction with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical as well as in inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LP) than C. mas extracts. Preliminary results showed that all extracts possessed potential cytotoxic activity towards HeLa and LS174 human cancer cell lines in vitro, with stronger inhibition against growth of HeLa cell growth than against LS174 cell growth....
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Savikin K, Zdunic G, Jankovic T, Stanojkovic T, Juranic Z, Menkovic N Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Two new dioxin derivatives from the aerial parts of Lawsonia alba.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
From the aerial parts of Lawsonia alba two new dioxin derivatives, namely 12-[2'-(1', 4'-dioxin-5', 6'-dione)-8''E-undecenyl-dodecanoate (1) and 5-[1'-(docosa-2'E, 5'E-dienyl)]-1,4-dioxin-2,3-dione (2), were isolated and characterised on the basis of spectroscopic methods. PMID: 19921592 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - November 20, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Siddiqui BS, Uddin N, Begum S Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Comparision of the volatile components of unripe and ripe Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The composition of the volatile components from unripe (I) and ripe (II) Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) have been investigated. Seventy-six volatile components were identified, 25 for the first time as volatile constituents of Japanese apricot. The main components were benzaldehyde (I, 59.16%; II, 1.81%), isolongifololyl acetate (II, 19.21%), palmitic acid (I, trace; 10.22%), linalool (I, 9.93%; II, 7.34%), and butyl acetate (II, 8.30%). Unripe Japanese apricot have a green colour due to the main components being aldehydes. On the contrary, ripe Japanese apricot had a fruity note due to the increase of t...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Miyazawa M, Shirakawa N, Utsunomiya H, Inada K, Yamada T Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Microsphaeropsisin A, a new sesquiterpenoid isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus (No. DZ39).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new sesquiterpenoid compound, microsphaeropsisin A (1), together with three known dihydroisocoumarin compounds, (R)-mellein (2), 4-hydroxymellein (3) and 5-hydroxymellein (4) were isolated from the culture of the mangrove fungus (No. DZ39). The structure of the new compound was established by comprehensive spectral analysis, especially 2D NMR spectroscopy. PMID: 19851922 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shao C, Wang C, Li C, She Z, Gu Y, Lin Y Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Persicasulphide C, a new sulphur-containing derivative from Ferula persica.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new sulphur-containing compound, persicasulphide C, was isolated from the roots of Ferula persica, and its structure was characterised by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy as well as HRMS. In addition, closer inspection of NMR spectra of the previously reported polysulphides (persicasulphides A and B) revealed that their structures are slightly different from those reported. In this article, the correct structures of persicasulphides A and B are also presented. PMID: 19851923 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Iranshahi M, Noroozi S, Behravan J, Karimi G, Schneider B Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Separation and elucidation of anthocyanins in the fruit of mockstrawberry (Duchesnea indica Focke).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Anthocyanin pigments in the fruit of mockstrawberry (Duchesnea indica Focke), were extracted with 0.1% HCl in ethanol, and the crude anthocyanin extract was purified by a C18 Sep-Pak cartridge open-column chromatography. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array detection and mass spectrometry (MS) was applied for the isolation and composition analysis of anthocyanins in the fruit of mockstrawberry and their aglycones from acid hydrolysis. Three anthocyanins were found in the fruit of mockstrawberry and they were identified as cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside (61%), peonidin 3-O-rutinoside (34%), and p...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qin C, Li Y, Zhang R, Niu W, Ding Y Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

A new indole alkaloid from Alstonia scholaris.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new indole alkaloid, N-formylscholarine, together with picrinine, strictamine and nareline has been isolated from the fruit pods of Alstonia scholaris, and their structures were established by various spectral data. This is the first report of these alkaloids in A. scholaris fruit pods. PMID: 19851925 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jain L, Pandey MB, Singh S, Singh AK, Pandey VB Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Two new triterpenoid isomers from Nerium oleander leaves.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two new triterpenoid isomers alpha-neriursate (1) and beta-neriursate (2) have been isolated from the fresh, uncrushed leaves of Nerium oleander and their structures elucidated as 3alpha-acetophenoxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid and 3beta-acetophenoxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid, respectively. The structure elucidation is based on spectroscopic methods, including 1D ((1)H NMR, (13)C NMR) and 2D ((1)H-(1)H COSY, NOESY, HMQC, HMBC and J-resolved) NMR data and chemical transformation. PMID: 19851926 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Siddiqui BS, Khatoon N, Begum S, Durrani SA Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Bioactive flavonoids from Satureja atropatana Bonge.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
From the ethyl acetate and methanol extract of the aerial parts of Satureja atropatana Bonge, which belongs to the Lamiaceae family, four flavonoids were isolated. Their structures were determined to be 5,6,3'-trihydroxy-7,8,4'-trimethoxyflavone (1), 5,6-dihydroxy-7,8,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone or 5-desmethoxynobiletin (2), 5,6,4'-trihydroxy-7,8,3'-trimethoxyflavone or thymonin (3) and luteolin (4) using (1)H and (13)C-NMR and MS spectra. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity effects of the crude extracts and isolated compounds were examined. Berberine hydrochloride (LC(50) = 26 microg mL(-1)) was used as a positive control. Among ...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gohari AR, Saeidnia S, Gohari MR, Moradi-Afrapoli F, Malmir M, Hadjiakhoondi A Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Minor sesquiterpenes from the volatile oil from leaves of Guarea guidonia Sleumer (Meliaceae).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The essential oil from leaves of Guarea guidonia was subjected to chromatographic separation procedures to afford nine sesquiterpenes; two of them are new eudesmane derivatives. The chemical structures of the obtained compounds were characterised by spectrometric analysis, mainly mass spectrometry and NMR. PMID: 19851928 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Brochini CB, Roque NF, Lago JH Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

A new myricetin-rhamnodiglucoside from Camellia sinensis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The isolation and structural elucidation of the novel myricetin-3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] from tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) by means of HPLC-MS/MS and various NMR techniques is described. The compound was not present in all tea samples analysed. In the case of white tea, it was detected in 20 out of 40 samples analysed (35-255 mg kg(-1)), in green tea it was detected in 18 out of 35 samples in the same concentration range (37-205 mg kg(-1)), while it was found only in 1 sample (51 mg kg(-1)) of 5 black teas analysed. PMID: 19851929...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hilal Y, Engelhardt UH Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Bacterial production of tetrodotoxin in the pufferfish Arothron hispidus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluates the presence, location and production source of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in two species of pufferfish, Diodon histrix and Arothron hispidus, common to Hawaiian waters. Organs from each fish were analysed for TTX and used to isolate bacteria for evaluation of possible TTX production. Comparative analyses of extracts of fish and bacterial culture media were performed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and a sodium channel specific bioassay. Bacterial cultivation experiments were performed in two different growth media and bacteria were identified through sequence homology of the 16S rRNA gene...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Campbell S, Harada RM, Defelice SV, Bienfang PK, Li QX Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Synthesis and characterisation of seleno-Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. polysaccharide.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this article, the structural properties of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. polysaccharide (CSP) after selenylation were investigated. The crude polysaccharide was obtained from C. songaricum Rupr. by water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation and freeze vacuum drying. Then selenylation of CSP has been accomplished by employing sodium selenite to modify the polysaccharide under the catalysis of nitric acid-barium chloride. After selenylation, the sugar content and the molecular weight increased but the protein content reduced. The maximum selenic content determined by ICP-AES was 2925 microg g(-1). The selenide C...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhang J, Wang FX, Liu ZW, Zhang ST, Zhang YY, Liang JY, Wang YP Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

A chromanone alkaloid from Derris ovalifolia stem.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
From the stem of Derris ovalifolia, a new chromanone alkaloid characterised as 7-methoxy-3-[1-(3-pyridyl)methylidene]-4-chromanone (1) was isolated along with four known compounds, dehydrotoxicarol (2), dehydrodeguelin (3), toxicarol isoflavone (4) and indole-3-carbaldehyde (5). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral data interpretation. The structure of compound 1 has also been confirmed by synthesis. PMID: 19851932 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shankar T, Muthusubramanian S, Gandhidasan R Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Saoussanabiloide, a novel antifungal alkaloid from Echiochilon fruticosum Desf. growing in Tunisia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bioactivity guided fractionation of Echiochilon fruticosum Desf. (Boraginaceae) butanolic extract biautography assay against fungi led to the isolation of a new bioactive alkaloid, named saoussanabiloide (1). Its structure was established on the basis of spectroscopic measurements, IR, MS and 2D NMR using COSY, HMQC and HMBC experiments. The strongest inhibitory effect of the butanolic extract, from fractions derived from the crude extract and saoussanabiloide (1), were observed against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. PMID: 19844820 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hammami S, Mighri N, Ben Jannet H, Boughalleb N, Zardi-Bergaoui A, Nefzi A, Abreu P, Mighri Z Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

A new antioxidant flavonoid from the lianas of Gnetum macrostachyum.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new flavonoid, named 5,7,2'-trihydroxy-5'-methoxyflavone (1), was isolated from the acetone extract of the lianas of Gnetum macrostachyum together with 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavanone (2) and seven known stilbenoids (3-7). The structure of the new compound was determined by interpretation of its spectral data and chemical transformation. The isolated compounds showed radical scavenging activity against DPPH with IC(50) values in the range of 0.21-19.90 mM. PMID: 19844821 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Saisin S, Tip-Pyang S, Phuwapraisirisan P Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Composition and anti-fungal activity of the essential oil from Cameroonian Vitex rivularis Gurke.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of two populations of Vitex rivularis (subgenus Vitex) collected during the flowering phase of the plants was investigated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the main group in both samples, the main compound being germacrene D. This composition is markedly different from that of the other African species, with the exception of Vitex ferruginea subsp. amboniensis, which belongs to the same subgenus as V. rivularis. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and mini...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cabral C, Goncalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Sales F, Boyom F, Salgueiro L Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Synthesis and biological evaluation of pyridinebetaine A and B.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The synthesis of the marine natural products pyridinebetaine A and B is reported. The biological evaluation of pyridinebetaine A and B and several analogues as cytotoxic, antifungal and antiviral agents is also described. Unfortunately, none of the compounds tested showed relevant antifungal or cytotoxic activity. Only pyridinebetaine B reduced the Herpes simplex virus type 1 virus replication, though only weakly. PMID: 19844823 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gonzalez MA, Correa-Royero J, Mesa A, Betancur-Galvis L Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Cytotoxic and anticarcinogenic activity of the ent-kaurene diterpenoid, melissoidesin, from Isodon wightii (Bentham) H. Hara.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Isodon wightii is a common plant found in the Western Ghats of South India. The ent-kaurene diterpenoid melissoidesin, isolated from the leaves of I. wightii, showed significant cytotoxicity against lung cancer and neuroblastoma cell lines with IC(50) values of 6 and 4.2 microg mL(-1), respectively. The prevention of deoxyribose degradation activity of melissoidesin was significant and the IC(50) value was calculated to be 163.1 microg mL(-1). The anticarcinogenic activity of melissoidesin by comet assay showed significant DNA damage protecting activity in a dose-dependent manner. PMID: 19844824 [PubMed - in proces...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Thirugnanasampandan R, Jayakumar R Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Antioxidant activity of inflorescences, leaves and fruits of three Sorbus species in relation to their polyphenolic composition.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The antioxidant potential of 70% methanolic extracts from the inflorescences, leaves and fruits of Sorbus aucuparia, S. aria and S. intermedia was evaluated using three in vitro test systems (DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl; TEAC: trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and FRAP: ferric reducing/antioxidant power). High activities found were expressed as micromoles trolox equivalents per gram dry weight and were in the range of 86.9-956.2 for the DPPH test, 65.3-577.2 for the TEAC assay and 221.1-1915.2 for the FRAP method. Significant linear correlations (R(2) in the range of 0.75-0.98) between these values and th...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Olszewska MA, Michel P Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

A furanocoumarin from Prangos uloptera roots, biological effects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A known furanocoumarin, 8-geranyloxy psoralen, was isolated from n-hexane extract of Prangos uloptera roots by the TLC method. Its structure was determined by comparison of the spectral data with the literature. Cytotoxic effects of the isolated compound were determined by MTT and Tripan blue assays. The antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the compound were evaluated by DPPH assay and agar dilution method, respectively. The MTT assay results showed that 8-geranyloxy psoralen reduced cell viability of Hela and Mc-Coy cell lines with IC(50) values of 0.792 and 0.835 mM, respectively. Based on the Tripan blue asay,...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Razavi SM, Zahri S, Nazemiyeh H, Zarrini G, Mohammadi S, Abolghassemi-Fakhri MA Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Parthenium management by cultural filtrates of phytopathogenic fungi.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study, herbicidal activity of culture filtrates of nine phytopathogenic fungi, namely, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl., Drechslera australiensis (Bugnicourt) Subramanian & Jain, Drechslera hawaiiensis (Curtis and Cooke) Shoemaker, Drechslera biseptata (Saccardo & Roumeguere) Richardson & Fraser., Drechslera rostrata (Drechsler) Ricardson & Fraser, Fusarium oxysporum (Massey) Synd. & Hans., Fusarium solani (Martius) Saccardo., Monilia stophila (Montagne) and Cladosporium sp. (Grey) de Hoff, was evaluated against parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). In laboratory bioassays,...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Javaid A, Adrees H Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Th1/Th2 cytokine production by clove-treated mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although clove possesses several biological and therapeutic properties, its immunomodulatory action has not been fully investigated. The goal of this work was to investigate the effect of administration of the water extract of clove over a short-term to BALB/c mice on Th1 (IFN-gamma and IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokine production. After treatment, spleen cells were aseptically removed and cells were stimulated with concanavalin A. Supernatants of cell cultures were used for cytokine determination by ELISA. The chemical composition of the extract was also carried out, revealing that eugenol(4-allyl-2-methoxypheno...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bachiega TF, Orsatti CL, Pagliarone AC, Missima F, Sousa JP, Bastos JK, Sforcin JM Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Active compounds against tinea pedis dermatophytes from Ageratina pichinchensis var. bustamenta.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Secondary metabolites 5-acetyl-3beta-angeloyloxy-2beta-(1-hydroxyisopropyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofurane (1), 5-acetyl-3beta-angeloyloxy-2beta-(1-hydroxyisopropyl)-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofurane (2), espeletone (3), encecalinol (4), O-methylencecalinol (5), encecalin (6), sonorol (7), taraxerol (8), (+)-beta-eudesmol (9), and a mixture of beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol, were isolated from the aerial parts of Ageratina pichinchensis var. bustamenta. The antimicrobial activity of compounds 6, 8 and 9, together with derivatives 9a and 9b against the most important dermatophytes responsible for tinea pedis infection, Trichop...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 23, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Aguilar-Guadarrama B, Navarro V, Leon-Rivera I, Rios MY Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Two new N-oxide Lycopodium alkaloids from Huperzia serrata.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two new Lycopodium alkaloids, N-oxidehuperzine E (1) and N-oxidehuperzine F (2), along with two known alkaloids, huperzines E (3) and F (4), were isolated from Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical transformations. PMID: 19809906 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wang HB, Tan CH, Tan JJ, Qu SJ, Chen YL, Li YM, Jiang SH, Zhu DY Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Essential oil composition of lady's mantle (Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm.) growing wild in Alpine pastures.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The volatile fraction from the aerial part of Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm. (Rosaceae) was obtained by hydrodistillation, and the chemical composition of the obtained oil was determined by GC/FID and GC/MS. Several compounds were found, belonging to the classes of aldehydes, alcohols, terpenes, esters, acids and hydrocarbons. The major constituents were cis-3-hexenol (11.20+/-0.02%), linalool (10.36+/-0.75%), oct-1-en-3-ol (8.98+/-1.43%), and nonanal (7.83+/-0.93%), followed by myrtenol (4.65+/-0.40%), hexadecanoic acid (4.59+/-0.79%), cis-3-hexenyl acetate (3.92+/-0.15%) and alpha-terpineol (3.10+/-0.26%). PMID: ...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Falchero L, Coppa M, Fossi A, Lombardi G, Ramella D, Tava A Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Methyl gallate is a natural constituent of maple (Genus Acer) leaves.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Methyl gallate was found in ethanolic extracts of red maple (Acer rubrum L.), silver maple (A. saccharinum L.) and sugar maple (A. saccharum Marsh) leaves, but more was present in methanolic extracts. The increased amount of methyl gallate in methanolic extracts was accompanied by a disappearance of m-digallate. It is concluded that only some of the methyl gallate detected in methanolic extracts is an artefact as a result of methanolysis of m-digallate. Its presence in ethanolic extracts is evidence that it is also a natural constituent of maple leaves. PMID: 19809908 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Abou-Zaid MM, Lombardo DA, Nozzolillo C Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

A new acylated quercetin glycoside from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new acylated quercetin glycoside quercetin-3-O-(4'''-O-trans-caffeoyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-galacopyranoside (1), along with luteolin (2), quercetin (3), luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (4), apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (5), quercitrin (6), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-arabinoside (7) and 4,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid (8) have been isolated from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods (1H- and 13C-NMR, IR and MS) and by 2D-NMR experiments. PMID: 19809909 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Li J, Jiang H, Shi R Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Cytotoxic activity of a flavanone from the stem of Bauhinia variegata Linn.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A flavanone has been isolated first time from the stem of Bauhinia variegata, and its structure was identified by colour reactions and spectral analysis. In a search for novel anticancer compounds from medicinal plants, the isolated flavanone was tested for cytotoxic activity against 57 human tumour lines, representing leukaemia, non-small cell lung, colon, central nervous system, melanoma, ovarian, renal, prostate and breast cancers. The results showed that the flavanone has cytotoxic activity against human tumour cell lines. PMID: 19809910 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Rajkapoor B, Murugesh N, Rama Krishna D Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Non-thermal extraction of effective ingredients from Schisandra chinensis Baill and the antioxidant activity of its extract.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine in China and Japan. It has been used as an anti-aging drug, a stimulant, a sedative and a tonic drug. Its active components are lignans, including deoxyschisandrin, gamma-schisandrin, schizandrin, gomisin A, and so on. Both deoxyschisandrin and gamma-schisandrin were proved to have the effect of protection against CCl4-induced hepatic damage. The extraction of deoxyschisandrin and gamma-schisandrin from S. chinensis using classical methods, however, are tedious and time consuming. So, ultrahigh pressure extraction (UHPE) was used to ext...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liu C, Zhang S, Wu H Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Two new insecticidal sesquiterpene esters from Euonymus japonicus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two new insecticidal sesquiterpene esters with a beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene skeleton, ejaponine A (1) and ejaponine B (2), and two known compounds, 3 and 4, were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the root bark of Euonymus japonicus Thunb. by bioassay-guided fractionation. Their chemical structures were elucidated mainly by analysis of MS and NMR spectral data. The LD50 values of ejaponine A (1), ejaponine B (2), 3 and 4 showed against Mythimna separata were 89.2, 98.6, 181.4 and 109.2 microg g(-1), respectively. PMID: 19809912 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhang Q, Ji Z, Wang M, Wu W Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Phenolic and bis-iridoid glycosides from Strychnos cocculoides.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new bis-iridoid glucoside, cocculoside (1), has been isolated, together with five known compounds from Strychnos cocculoides (Loganiaceae), collected in Tanzania. The structure of cocculoside (1) has been determined as an ester dimer of loganin and secologanin dimethyl acetal between C-7 and C-11. PMID: 19809913 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sunghwa F, Koketsu M Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Alkaloids from Piper sarmentosum and Piper nigrum.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Detailed chemical studies on the roots of Piper sarmentosum and Piper nigrum have resulted in several alkaloids. The roots of P. sarmentosum gave a new aromatic compound, 1-nitrosoimino-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene (1). Piper nigrum roots gave pellitorine (2), (E)-1-[3',4'-(methylenedioxy)cinnamoyl]piperidine (3), 2,4-tetradecadienoic acid isobutyl amide (4), piperine (5), sylvamide (6), cepharadione A (7), piperolactam D (8) and paprazine (9). Structural elucidation of these compounds was achieved through NMR and MS techniques. Cytotoxic activity screening of the plant extracts indicated some activity. PMID: 19809914 [...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ee GC, Lim CM, Lim CK, Rahmani M, Shaari K, Bong CF Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Purification of aloe polysaccharides by using aqueous two-phase extraction with desalination.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A PEG6000/(NH4)2SO4 aqueous two-phase system was chosen as the separation system. The effects of NaCl, Gu(SCN)2 and pH on the partitioning of aloe polysaccharide and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied. The result shows that the recovery of aloe polysaccharide was decreased with the increase in pH and the recovery of protein was not changed; NaCl and Gu(SCN)2 can change the partitioning behaviour of the BSA. The separation of BSA and aloe polysaccharides was also carried out. Then, the aloe polysaccharides were obtained by using ultrafiltration membrane. The composition of the polysaccharides was analysed by gas ch...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xing JM, Li FF Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

New cyclopentenones from strain Trichoderma sp. YLF-3.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two new cyclopentenones, trichodermone A (1) and trichodermone B (2), together with a known compound, 3-(3-oxocyclopent-1-enyl) propanoic acid (3), were isolated from the strain Trichoderma sp. YLF-3. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic data. All compounds were assayed for antibacterial activity. Compound 3 showed activity against Staphyloccocus aureus and Bacillus cereus. PMID: 19809916 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Li GH, Zheng LJ, Liu FF, Dang LZ, Li L, Huang R, Zhang KQ Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Five furostanol saponins from fruits of Tribulus terrestris and their cytotoxic activities.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two new furostanol saponins, terrestroside A, 3-O-{beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)]-beta-D-galactopyranosy}-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-L-5a-furost-20(22)-en-(25R)-3beta,26-diol (1) and terrestroside B, 3-O-{beta-D-xylopyran-osyl(1-->3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-galactopyranosy}-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-5a-furostan-12-one-(25R)-22-methoxy-3beta,26-diol (2), together with three known compounds, chloromaloside E (3), terrestrinin B (4) a...
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wang J, Zu X, Jiang Y Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Synthesis of novel acetates of beta-caryophyllene under solvent-free Lewis acid catalysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Acylation of beta-caryophyllene, a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon with acetic anhydride, was carried out under mild catalytic conditions using Lewis acids such as BF3.Et2O, ZnCl2, FeCl3, I2 and AlCl3 as catalysts. Among these, BF3.Et2O was found to catalyse the reaction most efficiently, yielding three acylated products in 75% yield under solvent-free conditions. The structures were confirmed by NMR and MS techniques. PMID: 19809918 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bandna , Jaitak V, Kaul VK, Singh B Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Chemical constituents from the fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ten compounds were isolated from the fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods, the structures of these compounds were elucidated as hippophae cerebroside (1), oleanolic acid (2), ursolic acid (3), 19-alpha-hydroxyursolic acid (4), dulcioic acid (5), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarbox-aldehyde (6), cirsiumaldehyde (7), octacosanoic acid (8), palmitic acid (9) and 1-O-hexadecanolenin (10). Among them, 1 was a new compound, and 4-7 and 10 were obtained from the genus for the first time. PMID: 19809919 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zheng RX, Xu XD, Tian Z, Yang JS Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

An unusual novel anti-oxidant dibenzoyl glycoside from Salvinia natans.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An unusual novel and significant anti-oxidant 1,2-dibenzoyl glycoside, natansnin (1), has been isolated from Salvinia natans. The structure of 1 was established by the study of NMR and CD spectral data. PMID: 19787545 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Natural Product Research)
Source: Natural Product Research - September 17, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Narasimhulu M, Ashalatha K, Sri Laxmi P, Sarma AV, Rama Rao B, Kavi Kishor PB, David Krupadanam GL, Zehra Ali A, Tiwari AK, Panneer Selvam A, Venkateswarlu Y Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Isolation and identification of phenolic compounds from Hypericum richeri Vill. and their antioxidant capacity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The chemical composition and free radical scavenging properties of the MeOH extract of Hypericum richeri and its subsequent CHCl(3), n-BuOH, EtOAc and aqueous extracts were investigated. Four quercetin-3-O-glycosides, three myricetin-3-O-glycosides, 3-O- and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, quercetin, I3,II8-biapigenin, pseudohypericin and hypericin were identified. The constituents of the extracts were quantified using HPLC-DAD (high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector). Isolation of the compounds from n-BuOH and EtOAc extracts was conducted by column chromatography. Antioxidant capacity of the extracts was...
Source: Natural Product Research - September 15, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zdunic G, Gođevac D, Savikin K, Novakovic M, Milosavljevic S, Petrovic S Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Cytotoxic clerodane diterpenoids from the leaves of Polyalthia longifolia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The ethanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula was fractionated to get a hexane-soluble residue, which led to the isolation of four clerodane diterpenes: (-)-3alpha,16alpha-dihydroxycleroda-4(18),13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide (1), (-)-3beta,16alpha-dihydroxycleroda-4(18), 13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide (2), (-)-16alpha-hydroxycleroda-3,13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide (3) and (-)-16-oxocleroda-3,13(14)E-dien-15-oic acid (4). Diterpene 1 is a new compound, while 2 is reported for first time from this plant. Both 1 and 2 were tested for their growth inhibitory activity on four cancer cell lines in vitro. IC(50) values suggest ...
Source: Natural Product Research - September 15, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sashidhara KV, Singh SP, Sarkar J, Sinha S Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals

Mutagenesis and genetic characterisation of amylolytic Aspergillus niger.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Aspergillus niger FCBP-198 was genetically modified for its ability to reveal extra cellular alpha-amylase enzyme activity. From 76 efficient mutants isolated after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, An-UV-5.6 was selected as the most efficient UV mutant, with 76.41 units mL(-1) of alpha-amylase activity compared to wild (34.45 units mL(-1)). In case of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), among 242 survivors, 74 were assayed quantitatively and An-Ch-4.7 was found to be the most competent, as it exhibited a three-fold increase in alpha-amylase activity (89.38 units mL(-1)) than the parental strain. Genetic relationships of the m...
Source: Natural Product Research - September 15, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shafique S, Bajwa R, Shafique S Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: journals