The spectrum of biopsy-proven kidney diseases, causes, and renal outcomes in acute kidney injury patients
This study analyzed the pathological disease spectrum, causes, and renal outcomes of biopsied AKI patients.
Methods:
We retrospectively included 2,027 AKI patients who underwent kidney biopsies at a national clinical research center of kidney diseases from 2013 through 2018. To compare the biopsied AKI cases without and with coexisting glomerulopathy, patients were classified into acute tubular/tubulointerstitial nephropathy-associated AKI (ATIN-AKI) and glomerular disease-associated AKI (GD-AKI) groups.
Results:
Of 2,027 biopsied AKI patients, 65.1% were male, with a median age of 43 years. A total of 1,590 (78.4%) p...
Source: Nephron - April 24, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of renal sarcoidosis: A series study of 18 patients from a single center
Conclusion: RS is a rare but important cause of tubulointerstitial injury, with a favorable long-term prognosis if properly diagnosed and treated promptly. (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - April 19, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Factors Associated with Mortality and Long-Term Outcomes of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury in a Resource Limited Setting
Conclusion: In resource-limited settings, infectious diseases and nephrotic syndrome are common causes of AKI. Factors associated with mortality include breathlessness and hyponatremia.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - April 4, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Real-World Phosphate Binder Use Among Dialysis-Dependent Patients With CKD
Conclusion: Adherence and persistence rates were low with slight variation across PBs. Net positive switching occurred for ferric citrate, sucroferric oxyhydroxide, and lanthanum carbonate. Further studies are needed to determine the reasons for these findings and could i dentify opportunities for better control of phosphate levels among patients with CKD. (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - March 30, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Significance of multinucleated polyploidization of tubular epithelial cells in kidney allografts
Introduction: Multinucleated polyploidization (MNP) of tubular epithelial cells is occasionally observed in kidney allografts. The present study aimed to clarify the clinical and pathological significance of MNP of tubular epithelial cells in kidney allografts.
Methods: Fifty-eight 1-year biopsies from 58 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at our hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were included. MNP was counted in each specimen, and the specimens were divided into two groups by the median value. The differences in clinical and pathological characteristics were compared. Ki67-positive cells were counted...
Source: Nephron - March 24, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Current status and perspectives on recurrent IgA nephropathy after kidney transplantation
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of glomerulonephritis worldwide. IgAN progresses to end-stage kidney disease in 20-40% of patients within 20 years of diagnosis. Kidney transplantation is the most effective option for patients with end-stage kidney disease caused by IgAN, but recurrence can occur in the transplanted kidney. The IgAN recurrence rate varies from 1% to 10% per year, and varies according to the follow-up period, diagnostic modality, and biopsy criteria. Of note, studies based on protocol biopsies have reported a higher incidence of recurrence, which also occurred earlier after transplantation. In...
Source: Nephron - March 24, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
A case of kidney transplantation from a deceased donor with acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis
We report the case of a 34-year-old man with a 15-year history of hemodialysis for chronic renal failure due to congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. The patient received a renal allograft from a young woman who suffered cardiac death. The serum creatinine (sCre) level of the donor at the time of transport was 0.6 mg/dL, and renal ultrasonography revealed no abnormalities in renal morphology or blood flow. Her serum creatine kinase level increased to 57,000 IU/L 58 h after femoral artery cannulation, and sCre level worsened to 1.4 mg/dL, suggesting AKI due to rhabdomyolysis. However, since the urine output ...
Source: Nephron - March 24, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
A case of hypokalemia caused by left native renal artery stenosis in a kidney transplant recipient
A 39-year-old woman with end-stage renal failure of unknown origin was on peritoneal dialysis for 10 years. One year ago, she underwent ABO-incompatible living-donor kidney transplantation from her husband. After the kidney transplantation, her serum creatinine level remained around 0.7 mg/dL, but her serum potassium level remained low at around 3.5 mEq/L despite potassium supplementation and spironolactone. The patient ’s plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were markedly elevated (20 ng/mL/h and 868 pg/mL, respectively). A CT angiogram of the abdomen performed one year previously sugge...
Source: Nephron - March 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Challenges Posed by the Banff Classification: Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Active T-Cell-Mediated Rejection
The three primary sites of acute T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) in transplanted kidneys are the tubular epithelial cells, interstitium, and the vascular endothelial cells. The pathology of acute lesions is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration; the final diagnosis suggested by the Banff 2019 classification is guided by grading of tubulitis (the t score), interstitial inflammation (the i score), and endarteritis (the v score). Consistent major issues when using the Banff classification are the etiological classifications of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). From 2015 to 2019, technological advanc...
Source: Nephron - March 16, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Challenges Posed by the Banff Classification: Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic active T-cell mediated Rejection
The three primary sites of acute T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) in transplanted kidneys are the tubular epithelial cells, interstitum, and the vascular endothelial cells. The pathology of acute lesions is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration; the final diagnosis suggested by the Banff 2019 classification is guided by grading of tubulitis (the t-score), interstitial inflammation (the i score), and endarteritis (the v score). Consistent major issues when using the Banff classification are the etiological classifications of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). From 2015 to 2019, technological advance...
Source: Nephron - March 16, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Bartter Syndrome-Related Variants Distribution: Brazilian Data and Its Comparison with Worldwide Cohorts
Conclusion: This study expands the genetic spectrum of BS patients with different ethnics, reveals some genotype/phenotype correlations, compares the findings with other cohorts, and provides a systematic review of the literature on the distribution of BS-related variants worldwide.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - March 7, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Thin Basement Membrane: An Underrated Cause of End-Stage Renal Disease
The term “thin basement membrane” (TBM) refers to a glomerular disorder characterized by diffuse uniform thinning of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) on electron microscopy. Patients with TBM usually show an isolated hematuria with excellent renal prognosis. However, some patients can develop prote inuria and progressive kidney dysfunction in the long term. Most patients with TBM are heterozygous for pathogenic variants in genes encoding for both the α3 and α4 chains of collagen IV, a major constituent of GBM. Such variants are responsible for a wide range of clinical and histological phenot ypes. The different...
Source: Nephron - March 7, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Identification of a Splicing Variant c.3813-3A & gt;G in < i > NPHP3 < /i > by Reanalysis of Whole Exome Sequencing in a Chinese Boy with Nephronophthisis
We reported a case of 4-year-old Chinese boy presented with severe anemia, kidney, and liver dysfunction. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the candidate variant with a negative result initially. After complete collection of clinical information, reanalysis of WES identified a homozygousNPHP3 variant c.3813-3Agt;G (NM_153240.4). The effect on mRNA splicing of the intronic variant was predicted through software (three in silico splice tools). Furthermore, in vitro minigene assay was conducted to validate the predicted deleterious effects of the intronic variant. All of the splice prediction programs and...
Source: Nephron - March 6, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Identification of a splicing variant c.3813-3A > G in NPHP3 by reanalysis of whole exome sequencing in a Chinese boy with nephronophthisis
We reported a case of 4-year-old Chinese boy presented with severe anemia, kidney and liver dysfunction. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the candidate variant with a negative result initially. After complete collection of clinical information, reanalysis of WES identified a homozygous NPHP3 variant c.3813-3A>G (NM_153240.4). The effect on mRNA splicing of the intronic variant was predicted through software (three in silico splice tools). Furthermore, in vitro minigene assay was conducted to validate the predicted deleterious effects of the intronic variant. All of the splice prediction programs and m...
Source: Nephron - March 6, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Leptospirosis: A Potential Culprit for Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology
Conclusion: These data suggest that exposure toLeptospira infection could be one of the possible causative factors for the occurrence of AINu, which may lead to CKDu in Sri Lanka.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - February 21, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
