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(Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

Erratum to “TNFR-associated factor-2 (TRAF-2) in Alzheimer’s disease” [Culpan et al. (Neurobiol Aging 2009 July;30(7):1052-60)]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the article “TNFR-associated factor-2 (TRAF-2) in Alzheimer’s disease” by Culpan et al. (Neurobiol Aging 2009 July;30(7):1052-60), the 9th author’s name should be David Craig. (Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Doris Culpan, Dougal Cram, Kate Chalmers, Abigail Cornish, Laura Palmer, Jennifer Palmer, Anthony Hughes, Peter Passmore, David Craig, Gordon K. Wilcock, Patrick G. Kehoe, Seth Love Source Type: journals

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(Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

Temporoparietal atrophy: A marker of AD pathology independent of clinical diagnosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) can present with non-amnestic clinical syndromes. We investigated whether there is an imaging signature of AD pathology in these atypical subjects. We identified 14 subjects that had pathological AD, a non-amnestic presentation (i.e. atypical AD), and MRI. These subjects were matched to 14 with clinical and pathological AD (i.e. typical AD), 14 with the same non-amnestic presentations with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) pathology, and 20 controls. Voxel-based morphometry and region-of-interest (ROI) analysis were used to assess patterns of grey matter loss. Loss was observed in the te...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 13, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Whitwell JL, Jack CR, Przybelski SA, Parisi JE, Senjem ML, Boeve BF, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Dickson DW, Josephs KA Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Prominent hippocampal CA3 gene expression profile in neurocognitive aging.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Research in aging laboratory animals has characterized physiological and cellular alterations in medial temporal lobe structures, particularly the hippocampus, that are central to age-related memory deficits. The current study compares molecular alterations across hippocampal subregions in a rat model that closely mirrors individual differences in neurocognitive features of aging humans, including both impaired memory and preserved function. Using mRNA profiling of the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus subregions, we have distinguished between genes and pathways related to chronological age and those associated with impaired ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 12, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Haberman RP, Colantuoni C, Stocker AM, Schmidt AC, Pedersen JT, Gallagher M Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

More is less: Emotion induced prefrontal cortex activity habituates in aging.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several recent studies have documented age-related changes in brain activity-less amygdala activity and higher prefrontal activity in response to emotional stimuli. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined whether aging also affects the maintenance of activity to emotional stimuli and whether maintenance differs by the valence (negative, neutral and positive) of the pictures. Younger participants had a larger volume of activity in the amygdala but less in the prefrontal cortex than the old. The old showed more habituation to highly arousing negative but not positive or neutral stimuli in prefront...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 12, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Roalf DR, Pruis TA, Stevens AA, Janowsky JS Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Diffusion tensor imaging and Tract-Based Spatial Statistics in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We aimed to explore the changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) by analyzing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data using the Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). DTI data were collected from 17 AD patients, 27 MCI subjects and 19 healthy controls. Voxel-based analysis with TBSS was used to compare FA among the three groups. Additionally, guided by TBSS findings, a region of interest (ROI)-based analysis along the TBSS skeleton was performed on group-level and the accuracy of the method was assessed by the back-projection of ROIs to the native s...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 11, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Liu Y, Spulber G, Lehtimäki KK, Könönen M, Hallikainen I, Gröhn H, Kivipelto M, Hallikainen M, Vanninen R, Soininen H Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Age-related brain pathology in Octodon degu: Blood vessel, white matter and Alzheimer-like pathology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Recently it has been shown that over 3-year-old wild-type South American rodents, Octodon degus, the "common degu" or degu, of their own accord develop Alzheimer's disease neuropathological hallmarks: amyloid-beta-peptide depositions and accumulation of tau-protein. Here we analyzed brains of 1-, 3- and 6-year-old degu's, bred in standard animal facilities. Significant amounts of Abeta and tau deposits are present in the hippocampal formation of 6-year-old O. degus, primarily in the white matter, but these hippocampal Abeta and tau deposits are not present in younger ones. In contrast, significant Abeta deposits in blo...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 10, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: van Groen T, Kadish I, Popović N, Popović M, Caballero-Bleda M, Baño-Otálora B, Vivanco P, Rol MA, Madrid JA Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Pre-motor signs of PD are related to SN hyperechogenicity assessed by TCS in an elderly population.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Much effort has been put in the identification of risk factors and pre-motor markers for Parkinson's disease (PD). In contrast to many of the pre-motor markers, SN hyperechogenicity (SN+) assessed by transcranial sonography (TCS) has been found to be conclusive for vulnerability for PD. In two centers in Germany 1204 individuals >/=50 years without the diagnosis of PD were recruited and the prevalence and relation of SN+ to a range of pre-motor markers was evaluated. SN+ was detected in 193 (16.0%) of 1204 subjects. Hyposmia (25.4%) was the most frequent sign in the cohort, followed by the occurrence of slight motor...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 6, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Liepelt I, Behnke S, Schweitzer K, Wolf B, Godau J, Wollenweber F, Dillmann U, Gaenslen A, Di Santo A, Maetzler W, Berg D Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Aging-related changes in calcium-binding proteins in rat perirhinal cortex.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dysregulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis has been linked to neuropathological symptoms observed in aging and age-related disease. Alterations in the distribution and relative frequency of calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs), which are important in regulating intracellular calcium levels, may contribute to disruption of calcium homeostasis. Here we examined the laminar distribution of three CaBPs in rat perirhinal cortex (PR) as a function of aging. Calbindin-D28k (CB), parvalbumin (PV), and calretinin (CR) were compared in adult (4 mo.), middle-aged (13 mo.) and aged (26 mo.) rats. Results show an aging-related ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Moyer JR, Furtak SC, McGann JP, Brown TH Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

No replication of genetic association between candidate polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Alzheimer's disease is a genetically complex disorder, for which new putative susceptibility genes are constantly proposed in the literature. We selected 16 candidate genes involved in biological pathways closely related to the pathology, and for which a genetic association with Alzheimer's disease was previously detected: ACE, BACE1, BDNF, ECE1, HSPG2, IDE, IL1a, IL6, IL10, MAPT, PLAU, PrnP, PSEN1, SORL1, TFCP2 and TGFb1. The variants originally associated with the disease were genotyped in a French Caucasian sample including 428 cases and 475 controls and tested for association in order to replicate the initial resul...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - November 2, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Cousin E, Macé S, Rocher C, Dib C, Muzard G, Hannequin D, Pradier L, Deleuze JF, Génin E, Brice A, Campion D Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Tonic Premarin dose-dependently enhances memory, affects neurotrophin protein levels and alters gene expression in middle-aged rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Premarin is the most commonly prescribed estrogenic component of hormone therapy, given since 1942. The current study is the first examining cognitive effects of tonic Premarin treatment in an animal model. Middle-aged ovariectomized (Ovx) rats received vehicle or one of three doses of Premarin (12, 24 or 36mug daily). Rats were tested on a spatial working and reference memory maze battery. Both medium- and high-dose Premarin enhanced memory retention, while low-dose Premarin impaired learning and memory retention. Correlations with serum hormone levels showed that as the ratio of estrone:17beta-estradiol increased, an...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 31, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Engler-Chiurazzi E, Tsang C, Nonnenmacher S, Liang WS, Corneveaux JJ, Prokai L, Huentelman MJ, Bimonte-Nelson HA Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Effects of early aging and cerebral hypoperfusion on spreading depression in rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a feature of stroke pathophysiology. As stroke incidence increases with age, we have examined the effects of early aging and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on CSD in rats. Three groups were studied: Young, 2-month-old animals; Middle-aged-2VO, subjected to 8 months of bilateral carotid occlusion from 2-month-of-age; and Middle-aged-SHAM, sham-operated. At 2- and 10-month-of-age for the Young and Middle-aged groups, recurrent CSD were induced under halothane anesthesia, by sustained application of 1M KCl to the cortex for 2h. Propagating CSD (i.e., cortical EEG, direct current pote...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 31, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Farkas E, Obrenovitch TP, Institóris A, Bari F Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Single domain amnestic MCI: A multiple cognitive domains fMRI investigation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) is associated with the highest annual incidence of conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) (10-15%). a-MCI patients may have only a memory deficit (single domain: sd-a-MCI) or additional dysfunctions affecting other cognitive domains (multiple domain: md-a-MCI). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated brain activation in 16 sd-a-MCI patients and 14 controls during four different tasks assessing language, memory, attention and empathy functions. We found greater activation in sd-a-MCI compared with controls in the left inferior temporal gyrus (languag...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 30, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Lenzi D, Serra L, Perri R, Pantano P, Lenzi GL, Paulesu E, Caltagirone C, Bozzali M, Macaluso E Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Salivary cortisol, APOE-varepsilon4 allele and cognitive decline in a prospective study of older persons.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that in this older non-demented population APOE-varepsilon4 carriers may be more vulnerable to the potential detrimental effect of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction on verbal memory performance. PMID: 19879666 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 29, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Gerritsen L, Comijs HC, Deeg DJ, Penninx BW, Geerlings MI Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

The posterior parahippocampal gyrus is preferentially affected in age-related memory decline.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Atrophy in the medial temporal lobe is generally considered to be highly associated with age-related memory decline. Volume loss in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex has extensively been investigated, but the posterior parts of the parahippocampal gyrus have received little attention. The present MRI study investigated whether volume differences in medial temporal lobe areas are differentially related to age-related memory decline. Thirty-nine subjects from a longitudinal study on cognitive aging (the Maastricht Aging Study) have been examined: 20 participants (mean age=67 years, range 52-80) with memory decline ov...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 29, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Burgmans S, van Boxtel MP, van den Berg KE, Gronenschild EH, Jacobs HI, Jolles J, Uylings HB Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Urine formaldehyde level is inversely correlated to mini mental state examination scores in senile dementia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is widely known that exogenous formaldehyde exposure induces human cognitive impairment and animal memory loss; and recent studies show that formaldehyde at pathological levels induces Abeta deposition and misfolding of tau protein to form globular amyloid-like aggregates. Endogenous formaldehyde may be a marker for progressive senile dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of endogenous formaldehyde in urine of senile dementia and mini mental state examination (MMSE) scores. Formaldehyde level was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (with fluorescence detection) in human ur...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 28, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Tong Z, Zhang J, Luo W, Wang W, Li F, Li H, Luo H, Lu J, Zhou J, Wan Y, He R Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Different MAPT haplotypes are associated with Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The H1 MAPT haplotype in the 17q21 chromosomal region has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. Some reports have suggested that there is an association between genetic variants within the H1 haplotype with Parkinson's disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD). Here we report a genetic association study using seven SNPs located along the 17q21 region, in PD patients and controls. In addition, we compared these results with a dataset of previously published PSP/CBD patients from the same population. Our results show that the H1-rs242557(G) allele sub-haplot...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 28, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Ezquerra M, Pastor P, Gaig C, Vidal J, Cruchaga C, Muñoz E, Martí MJ, Valldeoriola F, Aguilar M, Calopa M, Hernandez-Vara J, Tolosa E Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

F1 (CBAxC57) mice show superior hearing in old age relative to their parental strains: Hybrid vigor or a new animal model for "Golden Ears"?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Age-related hearing loss - presbycusis - is the most common communication problem and third most prevalent chronic medical disorder of the aged. The CBA and C57BL/6 mouse strains are useful for studying features of presbycusis. The CBA loses its hearing slowly, like most humans. Because the C57 develops a rapid, high frequency hearing loss by middle age, it has an "old" ear but a relatively young brain, a model that helps separate peripheral (cochlear) from central (brain) etiologies. This field of sensory neuroscience lacks a good mouse model for the 5-10% of aged humans with normal cochlear sensitivity, but who have ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 28, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Frisina RD, Singh A, Bak M, Bozorg S, Seth R, Zhu X Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Urocortin modulates dopaminergic neuronal survival via inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and histone deacetylase.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Urocortin (UCN) is a member of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family of neuropeptides that regulates stress responses. Although UCN is principally expressed in dopaminergic neurons in rat substantia nigra (SN), the function of UCN in modulating dopaminergic neuronal survival remains unclear. Using primary mesencephalic cultures, we demonstrated that dopaminergic neurons underwent spontaneous cell death when their age increased in culture. Treatment of mesencephalic cultures with UCN markedly prolonged the survival of dopaminergic neurons, whereas neutralization of UCN with anti-UCN antibody accelerated dopam...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 27, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Huang HY, Lin SZ, Chen WF, Li KW, Kuo JS, Wang MJ Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

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(Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

Editorial Advisory BoardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

Age-dependent decline of blood-brain barrier P-glycoprotein expression in the canine brain.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the thorough analysis of P-glycoprotein expression rates in non-laboratory dogs revealed a significant decline with aging. The data strongly support the concept that age-dependent changes might predispose to neurodegenerative diseases. In the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease which is modelled by diffuse plaques in the canine brain, an up-regulation of P-glycoprotein might act as a compensatory mechanism to enhance Abeta efflux from the brain. Future studies are necessary to further evaluate the correlation between Abeta deposits and P-glycoprotein expression in different phases of the disease. P...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 14, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Pekcec A, Schneider EL, Baumgärtner W, Stein VM, Tipold A, Potschka H Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Mechanisms underlying basal and learning-related intrinsic excitability in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Accumulations of beta-amyloid (Abeta) contribute to neurological deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The effects of Abeta on basal neuronal excitability and learning-related AHP plasticity were examined using whole-cell recordings from hippocampal neurons in the 5XFAD mouse model of AD. A robust increase in Abeta42 (and elevated levels of Abeta38-40) in naïve 5XFAD mice was associated with decreased basal neuronal excitability, evidenced by a select increase in Ca(2+)-sensitive afterhyperpolarization (AHP). Moreover, trace fear deficits observed in a subset of 5XFAD weak-learner mice were associated...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 12, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kaczorowski CC, Sametsky E, Shah S, Vassar R, Disterhoft JF Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Abnormal neuronal networks and seizure susceptibility in mice overexpressing the APP intracellular domain.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Alterations in the processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) lead to familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD patients exhibit increased seizure susceptibility and alterations in their EEGs, which suggests that APP and its metabolites may modulate neuronal networks. Here we demonstrate that transgenic mice overexpressing APP intracellular domain (AICD) and its binding partner Fe65 exhibit abnormal spiking events and a susceptibility to induced seizures. These abnormalities are not observed in PDAPP(D664A) mice, which express high Abeta levels but harbor a mutation in the APP intracellular domain. These data sugges...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - October 11, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Vogt DL, Thomas D, Galvan V, Bredesen DE, Lamb BT, Pimplikar SW Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Reduced serine racemase expression contributes to age-related deficits in hippocampal cognitive function.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To gain insight into the contribution of d-serine to impaired cognitive aging, we compared the metabolic pathway and content of the amino acid as well as d-serine-dependent synaptic transmission and plasticity in the hippocampus of young and old rats of the Wistar and Lou/C/Jall strains. Wistar rats display cognitive impairments with aging that are not found in the latter strain, which is therefore considered a model of healthy aging. Both mRNA and protein levels of serine racemase, the d-serine synthesizing enzyme, were decreased in the hippocampus but not in the cerebral cortex or cerebellum of aged Wistar rats, wher...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 30, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Turpin FR, Potier B, Dulong JR, Sinet PM, Alliot J, Oliet SH, Dutar P, Epelbaum J, Mothet JP, Billard JM Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Glucose metabolism and PIB binding in carriers of a His163Tyr presenilin 1 mutation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Six young related pre-symptomatic carriers of a His163Tyr mutation in the presenilin 1 gene who will develop early onset familial Alzheimer's disease (eoFAD), and a control group of 23 non-carriers underwent (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET). The mutation carriers were followed-up after 2 years. Multivariate analysis showed clear separation of carriers from non-carriers on both occasions, with the right thalamus being the region contributing most to group differentiation. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) revealed in the carriers non-significantly lower thalamic cerebral glucose metabol...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 28, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Schöll M, Almkvist O, Axelman K, Stefanova E, Wall A, Westman E, Långström B, Lannfelt L, Graff C, Nordberg A Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry in posterior cortical atrophy and typical Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A significant minority of Alzheimer's disease patients present with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA). PCA is characterized by visuospatial and visuoperceptual deficits, and relatively preserved memory, whereas patients with typical Alzheimer's disease (tAD) mostly present with early episodic memory deficits. We used two unbiased image analysis techniques to assess atrophy patterns in 48 PCA, 30 tAD, and 50 healthy controls. FreeSurfer was used to measure cortical thickness, and volumetric grey matter differences were assessed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Both PCA and tAD showed widespread reductions compared wi...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 23, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Lehmann M, Crutch SJ, Ridgway GR, Ridha BH, Barnes J, Warrington EK, Rossor MN, Fox NC Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Gigaxonin mutation analysis in patients with NIFID.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID) is a frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) characterized by frontotemporal dementia (FTD), pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs. The disease is histologically characterized by the presence of abnormal neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs) which contain alpha-internexin and other neuronal intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Gigaxonin (GAN) is a cytoskeletal regulating protein and the genetic cause of giant axonal neuropathy. Since the immunoreactive profile of NCIs in NIFID is similar to that observed in brain sections from Gan(Deltaex1/Deltaex1) mice, we specu...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 23, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Dequen F, Cairns NJ, Bigio EH, Julien JP Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Age-related changes in the functional neuroanatomy of overt speech production.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Alterations of existing neural networks during healthy aging, resulting in behavioral deficits and changes in brain activity, have been described for cognitive, motor, and sensory functions. To investigate age-related changes in the neural circuitry underlying overt non-lexical speech production, functional MRI was performed in 14 healthy younger (21-32 years) and 14 healthy older individuals (62-84 years). The experimental task involved the acoustically cued overt production of the vowel /a/ and the polysyllabic utterance /pataka/. In younger and older individuals, overt speech production was associated with the activ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 23, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sörös P, Bose A, Sokoloff LG, Graham SJ, Stuss DT Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

The wake-promoting effects of hypocretin-1 are attenuated in old rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Disruption of sleep is a frequent complaint among elderly humans and is also evident in aged laboratory rodents. The neurobiological bases of age-related sleep/wake disruption are unknown. Given the critical role of the hypocretins in sleep/wake regulation, we sought to determine whether the wake-promoting effect of hypocretin changes with age in Wistar rats, a strain in which age-related changes in both sleep and hypocretin signaling have been reported. Intracerebroventricular infusions of hypocretin-1 (10 and 30mug) significantly increased wake time relative to vehicle in both young (3mos) and old (25mos) Wistar rats...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 22, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Morairty SR, Wisor J, Silveira K, Sinko W, Kilduff TS Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Reduced levels of IgM autoantibodies against N-truncated pyroglutamate Abeta in plasma of patients with Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present work, we investigated the level of IgM autoantibodies directed against different Abeta epitopes as potential diagnostic biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Anti-Abeta autoantibody levels were measured in 75 plasma samples from patients with AD, individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy age- and sex-matched controls (HC). To validate the presence of anti-Abeta IgMs, pooled plasma samples were subjected to gel-filtration analysis. The mean level of pGluAbeta-IgM (N-terminal truncated starting at position three with pyroglutamate) was significantly decreased in AD patients as compare...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 22, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Marcello A, Wirths O, Schneider-Axmann T, Degerman-Gunnarsson M, Lannfelt L, Bayer TA Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

No association between high temperature requirement 1 (HTRA1) gene polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
High temperature requirement 1 (HTRA1) gene is a plausible risk factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) as it encodes a protease known to degrade amyloid-beta peptide. Here we have studied whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HTRA1 gene or its nearby regions associated with AD in a large clinic-based case-control cohort originating from Finland. We did not observe significant association of the HTRA1 SNPs with AD among the whole case-control cohort or age-at-onset risk effect among AD patients. PMID: 19783326 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 21, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Turunen M, Vepsäläinen S, Mäkinen P, Helisalmi S, Haapasalo A, Soininen H, Hiltunen M Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Expression of the HFE allelic variant H63D in SH-SY5Y cells affects tau phosphorylation at serine residues.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A number of genetic association studies have appeared that address HFE gene variants in neurodegenerative disorders. However, the cellular impact of HFE in the nervous system has received little attention. To begin to address the role of the HFE allelic variants on cellular events associated with neurodegeneration, we examined the hypothesis that HFE polymorphisms are associated with alterations in tau phosphorylation in a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). The results show that in a cell culture model, the H63D allele is associated with increased tau phosphorylation. The mechanisms responsible for these changes ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 20, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hall EC, Lee SY, Mairuae N, Simmons Z, Connor JR Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Alzheimer's disease as homeostatic responses to age-related myelin breakdown.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The amyloid hypothesis (AH) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) posits that the fundamental cause of AD is the accumulation of the peptide amyloid beta (Abeta) in the brain. This hypothesis has been supported by observations that genetic defects in amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin increase Abeta production and cause familial AD (FAD). The AH is widely accepted but does not account for important phenomena including recent failures of clinical trials to impact dementia in humans even after successfully reducing Abeta deposits. Herein, the AH is viewed from the broader overarching perspective of the myelin model of ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 20, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Bartzokis G Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Cystatin C is released in association with exosomes: A new tool of neuronal communication which is unbalanced in Alzheimer's disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It has recently become clear that proteins associated with neurodegenerative disorders can be selectively incorporated into intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies and subsequently released within exosomes. Multiple lines of research support a neuroprotective role for cystatin C in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein we demonstrate that cystatin C, a protein targeted to the classical secretory pathway by its signal peptide sequence, is also secreted by mouse primary neurons in association with exosomes. Immunoproteomic analysis using SELDI-TOF MS revealed the presence in exosomes of at least 9 different cystatin C ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 18, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Ghidoni R, Paterlini A, Albertini V, Glionna M, Monti E, Schiaffonati L, Benussi L, Levy E, Binetti G Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Enhancement of dentate gyrus neurogenesis, dendritic and synaptic plasticity and memory by a neurotrophic peptide.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pharmacological enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis is a therapeutic approach for improvement of cognition in learning and memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Here we report the development of an 11-mer peptide that we designed based on a biologically active region of the ciliary neurotrophic factor. This peptide, Peptide 6, induced proliferation and increased survival and maturation of neural progenitor cells into neurons in the dentate gyrus of normal adult C57BL6 mice. Furthermore, Peptide 6 increased the MAP2 and synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus. Thirty-day treatment of the mice wit...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 17, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Chohan MO, Li B, Blanchard J, Tung YC, Heaney AT, Rabe A, Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Constitutive Ret signaling is protective for dopaminergic cell bodies but not for axonal terminals.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ret is the canonical signaling receptor for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which has been shown to have neuroprotective effects when administered prior to neurotoxic challenge. A missense Meth918Thr mutation causes the constitutive activation of Ret, resulting in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 B (MEN2B). To clarify the role of Ret signaling in neuroprotection, we studied the effects of the neurotoxins 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on the dopaminergic system of mice carrying the MEN2B mutation. We found that MEN2B mice were significantly more...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 17, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Mijatovic J, Piltonen M, Alberton P, Männistö PT, Saarma M, Piepponen TP Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

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Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

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Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

Special Issue on ADNI Studies: Original Research From the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Data BankEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
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Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Call for papers Source Type: journals

Editorial Advisory BoardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
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Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 16, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

Maturation of BRI2 generates a specific inhibitor that reduces APP processing at the plasma membrane and in endocytic vesicles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Processing of the amyloid-beta (Abeta) precursor protein (APP) has been extensively studied since it leads to production of Abeta peptides. Toxic forms of Abeta aggregates are considered the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). On the other end, BRI2 is implicated in APP processing and Abeta production. We have investigated the precise mechanism by which BRI2 modulates APP cleavages and have found that BRI2 forms a mature BRI2 polypeptide that is transported to the plasma membrane and endosomes where it interacts with mature APP. Notably, immature forms of APP and BRI2 fail to interact. Mature BRI2 inhibits APP processin...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 10, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Matsuda S, Matsuda Y, Snapp EL, D'Adamio L Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

Progression from MCI to AD: Predictive value of CSF Abeta42 is modified by APOE genotype.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Abeta42 was a stronger predictor of progression to AD in APOE varepsilon4 non-carriers than in carriers. Furthermore, the risk of progression for varepsilon4 homozygotes was very high, also in patients with normal levels of Abeta42. PMID: 19748159 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 9, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kester MI, Verwey NA, van Elk EJ, Blankenstein MA, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals

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Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 2, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

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Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 2, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

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(Source: Neurobiology of Aging)
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 2, 2009 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: journals

Atrial fibrillation, stroke and dementia in the very old: A population-based study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We explored the association of chronic AF with stroke, dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) among community-dwelling elderly people. The study population consisted of 685 individuals from Stockholm (The Kungsholmen Project) who were aged 78 years and were free of dementia and clinical stroke. During the 6-year follow-up, 170 subjects developed dementia, and 86 persons experienced first-ever stroke. The incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) of dementia, AD and first-ever stroke was 72.3, 52.2, and 52.2 in persons with AF and 63.8, 54.6 and 30.6 in those without AF, respectively. AF was associated with the hazard ratio...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - September 1, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Marengoni A, Qiu C, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: journals