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Serum folate is a reliable indicator of hyperhomocysteinemia and borderline hyperhomocysteinemia in young adultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study had a cross-sectional design. Healthy young adults were divided into either a hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy; ≥14.9 μmol/L; n = 13), borderline HHcy (BHcy; fasting homocysteine, 14.9-10.2 μmol/L; n = 52), or normohomocysteinemia (fasting homocysteine, (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Chien-Hsiang Cheng, Tsung-Po Tsai, Wan-Shin Chen, Yi-Chia Huang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Athletes' dietary intake was closer to French RDA's than those of young sedentary counterpartsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, practicing a sport may allow athletes to balance their energy intake and expenditure and could be a good way to have a nutritional status closer to RDAs. Educational programs for students on proper food selection, eating habits and physical activity are needed to improve the nutritional status of these young French adults, particularly in sedentary students. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Murielle Garcin, Laetitia Doussot, Laurence Mille-Hamard, Veronique Billat Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Reduction of serum lipids by soy protein and soluble fiber is not associated with the ABCG5/G8, apolipoprotein E, and apolipoprotein A1 polymorphisms in a group of hyperlipidemic Mexican subjectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Several studies have evaluated the effect of soy protein or soluble fiber on serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic subjects, with different results. We hypothesized that this response is associated with the presence of polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in lipoprotein metabolism or reverse cholesterol transport. Thus, the aims of the present work were to study the effectiveness of a dietary portfolio consisting of a combination of soy protein and soluble fiber integrated in a low saturated fat (LSF) diet on blood lipids in a Mexican group with hyperlipidemia and to determine the association bet...
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Nimbe Torres, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Julio Granados, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón, Berenice González-Palacios, Victoria E. Ramos-Barragan, Gabriela Quiroz-Olguín, Isabel M. Flores-Islas, Armando R. Tovar Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Additive postprandial blood glucose–attenuating and satiety-enhancing effect of cinnamon and acetic acidEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the significant effect of the combination of cinnamon and acetic acid on blood glucose and satiety immediately after meal intake indicated an additive effect of the 2 substances. Whether larger doses of cinnamon and acetic acid may result in a more substantial additive effect on blood glucose or satiety remains to be investigated. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Samuel Mettler, Isaline Schwarz, Paolo C. Colombani Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Both human immunodeficiency virus–infected and human immunodeficiency virus–exposed, uninfected children living in Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico have similar rates of low concentrations of retinol, β-carotene, and vitamin EEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Our objective was to describe the prevalence of low concentrations of retinol, β-carotene, and vitamin E in a group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Latin American children and a comparison group of HIV-exposed, uninfected children. Our hypothesis was that the rates of low concentrations of these micronutrients would be higher in the HIV-infected group than those in the HIV-exposed, uninfected group. This was a cross-sectional substudy of a larger cohort study at clinical pediatric HIV centers in Latin America. Serum levels of micronutrients were measured in the first stored sample obtained after e...
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jacqueline P. Monteiro, Laura Freimanis-Hance, Lidiane B. Faria, Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, James Korelitz, Hélio Vannucchi, Wladimir Queiroz, Regina C.M. Succi, Rohan Hazra Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Significant association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677T allele and hyperuricemia among adult Japanese subjectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: It is well known that high serum uric acid (SUA) is the cause of gout and a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Although SUA is thought to have an association with folate metabolism through elevated production and/or damaged renal excretion, studies on functional polymorphisms of folate metabolizing are still limited, showing inconsistent findings. We hypothesized that hyperuricemia would be associated with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and thymidylate synthase (TS) 28-bp tandem repeat polymorphism. Subjects were 793 healthy health checkup examinees (272 male and 521 female Japanese) aged ...
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Simon Itou, Yasuyuki Goto, Koji Suzuki, Sayo Kawai, Mariko Naito, Yoshinori Ito, Nobuyuki Hamajima Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Increases in peptide Y-Y levels following oat β-glucan ingestion are dose-dependent in overweight adultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective was to test whether the effect could be seen with β-glucan delivered through extruded cereals containing a high β-glucan oat bran with demonstrated high molecular weight and solubility. Fourteen subjects consumed a control meal and 3 cereals of varying β-glucan concentration (between 2.2 and 5.5 g), and blood samples were collected over 4 hours. Analysis of raw PYY data showed a trend toward significant increases over 4 hours. An increasing dose of β-glucan resulted in higher levels of plasma PYY, with significant differences between groups from 2 to 4 hours post test-meal. Data for the area under the cur...
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Cardiac mortality is associated with low levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the heart of cadavers with a history of coronary heart diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we tested the hypothesis that high levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in heart tissues are associated with low cardiac mortality in Thai cadavers. One hundred fresh cadavers were examined in this study. The cause of death, history of coronary heart disease (CHD), and fish consumption habits were obtained from death certificates, cadaver medical record profiles, and a questionnaire to a person who lived with the subject before death. In each cadaver, biopsies of cardiac tissues were taken from the interventricular septum for measurement of fatty acid. Of the 100 cadavers (average age, 69 ± 13 years), ...
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Nipon Chattipakorn, Jongkolnee Settakorn, Petnoi Petsophonsakul, Padiphat Suwannahoi, Pasuk Mahakranukrauh, Somdet Srichairatanakool, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Polymorphism of genes encoding homocysteine metabolism–related enzymes and risk for cardiovascular diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the introduction of combined dietary and pharmacologic treatment would be possible at the initial stages of disease. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - October 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Anna Malinowska, Agata Chmurzynska Tags: Review Article Source Type: journals

Erratum to “Green tea and bone metabolism” [Nutr Res 2009;29(7):437-56.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the abovementioned article, in the legend to Fig. 1 on page 450, a couple of sentences contained errors. The correct legend appears below. Fig. 1. Possible actions (stimulatory or inhibitory) of green tea bioactive component (EGCG) in OBs and osteoclasts (OC). Green tea bioactive components seem to promote bone formation by decreasing oxidative stress (ROS) and proinflammatory mediators (TNF-α, COX-2), and by increasing OB activity and survival (HSP27, TGF-β, Runx2, Wnt), resulting in enhanced mineralization (Runx2, osteocalcin, osterix, ALP). Green tea bioactive components suppress bone resorption by inhibiting OC ...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Chwan-Li Shen, James K. Yeh, Jay J. Cao, Jai-Sheng Wang Tags: Erratum Source Type: journals

Prevalence of vitamin K and vitamin D deficiency in patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic disordersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study demonstrates that vitamin K and vitamin D deficiencies are common in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Liver dysfunction is associated with and predictive of vitamin K deficiency of bone and decreased production of osteocalcin, indicating the need for appropriate supplementation. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Leon Fisher, Elizabeth Byrnes, Alexander A. Fisher Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: journals

A descriptive cross-sectional study of the prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and association with bone markers in a hospitalized populationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Patients with gastrointestinal disease may be in particular risk of hypovitaminosis D because of reduced intestinal uptake or metabolism in the liver. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in several groups of patients with various gastroenterologic diseases compared with patients without any chronic disease. We tested the hypothesis that persons with a gastrointestinal disease are at higher risk of hypovitaminosis D than persons with no chronic disease and whether this group needs special attention regarding their nutrition. We included patients admitted to our depar...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ulrich Christian Bang, Synne Semb, Inge Nordgaard-Lassen, Jens-Erik Beck Jensen Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: journals

Vitamin E supplementation does not prevent ethanol-reduced hepatic retinoic acid levels in ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Chronic, excessive ethanol intake can increase retinoic acid (RA) catabolism by inducing cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Vitamin E (VE) is an antioxidant implicated in CYP2E1 inhibition. In the current study, we hypothesized that VE supplementation inhibits CYP2E1 and decreases RA catabolism, thereby preventing ethanol-induced hepatocyte hyperproliferation. For 1 month, 4 groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a Lieber-DeCarli liquid ethanol (36% of the total energy) diet as follows: either ethanol alone (Alc group) or ethanol in combination with 0.1 mg/kg body weight of all-trans-RA (Alc + RA group), 2 mg/kg body ...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jayong Chung, Sudipta Veeramachaneni, Chun Liu, Heather Mernitz, Robert M. Russell, Xiang-Dong Wang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Antiobesity action of a daidzein derivative on male obese mice induced by a high-fat dietEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigate the effects of Dzd on body weight, adipose tissue, blood, and liver lipid levels in obese mice fed a high-fat diet. Activities of pancreatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase, as well as lipolysis, were verified to clarify the potential mechanism of the daidzein. The results indicate that Dzd can significantly reduce body and fat pad weight and ameliorate the high-fat diet–induced hyperlipoidemia. We also found that Dzd inhibits the activity of pancreatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase in a dose-dependent manner, inhibits the differentiation of rat preadipocytes, and stimulates lipolysis by activ...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Yongqi Guo, Guanzhong Wu, Xin Su, Hongxia Yang, Juan Zhang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Ingestion of potato starch containing high levels of esterified phosphorus reduces calcium and magnesium absorption and their femoral retention in ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the ingestion of potato starch does not increase Ca and Mg absorption and rather accelerates their excretion, inducing the decrease in mineral absorption and retention in growing rats. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Hitoshi Mineo, Sayako Ohmi, Kyo Ishida, Nao Morikawa, Ayaka Machida, Takumi Kanazawa, Hideyuki Chiji, Michihiro Fukusima, Takahiro Noda Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Iron deficiency down-regulates the Akt/TSC1-TSC2/mammalian Target of Rapamycin signaling pathway in rats and in COS-1 cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most commonly known forms of nutritional deficiencies. Low body iron is thought to induce neurologic defects but may also play a protective role against cancer development by cell growth arrest. Thus, ID may affect cellular pathways controlling cell growth and proliferation, the mechanism of which is still not fully understood. The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt and its downstream target, the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), is known to play a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth and survival. Therefore, we hypothesized that Akt/mTOR pathway could be influence...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Moussa Ndong, Machiko Kazami, Tsukasa Suzuki, Mariko Uehara, Shin-ichi Katsumata, Hirohumi Inoue, Ken-Ichi Kobayashi, Tadahiro Tadokoro, Kazuharu Suzuki, Yuji Yamamoto Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Carbohydrates blended with polydextrose lower gas production and short-chain fatty acid production in an in vitro systemEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined several oligosaccharides and their blends in an in vitro fermentation model. Substrates included medium- and long-chain fructooligosaccharides (FOS), oligofructose-enriched inulin, galactooligosaccharide, polydextrose (POL), and 50:50 substrate blends. Substrates and blends were fermented in vitro using human fecal inoculum, and fermentation characteristics were quantified at 0, 4, 8, and 12 hours. We hypothesized that mixtures of short- and long-chain oligosaccharides would generate less gas than do short-chain oligosaccharides and modulate gut microflora to a greater extent than do long-chain oligosac...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Brittany M. Vester Boler, David C. Hernot, Thomas W. Boileau, Laura L. Bauer, Ingmar S. Middelbos, Michael R. Murphy, Kelly S. Swanson, George C. Fahey Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Associations of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols with proxies of membrane stability and subcutaneous fat sites in male elite swimmersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: We hypothesize that membrane stability of elite swimmers adapted to chronic intense training is dependent on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and tocopherols in blood pools and that the composition of PUFA in plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) might be associated with specific subcutaneous fat sites. Our aims were to investigate in male elite swimmers the associations of n-6 and n-3 PUFA and α- and γ-tocopherols with proxies of membrane stability (phase angle and erythrocyte osmotic fragility) and of PUFA in plasma NEFA with specific skinfolds. Brazilian male elite swimmers (n = 20) under regular train...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jacqueline G. Ney, Josely C. Koury, Vilma B. Azeredo, Gustavo Casimiro-Lopes, Nadia M.F. Trugo, Alexandre G. Torres Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Soymilk supplementation does not alter plasma markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in postmenopausal womenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Aging is associated with increasing levels of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which contribute to the progression of cardiovascular disease. Attenuation of such processes via dietary intervention has significant public health implications. Soyfoods, as a source of high-quality protein and isoflavones, may improve such indices, although such effects in healthy aging women are not well delineated. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that 4 weeks of daily soymilk consumption would improve systemic markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in postmenopausal women when compared ...
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kristen M. Beavers, Monica C. Serra, Daniel P. Beavers, Matthew B. Cooke, Darryn S. Willoughby Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Krill oil supplementation increases plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in overweight and obese men and womenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, 4 weeks of krill oil supplementation increased plasma EPA and DHA and was well tolerated, with no indication of adverse effects on safety parameters. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - September 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kevin C. Maki, Mathew S. Reeves, Mildred Farmer, Mikko Griinari, Kjetil Berge, Hogne Vik, Rachel Hubacher, Tia M. Rains Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Mulberry leaf extract restores arterial pressure in streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetic ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Free radical-induced vascular dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of vascular disease found in chronic diabetic patients. Morus alba (MA) leaf extract is promoted for good health especially in diabetic patients. Interestingly, antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of MA have been reported in experimental animals. Thus, the hypothesis of this study was that the long-term treatment with MA could improve vascular reactivity of chronic diabetic rats. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effect of long-term treatment with MA on the vascular responses to vasoactive agents in streptozotocin-induced ch...
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jarinyaporn Naowaboot, Patchareewan Pannangpetch, Veerapol Kukongviriyapan, Upa Kukongviriyapan, Saowanee Nakmareong, Arunporn Itharat Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Glutamine supplementation does not improve protein synthesis rate by the jejunal mucosa of the malnourished ratEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: It has been demonstrated that glutamine, a conditionally essential amino acid, improves nitrogen balance, acts as a stimulant of protein synthesis, and decreases proteolysis in myopathic children. In contrast, other studies have shown no beneficial effect of glutamine supplementation on burn victims or critically ill patients. Nonetheless, we hypothesized that glutamine supplementation would increase the fractional protein synthesis rate (FSR) in the jejunal mucosa of malnourished male Wistar rats. Thus, the objective of the present study was to test the effect of daily oral glutamine supplementation (0.42 g kg�...
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Andrea Ferreira S. Tannus, Dominique Darmaun, Durval F. Ribas, José Eduardo D. Oliveira, Julio Sergio Marchini Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Bioefficacy of β-carotene is improved in rats after solubilized as equimolar dose of β-carotene and lutein in phospholipid-mixed micellesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study determined the BC bioefficacy in rats (n = 5/time point) after an equimolar dose of BC and lutein (Lut) solubilized in micelles containing either phosphatidylcholine (PC) or lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), or no phospholipid (NoPL). Results show that no BC and Lut was detected in the plasma of rats at 0 hour, but after gavage, the mean (SD) area under the curve (AUC; in picomoles per milliliter) of plasma BC for 6 hours in PC, LPC, and NoPL groups were 1145 (132), 965 (199), and 2136 (112), respectively. The AUC value of plasma Lut in LPC group (183 ± 23 pmol mL−1 h−1) was higher than the other 2 groups. Sim...
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Raju Marisiddaiah, Vallikannan Baskaran Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Aqueous extract of Abutilon indicum Sweet inhibits glucose absorption and stimulates insulin secretion in rodentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of the aqueous extract derived from the Thai Abutilon indicum Sweet plant and to explore its effects on intestinal glucose absorption and insulin secretion. The authors hypothesized that the plasma glucose level could be reduced through the inhibition of glucose absorption and/or the enhancement of insulin secretion. Administration of the extract (0.5 and 1 g/kg body weight) in an oral glucose tolerance test led to a significant reduction in plasma glucose levels in 30 minutes after the administration in moderately diabetic rats, as compared with untreate...
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Chutwadee Krisanapun, Penchom Peungvicha, Rungravi Temsiririrkkul, Yuvadee Wongkrajang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Select phytochemicals suppress human T-lymphocytes and mouse splenocytes suggesting their use in autoimmunity and transplantationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: We have considered a novel “rational” gene targeting approach for treating pathologies whose genetic bases are defined using select phytochemicals. We reason that one such potential application of this approach would be conditions requiring immunosuppression such as autoimmune disease and transplantation, where the genetic target is clearly defined; i.e., interleukin-2 and associated T-cell activation. Therefore, we hypothesized that select phytochemicals can suppress T-lymphocyte proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. The immunosuppressive effects of berry extract, curcumin, quercetin, sulforaphane, epigal...
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Shazaan Hushmendy, Lalithapriya Jayakumar, Amy B. Hahn, Devang Bhoiwala, Dipti L. Bhoiwala, Dana R. Crawford Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Prolonged in vitro exposure to white wines enhances the erosive damage on human permanent teeth compared with red winesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, it was demonstrated that white wines have higher erosive potentials than red wines. Within the limits of this in vitro study, it can be predicted that a frequent consumption of white wines might lead to severe dental erosion. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Brita Willershausen, Angelika Callaway, Birgül Azrak, Christian Kloß, Burkhardt Schulz-Dobrick Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Glycemic response of mashed potato containing high-viscocity hydroxypropylmethylcelluloseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Potatoes generally have one of the highest glycemic index values of any food. Relatively small differences in the glycemic response (GR) of regularly consumed starch foods have shown beneficial effects on health. Lowering the GR of a potato-based meal has potentially wide-reaching health benefits. High-viscosity hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HV-HPMC) is a modified cellulose dietary fiber extensively used in the food industry. We hypothesized that the GR of a high–glycemic index product such as mashed potato would be lower with the addition of HV-HPMC. In a nonblind, randomized, repeat-measure, crossover control...
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Helen J. Lightowler, C. Jeya K. Henry Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

A 12-week worksite health promotion program reduces cardiovascular risk factors in male workers with the apolipoprotein E2 and apolipoprotein E3 genotypes, but not in apolipoprotein E4 genotypeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Worksite health promotion programs focusing on diet and lifestyle modification have been shown to improve health outcomes in workers. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a 12-week worksite health promotion program shows different response of cardiovascular risk factors in subjects according to apolipoprotein E (Apo E) genotype and obesity level in 141 male Korean industrial workers. We hypothesized that the health changes of a 12-week intervention may not be the same within Apo E genotypes in nonobese and obese subjects. They received 5 face-to-face meetings based on their health profiles. In obe...
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sang-Woon Cho, Ji-Yeon Kang, Yoo-Kyoung Park, Yun-Mi Paek, Tae-In Choi Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Validation of the BIOPAC indirect calorimeter for determining resting energy expenditure in healthy free-living older peopleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the BIOPAC calorimeter is suitable for measuring REE in healthy older adults when the new prediction equation is applied. This calorimeter is not applicable to frail older persons. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kerstin Khalaj-Hedayati, Anja Bosy-Westphal, Manfred J. Müller, Manuela Dittmar Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with greater all-cause mortality in older community-dwelling womenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the association between serum 25[OH]D concentrations and all-cause mortality in a prospective, population-based study of 714 community-dwelling women, aged 70 to 79 years, the Women's Health and Aging Studies I and II in Baltimore, Md. The studies were originally designed to evaluate the causes and course of physical disability in older women living in the community. Vital status was determined through follow-up interviews and matching with the National Death Index. During a median of 72 months of follow-up, 100 (14%) of 714 women died. Women in the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D (27.0 ng/mL or 67.4 nmol/L) of 25(O...
Source: Nutrition Research - July 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Richard D. Semba, Denise K. Houston, Luigi Ferrucci, Anne R. Cappola, Kai Sun, Jack M. Guralnik, Linda P. Fried Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Supplementation with magnesium and vitamin E were more effective than magnesium alone to decrease plasma lipids and blood viscosity in diabetic ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Although magnesium and vitamin E (VE) have differing effects on diabetes, both are beneficial. We hypothesized that preventive supplementation of magnesium combined with VE could improve the metabolism of lipids and blood viscosity more effectively than the use of magnesium or VE alone. Our objective was to detect the effects of preventive supplementation of magnesium combined with VE on lipid peroxidation, lipid metabolic parameters, and blood viscosity in diabetic rats. Six dietary groups, all fed with high-energy diets, were formed and studied for 8 weeks: control group (C); VE group (E); middle-dose magnesium...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Mei Dou, Ai Guo Ma, Qiu Zhen Wang, Hui Liang, Yong Li, Xue Mei Yi, Shi Cui Zhang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid affect ovarian prostaglandin levels differently in ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Prostaglandins (PGs) play a key role in the regulation of ovulation. Typically, ingestion of the long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been found to decrease, whereas arachidonic acid (ARA) increases PG biosynthesis in most systems. We hypothesized that DHA and EPA would decrease ovarian PGE2, enhancing ovulation, with combined EPA and DHA having the greatest effect, whereas ARA would increase PGE2, suppressing ovulation. Our objective was to determine how 0.3-g/100-g diet DHA and EPA alone or combined, or ARA would affect tissue compos...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: K. Shane Broughton, Brittney Hahn, Erica Ross Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Ricinodendron heutelotii (Bail.) or Tetracarpidium conophorum Müll. oils fed to male rats lower blood lipidsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Ricinodendron heudelotii and Tetracarpidium conophorum (Euphorbiaceae family) are 2 oil-bearing wild plants whose fruits are generally consumed in Cameroon. T conophorum kernels are eaten as nibbles after cooking. Kernels of R heudelotii are used as spice in many dishes in Cameroon. Oil from T conophorum contains a high level of α-linolenic acid (72.24%), and oil from R heudelotii kernels is a good source of α-eleostearic acid (9c, 11t, 13t; 52.61%), which is a conjugated linolenic acid. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have received considerable interest because their consumption has been associated with beneficial...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Bertille Carine Tchankou Leudeu, Clergé Tchiégang, Françoise Barbé, Benedicte Nicolas, Jean-Louis Guéant Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Differential impact of copper deficiency in rats on blood cuproproteinsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Sensitive blood biochemical markers of dietary copper status are not yet known. Rat models were used to investigate the response of severe copper deficiency in dams and pups by comparing abundance of several cuproproteins in erythrocytes, white blood cells, and platelets. The hypothesis tested was that copper deficiency would result in changes in abundance of cuproproteins in blood cells. Copper-deficient (CuD) Holtzman dams and pups had signs consistent with severe copper deficiency compared with copper-adequate controls including lower liver copper and hemoglobin levels and near total loss of plasma ceruloplasm...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Margaret A. Broderius, Joseph R. Prohaska Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Energy-restricted diets result in higher numbers of CD4+, CD8+, immunoglobulins (A, M, and G), and CD45RA cells in spleen and CD4+, immunoglobulin A, and CD45RA cells in colonic lamina propria of ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the study was to test this hypothesis by determining the effects of dietary ER through manipulation of energy intake from high-fat (HF) diets on the expression and frequency of the CD4+ (T-helper/T-inducer) and CD8+ (T-cytotoxic/T-suppressor) cells, CD45RA (B-cell–specific marker), and immunoglobulins (Ig) A-, G-, and M-bearing cells in spleen and colon in rats by immunohistochemical method. Rats fed the HF diet had a significantly (P < .05) reduced number of immune cells as compared with those fed ER diets. Energy-restricted diet–fed rats showed higher (P < .05) numbers of CD4+, CD8+, IgA, IgM, IgG, a...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Bob N. Nayak, James K. Friel, Curtis B. Rempel, Peter J.H. Jones Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

High-molecular-weight barley β-glucan in chapatis (unleavened Indian flatbread) lowers glycemic indexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that a food product fortified with barley β-glucan and subjected to minimum processing and mild cooking might be effective in lowering glycemic response. In a randomized, single-blind, controlled crossover trial, 8 healthy human subjects (3 men, 5 women; aged 26-50 years; body mass index, (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Pariyarath S. Thondre, C. Jeya K. Henry Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Dietary characteristics of complementary foods offered to Guatemalan infants vary between urban and rural settingsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to describe and compare the dietary variety, diversity, and origins of complementary foods given to urban and rural Guatemalan infants in the second semester of life. Dietary intake from a total of 128 infants of both sexes, aged 6.0 to 12.0 months on admission, from a low-income district of Guatemala City and a rural Mayan village was collected by means of 3 nonconsecutive 24-hour quantitative intake recalls and breast-feeding histories. We hypothesized that rural/urban, age, and sex differences would occur with respect to dietary variety and diversity scores and descriptive features at 7 l...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Anke Enneman, Liza Hernández, Raquel Campos, Marieke Vossenaar, Noel W. Solomons Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Comparison of yogurt, soybean, casein, and amino acid–based diets in children with persistent diarrheaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Although previous studies have shown successful treatment of persistent diarrhea (PD) with the use of yogurt-based diets, some recent ones speculate the need of special formulas for the nutritional management of PD complicated cases. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the consumption of 3 lactose-free diets, with different degrees of complexity, is associated with lower stool output and shorter duration of diarrhea when compared with the use of a yogurt-based one on the nutritional management of PD. A total of 154 male infants, aged between 1 and 30 months, with PD and with or without dehydration...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ângela P. de Mattos, Tereza C.M. Ribeiro, Patrícia S.A. Mendes, Sandra S. Valois, Carlos M.C. Mendes, Hugo C. Ribeiro Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Uncooked rice of relatively low gelatinization degree resulted in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice in female college studentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Cooking processes that gelatinize granules or disrupt structure might increase the glucose and insulin responses because a disruption of the structure of starch by gelatinization increases its availability for digestion and absorption in the small intestine. We hypothesized that the uncooked form of rice, which has a relatively low degree of gelatinization even though in powder form, would result in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice (CR). To assess the effects of the gelatinization of rice on metabolic response of glucose and insulin, we investigated the glucose and insulin r...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Eun Young Jung, Hyung Joo Suh, Wan Soo Hong, Dong Geon Kim, Yang Hee Hong, In Sun Hong, Un Jae Chang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Green tea and bone metabolismEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Osteoporosis is a major health problem in both elderly women and men. Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between tea consumption and the prevention of age-related bone loss in elderly women and men. Ingestion of green tea and green tea bioactive compounds may be beneficial in mitigating bone loss of this population and decreasing their risk of osteoporotic fractures. This review describes the effect of green tea or its bioactive components on bone health, with an emphasis on (i) the prevalence and etiology of osteoporosis; (ii) the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in osteoporosis; (iii) gr...
Source: Nutrition Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Chwan-Li Shen, James K. Yeh, Jay J. Cao, Jia-Sheng Wang Tags: Review Article Source Type: journals

Supplementation with a mixture of complex lipids derived from milk to growing rats results in improvements in parameters related to growth and cognitionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Alterations in nutritional factors during early development can exert long-term effects on growth, neural function, and associated behaviors. The lipid component of milk provides a critical nutritional source for generating both energy and essential nutrients for the growth of the newborn. The present study, therefore, investigated the hypothesis that nutritional supplementation with a complex milk lipid (CML) preparation, derived from the milk fat globule membrane rich in phospholipids and gangliosides from young rats, has beneficial effects on learning behavior and postnatal growth and development. Male Wistar ...
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Mark H. Vickers, Jian Guan, Malin Gustavsson, Christian U. Krägeloh, Bernhard H. Breier, Michael Davison, Bertram Fong, Carmen Norris, Paul McJarrow, Steve C. Hodgkinson Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Hydrolyzed guar gum decreases postprandial blood glucose and glucose absorption in the rat small intestineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: We hypothesized that infusing partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) into the duodenum would reduce increases in postprandial plasma glucose by decreasing the rate of glucose diffusion from the small intestine luminal digesta of the rat. The postprandial plasma glucose and apparent glucose disappearance from the small intestine were measured after infusing artificial digesta containing 0 (control), 3.0, or 6.0 g/L PHGG into the duodenum via a cannula under anesthesia in experiments 1 and 2. The diffusion of glucose in the artificial digesta was estimated using dialysis tubing, filled with the same artificial digest...
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Toru Takahashi, Takeo Yokawa, Noriyuki Ishihara, Tsutomu Okubo, Djong-Chi Chu, Eri Nishigaki, Yuka Kawada, Masako Kato, Lekh Raj Juneja Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Chia seed does not promote weight loss or alter disease risk factors in overweight adultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, ingestion of 50 g/d CS vs P for 12 weeks by overweight/obese men and women had no influence on body mass or composition, or various disease risk factor measures. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: David C. Nieman, Erin J. Cayea, Melanie D. Austin, Dru A. Henson, Steven R. McAnulty, Fuxia Jin Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Time-divided ingestion pattern of casein-based protein supplement stimulates an increase in fat-free body mass during resistance training in young untrained menEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: We hypothesized that during prolonged resistance training, time-divided ingestion pattern of casein-based protein supplement is of superior efficiency in comparison with the ingestion of the same supplement immediately before each training session. In a crossover study, 13 men aged 18 to 19 years were evaluated during 2 well-controlled, 8-week training and supplementation periods. In the time-focused supplementation regimen (TFR), the subjects consumed the supplement in the morning and in the afternoon, immediately before the training session. Time-divided supplementation regimen (TDR) included 1 morning dose, wh...
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Andres Burk, Saima Timpmann, Luule Medijainen, Mare Vähi, Vahur Ööpik Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

The influence of diet and/or exercise and parental compliance on health-related quality of life in obese childrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Recent findings of a direct association of obesity and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children suggest a need for early weight-management interventions that address psychosocial issues and lifestyle. Our aim was to compare the effects of exercise, diet, or diet + exercise on HRQOL in obese children. We hypothesized that HRQOL will improve as a result of the weight-loss intervention and will be correlated with the amount of weight loss achieved by each of the intervention groups. A total of 162 children aged 6 to 11 years with a body mass index (BMI) exceeding the 95th percentile were randomly ...
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan, Nessia Nagelberg, Moshe Phillip, Liat Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, Eli Hershkovitz, Shlomit Shalitin Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Correlation of erythrocyte fatty acid composition and dietary intakes with markers of atherosclerosis in patients with myocardial infarctionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, lower levels of trans-oleic acid (elaidic acid) in erythrocytes and higher intakes of vitamins, minerals, and n-3 fatty acids were associated with the decreased risk of atherosclerosis. However, these findings need further investigation in randomized controlled clinical trials before public health recommendations for atherosclerosis prevention can be made. (Source: Nutrition Research)
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Yongsoon Park, Jeehyun Lim, Yongju Kwon, Jaeung Lee Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Consumption of the slow-digesting waxy maize starch leads to blunted plasma glucose and insulin response but does not influence energy expenditure or appetite in humansEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the postprandial metabolic and appetitive responses of waxy maize starch (WM), a slow-digestible starch. It was hypothesized that the waxy maize treatment would result in a blunted and more sustained glucose and insulin response, as well as energy expenditure and appetitive responses. Twelve subjects (6 men and 6 women) (age, 23 ± 1 years; body mass index, 22.2 ± 0.7 kg/m2; insulin sensitivity [homeostatic model assessment], 16% ± 2%; physical activity, 556 ± 120 min/wk) consumed, on separate days, 50 g of available carbohydrate as WM, a maltodextrin-sucrose mixture (MS), or white bread (control). P...
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Amanda L. Sands, Heather J. Leidy, Bruce R. Hamaker, Paul Maguire, Wayne W. Campbell Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Body mass index and age affect Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire scores in male subjectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: This cross-sectional analysis evaluated the effect of age and body mass index (BMI) on Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire scores in males. Subjects (n = 60) were recruited according to BMI status. Each completed the 51-item Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. The group was split at the median age to produce a “younger” and “older” group for statistical analysis. A 2-way between-groups analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect of BMI on disinhibition (P = .003) and hunger (P = .041) with higher levels found in overweight males compared to healthy-weight counterparts. A significant main effect o...
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Charlotte J. Harden, Bernard M. Corfe, J. Craig Richardson, Peter W. Dettmar, Jenny R. Paxman Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Using focus groups to identify factors affecting healthy weight maintenance in college menEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Healthful eating and physical activity are important for healthy weight maintenance. The hypothesis for this study was that college-aged men would perceive factors affecting eating and physical activity as both contributing to and inhibiting healthy weight maintenance. The overall objective was to explore how men view weight maintenance in the context of these aspects. Subjects (n = 47, mean age = 20.3 ± 1.7 years) completed an online survey, including the 51-item Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, and participated in 1 of 6 focus groups. Three face-to-face and 3 online synchronous groups were conducted using a ...
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jennifer R. Walsh, Adrienne A. White, Mary L. Greaney Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Dietary intakes of α-linolenic and linoleic acids are inversely associated with serum C-reactive protein levels among Japanese menEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aimed to assess the association between PUFA intake and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations in a group of Japanese employees. The study subjects were 300 men and 211 women aged 21 to 67 years working in 2 municipal offices of Japan. We measured the serum high-sensitivity CRP concentrations by the latex agglutination nephelometry method and assessed dietary habits by a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. We analyzed the data using multiple linear regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounding variables. Mean serum CRP concentrations tended to decrease as the intake of ...
Source: Nutrition Research - May 31, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar, Akiko Nanri, Yumi Matsushita, Satoshi Sasaki, Masanori Ohta, Masao Sato, Tetsuya Mizoue Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals