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Diagnostic Imaging in SialadenitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article presents a survey of the imaging procedures in inflammatory changes of the salivary glands. State-of-the-art procedures are described along with a perspective on recent innovations. Various imaging procedures are discussed, including ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Then, imaging options in different forms of acute and chronic sialadenitis are considered. The choice of method is guided by consideration of the reliability, the side effects, the accessibility, and, ultimately, the costs. The focus is mainly on diagnostic ultrasound and resonance methods because, with their aid, th...
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Johannes Zenk, Heinrich Iro, Nils Klintworth, Michael Lell Source Type: journals

Diagnosis and Management of Salivary Gland InfectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Salivary gland infections are frequently encountered entities that are acquired in community and hospital settings. These infections have many causes and may be treated with a diverse array of modalities ranging from conservative medical therapy to removal of the affected salivary gland. Minimally invasive techniques employing diagnostic and interventional sialoendoscopy exist between these two extremes. If possible, the goal of management of such infections is to preserve the gland. It is the purpose of this article to review the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic salivary gland infections.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Eric R. Carlson Source Type: journals

Indications, Techniques, and Complications of Major Salivary Gland ExtirpationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews major salivary gland anatomy and the differential diagnosis of salivary gland disease. The surgical technique for parotid and submandibular gland excision is described in detail. Possible complications and their management are also discussed, followed by a brief literature review of new surgical techniques.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Amy K. Hsu, David I. Kutler Source Type: journals

Sialoendoscopy and Salivary Gland Sparing SurgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes techniques for managing acute and chronic salivary gland infections using sialoendoscopy.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Michael D. Turner Source Type: journals

Non-HIV Viral Infections of the Salivary GlandsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Historically, the most significant non-HIV viral infection of salivary glands has been, and remains, mumps. Despite the widespread administration of mumps vaccines worldwide, sporadic outbreaks continue to be reported. Epidemiologic studies are invaluable in understanding the etiology of these outbreaks. Information gleaned from these studies, coupled with advances in immunology, virology, and DNA/RNA testing will hopefully result in the development of vaccination regimens to ensure eradication of the disease.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Andrea Schreiber, Gabriel Hershman Source Type: journals

HIV-associated Salivary Gland DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The authors review the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment modalities for salivary gland enlargement in an HIV-infected population. Because this can occasionally be the presenting clinical symptom of HIV infection, it is important for the oral/maxillofacial surgeon to diagnose and manage HIV salivary gland enlargement.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Rabie M. Shanti, Shahid R. Aziz Source Type: journals

Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Salivary Gland InfectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The incidence of salivary gland infections in the pediatric population is low but not infrequently seen in pediatric oral and maxillofacial surgery practices and hospital environs. With an ever increasing armamentarium of diagnostic tools and medical and surgical therapies, these patients can be managed successfully with minimum morbidity and decreased incidence of recurrences.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Ashish Patel, Vasiliki Karlis Source Type: journals

Epidemiology of Salivary Gland InfectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article approaches sialadenitis from a personal perspective based on 15 years of clinical practice limited mainly to salivary gland diseases. Disorders of the salivary glands are uncommon. When they occur, experience in managing the process is diluted over a range of disciplines. The result is that traditional views go unchallenged and are recast unchanged from one textbook to another. Sialadenitis of bacterial origin is a relatively uncommon occurrence today and is normally associated with sialoliths. The most common viral infection of the salivary glands is mumps.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Luke Cascarini, Mark McGurk Source Type: journals

Case Presentations of Salivary Gland InfectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article presents six cases and describes their management.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Michael D. Turner, Robert Glickman Source Type: journals

IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: journals

Forthcoming IssuesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: journals

PrefaceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is our privilege to be the Guest Editors of this issue on the clinical features and etiology of the varying types of salivary infections, and the appropriate management strategies from a historical and present day perspective.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Michael D. Turner, Robert Glickman Source Type: journals

The Bacteriology of Salivary Gland InfectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The parotid gland is the salivary gland most commonly affected by inflammation. However, infection of the salivary glands can occur in any of the glands. The most common pathogens associated with acute bacterial infection are Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic bacteria. The predominant anaerobes include: anaerobic Gram negative bacilli (eg, pigmented Prevotella and Porphyromonas); Fusobacterium spp; and Peptostreptococcus spp. In addition, Streptococcus spp (including Streptococcus pneumoniae) and aerobic and facultative Gram-negative bacilli (including Escherichia coli) have been reported. Aerobic and facultative Gram-ne...
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Itzhak Brook Source Type: journals

ContentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - July 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: journals

Forthcoming IssuesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: journals

PrefaceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Controversy can be defined as a dispute, generally with a right and a wrong side of the argument. Controversy can also be defined as a discussion marked by the expression of opposing views. The articles in this issue best fit this definition because, when there are different approaches to surgical management, it is often not a matter of right or wrong, but rather what the surgeon believes gives the best results. It is regrettable that in the treatment of many kinds of traumatic injuries of the maxillofacial region, too few randomized, controlled studies are available to supply strong supporting evidence for definitely sele...
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Daniel M. Laskin, A. Omar Abubaker Source Type: journals

Management of Fractures Through the Angle of the MandibleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses some of the controversies in the management of such fractures.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Edward Ellis Source Type: journals

Management of Atrophic Mandible FracturesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the more common modalities and presents updates on accepted surgical treatments.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Matthew J. Madsen, Richard H. Haug, Bryan S. Christensen, Eron Aldridge Source Type: journals

Management of Comminuted Fractures of the MandibleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Comminuted fractures of the mandible are unusual but not rare. They are complex injuries with a high complication rate. Gunshot wounds are a frequent cause. Traditional management with closed techniques is noted for good long-term results, but may involve an extended period of treatment. Treatment with open reduction and rigid internal fixation significantly shortens the course of treatment and simplifies the convalescence.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Brian Alpert, Paul S. Tiwana, George M. Kushner Source Type: journals

Management of Condylar Process FracturesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Some issues related to management of fractures of the condylar process remain unsettled. In certain areas, however, there is consensus. In the child, with few exceptions, closed treatment is preferable, fixation periods should be short, a vigorous postfixation exercise program is essential, and patients should have long-term follow-up. In the adult, it is important to restore ramus height by an open reduction when (1) there are bilateral fractures without contact of the segments, (2) there is a unilateral fracture in an edentulous patient, or (3) there is a unilateral fracture in a dentulous patient with an unstable occlus...
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Daniel M. Laskin Source Type: journals

Management of Mandibular Fractures in ChildrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To guide surgeons treating mandibular fractures in children, this article first reviews the growth of the mandible, describes how injury can affect such growth, and explains how to harness the process of growth to good effect. This information is important in making therapeutic decisions about the management of such injuries. The article then reviews the various opinions regarding diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. Then, as a counterpoint, the author presents his own approach developed over 30 years as a pediatric oral and maxillofacial surgeon.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Robert W.T. Myall Source Type: journals

Management of Nasal FracturesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The goal of treatment for nasal fractures is to restore the pretraumatic state and normal function. The decision by the surgeon regarding the surgical approach should be based on the degree of injury, the presence of concomitant facial injuries, patient compliance, training of the surgeon, and the presence and degree of septal injury. The use of a closed or open approach will then depend on the extent of the injury.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Vincent B. Ziccardi, Hani Braidy Source Type: journals

Management of Orbital FracturesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Trauma to the orbit is always complex, and adequate therapy requires that the surgeon be familiar with the detailed anatomy of the orbit and the pattern of injury of the soft and hard tissue components. Preoperative CT, MRI scans, or both are mandatory for diagnosis and proper planning of reconstruction. Although several autogenous and alloplastic materials are available, autogenous bone grafting seems to give the best results. Resorbable materials cannot be recommended for large defects. Instead, either bone or titanium must be considered to achieve a long-lasting, accurate restoration of bony orbital anatomy and dimensio...
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Risto Kontio, Christian Lindqvist Source Type: journals

Management of Naso-Orbital-Ethmoidal FracturesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses their proper diagnosis, describes some of the controversies in their management, and makes recommendations regarding their proper treatment.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Harry Papadopoulos, Nader K. Salib Source Type: journals

Management of Frontal Sinus FracturesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses the controversies in the surgical treatment of such fractures and provides a scientific rationale for proper management.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: R. Bryan Bell Source Type: journals

Management of Parotid Gland and Duct InjuriesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Surgical repair of injuries to the parotid gland and its duct have been described in the literature for more than 100 years. Injury to the glandular structures are usually associated with penetrating wounds of the face and often involve concomitant damage to adjacent structures, including the facial nerve, the ear, and the nearby bony structures. Most investigators agree that management of these injuries depends on the location of the damage. However, there are differences of opinion as to the proper management of the repair when the injury to the glandular system is discovered early or late.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Joseph E. Van Sickels Source Type: journals

Management of Facial Bite WoundsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bite wounds are especially prone to infectious complications, both local and systemic. In bite wounds to the face, such complications can create more difficulties than the initial tissue damage itself for the task of restoring an esthetic appearance. Management should aim to neutralize this potential for infection and provide an infection-free environment for wound healing. Wound cleansing followed by primary closure is the treatment of choice, and the use of prophylactic antibiotics may further decrease the risk of infection. Delay in presentation beyond 24 hours is not necessarily a contraindication to immediate repair, ...
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Panagiotis K. Stefanopoulos Source Type: journals

Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Preventing Infection of Traumatic InjuriesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the basis of antibiotic use in preventing wound infection in general and its use in oral and facial wounds in particular.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: A. Omar Abubaker Source Type: journals

IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics - May 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: journals