Potential impact of annual vaccination with reformulated COVID-19 vaccines: Lessons from the US COVID-19 scenario modeling hub
ConclusionsCOVID-19 is projected to be a significant public health threat over the coming 2 years. Broad vaccination has the potential to substantially reduce the burden of this disease, saving tens of thousands of lives each year. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 17, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Sung-mok Jung Source Type: research
Mixed progress in global tobacco control
by Coral Gartner, Wayne D. Hall (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 16, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Coral Gartner Source Type: research
More research is needed on how to prevent vaping among young people
by Coral Gartner, Wayne D. Hall (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 15, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Coral Gartner Source Type: research
A novel electronic health record-based, machine-learning model to predict severe hypoglycemia leading to hospitalizations in older adults with diabetes: A territory-wide cohort and modeling study
ConclusionsOur novel-ML model demonstrated good discrimination and high precision in predicting one-year risk of SH requiring hospitalization. This may be integrated into EHR decision support systems for preemptive intervention in older adults at highest risk. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 12, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Mai Shi Source Type: research
Long-term variations of urban –Rural disparities in infectious disease burden of over 8.44 million children, adolescents, and youth in China from 2013 to 2021: An observational study
The objective of our study was to evaluate the long-term urban –rural disparities in infectious diseases among children, adolescents, and youths in China, while also examining the specific diseases driving these disparities. Methods and findingsThis observational study examined data on 43 notifiable infectious diseases from 8,442,956 cases from individuals aged 4 to 24 years, with 4,487,043 cases in urban areas and 3,955,913 in rural areas. The data from 2013 to 2021 were obtained from China ’s Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance System. The 43 infectious diseases were categorized into 7 categories: vaccine-prev...
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 12, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Li Chen Source Type: research
Long-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 with and without neurological involvement: 3-year follow-up assessment
by Anna Eligulashvili, Moshe Gordon, Jimmy S. Lee, Jeylin Lee, Shiv Mehrotra-Varma, Jai Mehrotra-Varma, Kevin Hsu, Imanyah Hilliard, Kristen Lee, Arleen Li, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Judy Yee, David J. Altschul, Emad Eskandar, Mark F. Mehler, Tim Q. Duong
BackgroundAcute neurological manifestation is a common complication of acute Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. This retrospective cohort study investigated the 3-year outcomes of patients with and without significant neurological manifestations during initial COVID-19 hospitalization. Methods and findingsPatients hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome...
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 4, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Anna Eligulashvili Source Type: research
Socioeconomic and ethnic disparities associated with access to cochlear implantation for severe-to-profound hearing loss: A multicentre observational study of UK adults
This study aimed to explore referral patterns and whether there were any socioeconomic or ethnic associations with the likelihood of referral. The primary outcome was to determine factors influencing referral for implant assessment. The secondary outcome was to identify factors impacting whether healthcare professionals had discussed the option of referral. Methods and findingsA multicentre multidisciplinary observational study was conducted in secondary care Otolaryngology and Audiology units in Great Britain. Adults fulfilling NICE (2019) audiometric criteria for implant assessment were identified over a 6-month period b...
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 4, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Chloe Swords Source Type: research
Climate change: A driver of increasing vector-borne disease transmission in non-endemic areas
by Shlomit Paz
In this Perspective, Shlomit Paz discusses the link between climate change and transmission of vector-borne diseases in non-endemic areas. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 4, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Shlomit Paz Source Type: research
Positive affect during adolescence and health and well-being in adulthood: An outcome-wide longitudinal approach
We examined if increases in positive affect during adolescence were associated with better health/well-being in adulthood across 41 outcomes. Methods and findingsWe conducted a longitudinal cohort study using data from Add Health —a prospective and nationally representative cohort of community-dwelling U.S. adolescents. Using regression models, we evaluated if increases in positive affect over 1 year (between Wave I; 1994 to 1995 and Wave II; 1995 to 1996) were associated with better health/well-being 11.37 years later (in Wave IV; 2008;N = 11,040) or 20.64 years later (in Wave V; 2016 to 2018;N = 9,003). Participants we...
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 2, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Eric S. Kim Source Type: research
Cardiovascular outcomes 50 years after antenatal exposure to betamethasone: Follow-up of a randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
ConclusionsThere is no evidence that antenatal corticosteroids increase the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors or incidence of cardiovascular events up to 50 years of age. Established benefits of antenatal corticosteroids are not outweighed by an increase in adult cardiovascular disease. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - April 1, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Anthony G. B. Walters Source Type: research
The effect of intravenous hyoscine butylbromide on slow progress in labor (BUSCLAB): A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial
ConclusionsOne intravenous dose of 20 mg hyoscine butylbromide was not found to be superior to placebo in preventing slow labor progress in a population of first-time mothers at risk of prolonged labor. Further research is warranted to answer whether increased and/or repeated doses of hyoscine butylbromide might have an effect on duration of labor. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03961165) EudraCT (2018-002338-19) (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - March 28, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Lise Christine Gaudernack Source Type: research
The bidirectional association between premenstrual disorders and perinatal depression: A nationwide register-based study from Sweden
by Qian Yang, Emma Br änn, Elizabeth R. Bertone- Johnson, Arvid Sjölander, Fang Fang, Anna Sara Oberg, Unnur A. Valdimarsdóttir, Donghao Lu
BackgroundPremenstrual disorders (PMDs) and perinatal depression (PND) share symptomology and the timing of symptoms of both conditions coincide with natural hormonal fluctuations, which may indicate a shared etiology. Yet, there is a notable absence of prospective data on the potential bidirectional association between these conditions, which is crucial for guiding clinical management. Using the Swedish nationwide registers with prospectively collected data, we aimed to investigate...
Source: PLoS Medicine - March 28, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Qian Yang Source Type: research
Impact of the UK soft drinks industry levy on health and health inequalities in children and adolescents in England: An interrupted time series analysis and population health modelling study
ConclusionsWe predict that the SDIL will lead to medium-term reductions in dental caries and overweight/obesity, and long-term improvements in life expectancy, with the greatest benefits projected for children and adolescents from more deprived areas. This study provides evidence that the SDIL could narrow health inequalities for children and adolescents in England. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - March 28, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Linda J. Cobiac Source Type: research
Incidence of oncogenic HPV infection in women with and without mental illness: A population-based cohort study in Sweden
by Eva Herweijer, Kejia Hu, Jiangrong Wang, Donghao Lu, P är Sparén, Hans-Olov Adami, Unnur Valdimarsdóttir, Karin Sundström, Fang Fang
BackgroundWomen with mental illness experience an increased risk of cervical cancer. The excess risk is partly due to low participation in cervical screening; however, it remains unknown whether it is also attributable to an increased risk of infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). We aimed to examine whether women with mental illness had an increased infection rate of HPV compared to women without mental illness. Methods and findingsUsing a cohort design, we analyzed all 337,116 wo...
Source: PLoS Medicine - March 25, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Eva Herweijer Source Type: research
Correction: Clinical outcomes in a primary-level non-communicable disease programme for Syrian refugees and the host population in Jordan: A cohort analysis using routine data
by Éimhín Ansbro, Tobias Homan, David Prieto Merino, Kiran Jobanputra, Jamil Qasem, Shoaib Muhammad, Taissir Fardous, Pablo Perel (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - March 22, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Éimhín Ansbro Source Type: research
