Pediatric Clinics of North AmericaThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

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IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

Drug-Induced Nutrient DeficienciesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Good clinical care extends beyond mere diagnosis and treatment of disease to appreciation that nutrient deficiencies can be the price of effective drug therapy. The major risk factors for developing drug-induced nutrient deficiencies are lack of awareness by the prescribing physician and long duration of drug therapy. The field of pharmacogenomics has potential to improve clinical care by detecting patients at risk for complications from drug therapy. Further improvements in patient safety rely on physicians voluntarily reporting serious suspected adverse drug reactions. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Lina Felípez, Timothy A. Sentongo Source Type: journals

Refeeding SyndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the pathophysiology, the clinical manifestations, and the management of RFS. The key to prevention is identifying patients at risk and being aware of the potential complications involved in rapidly reintroducing feeds to a malnourished patient. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Judy Fuentebella, John A. Kerner Source Type: journals

Nutritional Deficiencies in Intestinal FailureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article presents how an improved understanding of digestive pathophysiology is essential for diagnosis, successful management, and prevention of nutrient deficiencies in children with IF. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Charmaine H. Mziray-Andrew, Timothy A. Sentongo Source Type: journals

Optimizing Nutritional Management in Children with Chronic Liver DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Malnutrition is common in infants and children with chronic liver disease (CLD) and may easily be underestimated by clinical appearance alone. The cause of malnutrition in CLD is multifactorial, although insufficient dietary intake is probably the most important factor and is correctable. Fat malabsorption occurs in cholestatic disorders, and one must also consider any accompanying fat-soluble vitamin and essential fatty acid deficiencies. The clinician should proactively evaluate, treat, and re-evaluate response to treatment of nutritional deficiencies. Because a better nutritional state is associated with better survival...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Scott Nightingale, Vicky Lee Ng Source Type: journals

Nutritional Deficiencies During Critical IllnessEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A significant proportion of critically ill children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) present with nutritional deficiencies. Malnourished hospitalized patients have a higher rate of complications, increased mortality, longer length of hospital stay, and increased hospital costs. Critical illness may further contribute to nutritional deteriorate with poor outcomes. Younger age, longer duration of PICU stay, congenital heart disease, burn injury, and need for mechanical ventilation support are some of the factors that are associated with worse nutritional deficiencies. Failure to estimate energy requiremen...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Nilesh M. Mehta, Christopher P. Duggan Source Type: journals

Nutrition Management of Pediatric Patients Who Have Cystic FibrosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews nutrition topics frequently discussed in relationship to CF and presents intriguing new information describing nutrients currently being studied for their impact on overall health of patients who have CF. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Suzanne H. Michel, Asim Maqbool, Maria D. Hanna, Maria Mascarenhas Source Type: journals

Nutritional Deficiencies in Obesity and After Bariatric SurgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews current knowledge of nutritional deficits in obese and overweight individuals and those that commonly present after bariatric surgery and summarizes current recommendations for screening and supplementation. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Stavra A. Xanthakos Source Type: journals

Nutritional Deficiencies in Children on Restricted DietsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pediatric nutritional deficiencies are associated not only with poverty and developing countries, but also in children in the developed world who adhere to restricted diets. At times, these diets are medically necessary, such as the gluten-free diet for management of celiac disease or exclusion diets in children with food allergies. At other times, the diets are self-selected by children with behavioral disorders, or parent-selected because of nutrition misinformation, cultural preferences, alternative nutrition therapies, or misconceptions regarding food tolerance. Health care providers must be vigilant in monitoring both...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Midge Kirby, Elaine Danner Source Type: journals

Nutrient Deficiencies in the Premature InfantEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the normal accretion of nutrients in the fetus, discusses specific nutrient deficiencies that are exacerbated in the postnatal period, and identifies key areas for future research. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Malika D. Shah, Shilpa R. Shah Source Type: journals

Protein Energy MalnutritionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is a common problem worldwide and occurs in both developing and industrialized nations. In the developing world, it is frequently a result of socioeconomic, political, or environmental factors. In contrast, protein energy malnutrition in the developed world usually occurs in the context of chronic disease. There remains much variation in the criteria used to define malnutrition, with each method having its own limitations. Early recognition, prompt management, and robust follow up are critical for best outcomes in preventing and treating PEM. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Zubin Grover, Looi C. Ee Source Type: journals

Nutritional Deficiencies During Normal GrowthEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews these nutritional deficiencies and other less commonly seen deficiencies in children who are otherwise growing normally. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: David L. Suskind Source Type: journals

PrefaceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We are honored to edit this issue on “Nutritional Deficiencies” in the Pediatric Clinics of North America. The last issue of Pediatric Clinics of North America addressing nutritional problems was published 7 years ago. We have highlighted a spectrum of nutritional deficiencies ranging from those occurring despite normal health to those associated with a variety of disease states. Our aim is to provide pediatric practitioners and trainees across the globe with a comprehensive and practical clinical review that links pathophysiology with clinical manifestations and management strategies. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Praveen S. Goday, Timothy S. Sentongo Source Type: journals

Forthcoming IssuesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

ContentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

CME Author Disclosure and Accreditation PageEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - October 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

How Health Policy Influences Quality of Care in PediatricsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes some “voltage drops” in health care that impede delivery of high quality health care. The growing emphasis on quality is reflected in provisions of the new Child Health Program Reauthorization Act of 2009 (CHIPRA) legislation. In addition to providing funding for health coverage for over four million more children, it also includes the most significant federal investment in pediatric quality to date. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Lisa A. Simpson, Gerry Fairbrother Tags: The Future of Quality on Pediatric Practice Source Type: journals

Pay for Performance: Quality- and Value-Based ReimbursementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There is urgent need to reform health care reimbursement models, including physician compensation, to address high health care costs, despite numerous quality initiatives. Pay for performance (P4P) is a model that attempts to align financial incentives with better outcomes and value rather than the current system of rewarding volume and intensity of care delivered. P4P has been implemented in other countries besides the United States and is perhaps most advanced in the United Kingdom. Measurement for P4P is evolving, as are the types of incentives; neither is perfect at this time. For P4P to succeed, all health care stakeh...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Norman (Chip) Harbaugh Tags: The Future of Quality on Pediatric Practice Source Type: journals

A Pediatrician's OpinionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pediatricians are inundated by phrases such as “pay for performance” and “enhancement of payments tied into quality measurements.” Although there is no argument that we must provide high quality care to our patients and must continuously improve ourselves, we need flexibility within the managed care criteria. Medicine is not only a science, but it is also an art with many interpretations. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Richard Lander Tags: The Future of Quality on Pediatric Practice Source Type: journals

Maintenance of Certification: The Role of the American Board of Pediatrics in Improving Children's Health CareEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes the evolution of board certification for pediatricians and the current ongoing assessment process called Maintenance of Certification (MOC). To be called a board-certified pediatrician under the MOC framework requires a level of training, competence, and knowledge that can only be achieved by completing a rigorous, defined, closely monitored training program approved by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and then demonstrating a level of knowledge comparable to established standards by passing the initial certifying examination. Once this landmark baseline threshold is reached, ...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Paul V. Miles Tags: The Future of Quality on Pediatric Practice Source Type: journals

Nursing: Key to Quality ImprovementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article explains in detail the importance of nursing care in the quality agenda and explores the existing gaps in this field of science. Key stakeholders and groups that advocate and focus on specific quality agendas within the field of pediatrics are briefly described. Pediatric health care uses a multidisciplinary model of delivery; each discipline uses specific domains of knowledge and interventions, making it difficult to separate them when evaluating patient outcomes. Much work needs to be conducted using health services research approaches that link and partition the overall and combined contribution of discipli...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Susan R. Lacey, Karen S. Cox Tags: Driving Children's Healthcare Initiatives Source Type: journals

The Role of Health Information Technology in Quality Improvement in PediatricsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article explores the many roles of HIT in quality improvement from several perspectives. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Alan E. Zuckerman Tags: Driving Children's Healthcare Initiatives Source Type: journals

The Medical Home–Improving Quality of Primary Care for ChildrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article provides an overview of the challenges faced in United States health care delivery systems that affect child health, explains how the medical home might address them, describes methods for measuring quality in medical homes, and identifies barriers to implementation of the model. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Steven E. Wegner, Richard C. Antonelli, Renee M. Turchi Tags: Driving Children's Healthcare Initiatives Source Type: journals

Quality Improvement and Patient Safety in the Pediatric Ambulatory Setting: Current Knowledge and Implications for Residency TrainingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The outpatient environment has been the leading edge of improvement work in pediatrics and it has similarly served as an effective locale for the training of pediatric residents in the science of improvement. This review summarizes what is known about the measurement of quality and patient safety in pediatric ambulatory settings. The current Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requirements for resident training in improvement and their application in these settings are discussed. Some approaches and challenges to meeting these requirements are reviewed. Finally, some future directions that this wor...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Daniel R. Neuspiel, Daniel Hyman, Mariellen Lane Tags: Driving Children's Healthcare Initiatives Source Type: journals

Implementing a Pediatric Rapid Response System to Improve Quality and Patient SafetyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Life-threatening events are common in today's hospitals, where an increasing proportion of patients with urgent admission are cared for by understaffed, often inexperienced personnel. Medical errors play a key role in causing adverse events and failure to rescue deteriorating patients. In-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes are generally poor, but these events are often preceded by a pattern of deterioration with abnormal vital signs and mental status. When hospital staff or family members observe warning signs and trigger timely intervention by a rapid response team, rates of cardiac arrest and mortality can be reduced. Rapi...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Kerry T. Van Voorhis, Tina Schade Willis Tags: Driving Children's Healthcare Initiatives Source Type: journals

Transforming Safety and Effectiveness in Pediatric Hospital Care Locally and NationallyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Achieving dramatic, sustainable improvements in the safety and effectiveness of care for children requires a transformational approach to how hospitals individually focus on improvement and learn from each other to achieve national goals. The authors describe a theoretic framework for transformation that includes setting system-level priorities, aligning measures with each priority, identifying breakthrough targets, testing interventions to get results, and spreading successful interventions throughout the organization. Essential key drivers of transformation include leadership, building will, transparency, a business case...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Keith E. Mandel, Stephen E. Muething, Pamela J. Schoettker, Uma R. Kotagal Tags: Driving Children's Healthcare Initiatives Source Type: journals

Standardize to Excellence: Improving the Quality and Safety of Care with Clinical PathwaysEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Providing practitioners with locally developed, consensus-driven, evidence-based clinical pathways can improve the quality of care by (1) incorporating national guidelines and recommendations into routine care practices, increasing the use of validated practice; 2) reducing unnecessary variation in care by a single physician or group of physicians, improving efficiency and timeliness and reducing disparities; and (3) standardizing care processes, improving safety. Pathways make it easier to identify opportunities for future improvements in care processes while simultaneously making those improvements easier to enact. Pedia...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Paul Kurtin, Erin Stucky Tags: Driving Children's Healthcare Initiatives Source Type: journals

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Collaboration to Decrease Hospital-Acquired Bloodstream Infections: From Comparative Performance Reports to Improvement NetworksEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This two-part article provides a general guide to thinking about data-driven clinical performance evaluation and describes two statewide improvement networks anchored in such comparisons. Part 1 examines key ideas for making fair comparisons among providers. Part 2 describes the development of a data-driven collaborative that aims to reduce central line associated bloodstream infections in neonatal ICUs across New York State, and a more mature collaborative in California that has already succeeded in reducing these infections; it provides sufficient detail and tools to be of practical help to others seeking to create such ...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Joseph Schulman, David D. Wirtschafter, Paul Kurtin Tags: Driving Children's Healthcare Initiatives Source Type: journals

The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory: Measuring Pediatric Health-Related Quality of Life from the Perspective of Children and Their ParentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has been recognized as an important outcome, some contend the most important outcome for children's health care interventions. The PedsQL Measurement Model was designed as a modular approach to measuring pediatric health-related quality of life, developed to integrate the relative merits of generic and disease-specific approaches. We suggest that part of the process of improving the quality of health care includes measuring HRQOL outcomes from the perspective of children and their parents on a routine basis, consistent with a consumer-based health care system approach. (Source: Pediat...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: James W. Varni, Christine A. Limbers Tags: Q2 Measures Source Type: journals

Quality Improvement, Clinical Research, and Quality Improvement Research—Opportunities for IntegrationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes some of the opportunities for and challenges of integrating QI and more traditional forms of clinical research to achieve broad improvements in medical care. The authors suggest that such integration would include more active experimentation in the health care delivery system and that the application of QI methods offers a rational, effective, and reasonably fast method to support the learning required to adapt new knowledge to specific practice environments and to create and test innovations needed to improve systems of care delivery. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Peter Margolis, Lloyd P. Provost, Pamela J. Schoettker, Maria T. Britto Tags: Q2 Measures Source Type: journals

Approach to Improving Quality: the Role of Quality Measurement and a Case Study of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Pediatric Quality IndicatorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes the current landscape for measurement in pediatrics compared to adult care, provides a case study of the development and application of a publicly available and federally funded pediatric indicator set using routinely collected hospital discharge data, and addresses challenges and opportunities in selecting and using measures as a function of intended purpose. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Kathryn M. McDonald Tags: Q2 Measures Source Type: journals

Modifying the Toyota Production System for Continuous Performance Improvement in an Academic Children's HospitalEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article provides background into the methods of CPI and describes examples of how we have applied these methods for improvement in clinical care, resident teaching, and research administration. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: F. Bruder Stapleton, James Hendricks, Patrick Hagan, Mark DelBeccaro Tags: QI Methods Source Type: journals

Model for Improvement - Part Two: Measurement and Feedback for Quality Improvement EffortsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article presents a pragmatic approach to measurement and feedback for quality improvement efforts in local health care settings, such as hospitals or clinical practices. The authors include evidence-based strategies from health care and other industries, augmented with practical examples from the authors' collective years of experience designing measurement and feedback strategies. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Greg Randolph, Megan Esporas, Lloyd Provost, Sara Massie, David G. Bundy Tags: QI Methods Source Type: journals

Model for Improvement - Part 1: A Framework for Health Care QualityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Model for Improvement is a rigorous and reasonable method for busy health care practitioners to use to improve patient outcomes. The use of this model requires practice for clinicians to be comfortable, but mastery is critical to develop the necessary skills to participate in quality improvement initiatives. The future of health care in the United States depends on every practitioner delivering safe, effective, and efficient care. The case study demonstrates how this methodology can be applied in any busy health care setting. Incorporating this approach to quality improvement into daily work will improve clinical outco...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Cheryl D. Courtlandt, Laura Noonan, Leonard G. Feld Tags: QI Methods Source Type: journals

Unwarranted Variation in Pediatric Medical CareEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article provides a survey on the concepts, methods, and applications of the study of unwarranted variation in health care with particular attention to children's medical services. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: David C. Goodman Tags: Overview Source Type: journals

Making the Case to Improve Quality and Reduce Costs in Pediatric Health CareEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article makes a case for the urgent need to improve health care quality and reduce costs. It provides an overview of the importance of the quality movement and the definition of quality, including the concept of clinical and operational quality. Some national drivers for quality improvement as well as drivers of escalating health care costs are discussed, along with the urgency of reducing health care costs. The link between quality and cost is reviewed using the concept of value in health care, which combines quality and cost in the same equation. The article ends with a discussion of future directions of the quality...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Ramesh C. Sachdeva, Shabnam Jain Tags: Overview Source Type: journals

Foreword: A Great Start and A Long Way to GoEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Could any of us have imagined how far the field of pediatric quality improvement would come in less than two decades? The number of individuals who were committing their careers to pediatric quality—either through research or management—could likely have fit within a telephone booth, and certainly within a minivan, in the early 1990s. In looking at the contents of this issue of the Pediatric Clinics of North America, it is clear how far our field has come—how much greater the breadth and number of individuals involved, how much deeper our understanding of the nature of our quality problem, how much improved our tools...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Charles J. Homer Source Type: journals

PrefaceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Few issues are more central to the ongoing debate about health care in the United States than the quality and cost of care. As we start tackling some of these issues, three simple but eloquent statements should be engrained in our minds: (1) Business as usual will not help us achieve the health care system that our children deserve. (2) Every system is perfectly designed to achieve exactly the results it gets. (3) Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Willing is not enough; we must do. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Leonard G. Feld, Shabnam Jain Source Type: journals

ErratumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An error appeared in the article “Molecular and Cellular Basis of Congenital Heart Disease” in the October 2006 issue of Pediatric Clinics of North America. In Table 1 on page 997, the incidence of the syndromes listed is incorrect. The incidence should be per 100,000 live births. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

Forthcoming IssuesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

ContentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - July 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - May 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: journals

Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Heart DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article presents advancements in the field of fetal echocardiography and the significant impact of these within the fields of pediatric cardiology, perinatology, and neonatology. A prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease allows for improved counseling of the parents, guides the timing and optimal location of delivery, and allows appropriate planning and consultation between the cardiologist and neonatologist. It also facilitates accurate diagnosis and management of fetal arrhythmias, identifies potential candidates for in utero cardiac intervention, and serves as the imaging guidance technique for these procedu...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - May 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pei-Ni Jone, Kenneth O. Schowengerdt Source Type: journals

Group B Streptococcus and Early-Onset Sepsis in the Era of Maternal ProphylaxisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite an era of marked success with universal screening, Group B Streptococcus (GBS) continues to be an important cause of early-onset sepsis, and thus remains a significant public health issue. Improved eradication of GBS colonization and disease may involve universal screening in conjunction with rapid diagnostic technologies or other novel approaches. Given the complications and potential limitations associated with maternal intrapartum prophylaxis, however, vaccines may be the most effective means of preventing neonatal GBS disease. The global utility of conjugated GBS vaccines may be hampered by the variability of s...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - May 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Joyce M. Koenig, William J. Keenan Source Type: journals

Identification of Neonates at Risk for Hazardous Hyperbilirubinemia: Emerging Clinical InsightsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hyperbilirubinemia is the most common condition requiring evaluation and treatment in neonates. Identifying among all newborns those few at risk to develop marked hyperbilirubinemia is a clinical challenge. Clinical, epidemiologic, and genetic risk factors associated with severe hyperbilirubinemia include late preterm gestational age, exclusive breastfeeding, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, ABO hemolytic disease, East Asian ethnicity, jaundice observed in the first 24 hours of life, cephalohematoma or significant bruising, and history of a previous sibling treated with phototherapy. It is increasingly apparen...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - May 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Jon F. Watchko Source Type: journals

Commonly Encountered Surgical Problems in the Fetus and NeonateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article includes an update of the recent information on commonly encountered fetal and neonatal surgical problems, highlighting specific areas of controversy and challenges in diagnosis. The authors hope that this article is useful for trainees and practitioners involved in any aspect of fetal and neonatal care. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - May 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Emily F. Durkin, Aimen Shaaban Source Type: journals

Neurodevelopmental Outcome of the Premature InfantEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Advances in antenatal medicine and neonatal intensive care have successfully resulted in improved survival rates of preterm infants. These improvements have been most dramatic in infants born extremely low birth weight (ELBW, ≤1000 g) and at the limits of viability (22 to 25 weeks). But improvements in survival have not been accompanied by proportional reductions in the incidence of disability in this population. Thus, survival is not an adequate measure of success in these infants who remain at high risk for neurodevelopmental and behavioral morbidities. There is now increasing evidence of sustained adverse outcomes int...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - May 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Bonnie E. Stephens, Betty R. Vohr Source Type: journals

Regionalization and Mortality in Neonatal Intensive CareEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article examines the outcome data for very low birth weight infants in low-volume, mid-volume, and high-volume neonatal ICUs (NICUs) and argues for regionalization of NICU services on the basis of both medical outcomes and economic rationality. It recognizes some of the obstacles to regionalization of these services and presents ways to surmount them. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - May 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Scott T. Holmstrom, Ciaran S. Phibbs Source Type: journals

Use of Therapeutic Hypothermia for Term Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic EncephalopathyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Newborn encephalopathy represents a clinical syndrome with diverse causes, many of which may result in brain injury. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy represents a subset of newborns with encephalopathy and, in contrast to other causes, may have a modifiable outcome. Laboratory research has demonstrated robust neuroprotection associated with reductions of brain temperature following hypoxia-ischemia in animals. The neuroprotective effects of hypothermia reflect antagonism of multiple cascades of events that contribute to brain injury. Clinical trials have translated laboratory observations into successful interventions. Hypo...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - May 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Abbot R. Laptook Source Type: journals