Pediatric Exercise ScienceThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the latest items in this publication.

Pages: 1 2

Association of perceived environmental characteristics and participation in organized and non-organized physical activities of adolescents.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Specific behavior context such as type of PA (organized vs. nonorganized) might be associated with different environmental correlates. The main goal of this cross-sectional survey was to examine perceived environmental associations with type of adolescents' physical activity (PA) choices (organized and nonorganized). A sample of this study comprised 425 girls with mean age of 14.5 years-old. Environmental variables and PA were assessed by questionnaire, which allowed to define the type (organized or nonorganized) of PA. No associations were found between environmental perceptions and the participation in organized acti...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Mota J, Almeida M, Santos R, Ribeiro JC, Santos MP Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Allometric associations between body size, shape, and physical performance of greek children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, allometric models provide a valuable insight into the most appropriate body size and shape characteristics associated with children's physical performances and at the same time ensure valid inference when investigating group/population differences (e.g., between gender and maturation status). PMID: 19556627 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Nevill A, Tsiotra G, Tsimeas P, Koutedakis Y Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Personal characteristics and demographic factors associated with objectively measured physical activity in children attending preschool.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Independent associations between personal- and demographic characteristics and physical activity in 3-6 year old children attending preschool were identified in this study. Boys spent a larger proportion of the time on moderate-and-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; p < .001) and had a higher total physical activity level compared with girls (p < .001). The 3-4 year old children spent less time on MVPA and had a lower total physical activity level compared with both 4-5 (p < .01) and 5-6 year old children (p < .001). The individual preschool, gender and age of preschool children were strong predictors of phy...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Grontved A, Pedersen GS, Andersen LB, Kristensen PL, Moller NC, Froberg K Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Factors related to objectively measured physical activity in preschool children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined correlates of objectively measured physical activity (PA) in a diverse sample of preschool children (age 3-5 years; n = 331). Accelerometer min.hr?1 of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and nonsedentary activity (NSA) were the outcome measures. Correlations among potential correlates and PA ranged from r= -0.12-0.26. Correlates in the final MVPA model were age, race, sex, BMI Z score, and parent perception of athletic competence, explaining 37% of the variance. The NSA model included the latter two variables, explaining 35% of the variance. Demographic factors were correlates of PA; parent p...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pfeiffer KA, Dowda M, McIver KL, Pate RR Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Physical fitness and developmental coordination disorder in greek children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated whether children with suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD+) demonstrate different physical fitness levels compared with their normal peers (DCD-). Randomly recruited Greek children (n = 177) were assessed for body mass index (BMI), flexibility (SR), vertical jump (VJ), hand strength (HS), 40m dash, aerobic power, and motor proficiency. ANCOVA revealed a motor proficiency (i.e., DCD group) effect for BMI (p < .01), VJ (p < .01), and 40m speed (p < .01), with DCD+ children demonstrating lower values than DCD-. Differences between DCD+ and DCD- were also obtained in log-transformed ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Tsiotra GD, Nevill AM, Lane AM, Koutedakis Y Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Modifying middle school physical education: piloting strategies to increase physical activity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two pilot studies were conducted to examine whether 6th grade students can achieve moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from 1) activity-based physical education (AB-PE) with 585 participants and 2) a curricular-based (CB-PE) program with 1,544 participants and randomly sampled heart rates during lessons. AB-PE participants spent between 54-66% with a heart rate >140 bpm. CB-PE participants spent between 49-58% with a heart rate >140 bpm. Girls' mean heart rate was 3.7 bpm lower than the boys. PE can be readily modified so that students spend more than 50% of time in MVPA. < PMID: 19556623 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Jago R, McMurray RG, Bassin S, Pyle L, Bruecker S, Jakicic JM, Moe E, Murray T, Volpe SL Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Effects of exercise mode on the oxygen uptake kinetic response to severe-intensity exercise in prepubertal children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to verify the effect of the exercise mode on slow component of VO2 (VO2SC) in children aged 11-12 years during severe-intensity exercise. After determination of the lactate threshold (LT) and peak VO2 (VO2peak) in both cycling (CE) and running exercise (TR), fourteen active boys completed a series of "square-wave" transitions of 6-min duration at 75%? [75%? = LT + 0.75 3 (VO2peak-LT)] to determine the VO2 kinetics. The VO2SC was significantly higher in CE (180.5 +/- 155.8 ml . min-1) than in TR (113.0 +/- 84.2 ml . min-1). We can conclude that, although a VO2SC does indeed develop during TR ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Machado FA, Guglielmo LG, Greco CC, Denadai BS Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Effects of Group and IndividualBased Step Goals on Childrens Physical Activity Levels in School.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the effect of a 6-week school-based pedometer intervention for children. It compared the number of step counts between group- and individual-based step goal conditions over time, and compared the number of goal attainments between the two step goal conditions by physical activity levels. Ninety-nine 4th-grade students' (50 boys, 49 girls) data were analyzed. Overall step counts continued to increase over time, increasing about 19% from baseline. Different step goal conditions produced similar effects on children's physical activity levels across all time points. The number of goal attainments was higher...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Kang M, Brinthaupt TM Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Oxygen uptake kinetics in children and adolescents: a review.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The pulmonary oxygen uptake (pVO2) kinetic response at the onset of exercise provides a noninvasive window into the metabolic activity of the muscle and a valuable means of increasing our understanding of developmental muscle metabolism. However, to date only limited research has been devoted to investigating the pVO2 kinetic response during exercise in children and adolescents. From the rigorous studies that have been conducted, both age- and sex-related differences have been identified. Specifically, children display a faster exponential rise in the phase II pVO2 kinetics, which are purported to reflect the rise in m...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Armstrong N, Barker AR Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Validity of fat-free weight equations for estimating mean and peak power in high school wrestlers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to cross-validate the fat-free weight (FFW) equations derived on nonathletic children and adolescents for estimating mean power (MP) and peak power (PP) in high school wrestlers. One hundred and three male high school wrestlers performed the Wingate Anaerobic Test to estimate MP and PP, as well as underwater weighing to determine FFW. The following equations were used to estimate the MP and PP of the wrestlers in the current study.MP (w) = 9.3 (FFW) - 109.8 EQ.1. PP (W) = 14.1 (FFW) - 162.1 EQ. 2. The results in the current study indicated that as percent of the mean values, the equation t...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Zuniga J, Housh TJ, Mielke M, Camic CL, Hendrix CR, Johnson GO, Housh DJ, Schmidt RJ Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Environmental and safety barriers to youth physical activity in neighborhood parks and streets: reliability and validity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Few studies have explored barriers to physical activity in parks and streets among children, adolescents, and their parents. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the psychometric properties of a new survey of barriers to physical activity in neighborhood parks and streets. Adolescents and parents of children and adolescents completed surveys twice. Two barrier subscales (environment and safety) emerged that applied to both locations and all participant groups. Results generally supported acceptable, internal consistency as well as construct validity, but test-retest reliabilities were lower than desired. These sc...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Durant N, Kerr J, Harris SK, Saelens BE, Norman GJ, Sallis JF Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Circulating venous bubbles in children after diving.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Doppler ultrasonic detection of circulating venous bubbles after a scuba dive is a useful index of decompression safety in adults, since a relationship between bubbles and the risk of decompression sickness has been documented. No study, however, has investigated circulating venous bubbles in young recreational divers after their usual dives. The aim of this study was to determine whether these bubbles would be detected in children who performed a single dive without any modification in their diving habits. Ten young recreational divers (13.1 +/- 2.3 years) performed their usual air dive. They were Doppler-monitored 20...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Lemaitre F, Carturan D, Tourney-Chollet C, Gardette B Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Physical fitness, activity, and insulin dynamics in early pubertal children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objectives of this study were to identify the independent effect of physical activity and fitness on insulin dynamics in a cohort of European-, African-, and Hispanic-American children (n = 215) age 7-12 years and to determine if racial/ethnic in insulin dynamics could be statistically explained by racial/ethnic differences in physical activity or fitness. An intravenous glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling were used to derive the insulin sensitivity index (SI) and acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg). Fitness was assessed as VO2-170 and physical activity by accelerometer. Multiple regression models were tes...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Casazza K, Gower BA, Willig AL, Hunter GR, Fernandez JR Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Does the twenty meter shuttle-run test elicit maximal effort in 11- to 16-year-olds?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to determine if maximal effort, evidenced by peak HR was attained during the 20m shuttle-run test in a naturalistic setting. Shuttle-run test performance and peak HR were measured in 208 volunteers (11-16 years). Peak HR was 196 (95% confidence interval (C.I.) 194-198 bpm). The relationship between test performance and peak HR was assessed by regression. There was a weak, but statistically significant relationship between test performance and peak HR (R2 = .029, p = .029) but with such a low coefficient of determination (less than 5% criterion), poor performances were not associated with low p...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Voss C, Sandercock G Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Reliability of Wingate testing in adolescents with Down syndrome.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) has not been used to assess individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and it is unknown if it is reliable in this population. We investigated the reliability of the WAnT in 19 adolescents with DS (age = 14.8 yrs; weight = 52.7 kg; height = 146.3 cm). Participants completed, on separate days, two standards WAnT using a resistance of 0.7 Nm x body weight (kg) in individuals > 14 years old, and 0.5 Nm x body weight (kg) in participants < 14 years of age. Data were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), dependent t tests and Bland-Altman plots. There was a significant dif...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Guerra M, Gine-Garriga M, Fernhall B Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

A descriptive study of lower-body strength and power in overweight adolescents.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The primary purpose of this investigation was to provide a descriptive analysis of lower-body strength and vertical jump performance in overweight male (n = 8) and female (n = 13) adolescents. Maximal strength was tested in the leg press and isometric squat. Kinetic and kinematic variables were assessed in vertical jumps at various loads. When compared with females, males demonstrated significantly greater (p < .05) absolute maximal strength in the leg press. However, when maximal strength was expressed relative to body mass, no significant difference was observed. There were no significant differences between males...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Nuzzo JL, Cavill MJ, Triplett NT, McBride JM Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Exercise leukocyte profiles in healthy, type 1 diabetic, overweight, and asthmatic children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Leukocytosis contributes to exercise-induced immune modulation, which is a mechanism of cardiovascular protection. However, this process is poorly defined in children. We therefore measured leukocytes in 45 healthy, 18 overweight, 16 type 1 diabetic, and 8 asthmatic children at pre, end-, and 30-min postexercise (30-min intermittent or 6-min continuous). In all groups, total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes increased at end-exercise, but returned to baseline by 30-min postexercise, including neutrophils, previously reported to remain elevated for at least some exercise formats. This highly preserved ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Rosa JS, Schwindt CD, Oliver SR, Leu SY, Flores RL, Galassetti PR Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Aerobic fitness data for Dutch adolescents (2002-2005).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The article presents the current performance capacity in 11-15 year old Dutch adolescents who participated in an incremental cycle test (n = 509) and or in a shuttle run test (N = 1,198). Cycle test results increased significantly with age in both genders, also after normalization to body weight. Shuttle run test results increased significantly with age only in boys. Compared with previous data, the absolute performance capacity in the cycle tests was comparable to data from 15 years ago, whereas the performance capacity normalized to kg body weight and the shuttle run test results seem to be fairly lower compared with...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Slinger J, van Breda E, Kuipers H Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Aerobic (un)trainability of children: mitochondrial biogenesis and the "crowded cell" hypothesis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19411706 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Rowland T Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Effect of rest interval length on bench press performance in boys, teens, and men.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to assess the lifting performance of boys (N = 12; age 11.3 +/- 0.8 yr), teens (N = 13; age 13.6 +/- 0.6 yr), and men (N = 17; age 21.4 +/- 2.1 yr) to various rest interval (RI) lengths on the bench press exercise. Each subject performed 3 sets with a 10 repetition maximum load and a 1, 2, and 3 min RI between sets. Significant differences in lifting performance between age groups were observed within each RI for selected sets with boys and teens performing significantly more total repetitions than adults following protocols with 1 min (27.9 +/- 3.1, 26.9 +/- 3.9, and 18.2 +/- 4.1, respect...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Faigenbaum AD, Ratamess NA, McFarland J, Kaczmarek J, Coraggio MJ, Kang J, Hoffman JR Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Critical hours: physical activity and sedentary behavior of adolescents after school.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study examined physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns of adolescents between 15.30h and 18.30h. The sample for this study is 1,484 (boys: n = 561; girls: n = 923). Boys and girls reported 21 and 19 min of physical activity and 24 and 26 min of homework respectively during this period. Technology-based sedentary behavior (TV viewing, computer and video game use) was significantly higher in boys than girls (boys = 50 mins; girls = 35 mins; p < .05). The most prevalent behaviors after school are technology-based sedentary behavior, homework and physical activity. During these hours, engagement in...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Atkin AJ, Gorely T, Biddle SJ, Marshall SJ, Cameron N Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) as a Measure of Energy Expenditure During Classroom-Based Physical Activity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this investigation was to develop an equation to estimate physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) during a 10-min physically active academic lesson using The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) and demographic information. PAEE (portable indirect calorimeter) and physical activity (SOFIT) were simultaneously assessed in 38, 2nd through 5th grade children. PAEE and SOFIT were 3.04 +/- 1.1 (kcal/min) and 3.8 +/- 0.4 (score), respectively. PAEE was predicted from SOFIT score and body weight [PAEE (kcal/min) = (1.384*SOFIT + 0.084*weight (kg)-5.126), R = .81, SEE = 1.23 kcal/min]. PAEE meas...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Honas JJ, Washburn RA, Smith BK, Greene JL, Cook-Wiens G, Donnelly JE Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Skin microvascular reactivity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in relation to levels of physical activity and aerobic fitness.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No studies to date have evaluated the relationship between exercise and microvascular function in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Twenty-nine complication free children and adolescents with T1DM were assessed for skin microvascular reactivity, aerobic fitness (VO2peak) and physical activity. VO2peak but not physical activity was significantly and independently associated with maximal hyperemia of the skin microcirculation (p < .01). No significant associations were found between venoarteriolar reflex (VAR) vasoconstriction and VO2peak or physical activity. Aerobic fitness may be an important indicator or...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Roche DM, Edmunds S, Cable T, Didi M, Stratton G Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Impact of curriculum-based bone loading and nutrition education program on bone accrual in children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of jumping activities and nutrition education on bone accretion in prepubescents. Fourth-grade children were divided into four groups: jumping (n = 61), nutrition (n = 9), jumping plus nutrition (n = 14), and control (n = 28). Interventions spanned the fourth and fifth grade academic years. Assessments were gathered at 0, 8 and 20 months. Baseline BMD values were (mean +/- SD): lumbar (0.752 +/- 0.095 g/cm2), neck (0.794 +/- 0.089 g/cm2) and total (0.907 +/- 0.060 g/cm2). There was a significant increase in BMD over time. However, the interventions produced no ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Nichols DL, Sanborn CF, Essery EV, Clark RA, Letendre JD Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Lung function increases with increasing level of physical activity in school children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Little is known about the association between physical activity and lung function in childhood. We conducted a survey including parental reports of the child's participation in physical activity and measurements of lung function. The associations between physical activity and lung function were estimated by linear regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders in 2,537 children (9 to 10 years). Using the linear model in exploring the effect of physical activity on lung function with those who were physical active less than once a week as the reference category, showed that forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Berntsen S, Wisloff T, Nafstad P, Nystad W Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Aerobic exercise program reduces anger expression among overweight children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study tested the effect of a structured aerobic exercise program on anger expression in healthy overweight children. Overweight sedentary children were randomly assigned to an aerobic exercise program or a no-exercise control condition. All children completed the Pediatric Anger Expression Scale at baseline and posttest. Anger Out and Anger Expression scores were lower for the exercise condition at posttest. Fitness improvements contributed significantly to final models, and points earned for adherence correlated negatively with posttest Anger Out. An aerobic exercise program might be an effective strategy to reduce a...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Tkacz J, Young-Hyman D, Boyle CA, Davis CL Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

The contribution of stretch-shortening cycle and arm-swing to vertical jumping performance in children, adolescents, and adult basketball players.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined from childhood to adulthood: (1) the effects of countermovement (use of stretch-shortening cycle-SSC) and arm-swing (AS) on vertical jumping (VJ) performance and (2) the ability to use the SSC and AS during VJ. Male basketball players (n = 106) were divided according to their age into: children (12.0 +/- 0.23), young adolescents (14.5 +/- 0.41), old adolescents (16.9 +/- 0.27), and adults (21.9 +/- 0.32). Each participant executed three maximal squat jumps (SJ), countermovement jumps without arms (CMJ) and with arms (CMJA). The contribution of SSC and AS was calculated by the augmentation (difference an...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Gerodimos BO, Zafeiridis A, Perkos S, Dipla K, Manou V, Kellis S Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Exercise provocation test for growth hormone secretion: methodologic considerations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The diagnosis of Growth Hormone (GH) deficiency in children with short stature is complex, and in certain cases, might be very difficult. Most of the provocative tests used to evaluate GH deficiency use pharmacological agents. The artificial nature of the pharmacological tests and the possibility that these tests might not always reflect GH secretion under normal physiological conditions provides the impetus for a more physiologic test. Exercise is one of the important GH releasing physiological stimuli. This review will summarize the current knowledge on the methods for performing laboratory exercise provocation test ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Eliakim A, Nemet D Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

The Relationship Between Pedometer Step Counts and Estimated VO2Max as Determined by a Submaximal Fitness Test in Adolescents.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pedometer step counts and estimated VO2max as determined by a submaximal exercise test. Participants (N = 115; 65 girls, 50 boys) wore pedometers for five days and completed the Queen's College Step Test (QCST). Based on these results participants were classified as HIGH, MOD, or LOW cardiorespiratory fitness. Boys accumulated more steps per day (p < .05) than girls (12,766 +/- 4,923 versus 10,887 +/- 2,656). The relationship between estimated VO2max and mean steps/day was moderate (r = .34, p < .01). Participants classified as having HIGH fitness ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Lubans DR, Morgan PJ, Callister R, Collins CE Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Predicting physical activity intention and behavior in school-age children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two studies were conducted to predict physical activity in school-aged children. Study 1 tested the utility of an integrated model in predicting physical activity (PA) intention and behavior-the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and self-efficacy theory. Six hundred and forty-five New Zealand children (aged 11-13 years) completed measures corresponding to the integrated model and a self-reported measure of PA one week later. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norm were the two strongest predictors of intentions. Task efficacy and barrier efficacy were the two strongest predictors of PA. A second study (St...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Foley L, Prapavessis H, Maddison R, Burke S, McGowan E, Gillanders L Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Use of session rating of perceived exertion for monitoring resistance exercise in children who are overweight or obese.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of the OMNI Resistance Exercise scale (OMNI-RES) for monitoring the intensity of different modes of resistance training in children who are overweight or obese. Sixty-one children (mean age = 9.7 +/- 1.4 years) performed three resistance training sessions every week for 4 weeks. Each session consisted of three sets of 3-15 repetitions of eight different resistance exercises. OMNI-RES RPE measures (0-10) were obtained following each set and following the end of the exercise session. There was a significant difference between average RPE (1.68 +/- 0.61) and Session RPE...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: McGuigan MR, Al Dayel A, Tod D, Foster C, Newton RU, Pettigrew S Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Sociocultural correlates of physical activity in children and adolescents: findings from the danish arm of the European youth heart study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cross-sectional associations between sociocultural factors and objectively-measured physical activity in a sample of 397 children (aged 9) and 213 adolescents (aged 15) were investigated. Associations with children's physical activity were found for mothers' physical activity (Beta = 80, p < .01), parental participation (Beta = 67, p = .01), mother's age (Beta=-8, p < .01) and, in girls, fathers' physical activity (Beta=73, p = .045; R2 for final model: 10.6%). No sociocultural factors were significantly associated with adolescents' physical activity. Parental factors might be important targets for interventions ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: McMinn AM, van Sluijs EM, Wedderkopp N, Frobert K, Griffin SJ Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

An algorithm for identifying physical activity patterns from motion data.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An algorithm was developed to describe how physical activity (PA) patterns relate to overall motion counts. Thirty-five children wore an accelerometer (7-days). Each motion count was compared with the mean of surrounding counts within 21 min. Counts per minute similar to the mean were grouped into bouts. Counts that differed by more than 20% of the coefficient of variations (based on the mean and SD of the 21 min period) indicated transitions between bouts. Children with more daily motion had more and longer moderate (MPA) and vigorous (VPA) bouts, higher counts during MPA bouts, and more transitions from VPA to VPA bo...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Dorsey KB, Herrin J, Krumholz HM Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Effect of relative changes in anthropometry during childhood on muscular power production in pedaling: a biomechanical simulation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
When performing skillful movement muscular and nonmuscular forces act in concert to produce a resultant force that complies with the goal of the task. Nonmuscular forces are directly dependent on the anthropometry of the performer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of age-related changes in relative anthropometric characteristics between 5 and 10 years of age on muscular power production during pedaling. A secondary purpose was to determine the dependence of this effect on movement speed. A torque-driven model of two-legged pedaling was used to track experimental kinematics and forces obtained from ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Korff T, Jensen JL Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Differences in physical activity levels between white and South asian children in the United kingdom.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to compare physical activity levels between white and South Asian children in the UK. The data were obtained from 606, 11-14 year old schoolchildren (397 white; 209 Asian). Physical activity was assessed using the 'four by one day' recall questionnaire from which the time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity was calculated. Boys were significantly more active than girls (p = .0001), and white children reported significantly greater physical activity than south Asian children (p = .001). Mean +/- SD of time spent in moderate and vigorous activity was 90.2 +/- 65.4 mins and 68.2 ...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Duncan MJ, Woodfield L, Al-Nakeeb Y, Nevill AM Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Asymmetry in volume between dominant and nondominant upper limbs in young tennis players.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aimed at demonstrating the asymmetry in volume between the dominant and nondominant upper limbs in tennis players, controlled for maturity status. Upper limb volumes on both sides were calculated in 72 tennis players and 84 control subjects, using the truncated cone method. The participants' maturity status was determined using the predicted age at peak height velocity (PHV). The results showed significant larger side-to-side asymmetry in volume in tennis groups than in control groups. These findings suggested that, even before PHV, specific-sport adaptations occurred in the dominant upper limb in tennis players...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Rogowski I, Ducher G, Brosseau O Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Longitudinal stability of sedentary behaviors and physical activity during early adolescence.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to examine the stability of sedentary behaviors and physical activity in Estonian school children aged 11-12 year at the beginning of the study. In addition, the consequence of changes in sedentary behaviors on a change in physical activity was investigated. Adolescents (N = 345) completed the 3-Day Physical Activity Recall on four occasions over a 22-month period. Results indicated the curvilinear changes in sedentary behaviors and physical activity across time. There was a significant decrease in physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviors across three years. Stability coeff...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - August 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Raudsepp L, Neissaar I, Kull M Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Effects of single-leg drop-landing exercise from different heights on skeletal adaptations in prepubertal girls: a randomized controlled study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Few studies have explored osteogenic potential of prepubertal populations. We conducted a 28-week school-based exercise trial of single-leg drop-landing exercise with 42 prepubertal girls (6 to 10 years) randomly assigned to control (C), low-drop (LD) or high-drop (HD) exercise groups. The latter two groups performed single-leg drop-landings (3 sessions/week-1 and 50 landings/session-1) from 14 cm(LD) and 28 cm(HD) using the nondominant leg. Osteogenic responses were assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Single-leg peak ground-reaction impact forces (PGRIF) in a subsample ranged from 2.5 to 4.4 x body-...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Wiebe PN, Blimkie CJ, Farpour-Lambert N, Briody J, Marsh D, Kemp A, Cowell C, Howman-Giles R Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Race Differences in Activity, Fitness, and BMI in Female Eighth Graders Categorized by Sports Participation Status.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to identify racial differences in physical activity (PA), fitness, and BMI in female 8th-grade sports participants and nonparticipants. Girls from 31 South Carolina middle schools (N = 1,903, 48% White; mean age = 13.6 +/- 0.63) reported PA and previous year sports-team participation, completed a submaximal fitness test, and had height and weight measured. Sports team participation was positively associated with PA and negatively associated with television viewing and BMI, in a dose-response manner. Compared with Whites, African-Americans reported less PA and more television viewing, and h...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Sirard JR, Pfeiffer KA, Dowda M, Pate RR Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Validation of the RT3 Accelerometer for Measuring Physical Activity of Children in Simulated Free-Living Conditions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This is a validation study of the RT3 accelerometer for measuring physical activities of children in simulated free-living conditions. Twenty-five children age 12-14 years completed indoor testing, and 18 of them completed outdoor testing. Activity counts from the RT3 accelerometer estimated activity energy expenditure (AEE) and the Cosmed K4b2 analyzer measured oxygen uptake. Correlations were found between activity counts and metabolic cost (r = .95, p < .001), metabolic cost and RT3 estimated AEE (r = .96, p < .001) in the indoor test, activity counts and RT3 estimated AEE (r = .97, p < .001) in the outdoor...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Sun DX, Schmidt G, Teo-Koh SM Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

The Effect of Structured Exercise Classes and a Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Primary Schoolchildren: An Exploratory* Trial (The A-CLASS Project).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This exploratory trial evaluates the effect of a structured exercise (STEX) or lifestyle intervention (PASS) program upon cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors in children. Sixty-one schoolchildren were randomly assigned by school to an intervention or control (CON) condition. The effect of the STEX (compared with CON) was a mean benefit of -0.018 mm for average maximum carotid intimamedia thickness. The PASS intervention did not result in clinically important effects, and no other substantial changes were observed. Relatively high probability of clinically beneficial effects of the STEX intervention suggests that a...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hehaghan J, McWhannell N, Foxweather L, Cable NT, Batterham AM, Stratton G, George KP Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Augmented muscle vasodilatory responses in obese children with glu27 B 2-adrenoceptor polymorphism.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined forearm vasodilatation during mental challenge and exercise in 72 obese children (OC; age = 10 +/- 0.1 years) homozygous with polymorphism in the allele 27 of the B 2-adrenoceptors: Gln27 (n = 61) and Glu27 (n = 11). Forearm blood flow was recorded during 3 min of each using the Stroop color-word test (MS) and handgrip isometric exercise. Baseline hemodynamic and vascular measurements were similar. During the MS, peak forearm vascular conductance was significantly greater in group Glu27 (? = 0.35 +/- 0.4 vs. 0.12 +/- 0.1 units, respectively, p = .042). Similar results were found during exercise (? = 0.6...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: da Silva AG, Ribeiro MM, Trombetta IC, Nicolau C, Frazzatto E, Guazzelli I, Matos LN, Halbern A, Negrao CE, Villares SM Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Physical self-esteem of adolescents with regard to physical activity and pubertal status.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity and pubertal status differences in the multiple dimensions of physical self-esteem of Turkish adolescents. The current study also aimed to investigate the gender differences in the physical self-esteem. The pubertal status of participants was determined by a self-report questionnaire. The Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile and a weekly activity checklist were administered to 803 adolescents (Mage = 13.10 +/- 0.93). Analysis revealed significant main effects of physical activity on the multiple dimensions of physical self-esteem for both boy...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Altintas A, Asci FH Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Acute affective responses to prescribed and self-selected exercise intensities in young adolescent boys and girls.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the patterning of acute affective responses to prescribed and self-selected exercise intensities in a young adolescent population. Twenty-two young adolescents (13.3 +/- .33 years) completed a maximal exercise test to identify ventilatory threshold (VT). Participants then completed two prescribed intensities (one set above and one below the VT) and a self-selected intensity. Pre-, during, and postexercise affective valence was measured. Results revealed that during exercise, affective valence assessed by the Feeling Scale (FS) remained positive in the self-selected and low-intensity conditions but decli...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Sheppard KE, Parfitt G Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Sweat electrolyte loss in asthmatic children during exercise in the heat.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study assessed sweat electrolyte concentration and losses in asthmatic children during exercise in the heat. Eleven asthmatics (AG; 11 +/- 2 years old) and 11 nonasthmatics (CG; 10 +/- 1 year old) underwent a maximal progressive cycleergometer test. During a second session, participants cycled in the heat (35 degrees C, 60% RH) of a climatic chamber for 30 min at 50-60% of maximal workload. Sweat was collected using sweat patches attached to the dorsal region. No differences were observed in sweat [Na+] (AG = 35 +/- 12.9 and CG = 43.4 +/- 18 mmol/L) and [Cl-] (AG = 27.3 +/- 10.4 and CG = 38.5 +/- 19.1 mmol/L). There w...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Laitano O, Martins J, Mattiello R, Perrone C, Fischer GB, Meyer F Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Reductionist versus systems biology: a genetic standoff.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
"Scientists and others tend to be quite fond of neat, clear-cut patterns. Nature is not. Nature is inherently messy." Denis Noble, 2006. PMID: 18579893 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Rowland T Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

The effect of structured exercise classes and a lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in primary schoolchildren: an exploratory trial (The A-CLASS Project).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This exploratory trial evaluates the effect of a structured exercise (STEX) or lifestyle intervention (PASS) program upon cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors in children. Sixty-one schoolchildren were randomly assigned by school to an intervention or control (CON) condition. The effect of the STEX (compared with CON) was a mean benefit of -0.018 mm for average maximum carotid intimamedia thickness. The PASS intervention did not result in clinically important effects, and no other substantial changes were observed. Relatively high probability of clinically beneficial effects of the STEX intervention suggests that a...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hehaghan J, McWhannell N, Foxweather L, Cable NT, Batterham AM, Stratton G, George KP Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Augmented muscle vasodilatory responses in obese children with Glu27 beta-2-adrenoceptor polymorphism.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined forearm vasodilatation during mental challenge and exercise in 72 obese children (OC; age = 10 +/- 0.1 years) homozygous with polymorphism in the allele 27 of the beta-2-adrenoceptors: Gln27 (n = 61) and Glu27 (n = 11). Forearm blood flow was recorded during 3 min of each using the Stroop color-word test (MS) and handgrip isometric exercise. Baseline hemodynamic and vascular measurements were similar. During the MS, peak forearm vascular conductance was significantly greater in group Glu27 (Delta = 0.35 +/- 0.4 vs. 0.12 +/- 0.1 units, respectively, p = .042). Similar results were found during exercise (...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - May 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: da Silva AG, Ribeiro MM, Trombetta IC, Nicolau C, Frazzatto E, Guazzelli I, Matos LN, Halbern A, Negrão CE, Villares SM Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Physical activity level and related factors in adolescents with cerebral palsy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to describe the physical activity level of adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and to investigate the associated factors. The physical activity level was measured by means of a questionnaire filled in by the parents of 72 adolescents with CP (12-16 years of age) and expressed in METs. Older age, female gender, and hip dysplasia were significantly associated with a lower level of physical activity. Eighty-nine percent were not physically active enough according to the Dutch norm. Physical activity needs to be promoted, especially among older adolescents with CP (age 14-16 years), girls, an...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: van Eck M, Dallmeijer AJ, Beckerman H, van den Hoven PA, Voorman JM, Becher JG Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals

Childrens after school activity: asociations with weight status and family circumstance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated children's after-school activity and associations with body mass index (BMI) and family circumstance. One thousand two hundred thirty-four parents and 854 children (age 8-13 years) completed activity diaries for the 2 hours after school. Parents reported children as more active than children reported themselves. Boys were reported to be more active than girls. Activity levels were generally not associated with BMI or family circumstance with the exception of cultural background. Parent-reported mean child METs were higher for mothers born in Australia (3.3 vs. 3.0; p = .02). Child-reported mean METs...
Source: Pediatric Exercise Science - February 1, 2008 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hesketh K, Graham M, Waters E Tags: Pediatr Exerc Sci Source Type: journals