Pediatric NeurologyThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

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Instructions to ContributorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: journals

Table of ContentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: journals

Subject IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Source Type: journals

Author IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Source Type: journals

CalendarEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Calendar Source Type: journals

Autism: Current Theories and EvidenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Parents of children with autistic spectrum disorders are frustrated by the healthcare professional's inability to tell them what caused their child's disease, and are desperate to find a “cure” that will allow their children to live independently, to have friends, and to communicate effectively. Too often, these parents are willing to pay thousands of dollars for unproven “therapies” that offer no evidence in support of their use, and that may even be dangerous. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Doris A. Trauner Tags: Book Reviews Source Type: journals

Diseases of the Nervous System in ChildhoodEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The third edition of this fine textbook continues the high standards set by the first two editions of 1992 and 1998. Significant new information about neurologic disorders affecting children has been discovered in the 11 years since the second edition. The third edition provides the reader with this new material in the same concise, complete, and informative manner as before. What has changed in this edition is the role of Professor Aicardi, who had previously been sole editor of, and contributor to, the vast majority of chapters. Here he is assisted by Dr. Martin Bax and Professor Christopher Gillberg. Additional authors ...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Marvin A. Fishman Tags: Book Reviews Source Type: journals

ResponseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Infection with rotavirus, a common pathogen for gastroenteritis in children, is occasionally associated with central nervous system involvement, manifesting from benign afebrile convulsion to lethal encephalopathy or encephalitis . We appreciate that Kato et al. have presented an additional case of rotavirus infection associated with transient splenial lesion of corpus callosum. Although the case we recently reported and their case exhibited different central nervous system manifestations, both cases share a similar change on the splenium of the corpus callosum during rotavirus infection, and both patients recovered within...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Seiji Fukuda, Takeshi Taketani, Seiji Yamaguchi Tags: Correspondence Source Type: journals

A Transient Lesion in the Corpus Callosum During Rotavirus InfectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To the Editor: Fukuda et al. recently reported a case with a transient lesion in the corpus callosum during rotavirus infection. We have just encountered a similar case, and our review suggests the need to reevaluate the spectrum of central nervous system involvement in rotavirus infections. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Zenichiro Kato, Kenji E. Orii, Masahiro Morimoto, Hideo Sasai, Michinori Funato, Seiko Sawatari, Hideaki Kuwabara, Naomi Kondo Tags: Correspondence Source Type: journals

Novel de novo Mutation in the KCNJ2 Gene in a Patient With Andersen-Tawil SyndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Andersen-Tawil syndrome is a rare autosomal-dominant disease characterized by episodic muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, and dysmorphic features. Mutations in the KCNJ2 gene (which encodes an inward-rectifying potassium channel protein, Kir2.1) have been reported to be responsible for this disorder. Reported here is a novel de novo mutation in the KCNJ2 gene in a patient with Andersen-Tawil syndrome. This mutation predicts the substitution of alanine for glycine at position 146 (Gly146Ala, c.437G > C) of Kir2.1 and is located at the extracellular pore loop region that serves as a principal ion-selective filter. The pat...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: June-Bum Kim, Ki-Wha Chung Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Vincristine-Induced Unilateral Ptosis in a ChildEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Vincristine is a vinca alkaloid used in combination with other agents in the treatment of solid tumors, lymphoma, and leukemia, as well as for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. A dose-limiting complication of vinca alkaloids is neurotoxicity. Vincristine is the oldest and also the most neurotoxic agent in this group. Described here is the case of a 4-year-old girl with unilateral palpebral ptosis. She has been diagnosed with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Ptosis was noted on the 45th day of therapy, and the last vincristine was administered on the 28th day of protocol 1. V...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Orhan Gursel, Erkan Sari, Demet Altun, A. Avni Atay, Ridvan Akin Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Secondary Tics or Tourettism Associated With a Brain TumorEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tourette syndrome is generally considered to be a genetic disorder, but symptoms mimicking Tourette syndrome can be secondary to an underlying lesion disrupting the basal ganglia circuitry. Described here is a case of secondary tics, or tourettism, in a child with a large oligodendroglioma of the right temporal lobe extending to the basal ganglia. He presented with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and stimulant-induced tic disorder at the age of 11 years, and later also had also seizures. The family history was unremarkable. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a right tempor...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Aimee F. Luat, Michael E. Behen, Csaba Juhász, Sandeep Sood, Harry T. Chugani Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Primary Intracranial Extra-Axial and Supratentorial Atypical Rhabdoid TumorEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report on magnetic resonance imaging findings of a 22-month-old boy with a biopsy-proven primary rhabdoid tumor, presenting as a single intracranial supratentorial extra-axial mass. Based on the patient's age and imaging features (perfusion, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy), a diagnosis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor was more accurate than diagnoses of meningioma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Although this entity is relatively rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dural-based, space-occupying central nervous system lesions. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Fabrice Bing, Frédérique Nugues, Sylvie Grand, Pierre Bessou, Caroline Salon Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Isolated Ptosis as Acute Ophthalmoplegia Without Ataxia, Positive for Anti-GQ1b Immunoglobulin GEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Anti-GQ1b IgG antibody syndrome comprises a wide range of diseases presenting with ophthalmoplegia and ataxia. Anti-GQ1b antibodies have been strongly associated in the literature with Miller Fisher Syndrome, with acute ophthalmoplegia associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome, and with isolated ophthalmoplegia. Acute ophthalmoplegia presents as various combinations of external and internal ophthalmoplegia. Reported here is a novel case of isolated ptosis as a manifestation of ophthalmoplegia. The present finding of bilateral ptosis and areflexia with anti-GQ1b IgG antibody positivity helps confirm the existence of the synd...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Geetanjali Jindal, Veena R. Parmar, Vipul K. Gupta Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Cerebrospinal Fluid Neopterin and Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic SyndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome is a category of autoinflammatory disorders caused by mutations of the NLRP3 gene, with chronic infantile neurologic cutaneous and articular syndrome being the severest clinical phenotype. Various pterins have been reported as mediating immunologic functions in the central nervous system, but to date studies of pterin cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) values and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome have been lacking. A 2-year-old child was affected with a severe atypical form of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, suspected based on the analysis of neopterin in CSF. He initially present...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Mercedes Serrano, Aida Ormazábal, Jordi Antón, Juan I. Aróstegui, Àngels García-Cazorla Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Giant Cystic Lesion in NeurofibromatosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the case of an asymptomatic 10-year-old girl with neurofibromatosis type 1, a concomitant cystic brain lesion was demonstrated on cranial magnetic resonance imaging. The nature of these cysts is unknown: they may represent cellular degeneration of the lesions imaged as unidentified bright objects, cystic cortical dysplasia, or giant Virchow-Robin spaces. The novel finding in this child of coexisting unusual cystic lesion and neurofibromatosis could be coincidental; however, recent report of an asymptomatic cystic lesion in two patients with neurofibromatosis suggests otherwise. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Rony Cohen, Liora Kornreich, Avinoam Shuper Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Age-Dependent Spike Localization in Various Epileptic SyndromesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The electroencephalograms from 276 patients with localization-related epilepsy were analyzed to compare the distribution of spike foci in different age groups. Patients were divided into five groups according to spike location in the frontal, central, temporal, occipital, or multiple cortical regions. The age of peak incidence was earliest in patients with occipital foci, followed by those with central foci and then those with frontal foci. A bimodal age distribution of patients with temporal foci was observed. Symptomatic patients frequently exhibited multiple and frontal foci, and a large number of idiopathic patients ha...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Harumi Yoshinaga, Katsuhiro Kobayashi, Yumiko Ishizaki, Mari Wakai, Yusuke Tominaga, Takanori Matsuoka, Yoko Ohtsuka Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Metabolic Alterations During Valproic Acid Treatment: A Prospective StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We prospectively examined the effects of valproic acid on the endocrine system and metabolic variables in epileptic children. Patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic epilepsy were included in the study. Laboratory and clinical variables were assessed before and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. In total, 30 patients (mean age, 8.6 ± 4.4 years S.D.) were investigated. Body mass index and body mass index standard deviation scores of patients increased significantly during treatment. Although there was no statistical significance regarding fasting glucose, serum insulin, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein choleste...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Ayhan Abaci, Murat Saygi, Uluc Yis, Korcan Demir, Eray Dirik, Ece Bober Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Childhood Absence Epilepsy in Patients With Benign Focal Epileptiform DischargesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Few reports are available of ictal recordings in patients with benign focal epileptiform discharges. The study objective was to estimate the frequency of such recordings and to describe their clinical and electrophysiologic presentation. We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients undergoing routine electroencephalography (EEG) with video during a 10-year period. Among 214 patients with benign focal epileptiform discharges, 5 patients were identified with recorded EEG seizures (2.3%). Epilepsy syndromes included one case of benign focal epilepsy of childhood, three cases of childhood absence epilepsy, and in ...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Rani A. Sarkis, Tobias Loddenkemper, Richard C. Burgess, Elaine Wyllie Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

CD40 Ligand Deficiency: Neurologic Sequelae With Radiographic CorrelationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Patients with CD40 ligand deficiency are susceptible to central nervous system infections, but to date the neurologic progression or long-term outcome of central nervous system complications have not been reported in detail. Characterizing the central nervous system complications of immune deficiencies can lead to the identification of new pathogens. For this study, clinical data were reviewed on patients with both CD40 ligand deficiency and neurodegeneration, identified from a larger cohort of 31 patients. Five patients had progressive neurologic and cognitive decline in the absence of clinical signs of acute fulminant en...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Shrinivas Bishu, Deepak Madhavan, Phillip Perez, Lucy Civitello, Shuying Liu, Margaret Fessler, Steven M. Holland, Ashish Jain, Maryland Pao Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Analysis of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Children of TaiwanEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Convulsive status epilepticus is a medical emergency with significantly associated mortality and morbidity. The demographic data and outcomes of convulsive status epilepticus in children were collected for descriptive analysis. We retrospectively reviewed cases of convulsive status epilepticus in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Chang Gung Children's Hospital between 1999 and 2006. We enrolled 141 patients with 198 episodes of convulsive status epilepticus, aged 2 months to 18 years: 24.8% of first episodes developed convulsive status epilepticus, with a duration of over 60 minutes. First episodes of convulsive status ...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Kuang-Lin Lin, Jainn-Jim Lin, Shao-Hsuan Hsia, Chang-Teng Wu, Huei-Shyong Wang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Predicts Cognition in Pediatric Brain InjuryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, pooled regional and total brain diffusion coefficients were used to predict long-term outcomes in 17 pediatric brain injury patients. Apparent diffusion coefficient values were grouped into peripheral and deep gray and white matter, posterior fossa, and total brain. Regions of interest excluded areas that appeared abnormal on T2-weighted images. Apparent diffusion coefficient values from peripheral regions were inversely correlated with cognitive functioning. No significant correlations were apparent between the cognitive scores and apparent diffusion coefficient values for deep tissue or the posterior foss...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Talin Babikian, Karen A. Tong, Nicholas R. Galloway, Mary-Catherin Freier-Randall, André Obenaus, Stephen Ashwal Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

The Spectrum of Abnormal Neurologic Outcomes Subsequent to Term Intrapartum AsphyxiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to describe the spectrum of possible abnormal neurologic outcomes in term infants with intrapartum asphyxia and to identify those clinical factors associated with the later occurrence of cerebral palsy. All children with term intrapartum asphyxia encountered in a single pediatric neurologic practice with at least 2 years of follow-up and an abnormal neurologic outcome were identified. Abnormal outcomes were grouped into those with or without cerebral palsy. A total of 40 children (28 male, 12 female) met study criteria. Of these, 23 developed cerebral palsy; the remaining 17 children develope...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Nabil Al-Macki, Steven P. Miller, Nicholas Hall, Michael Shevell Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Chromosomal Microarray Interpretation: What Is a Child Neurologist to Do?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The chromosomal microarray now plays a central role in the evaluation of children with neurologic developmental disorders, including global developmental delay, mental retardation, and increasingly also autistic spectrum disorders. As arrays become more sophisticated and their use more widespread, the child neurologist is likely to encounter abnormal chromosomal microarray results. The interpretation of such data is not always straightforward. This review article discusses in a practical manner the nature of chromosomal microarray results, describes an algorithm to help the child neurologist navigate a variety of testing s...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Alex R. Paciorkowski, Min Fang Tags: Review Article Source Type: journals

Instructions to ContributorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: journals

Table of ContentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: journals

CalendarEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Calendar Source Type: journals

Preserved Crossed Corticospinal Tract and Hand Function Despite Extensive Brain MaldevelopmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Brain lesions acquired during the prenatal and perinatal period cause different types of structural pathologies, depending mainly on the stage of brain development at the time of the insult . Polymicrogyria and heterotopia originate from congenital disorders affecting neuronal migration (heterotopia) and organization (polymicrogyria) during fetal brain development in the first and second trimester of pregnancy and may be of variable extent. If only one hemisphere is affected by a congenital lesion, the contralesional hemisphere has great compensatory potential, which can far exceed the reorganizational capabilities in the ...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Hendrik Juenger, Vinod Kumar, Wolfgang Grodd, Martin Staudt, Ingeborg Krägeloh-Mann Tags: Images in Child Neurology Source Type: journals

Magnetoencephalographic Analysis in Patients With Vagus Nerve StimulatorEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of magnetoencephalography in epilepsy patients with a vagus nerve stimulator. Magnetoencephalography was performed in two patients with medically intractable epilepsy who had a vagus nerve stimulator. Because of the artifacts caused by the vagus nerve stimulator, no spikes could be identified in the original magnetoencephalographic data in either patient. The temporally extended signal space separation method was used to remove artifacts. After processing by this method, left temporoparietal spikes were clearly identified in patient 1. Equivalent current dipoles cal...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Naoaki Tanaka, Elizabeth A. Thiele, Joseph R. Madsen, Blaise F. Bourgeois, Steven M. Stufflebeam Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

A 10-Month-Old Infant With Reversible Findings of Brain DeathEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Death has occurred when there is irreversible loss of integration of the organism as a whole, and brain death is said to be a criterion for death. In the present case, a 10-month-old boy was found submerged in a bathtub and was given cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 37 minutes. He had received therapeutic dosing of phenobarbital and midazolam up to 5 hours prior to a brain death examination. He fulfilled all criteria for brain death according to Canadian Neurological Determination of Death Forum recommendations on an examination 42 hours after the drowning event, but started breathing another 15 hours later. Eleven previ...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Ari R. Joffe, Hanna Kolski, Jonathan Duff, Allan R. deCaen Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Immediate Relief of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Encephalitis Symptoms After Intravenous ImmunoglobulinEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the case of a 12-year-old patient who presented with acute onset of orofacial tics, motor restlessness, compulsive behavior, and cerebellar symptoms. Cerebrospinal fluid examination demonstrated lymphocytic meningitis. Polymerase chain reaction for M. pneumoniae was strongly positive in the cerebrospinal fluid. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid were negative for M. pneumoniae antibodies (immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G). The child was administered intravenous γ-globulin, which led to a dramatic improvement of her clinical condition and disappearance of the symptoms within 72 hours. This novel case points to th...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Caroline Chambert-Loir, Marie Ouachee, Kevin Collins, Philippe Evrard, Laurent Servais Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Early Myoclonic Encephalopathy and Nonketotic HyperglycinemiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe two cases of early myoclonic encephalopathy, secondary to nonketotic hyperglycinemia, with fatal evolution in the neonatal period. These two cases may better clarify clinical findings that can be associated with impairment of glycine metabolism. Distinguishing features include agenesis of the corpus callosum in patient 1, and weight loss exceeding 10%, associated with metabolic acidosis, in patient 2. The burst-suppression electroencephalography pattern is relatively common in neonatal encephalopathies, and is frequently associated with seizures. Nonketotic hyperglycinemia is an inborn error of metabolism cause...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Samantha Rossi, Irene Daniele, Petrina Bastrenta, Massimo Mastrangelo, Gianluca Lista Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Novel Mutation in KCNQ2 Causing Benign Familial Neonatal SeizuresEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Potassium channel subunits encoded by several genes of the KCNQ family underlie the M-current. Specifically, KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 play a major role at most neuronal sites. Mutations in KCNQ2 or KCNQ3 that reduce the M-current are responsible for benign familial neonatal seizures, a rare autosomal dominant idiopathic epilepsy of the newborn. The aim of this study was to investigate a single family with benign familial neonatal seizures for mutations in KCNQ genes and to analyze the association of mutation type with disease prognosis. A family in which members in several generations had signs and symptoms compatible with a diagno...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Hadassa Goldberg-Stern, Rafi Kaufmann, Sara Kivity, Zaid Afawi, Sara E. Heron Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Psychogenic Unilateral PseudoptosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A 13- year-old girl presented with unilateral psychogenic pseudoptosis. She had sudden-onset ptosis on the left side 3 weeks before presentation. Careful review of her medical history revealed multiple assessments for chronic pain symptoms over the previous 2 years. Physical examination revealed isolated ptosis on the left side, with no other abnormal neurologic findings. On sustained upward gaze, mild elevation of the upper eyelid accompanied by slight elevation of the lower eye lid was seen. Imaging of the brain, laboratory investigations and Electrophysiologic studies for neurogenic and myogenic pathologies were normal....
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Basheer A. Peer Mohamed, Shekhar G. Patil Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Neuropsychologic Impairment in Children With Rolandic EpilepsyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although patients with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes exhibit normal intelligence, they frequently display neuropsychologic abnormalities. Thirty-five patients with rolandic epilepsy were included in this study. They were divided into three subgroups. Group I comprised patients with rolandic focus who were not receiving treatment. Group II comprised patients with rolandic focus who were receiving treatment. Group III comprised patients who demonstrated improved foci and were not receiving treatment. The control group comprised 16 children who were similar to patients in terms of age, sex, and socio...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Yılmaz Ay, Sarenur Gokben, Gül Serdaroglu, Muzaffer Polat, Ayşe Tosun, Hasan Tekgul, Ufuk Solak, Hande Kesikci Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Exanthem Subitum-Associated Encephalitis: Nationwide Survey in JapanEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We sought to clarify clinical features of exanthem subitum associated-encephalitis/encephalopathy, generally caused by primary human herpesvirus-6 infection in Japan. A two-part questionnaire was sent to hospitals between January 2003-December 2004. Of 3357 questionnaires, 2357 (70.2%) were returned, and 2293 (68.3%) were eligible for analysis. Eighty-six cases of exanthem subitum-associated encephalitis/encephalopathy were reported. Seventy-seven (89.5%) of 86 patients were diagnosed with human herpesvirus-6 infection by virologic examination. Although 41 (50.6%) of 81 patients had no sequelae, 38 (46.9%) had neurologic s...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Tetsushi Yoshikawa, Masahiro Ohashi, Fumi Miyake, Ayano Fujita, Chie Usui, Ken Sugata, Sadao Suga, Shuji Hashimoto, Yoshizo Asano Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Interexaminer Reliability of Amiel-Tison Neurological AssessmentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Both the Amiel-Tison Neurological Assessment at Term and the Amiel-Tison Neurological Assessment From Birth to 6 Years Old are based on the same conceptual framework and both can be used throughout childhood; however, interobserver reliability must be evaluated before these assessments can be introduced into neurodevelopmental follow-up. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interobserver reliability of both assessments. Infants between 29 and 37 weeks gestation were examined with the Amiel-Tison Neurological Assessment at Term (n = 33) and with the Amiel-Tison Neurological Assessment From Birth to 6 Years Old (n = 26...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Marie-Noëlle Simard, Jean Lambert, Christian Lachance, François Audibert, Julie Gosselin Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Association of Autistic Spectrum Disorders With DystrophinopathiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Parents of 85 boys with dystrophinopathies and 51 sibling controls completed the Social Communication Questionnaire, describing child behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorders and a rating of parental stress. Twenty-one boys with dystrophinopathies and no siblings received scores above the cut-point for possible autistic spectrum disorders. Mothers of identified children were given detailed interviews using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, and 16 boys (about 19% of the sample) met the criteria for autism spectrum disorders. Significant qualitative abnormalities in reciprocal social interactions and commun...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Veronica J. Hinton, Shana E. Cyrulnik, Robert J. Fee, Abigail Batchelder, Jacqueline M. Kiefel, Edward M. Goldstein, Petra Kaufmann, Darryl C. De Vivo Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Medication Policy After Epilepsy SurgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The postsurgical medication policy was reviewed for 109 children (age at surgery, 0-16 years) who had epilepsy surgery between 1991 and 2005. Intervals between surgery and both start (n = 84) and completion (n = 68) of withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were calculated and analyzed in relation to demographic and epilepsy variables and to recurrent seizures. Postoperative seizure freedom was associated with completeness of surgical resection, defined as complete removal of the cortical region exhibiting ictal or interictal abnormalities on intracranial electroencephalography and lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (P...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Kim Boshuisen, Olga Braams, Aag Jennekens-Schinkel, Kees P. Braun, Floor E. Jansen, Peter C. van Rijen, Onno van Nieuwenhuizen Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Seizures Are Common in Term Infants Undergoing Head CoolingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Selective head cooling was used to treat infants at risk of developing encephalopathy within 6 hours as part of a practice plan. Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography and raw, single-channel electroencephalography tracings were performed continuously during cooling. Routine electroencephalography was performed intermittently during, and video electroencephalography immediately after, selective head cooling. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at the end of week 1. We sought a better delineation of the occurrence and timing of clinical and electrographic seizures during selective head cooling. Twenty term infants...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Vivien Yap, Murray Engel, Toshiki Takenouchi, Jeffrey M. Perlman Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography in NeonatesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conventional electroencephalography (EEG) has been used for decades in the neonatal intensive care unit for formulating neurologic prognoses, demonstrating brain functional state and degree of maturation, revealing cerebral lesions, and identifying the presence and number of electrographic seizures. However, both the immediate availability of conventional EEG and the expertise with which it is interpreted are variable. Amplitude-integrated EEG provides simplified monitoring of cerebral function, and is rapidly gaining popularity among neonatologists, with growing use in bedside decision making and inclusion criteria for ra...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 13, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Mohamed El-Dib, Taeun Chang, Tammy N. Tsuchida, Robert R. Clancy Tags: Review Article Source Type: journals

Instructions to ContributorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: journals

Table of ContentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: journals

CalendarEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Tags: Calendar Source Type: journals

Transverse Myelitis as a Rare, Serious Complication of Mycoplasma pneumoniae InfectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report on the first published case of a Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated transverse myelitis appearing in childhood and leading to persistent paraplegia and bowel and bladder dysfunctions. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord indicated extensive transverse myelitis extending from T5-T12. A repeated scan established spinal cord atrophy in the affected area. Various therapies (methylprednisolone pulse therapy, plasmapheresis, and roxythromycine) produced no clinical effect. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Györgyi Csábi, Hedvig Komáromy, Katalin Hollódy Tags: Note Source Type: journals

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Preclinical Leigh SyndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report on a preterm Japanese male baby with Leigh syndrome, i.e., intrauterine growth restriction, central apnea, and feeding difficulty. These signs improved at 41 weeks of corrected age. At that time, brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed increased signal in diffusion-weighted imaging in the parietal white matter, bilaterally and symmetrically not respecting vascular territory or boundaries. However, clinical improvement deterred us from further investigation. About 3 months later, he manifested frequent ictal apnea with myoclonic seizures and deterioration of consciousness to semicoma. Subsequent diffusion-weight...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Akira Kumakura, Junko Asada, Ryosuke Okumura, Ichiro Fujisawa, Daisuke Hata Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Effect of Oral Curcumin on Déjérine-Sottas DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Curcumin is the newest therapeutic agent for ameliorating the clinical and neuropathologic phenotype of a mouse model of Déjérine-Sottas disease. We undertook a 12-month dose-escalation safety trial of oral curcumin in a 15-year-old Caucasian girl with Déjérine-Sottas disease (point mutation, Ser72Leu) complicated by severe weakness, scoliosis, and respiratory impairment. The patient received 50mg/kg/day oral curcumin for the first 4 months and 75mg/kg/day thereafter, to complete a 12-month trial. Outcome measures included muscle strength, pulmonary function, upper/lower extremity disability, neurophysiologic studies, ...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Joshua Burns, Pathma D. Joseph, Kristy J. Rose, Monique M. Ryan, Robert A. Ouvrier Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Hashimoto Encephalopathy in a 15-Year-Old-Girl: EEG Findings and Follow-UpEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe a 15-year-old girl with a fluctuating course of Hashimoto encephalopathy. Electroencephalograms revealed no specific alterations, but widespread slowing of the background activity occurred during two episodes of fluctuating encephalopathy. Cortical edema was indicated by cranial magnetic resonance imaging during the first episode of encephalopathy, in the context of cerebral seizures. Laboratory findings were in accordance with Hashimoto encephalopathy, which was steroid-responsive. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Hiltrud Muhle, Andreas van Baalen, Felix G. Riepe, Axel Rohr, Ulrich Stephani Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: A New Mutation in ArabsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe a novel mutation in two siblings of Israeli-Arab origin, with a clinical picture compatible with late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Both siblings were found to be homozygous for a deletion of a C nucleotide at position 775 in exon 7 of the CLN2 gene. These findings have implications for the worldwide epidemiology of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Hadassa Goldberg-Stern, Ayelet Halevi, Dafna Marom, Rachel Straussberg, Aviva Mimouni-Bloch Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Encephalitis and Occipital Ischemic StrokeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe a previously healthy 3-year-old girl who presented with bilateral occipital ischemic stroke, attributable to herpes simplex virus type-1 encephalitis, highlighting the importance of viral diagnostics in cerebrospinal fluid. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 11, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Antonetta M.G. Sas, Erik H. Niks, Maarten H. Lequin, Coriene E. Catsman-Berrevoets, Marie Claire Y. de Wit Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals